New Brunswick
New Brunswick (French: Nouveau-Brunswick; pronounced: [nu.vo.bʁœn.swik], Quebec French pronunciation: [nu.vo.bʁɔn.zwɪk] ( )) is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only province in the Canadian federation that is constitutionally bilingual (English–French). It was created as a result of the partitioning of the British Colony of Nova Scotia in 1784. Fredericton is the capital and Saint John is the most populous city. Greater Moncton (Moncton, Dieppe, Riverview) forms the province's largest census metropolitan area. In the 2011 nation wide census, Statistics Canada estimated the provincial population to have been 751,171. The majority of the population is English-speaking, but there is also a large Francophone minority (33%), chiefly of Acadian origin.
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Siege of Petersburg | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Siege of Petersburg
00:01:30 1 Background
00:01:39 1.1 Military situation
00:06:37 2 Opposing forces
00:06:46 2.1 Union
00:10:00 2.2 Confederate
00:11:59 2.3 Comparison between Union and Confederate armies
00:13:21 2.4 Role of African Americans
00:13:48 3 Initial attempts to capture Petersburg
00:13:59 3.1 Butler's assault (June 9)
00:17:06 3.2 Meade's assaults (June 15–18,1864)
00:24:09 4 Initial attempts to cut the railroads (June 21–30)
00:25:05 4.1 Jerusalem Plank Road (June 21–23)
00:27:26 4.2 Wilson-Kautz Raid (June 22 – July 1)
00:33:59 5 First Battle of Deep Bottom (July 27–29)
00:37:01 6 The Crater (July 30)
00:41:42 7 Second Deep Bottom (August 14–20)
00:45:52 8 Operations against the Weldon Railroad
00:46:02 8.1 Globe Tavern (August 18–21)
00:49:18 8.2 Second Reams Station (August 25)
00:53:16 9 Beefsteak Raid (September 14–17)
00:55:25 10 Union offensives, late September
00:55:35 10.1 New Market Heights (September 29–30)
00:56:23 10.2 Peebles Farm (September 30 – October 2)
00:57:39 11 Actions near Richmond, October
00:57:49 11.1 Darbytown and New Market Roads (October 7)
00:58:26 11.2 Darbytown Road (October 13)
00:58:57 11.3 Fair Oaks and Darbytown Road (October 27–28)
00:59:37 12 Boydton Plank Road (October 27–28)
01:00:31 13 Hatcher's Run (February 5–7, 1865)
01:01:46 14 Confederate breakout attempt at Fort Stedman (March 25)
01:05:55 15 Aftermath
01:07:41 16 Classifying the campaigns
01:08:30 17 Battlefield preservation
01:09:42 18 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Richmond–Petersburg Campaign was a series of battles around Petersburg, Virginia, fought from June 9, 1864, to March 25, 1865, during the American Civil War. Although it is more popularly known as the Siege of Petersburg, it was not a classic military siege, in which a city is usually surrounded and all supply lines are cut off, nor was it strictly limited to actions against Petersburg. The campaign consisted of nine months of trench warfare in which Union forces commanded by Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant assaulted Petersburg unsuccessfully and then constructed trench lines that eventually extended over 30 miles (48 km) from the eastern outskirts of Richmond, Virginia, to around the eastern and southern outskirts of Petersburg. Petersburg was crucial to the supply of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's army and the Confederate capital of Richmond. Numerous raids were conducted and battles fought in attempts to cut off the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad. Many of these battles caused the lengthening of the trench lines.
Lee finally gave in to the pressure and abandoned both cities in April 1865, leading to his retreat and surrender at Appomattox Court House. The Siege of Petersburg foreshadowed the trench warfare that was common in World War I, earning it a prominent position in military history. It also featured the war's largest concentration of African American troops, who suffered heavy casualties at such engagements as the Battle of the Crater and Chaffin's Farm.
Indiana | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Indiana
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Indiana (listen) is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern and Great Lakes regions of North America. Indiana is the 38th largest by area and the 17th most populous of the 50 United States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th U.S. state on December 11, 1816. Indiana borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north, Ohio to the east, Kentucky to the south and southeast, and Illinois to the west.
