part-1 , Ղազիրի գորգը , Ghazir rug with Missak Kelechian , Газирский ковер Washington DC
Ghazir rug with Missak Kelechian
A rug made by orphans of the Armenian Genocide
The exhibit is taking place at the White House Visitor Center from Nov. 18 to 23. The White House Visitor Center .
Armenian Orphan Rug–also known as the Ghazir Rug–a work of art that has been the subject of political controversy since it was woven by orphan survivors of the Armenian Genocide and gifted to U.S. President Calvin Coolidge in 1925 in appreciation for U.S. humanitarian assistance following Turkey’s mass murder of over 1.5 million Armenians and other Christians during World War I.
Газирский ковер . На выставке в Белом доме показан ковер армянских сирот Геноцида
Ղազիրի գորգը նոյեմբերի 18-23-ը կցուցադրվի ԱՄՆ նախագահի նստավայրի այցելուների սրահում
Գորգը գործել են հայ որբերը և 1925թ. նվիրել ԱՄՆ նախագահ Քելվին Քուլիջին` Հայոց ցեղասպանությունից տուժածներին օգնություն ցուցաբերելու համար:
Կարպետը խորհրդանշում է Եդեմի պարտեզները, պարունակում է չորս միլիոն հանգույց և պատրաստվել է 18 ամսվա ընթացքում։
Սպիտակ տան ցուցադրությունը կրում է «Շնորհակալություն ԱՄՆ-ին. երեք նվեր նախագահներին՝ որպես երախտագիտություն արտերկրում ամերիկյան առատաձեռնության» անվանումը:
Ղազիրի (Բեյրութ) ամերիկյան որբանոցի հայ աղջիկների գործած հայտնի գորգը: 1925 թվականին 10 ամսվա ընթացքում ստեղծած այս գորգը (լուսանկարում) Օսմանյան Թուրքիայում ցեղասպանության պատճառով որբացած հայ աղջիկները 1925-ի Սուրբ ծննդյան տոների նախօրեին նվիրել են ԱՄՆ-ի այն ժամանակվա նախագահ Քելվին Քուլիջին՝ որպես երախտիքի նշան իրենց ցուցաբերված ամերիկյան մարդասիրական օգնության:
Գորգի հեղինակներից էր նաև որբանոցի սան Նարթուհի Խոսրովյանը (լուսանկարում աջից՝ գիրքը ձեռքին): Նա Խարբերդից էր, 1915-ին կոցրել էր ծնողներին 9 տարեկանում: Ապաստանելով Միջին Արևելքի ամերիկյան նպաստամատույցի Ղազիրի որբանոցում, Նարթուհին շատերի նման ստանում է այստեղ գորգագործի մասնագիտություն և աշխատում որբանոցին կից գործող գորգագործական արտադրամասում: Լուսանկարում ներկայացված է 1925-ին Նարթուհի Խոսրովյանին տրված համապատասխան մասնագիտական վկայականը՝ ստորագրված Ղազիրի որբանոցի և միաժամանակ գորգագործական արտադրամասի տնօրեն Ջեկոբ Կունզլերի կողմից:
Business Class Experience - Turkish Airlines
The best journeys start at Lounge Istanbul and continues on Business Class…
Unlimited internet access, convenient pockets for your belongings, Business Class catering services that won the 2017 Skytrax Passengers Choice Award for Best Business Class Dining Lounge, luxurious travel essentials, the unique taste of Turkish coffee, a state-of-the-art in-flight entertainment system, candlelight dinners high above the clouds, round-the-clock snack bar, flatbeds for a comfortable night's sleep…
Get ready for a privileged experience designed down to the very last detail.
Turkish Airlines flies to over 270 cities in 110 countries and is also proud to be the airline that flies to the most countries in the world. turkishairlines.com
#TurkishAirlines #TürkHavaYolları #WidenYourWorld
About Turkish Airlines:
Established in 1933 with a fleet of five aircraft, Star Alliance member Turkish Airlines is the airline that flies to more countries and international destinations than any other airline in the world. Turkish Airlines has a fleet of over 300 (passenger and cargo) aircraft flying to over 300 destinations worldwide.