Before becoming a territory, various indigenous peoples and Native Americans inhabited Indiana for thousands of years. Since its founding as a territory, settlement patterns in Indiana have reflected regional cultural segmentation present in the Eastern United States; the state's northernmost tier was settled primarily by people from New England and New York, Central Indiana by migrants from the Mid-Atlantic states and from adjacent Ohio, and Southern Indiana by settlers from the Southern states, particularly Kentucky and Tennessee.Indiana has a diverse economy with a gross state product of $359.12 billion in 2017. Indiana has several metropolitan areas with populations greater than 100,000 and a number of smaller industrial cities and towns. Indiana is home to professional sports teams, including the NFL's Indianapolis Colts and the NBA's Indiana Pacers, and hosts several notable athletic events, such as the Indianapolis 500 and Brickyard 400 motorsports races.
History of the National Park Service | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of the National Park Service
00:00:38 1 Beginnings
00:00:46 1.1 National Parks 1864–1891
00:03:52 1.2 National Monument line I, 1906–1916
00:07:20 1.3 Mineral Springs line, 1832–1916
00:08:32 2 Establishment, 1916
00:09:18 3 Reorganization of 1933
00:10:49 3.1 National Capital Parks line, 1790–1933
00:12:33 3.2 National Memorials line, 1776–1933
00:15:05 3.3 National Military Parks line, 1781–1933
00:18:02 3.4 National Cemetery line, 1867–1933
00:20:07 3.5 National Monument line II, 1910–1933; War Department
00:21:00 3.6 National Monument line III, 1907–1933; Department of Agriculture
00:24:16 3.7 National Park System areas by category following the reorganization of 1933
00:24:30 4 Growth, 1933–1966
00:27:05 4.1 Natural areas, 1933–1966
00:30:04 4.2 Historical areas, 1933–1966
00:35:48 4.3 Recreation areas, 1933–1966
00:38:45 4.4 National Parkways
00:43:04 4.5 Recreational demonstration areas
00:44:47 4.6 Reservoir-related Recreation Areas
00:47:50 4.7 National Seashores
00:49:41 5 The second 50 years; 1966–2016
00:50:24 5.1 Redwood amendment
00:52:41 5.2 National Lakeshores
00:53:22 5.3 National Heritage Area
00:54:04 5.4 Urban recreation areas
00:54:55 5.5 The Alaska expansion
00:56:22 5.6 Reagan years (1981–1989)
00:56:41 5.7 Bush years (1989–1993)
00:57:01 5.8 Clinton years (1993–2000)
00:57:21 5.9 Bush years (2001–2008)
00:57:47 5.10 Obama years (2009–2017)
00:58:25 6 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Since 1872 the United States National Park System has grown from a single, public reservation called Yellowstone National Park to embrace over 450 natural, historical, recreational, and cultural areas throughout the United States, its territories, and island possessions. These areas include a diverse varieties of areas —National Parks, National Monuments, National Memorials, National Military Parks, National Historic Sites, National Parkways, National Recreation Areas, National Seashores, National Scenic Riverways, National Scenic Trails, and others.
Indiana | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Indiana
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Indiana (listen) is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern and Great Lakes regions of North America. Indiana is the 38th largest by area and the 17th most populous of the 50 United States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th U.S. state on December 11, 1816. Indiana borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north, Ohio to the east, Kentucky to the south and southeast, and Illinois to the west.
Before becoming a territory, various indigenous peoples and Native Americans inhabited Indiana for thousands of years. Since its founding as a territory, settlement patterns in Indiana have reflected regional cultural segmentation present in the Eastern United States; the state's northernmost tier was settled primarily by people from New England and New York, Central Indiana by migrants from the Mid-Atlantic states and from adjacent Ohio, and Southern Indiana by settlers from the Southern states, particularly Kentucky and Tennessee.Indiana has a diverse economy with a gross state product of $359.12 billion in 2017. Indiana has several metropolitan areas with populations greater than 100,000 and a number of smaller industrial cities and towns. Indiana is home to professional sports teams, including the NFL's Indianapolis Colts and the NBA's Indiana Pacers, and hosts several notable athletic events, such as the Indianapolis 500 and Brickyard 400 motorsports races.