Since April 2019, Turkey’s national flag carrier is operating from its new hub, Istanbul Airport, which is set to be the world’s largest with an annual passenger capacity of 200 million once all phases are complete. Recognized for its excellent products and services around the globe, Turkish Airlines bridges cultures and continents from its hub in Istanbul, with Turkish hospitality at its heart. More information about Turkish Airlines can be found on its official website turkishairlines.com or its social media accounts on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, and Instagram.
Türk Hava Yolları Hakkında:
1933 yılında 5 uçaktan oluşan mütevazı bir filo ile kurulan Star Alliance üyesi Türk Hava Yolları, bugün 300’den fazla (yolcu ve kargo) uçak yer alan filosu ile dünyada 300’den fazla noktaya uçan havayolu şirketidir. Türkiye’nin bayrak taşıyıcı havayolu Nisan 2019’dan bu yana, tüm aşamaları tamamlandıktan sonra yıllık 200 milyon yolcu kapasitesiyle dünyanın en büyük havalimanı olacak İstanbul Havalimanı’nda faaliyet gösteriyor.
Dünya genelindeki mükemmel ürün ve hizmetleri ile tanınan Türk Hava Yolları, Türk misafirperverliği ile İstanbul'daki merkezinde kültürleri ve kıtaları birbirine bağlıyor. Türk Hava Yolları ile ilgili daha geniş bilgiye turkishairlines.com web adresinden veya Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn ve Instagram hesapları üzerinden ulaşılabilir.
MADRIX @ Future Cities Catapult
1x MADRIX professional
4 x MADRIX LUNA 8
Thank you:
Kin Design, London
Music: Midnight by NGL
Future Cities Catapult is a government funded hub that brings together businesses, academics and city leaders to discuss and develop the cities of the future.
Their new headquarters needed to communicate who they were and showcase the projects they were working on with a flexible exhibition space.
To create the immediate impression of activity Kin Design guided visitors through the space with a lighting installation showing animating text, video and live data streams.
Subscribe:
Powerful LED Control – Made In Germany
LEDs have become a major highlight in today's lighting and entertainment industries. The MADRIX range of software and hardware products will help you use the full potential of this modern technology. Thanks to very intuitive controls, you have the right tools available to manage each of your projects and create stunning lighting effects. With MADRIX, you will quickly produce extraordinary results and amaze your audience every single time.
The MADRIX brand brings powerful and easy-to-use
LED lighting control solutions based on innovative software and hardware to the lighting market.
MADRIX is the LED lighting controller. It is a feature-rich and intuitive Windows software.
The application is both an effect generator and media server with outstanding capabilities to display unique real-time effects on your LEDs. Endless stunning and fully customizable visuals are created live for you using pixel mapping (2D), voxel mapping (3D), and the built-in graphics engine and rendering engine.
MADRIX supports many well-known industry standards for output, such as DMX512, DVI, Art-Net, Streaming ACN (E1.31), the Philips Color Kinetics (KiNET), Philips Hue, the Insta/ROBE protocols, Eurolite T9, ColourSmart Link, Colorlight A8, Colorlight 5A, and Colorlight T9. Art-Net, ASIO, DMX512, CITP, MA-Net, MIDI, Remote HTTP, Streaming ACN, Time Code, and more are available for audio and input.
The new MADRIX NEBULA directly connects to your LED pixels. This advanced SPI decoder receives control data over USB or Art-Net over Ethernet network and is built to provide excellent image quality. Supported LEDs are: APA101, APA102, APA104, APA106, GW6201, LPD6803, LPD8806, MBI6120, P9883, SK6812, SK6822, SM16703, SM16716, TLS3001, TLS3008, TM1804, TM1809, TM1812, TM1814, TM1829, UCS1903, UCS512B3, WS2801, WS2803, WS2811, WS2812, WS2812B, WS2813, WS2818, WS2822S, WS2822S Addressing.
MADRIX can be used alone, or along with any DMX/MIDI console or desk. Complementary MADRIX hardware reliably controls your LED installation via MADRIX–the centerpiece of our intuitive products. This provides a seamless integration of both software and hardware and high performance.
Download MADRIX:
Live Design Product Of The Year 2013-14
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Ankara | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:06 1 Etymology and names
00:04:16 2 Geography
00:04:26 2.1 Climate
00:05:55 2.2 Demographics
00:08:01 3 History
00:08:40 3.1 Ancient history
00:11:11 3.2 Celtic history
00:12:29 3.3 Roman history
00:17:22 3.4 Byzantine history
00:23:24 3.5 Turkic rulers
00:26:02 3.6 Turkish republican capital
00:29:20 3.7 Ecclesiastical history
00:35:27 3.7.1 Armenian Catholic (titular) see
00:36:42 3.7.2 Latin titular archbishopric
00:37:07 3.7.3 Saint Clement Church
00:37:48 4 Economy and infrastructure
00:40:50 4.1 Transportation
00:43:02 4.1.1 Ankara Public Transportation Statistics
00:44:06 5 Politics
00:48:01 6 Main sights
00:48:11 6.1 Ancient/archeological sites
00:48:22 6.1.1 Ankara Citadel
00:49:41 6.1.2 Roman Theatre
00:50:10 6.1.3 Temple of Augustus and Rome
00:51:24 6.1.4 Roman Baths
00:52:08 6.1.5 Roman Road
00:52:52 6.1.6 Column of Julian
00:53:16 6.2 Mosques
00:53:25 6.2.1 Kocatepe Mosque
00:53:58 6.2.2 Ahmet Hamdi Akseki Mosque
00:54:44 6.2.3 Yeni (Cenab Ahmet) Mosque
00:55:16 6.2.4 Hacı Bayram Mosque
00:56:22 6.2.5 Ahi Elvan Mosque
00:56:51 6.2.6 Alâeddin Mosque
00:57:38 6.3 Modern monuments
00:57:48 6.3.1 Victory Monument
00:58:27 6.3.2 Statue of Atatürk
00:59:00 6.3.3 Monument to a Secure, Confident Future
00:59:46 6.3.4 Hatti Monument
01:00:20 6.4 Inns
01:00:29 6.4.1 Suluhan
01:01:28 6.4.2 Çengelhan Rahmi Koç Museum
01:02:22 7 Shopping
01:05:33 8 Culture
01:05:42 8.1 The arts
01:06:18 8.1.1 Music
01:08:14 8.1.2 Theatre
01:08:46 8.2 Museums
01:09:00 8.2.1 Museum of Anatolian Civilizations
01:09:43 8.2.2 Anıtkabir
01:10:42 8.2.3 Ankara Ethnography Museum
01:11:37 8.2.4 State Art and Sculpture Museum
01:12:11 8.2.5 Cer Modern
01:12:58 8.2.6 War of Independence Museum
01:13:43 8.2.7 Mehmet Akif Literature Museum Library
01:14:15 8.2.8 TCDD Open Air Steam Locomotive Museum
01:14:39 8.2.9 Ankara Aviation Museum
01:15:46 8.2.10 METU Science and Technology Museum
01:16:12 8.3 Sports
01:19:51 9 Parks
01:22:12 10 Education
01:22:22 10.1 Universities
01:22:46 11 Fauna
01:22:55 11.1 Angora cat
01:25:03 11.2 Angora rabbit
01:26:43 11.3 Angora goat
01:29:04 12 Gallery
01:29:13 13 International relations
01:29:24 13.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:29:38 13.2 Partner cities
01:29:56 14 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7267613555313317
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Ankara (, also US: , Turkish: [ˈaŋkaɾa] (listen)), historically known as Ancyra () and Angora (, also US: ), is the capital of Turkey. With a population of 4,587,558 in the urban center (2014) and 5,150,072 in its province (2015), it is Turkey's second largest city after Istanbul (the former imperial capital), having outranked İzmir in the 20th century.
On 23 April 1920 the Grand National Assembly of Turkey was established in Ankara, which became the headquarters of Atatürk and the Turkish National Movement during the Turkish War of Independence. Ankara became the new Turkish capital upon the establishment of the Republic on 29 October 1923, succeeding in this role the former Turkish capital Istanbul (Constantinople) following the fall of the Ottoman Empire. The government is a prominent employer, but Ankara is also an important commercial and industrial city, located at the center of Turkey's road and railway networks. The city gave its name to the Angora wool shorn from Angora rabbits, the long-haired Angora goat (the source of mohair), and the Angora cat. The area is also known for its pears, honey and muscat grapes. Although situated in one of the driest places of Turkey and surrounded mostly by steppe vegetation except for the forested areas on the southern periphery, Ankara can be considered a green city in terms of green areas per inhabitant, at 72 square metres (775 square feet) per head.Ankara is a very old city with various Hittite, Phrygian, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, a ...