Richmond, Virginia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:14 1 History
00:03:23 1.1 Colonial era
00:04:19 1.2 Revolution
00:05:17 1.3 Early United States
00:08:04 1.4 Civil War
00:12:57 1.5 Postbellum
00:14:23 1.6 20th century
00:17:56 2 Geography and climate
00:19:37 2.1 Cityscape
00:23:23 2.2 Climate
00:27:59 3 Demographics
00:31:44 3.1 Crime
00:33:59 3.2 Religion
00:40:42 4 Economy
00:45:40 4.1 Fortune 500 companies and other large corporations
00:48:28 4.2 Poverty
00:49:22 5 Arts and culture
00:49:31 5.1 Museums and monuments
00:53:19 5.2 Visual and performing arts
00:54:05 5.2.1 Murals
00:54:23 5.2.2 Professional performing companies
00:57:50 5.2.3 Other venues and companies
01:02:07 5.3 Literary arts
01:03:33 5.4 Architecture
01:09:12 5.5 Historic districts
01:10:05 5.6 Food
01:10:39 6 Parks and outdoor recreation
01:14:38 7 Sports
01:18:11 8 Media
01:20:06 9 Government and politics
01:23:55 10 Education
01:25:15 10.1 Colleges and universities
01:26:32 11 Infrastructure
01:26:42 11.1 Transportation
01:30:22 11.2 Major highways
01:30:30 11.3 Utilities
01:32:53 12 International relations
01:33:03 12.1 Sister cities
01:33:33 13 See also
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Speaking Rate: 0.90601071634439
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Richmond () is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. It is the center of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) and the Greater Richmond Region. Richmond was incorporated in 1742 and has been an independent city since 1871.
As of the 2010 census, the city's population was 204,214; in 2016, the population was estimated to be 223,170, making Richmond the fourth-most populous city in Virginia. The Richmond Metropolitan Area has a population of 1,260,029, the third-most populous metro in the state.
Richmond is located at the fall line of the James River, 44 miles (71 km) west of Williamsburg, 66 miles (106 km) east of Charlottesville, 100 miles (160 km) east of Lynchburg and 98 miles (158 km) south of Washington, D.C. Surrounded by Henrico and Chesterfield counties, the city is located at the intersections of Interstate 95 and Interstate 64, and encircled by Interstate 295 and Virginia State Route 288. Major suburbs include Midlothian to the southwest, Chesterfield to the south, Varina to the southeast, Sandston to the east, Glen Allen to the north and west, Short Pump to the west and Mechanicsville to the northeast.
The site of Richmond had been an important village of the Powhatan Confederacy, and was briefly settled by English colonists from Jamestown in 1609, and in 1610–1611. The present city of Richmond was founded in 1737. It became the capital of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1780, replacing Williamsburg. During the Revolutionary War period, several notable events occurred in the city, including Patrick Henry's Give me liberty or give me death speech in 1775 at St. John's Church, and the passage of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom written by Thomas Jefferson. During the American Civil War, Richmond served as the second and permanent capital of the Confederate States of America. The city entered the 20th century with one of the world's first successful electric streetcar systems. The Jackson Ward neighborhood is a national hub of African-American commerce and culture.
Richmond's economy is primarily driven by law, finance, and government, with federal, state, and local governmental agencies, as well as notable legal and banking firms, located in the downtown area. The city is home to both the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, one of 13 United States courts of appeals, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, one of 12 Federal Reserve Banks. Dominion Energy and WestRock, Fortune 500 companies, are headquartered in the city, with others in the metropolitan area.