Turkey & Qatar - Bloomberg's Simin Demokan
Bloomberg's Simin Demokan speaks with Turkey's Deputy Prime Minister, Mehmet Simsek
Psişik | Türk Korku Filmi Tek Parça (HD)
Filmin yönetmen koltuğunda Mustafa Kara, senaryo koltuğunda Zafer Kaya oturuyor. Filmde aktarılan olaylar 2003 yılında Bursa'da yaşanan gerçek olaylara dayanmaktadır. Kişinin evine ve bahçesine yerleştirdiği gerçek kamera kayıtlarına bağlı kalınarak filmin çekimleri gerçekleştirildi.
Oyuncular:
Fevzi Altunbulak
Nuri Yiğit
Selami Taner
Maria Salifova
Yönetmen : Mustafa Kara
Senaryo : Zafer Kaya
Abone Olmak İçin Tıklayın:
Komedi Filmleri:
Dram Filmleri:
Yeşilçam Filmleri:
Aşk & Romantik Filmler:
Savaş & Tarihi Filmler:
Aksiyon Filmleri:
Korku Filmleri:
Jerry Springer's Ringmaster Paycheck Scene
Cyprus | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Cyprus
00:04:25 1 Etymology
00:05:39 2 History
00:05:48 2.1 Prehistoric and Ancient Cyprus
00:08:29 2.2 Middle Ages
00:11:05 2.3 Cyprus under the Ottoman Empire
00:14:21 2.4 Cyprus under the British Empire
00:19:29 2.5 Independence and inter-communal violence
00:22:47 2.6 1974 coup, Turkish invasion and division
00:25:11 2.7 Post-division
00:27:51 3 Geography
00:30:36 3.1 Climate
00:34:46 3.2 Water supply
00:36:30 4 Politics
00:39:18 4.1 Administrative divisions
00:39:37 4.2 Exclaves and enclaves
00:40:32 4.3 Foreign relations
00:41:27 4.4 Law, justice and human rights
00:43:43 4.5 Armed forces
00:44:43 5 Economy
00:48:50 5.1 Transport
00:51:00 5.2 Communications
00:51:35 6 Demographics
00:56:04 6.1 Functional urban areas
00:56:13 6.2 Religion
00:57:35 6.3 Languages
00:58:52 6.4 Education
01:00:39 7 Culture
01:01:55 7.1 Arts
01:04:19 7.2 Music
01:05:53 7.3 Literature
01:08:38 7.4 Mass media
01:10:20 7.5 Cinema
01:12:20 7.6 Cuisine
01:14:09 7.7 Sports
01:16:57 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Cyprus ( (listen); Greek: Κύπρος [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece.
The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains from this period include the well-preserved Neolithic village of Khirokitia, and Cyprus is home to some of the oldest water wells in the world. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. As a strategic location in the Middle East, it was subsequently occupied by several major powers, including the empires of the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, from whom the island was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great. Subsequent rule by Ptolemaic Egypt, the Classical and Eastern Roman Empire, Arab caliphates for a short period, the French Lusignan dynasty and the Venetians, was followed by over three centuries of Ottoman rule between 1571 and 1878 (de jure until 1914).Cyprus was placed under British administration based on the Cyprus Convention in 1878 and was formally annexed by Britain in 1914. While Turkish Cypriots made up 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an extension of Anatolia by them; while, since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus on 20 July, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus in the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established by unilateral declaration in 1983; the move was widely condemned by the international community, with Turkey alone recognizing the new state. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute.
The Republic of Cy ...
Cyprus | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Cyprus
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Cyprus ( (listen); Greek: Κύπρος [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece.
The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains from this period include the well-preserved Neolithic village of Khirokitia, and Cyprus is home to some of the oldest water wells in the world. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. As a strategic location in the Middle East, it was subsequently occupied by several major powers, including the empires of the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, from whom the island was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great. Subsequent rule by Ptolemaic Egypt, the Classical and Eastern Roman Empire, Arab caliphates for a short period, the French Lusignan dynasty and the Venetians, was followed by over three centuries of Ottoman rule between 1571 and 1878 (de jure until 1914).Cyprus was placed under British administration based on the Cyprus Convention in 1878 and was formally annexed by Britain in 1914. While Turkish Cypriots made up 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an extension of Anatolia by them; while, since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus on 20 July, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus in the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established by unilateral declaration in 1983; the move was widely condemned by the international community, with Turkey alone recognizing the new state. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute.