United States Military Railroad | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
United States Military Railroad
00:00:41 1 History
00:02:29 1.1 Northern Virginia: 1862
00:02:39 1.2 Gettysburg Campaign
00:02:48 1.3 Chattanooga Campaign
00:09:19 1.4 Atlanta Campaign
00:09:28 1.5 Petersburg Campaign
00:11:36 2 Commanders
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The U.S. Military Railroad (USMRR) was established by the United States War Department as a separate agency to operate any rail lines seized by the government during the American Civil War. An Act of Congress of 31 January 1862 authorized President Abraham Lincoln to seize control of the railroads and telegraph for military use in January 1862. In practice, however, the USMRR restricted its authority to Southern rail lines captured in the course of the war. As a separate organization for rail transportation the USMRR is one of the predecessors of the modern United States Army Transportation Corps.
Indiana | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:49 1 Etymology
00:03:02 2 History
00:03:11 2.1 Aboriginal inhabitants
00:06:19 2.2 European exploration and sovereignty
00:09:34 2.3 The frontier
00:12:54 2.4 Statehood and settlement
00:15:20 2.5 Civil War
00:17:04 2.6 Early 20th century
00:19:35 2.7 Modern era
00:21:36 3 Geography
00:22:47 3.1 Geology and terrain
00:25:19 3.2 Hydrology
00:27:01 3.3 Climate
00:30:23 3.4 Ecosystem
00:30:32 3.5 Time zones
00:31:33 4 Indiana counties and statistical areas
00:32:12 4.1 Major cities
00:32:43 5 Demographics
00:32:52 5.1 Population
00:34:07 5.2 Ancestry
00:36:25 5.3 Population growth
00:39:34 5.4 Median income
00:40:56 5.5 Religion
00:42:56 5.6 Language
00:43:12 6 Law and government
00:49:31 6.1 Politics
00:54:56 6.2 Military installations
00:56:29 7 Culture
00:56:38 7.1 Arts
00:56:47 7.2 Sports
00:56:56 7.2.1 Motorsports
00:58:18 7.2.2 Professional sports
01:00:55 7.2.3 Professional teams
01:01:21 7.2.4 College athletics
01:02:32 8 Economy and infrastructure
01:04:22 8.1 Business
01:06:34 8.2 State budget
01:09:11 8.3 Energy
01:11:06 8.4 Transportation
01:11:15 8.4.1 Airports
01:13:20 8.4.2 Highways
01:15:08 8.4.3 County roads
01:17:17 8.4.4 Rail
01:18:25 8.4.5 Ports
01:19:40 9 Education
01:24:20 10 See also
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Speaking Rate: 0.8109996302073358
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Indiana (listen) is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern and Great Lakes regions of North America. Indiana is the 38th largest by area and the 17th most populous of the 50 United States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th U.S. state on December 11, 1816. Indiana borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north, Ohio to the east, Kentucky to the south and southeast, and Illinois to the west.
Before becoming a territory, various indigenous peoples and Native Americans inhabited Indiana for thousands of years. Since its founding as a territory, settlement patterns in Indiana have reflected regional cultural segmentation present in the Eastern United States; the state's northernmost tier was settled primarily by people from New England and New York, Central Indiana by migrants from the Mid-Atlantic states and from adjacent Ohio, and Southern Indiana by settlers from the Southern states, particularly Kentucky and Tennessee.Indiana has a diverse economy with a gross state product of $359.12 billion in 2017. Indiana has several metropolitan areas with populations greater than 100,000 and a number of smaller industrial cities and towns. Indiana is home to professional sports teams, including the NFL's Indianapolis Colts and the NBA's Indiana Pacers, and hosts several notable athletic events, such as the Indianapolis 500 and Brickyard 400 motorsports races.