The Republic of Cyprus has de jure sovereignty over the entire island, including its territorial waters and exclusive economic zone, with the exception of the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, which remain under British control according to the London and Zürich Agreements. However, the Republic of Cyprus is de facto partitioned into two main parts: the area under the effective control of the Republic, located in the south and west, and comprising about 59% of the island's area; and the north, administered by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, covering about 36% of the island's area. Another nearly 4% of the island's area is covered by the UN buffer zone. The international community considers the northern part of the island as territory of the Republic of Cyprus occupied by Turkish forces. The occupation is viewed as illegal under international law, amounting to illegal occupation of EU territory since Cyprus became a member of the European Union.Cyprus is ...
Australia: Women's wrestling sexier than lesbian porn
Video ID: 20140523 044
M/S Women wrestling at Global Conflict tournament in Perth, Australia
W/S Women wrestling
SOT, Madison Eagles, Global Conflict wrestler (English): The thing I love about getting in the ring with women, wrestling any kind of woman, is it is almost as good as tying my man up in the bedroom. I like to be in control, you see. I like to be dominant.
M/S Wrestler Mercedes Martinez getting ready to compete
W/S Women wrestling
M/S Women wrestling
W/S Women wrestling
W/S Spectators
W/S Mercedes Martinez after fight
SOT, Global Conflict attendee (English): [It's] so hot to see them moving around. They're slamming into each other. It's sexier than lesbian porn.
W/S Announcer and woman in ring
W/S Spectators
W/S Man and women in ring
M/S Woman slapping man
M/S Man ringing bell
W/S Wrestlers at Global Conflict tournament in Perth, Australia
SCRIPT
Australia: Women's wrestling sexier than lesbian porn
The gloves were off Friday at the Cockburn Youth Centre in the Australian city of Perth, as six women duked it out in the ring at the Global Conflict tournament. One enthused spectator said watching the women wrestle is sexier than lesbian porn.
Competitor Madison Eagles said she enjoys wrestling women, because it is almost as good as tying my man up in the bedroom.
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Cyprus | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Cyprus
00:04:24 1 Etymology
00:05:37 2 History
00:05:46 2.1 Prehistoric and Ancient Cyprus
00:08:26 2.2 Middle Ages
00:11:02 2.3 Cyprus under the Ottoman Empire
00:14:17 2.4 Cyprus under the British Empire
00:19:23 2.5 Independence and inter-communal violence
00:22:40 2.6 1974 coup, Turkish invasion and division
00:25:04 2.7 Post-division
00:27:43 3 Geography
00:30:27 3.1 Climate
00:34:35 3.2 Water supply
00:36:18 4 Politics
00:39:07 4.1 Administrative divisions
00:39:26 4.2 Exclaves and enclaves
00:40:20 4.3 Foreign relations
00:41:14 4.4 Law, justice and human rights
00:43:31 4.5 Armed forces
00:44:30 5 Economy
00:48:35 5.1 Transport
00:50:45 5.2 Communications
00:51:21 6 Demographics
00:55:47 6.1 Functional urban areas
00:55:56 6.2 Religion
00:57:17 6.3 Languages
00:58:34 6.4 Education
01:00:21 7 Culture
01:01:36 7.1 Arts
01:04:01 7.2 Music
01:05:34 7.3 Literature
01:08:18 7.4 Mass media
01:10:00 7.5 Cinema
01:11:59 7.6 Cuisine
01:13:48 7.7 Sports
01:16:35 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Cyprus ( (listen); Greek: Κύπρος [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece.
The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains from this period include the well-preserved Neolithic village of Khirokitia, and Cyprus is home to some of the oldest water wells in the world. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. As a strategic location in the Middle East, it was subsequently occupied by several major powers, including the empires of the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, from whom the island was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great. Subsequent rule by Ptolemaic Egypt, the Classical and Eastern Roman Empire, Arab caliphates for a short period, the French Lusignan dynasty and the Venetians, was followed by over three centuries of Ottoman rule between 1571 and 1878 (de jure until 1914).Cyprus was placed under British administration based on the Cyprus Convention in 1878 and was formally annexed by Britain in 1914. While Turkish Cypriots made up 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an extension of Anatolia by them; while, since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus on 20 July, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus in the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established by unilateral declaration in 1983; the move was widely condemned by the international community, with Turkey alone recognizing the new state. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute.