Ohio | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Ohio
00:01:16 1 Geography
00:06:13 1.1 Climate
00:08:06 1.1.1 Records
00:08:37 1.2 Earthquakes
00:10:29 2 Major cities
00:12:20 3 History
00:12:29 3.1 Native Americans
00:17:46 3.2 Colonial and Revolutionary eras
00:18:37 3.3 Northwest Territory: 1787–1803
00:20:28 3.4 Statehood: 1803–present
00:26:00 4 Demographics
00:26:09 4.1 Population
00:27:40 4.2 Birth data
00:28:07 4.3 Ancestry
00:31:20 4.4 Languages
00:32:33 4.5 Religion
00:33:27 5 Economy
00:37:09 6 Transportation
00:37:18 6.1 Ground travel
00:39:59 6.2 Air travel
00:40:55 6.3 Transportation lists
00:41:18 7 Law and government
00:41:34 7.1 Executive branch
00:42:13 7.2 Judicial branch
00:43:10 7.3 Legislative branch
00:43:41 7.4 National politics
00:47:05 8 Education
00:48:11 8.1 Colleges and universities
00:49:50 8.2 Libraries
00:51:07 9 Culture
00:51:16 9.1 Arts
00:51:24 9.2 Sports
00:51:32 9.2.1 Professional sports teams
00:52:53 9.2.2 Individual sports
00:53:51 9.2.3 College sports
00:54:55 10 State symbols
00:55:14 11 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Ohio (listen) is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Of the fifty states, it is the 34th largest by area, the seventh most populous, and the tenth most densely populated. The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.
The state takes its name from the Ohio River, whose name in turn originated from the Seneca word ohiːyo', meaning good river, great river or large creek. Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, Ohio was the 17th state admitted to the Union on March 1, 1803, and the first under the Northwest Ordinance. Ohio is historically known as the Buckeye State after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as Buckeyes.The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the bicameral Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, led by the state Supreme Court. Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives. Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections. Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state.
Ohio | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Ohio
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Ohio (listen) is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Of the fifty states, is the 34th largest by area, the seventh most populous, and the tenth most densely populated. The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.
The state takes its name from the Ohio River, whose name in turn originated from the Seneca word ohiːyo', meaning good river, great river or large creek. Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, Ohio was the 17th state admitted to the Union on March 1, 1803, and the first under the Northwest Ordinance. Ohio is historically known as the Buckeye State after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as Buckeyes.The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the bicameral Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, led by the state Supreme Court. Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives. Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections. Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state.
Saint Paul, Minnesota | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Saint Paul, Minnesota
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Saint Paul (abbreviated St. Paul) is the capital and second-most populous city of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2017, the city's estimated population was 309,180. Saint Paul is the county seat of Ramsey County, the smallest and most densely populated county in Minnesota. The city lies mostly on the east bank of the Mississippi River in the area surrounding its point of confluence with the Minnesota River, and adjoins Minneapolis, the state's largest city. Known as the Twin Cities, the two form the core of Minneapolis–Saint Paul, the 16th-largest metropolitan area in the United States, with about 3.6 million residents.Founded near historic Native American settlements as a trading and transportation center, the city rose to prominence when it was named the capital of the Minnesota Territory in 1849. The Dakota name for Saint Paul is Imnizaska. Though Minneapolis (Bdeota) is better-known nationally, Saint Paul contains the state government and other important institutions. Regionally, the city is known for the Xcel Energy Center, home of the Minnesota Wild, and for the Science Museum of Minnesota. As a business hub of the Upper Midwest, it is the headquarters of companies such as Ecolab. Saint Paul, along with its Twin City, Minneapolis, is known for its high literacy rate. It was the only city in the United States with a population of 250,000 or more to see an increase in circulation of Sunday newspapers in 2007.The settlement originally began at present-day Lambert's Landing, but was known as Pig's Eye after Pierre Pig's Eye Parrant established a popular tavern there. When Lucien Galtier, the first Catholic pastor of the region, established the Log Chapel of Saint Paul (shortly thereafter to become the first location of the Cathedral of Saint Paul), he made it known that the settlement was now to be called by that name, as Saint Paul as applied to a town or city was well appropriated, this monosyllable is short, sounds good, it is understood by all Christian denominations.
Ohio | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Ohio
00:01:16 1 Geography
00:06:14 1.1 Climate
00:08:08 1.1.1 Records
00:08:38 1.2 Earthquakes
00:10:30 2 Major cities
00:12:21 3 History
00:12:30 3.1 Native Americans
00:17:48 3.2 Colonial and Revolutionary eras
00:18:39 3.3 Northwest Territory: 1787–1803
00:20:32 3.4 Statehood: 1803–present
00:26:04 4 Demographics
00:26:13 4.1 Population
00:27:45 4.2 Birth data
00:28:12 4.3 Ancestry
00:31:28 4.4 Languages
00:32:41 4.5 Religion
00:33:36 5 Economy
00:37:19 6 Transportation
00:37:28 6.1 Ground travel
00:40:09 6.2 Air travel
00:41:05 6.3 Transportation lists
00:41:27 7 Law and government
00:41:43 7.1 Executive branch
00:42:23 7.2 Judicial branch
00:43:20 7.3 Legislative branch
00:43:50 7.4 National politics
00:47:15 8 Education
00:48:21 8.1 Colleges and universities
00:50:01 8.2 Libraries
00:51:18 9 Culture
00:51:27 9.1 Arts
00:51:35 9.2 Sports
00:51:43 9.2.1 Professional sports teams
00:53:05 9.2.2 Individual sports
00:54:02 9.2.3 College sports
00:55:06 10 State symbols
00:55:25 11 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Ohio (listen) is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Of the fifty states, it is the 34th largest by area, the seventh most populous, and the tenth most densely populated. The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.
The state takes its name from the Ohio River, whose name in turn originated from the Seneca word ohiːyo', meaning good river, great river or large creek. Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, Ohio was the 17th state admitted to the Union on March 1, 1803, and the first under the Northwest Ordinance. Ohio is historically known as the Buckeye State after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as Buckeyes.The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the bicameral Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, led by the state Supreme Court. Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives. Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections. Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state.
History of the United States | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of the United States
00:06:53 1 Pre-Columbian Era
00:08:19 1.1 Native development prior to European contact
00:15:21 1.1.1 Major cultures
00:23:57 1.2 Native development in Hawaii
00:24:46 2 Colonial period
00:25:41 2.1 Spanish, Dutch, and French colonization
00:28:45 2.2 British colonization
00:32:58 3 18th century
00:34:00 3.1 Political integration and autonomy
00:37:39 4 American Revolution
00:40:57 5 Early years of the republic
00:41:06 5.1 Confederation and Constitution
00:43:00 5.2 President George Washington
00:45:47 5.3 Slavery
00:46:56 6 19th century
00:47:05 6.1 Jeffersonian Republican Era
00:48:11 6.2 War of 1812
00:50:44 6.3 Era of Good Feelings
00:52:38 6.4 Indian removal
00:53:41 6.5 Second Party System
00:56:42 6.6 Second Great Awakening
00:57:37 6.7 Abolitionism
00:58:26 6.8 Westward expansion and Manifest Destiny
01:02:30 6.9 Divisions between North and South
01:08:05 6.10 Civil War
01:15:12 6.11 Emancipation
01:16:28 6.12 Reconstruction Era
01:19:43 6.13 The West and the Gilded Age
01:25:14 7 20th century
01:25:23 7.1 Progressive Era
01:27:16 7.2 Imperialism
01:29:07 7.3 World War I
01:30:30 7.4 Women's suffrage
01:33:47 7.5 Roaring Twenties
01:35:24 7.6 Great Depression and New Deal
01:38:23 7.7 World War II
01:45:30 7.8 The Cold War, counterculture, and civil rights
01:49:31 7.8.1 Climax of liberalism
01:51:29 7.8.2 Civil Rights Movement
01:53:53 7.8.3 The Women's Movement
01:56:15 7.8.4 The Counterculture Revolution and Cold War Détente
01:59:25 7.9 Close of the 20th century
02:04:52 8 21st century
02:05:01 8.1 9/11 and the War on Terror
02:10:37 8.2 The Great Recession
02:12:35 8.3 Recent events
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The history of the United States began with the settlement of Indigenous people before 15,000 BC. Numerous cultures formed. The arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 started the European colonization of the Americas. Most colonies formed after 1600. By the 1770s, thirteen British colonies contained 2.5 million people along the Atlantic coast east of the Appalachian Mountains. After defeating France, the British government imposed a series of new taxes after 1765, rejecting the colonists' argument that new taxes needed their approval (see Stamp Act 1765). Tax resistance, especially the Boston Tea Party (1773), led to punitive laws by Parliament designed to end self-government in Massachusetts.
Armed conflict began in 1775. In 1776, the Second Continental Congress declared the independence of the colonies as the United States of America. Led by General George Washington, it won the Revolutionary War with large support from France. The peace treaty of 1783 gave the new nation the land east of the Mississippi River (except Canada and Florida). The Articles of Confederation established a central government, but it was ineffectual at providing stability, as it could not collect taxes and had no executive officer. A convention in 1787 wrote a new Constitution that was adopted in 1789. In 1791, a Bill of Rights was added to guarantee inalienable rights. With Washington as the first president and Alexander Hamilton his chief adviser, a strong central government was created. Purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803 doubled the size of the United States. A second and final war with Britain was fought in 1812, which solidified national pride.
Encouraged by the notion of manifest destiny, U.S. territory expanded all the way to the Pacific coast. While the United States was large in terms of area, its population in 1790 was only 4 million. However, it grew rapidly, reaching 7.2 million in 1810, 32 million in 1860, 76 million in 1900, 132 million in 1940, and 321 million in 2015. Economic growth in terms of overall GDP was even greater. However compared to European powers, the nation's military strength was relatively limited in peacetime before 1940. The expansion was driven by a quest for inexpensive land for yeoman farmers and slave owners. The ...
Ohio | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Ohio
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Ohio (listen) is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Of the fifty states, is the 34th largest by area, the seventh most populous, and the tenth most densely populated. The state's capital and largest city is Columbus.
The state takes its name from the Ohio River, whose name in turn originated from the Seneca word ohiːyo', meaning good river, great river or large creek. Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, Ohio was the 17th state admitted to the Union on March 1, 1803, and the first under the Northwest Ordinance. Ohio is historically known as the Buckeye State after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as Buckeyes.The government of Ohio is composed of the executive branch, led by the Governor; the legislative branch, which comprises the bicameral Ohio General Assembly; and the judicial branch, led by the state Supreme Court. Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives. Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections. Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state.
The Great Gildersleeve: Marshall Bullard's Party / Labor Day at Grass Lake / Leroy's New Teacher
The Great Gildersleeve (1941--1957), initially written by Leonard Lewis Levinson, was one of broadcast history's earliest spin-off programs. Built around Throckmorton Philharmonic Gildersleeve, a character who had been a staple on the classic radio situation comedy Fibber McGee and Molly, first introduced on Oct. 3, 1939, ep. #216. The Great Gildersleeve enjoyed its greatest success in the 1940s. Actor Harold Peary played the character during its transition from the parent show into the spin-off and later in a quartet of feature films released at the height of the show's popularity.
On Fibber McGee and Molly, Peary's Gildersleeve was a pompous windbag who became a consistent McGee nemesis. You're a haa-aa-aa-aard man, McGee! became a Gildersleeve catchphrase. The character was given several conflicting first names on Fibber McGee and Molly, and on one episode his middle name was revealed as Philharmonic. Gildy admits as much at the end of Gildersleeve's Diary on the Fibber McGee and Molly series (Oct. 22, 1940).
He soon became so popular that Kraft Foods—looking primarily to promote its Parkay margarine spread — sponsored a new series with Peary's Gildersleeve as the central, slightly softened and slightly befuddled focus of a lively new family.
Premiering on August 31, 1941, The Great Gildersleeve moved the title character from the McGees' Wistful Vista to Summerfield, where Gildersleeve now oversaw his late brother-in-law's estate and took on the rearing of his orphaned niece and nephew, Marjorie (originally played by Lurene Tuttle and followed by Louise Erickson and Mary Lee Robb) and Leroy Forester (Walter Tetley). The household also included a cook named Birdie. Curiously, while Gildersleeve had occasionally spoken of his (never-present) wife in some Fibber episodes, in his own series the character was a confirmed bachelor.
In a striking forerunner to such later television hits as Bachelor Father and Family Affair, both of which are centered on well-to-do uncles taking in their deceased siblings' children, Gildersleeve was a bachelor raising two children while, at first, administering a girdle manufacturing company (If you want a better corset, of course, it's a Gildersleeve) and then for the bulk of the show's run, serving as Summerfield's water commissioner, between time with the ladies and nights with the boys. The Great Gildersleeve may have been the first broadcast show to be centered on a single parent balancing child-rearing, work, and a social life, done with taste and genuine wit, often at the expense of Gildersleeve's now slightly understated pomposity.
Many of the original episodes were co-written by John Whedon, father of Tom Whedon (who wrote The Golden Girls), and grandfather of Deadwood scripter Zack Whedon and Joss Whedon (creator of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Firefly and Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along Blog).
The key to the show was Peary, whose booming voice and facility with moans, groans, laughs, shudders and inflection was as close to body language and facial suggestion as a voice could get. Peary was so effective, and Gildersleeve became so familiar a character, that he was referenced and satirized periodically in other comedies and in a few cartoons.
History of the United States | Wikipedia audio article | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of the United States | Wikipedia audio article
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The history of the United States began with the settlement of Indigenous people before 15,000 BC. Numerous cultures formed. The arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 started the European colonization of the Americas. Most colonies formed after 1600. By the 1770s, thirteen British colonies contained 2.5 million people along the Atlantic coast east of the Appalachian Mountains. After defeating France, the British government imposed a series of new taxes after 1765, rejecting the colonists' argument that new taxes needed their approval (see Stamp Act 1765). Tax resistance, especially the Boston Tea Party (1773), led to punitive laws by Parliament designed to end self-government in Massachusetts.
Armed conflict began in 1775. In 1776, the Second Continental Congress declared the independence of the colonies as the United States of America. Led by General George Washington, it won the Revolutionary War with large support from France. The peace treaty of 1783 gave the new nation the land east of the Mississippi River (except Canada and Florida). The Articles of Confederation established a central government, but it was ineffectual at providing stability, as it could not collect taxes and had no executive officer. A convention in 1787 wrote a new Constitution that was adopted in 1789. In 1791, a Bill of Rights was added to guarantee inalienable rights. With Washington as the first president and Alexander Hamilton his chief adviser, a strong central government was created. Purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803 doubled the size of the United States. A second and final war with Britain was fought in 1812, which solidified national pride.
Encouraged by the notion of manifest destiny, U.S. territory expanded all the way to the Pacific coast. While the United States was large in terms of area, its population in 1790 was only 4 million. However, it grew rapidly, reaching 7.2 million in 1810, 32 million in 1860, 76 million in 1900, 132 million in 1940, and 321 million in 2015. Economic growth in terms of overall GDP was even greater. However compared to European powers, the nation's military strength was relatively limited in peacetime before 1940. The expansion was driven by a quest for inexpensive land for yeoman farmers and slave owners. The expansion of slavery was increasingly controversial and fueled political and constitutional battles, which were resolved by compromises. Slavery was abolished in all states north of the Mason–Dixon line by 1804, but the South continued to profit off of the institution, mostly from production of cotton. Republican Abraham Lincoln was elected in 1860 on a platform of halting the expansion of slavery.
Seven Southern slave states rebelled and created the foundation of the Confederacy. Its attack of Fort Sumter against the Union forces started the Civil War (1861–1865). Confederate defeat led to the impoverishment of the South and the abolition of slavery. In the Reconstruction Era (1863–1877), legal and voting rights were extended to freed slaves. The national government emerged much stronger, and because of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868, it gained the explicit duty to protect individual rights. However, when white Democrats regained their power in the South in 1877, often by paramilitary suppression of voting, they passed Jim Crow laws to maintain white supremacy, and new disfranchising constitutions that prevented most African Americans and many poor whites from voting. This continued until gains of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s and passage of federal legislation to enforce constitutional rights were made.
The United States became the world's leading industrial power at the turn of the 20th century due to an outburst of entrepreneurship in the Northeast and Midwest and the arrival of millions of immigrant workers and farmers from Europe. The national railroad network was completed and large-sc ...