The Republic of Cy ...
Lagos International Fashion Fair 2013
This exhibition is the best way for the exporters to find importers/distributors or expand their sales channels in Africa, a lucrative platform and an unmissable chance for its exclusive participants where all kind of ready-to-wear products will be exhibited to an audience of successful and aspirant entrepreneurs who have the motivation and capital to invest in new business ventures.
LAGOS FASHION 2013 International Fashion and Ready-to-Wear Garments Exhibition, is going to be organized in Eko Hotel New Exhibition Center, Victoria Island, Lagos / Nigeria in October 8-10, 2013.
Nigeria, with its largest population in Africa, and its fast growing and dynamic economy, is one of the future stars in the world which today attracts exporters and investors from all over the world. There is a huge demand for the fashion and ready-to-wear garment industries in the country which is unreluctant to trade all kind of products.
Lagos city, being the business hub of West Africa, is running today more than 50% of the overall Nigerian economy with its West African hinterland.
LAGOS FASHION 2013 welcomes its exhibitors and visitors in the best prestigious exhibition center of Lagos, EKO HOTEL NEW EXHIBITION CENTER with its high standard and first class venue.
Having the greatest business opportunities, LAGOS FASHION 2013 facilitiates its exhibitors meet with the following fashion and ready-to-wear garment industries professionals:
The exhibitors participating in the exhibition will have the chances to;
Benefit to meet with the Nigerian fashion and ready-to-wear garment industries professionals
Evaluate the Nigerian market and realize the possibilities of how to make business with Nigerian businessmen
See the possibilities of making contacts to export their products to Nigeria and establish direct investments, open factories or offices in Nigeria
The professionals visiting the exhibition will have the chances to;
See the best quality fashion and ready-to-wear garment industries products from all over the world
Meet directly with the professional managers, decision-makers from the fashion and ready-to-wear garment manufacturing countries
Directly discuss possibilities with the exhibitors
LAGOS FASHION 2013 is an event supported by the following authorities:
NACCIMA, Nigerian Association of Chambers of Commerce, Industry, Mines and Agriculture
Aleppo | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Aleppo
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Aleppo (; Arabic: ﺣَﻠَﺐ / ALA-LC: Ḥalab, IPA: [ˈħalab]) is a city in Syria, serving as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous Syrian governorate. With an official population of 4.6 million in 2010, Aleppo was the largest Syrian city before the Syrian Civil War; however, now Aleppo is probably the second-largest city in Syria after the capital Damascus.
Aleppo is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world; it may have been inhabited since the 6th millennium BC. Excavations at Tell as-Sawda and Tell al-Ansari, just south of the old city of Aleppo, show that the area was occupied by Amorites since at least the latter part of the 3rd millennium BC. This is also when Aleppo is first mentioned in cuneiform tablets unearthed in Ebla and Mesopotamia, in which it is a part of the Amorite state of Yamhad, and is noted for its commercial and military proficiency. Such a long history is attributed to its strategic location as a trading center midway between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia (i.e. modern Iraq).
For centuries, Aleppo was the largest city in the Syrian region, and the Ottoman Empire's third-largest after Constantinople and Cairo. The city's significance in history has been its location at one end of the Silk Road, which passed through central Asia and Mesopotamia. When the Suez Canal was inaugurated in 1869, trade was diverted to sea and Aleppo began its slow decline. At the fall of the Ottoman Empire after World War I, Aleppo ceded its northern hinterland to modern Turkey, as well as the important railway connecting it to Mosul. In the 1940s, it lost its main access to the sea, Antakya and İskenderun, also to Turkey. Finally, the isolation of Syria in the past few decades further exacerbated the situation. This decline may have helped to preserve the old city of Aleppo, its medieval architecture and traditional heritage. It won the title of the Islamic Capital of Culture 2006, and has had a wave of successful restorations of its historic landmarks. The Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016) occurred in the city during the Syrian Civil War, and many parts of the city suffered massive destruction. Affected parts of the city are currently undergoing reconstruction.
Cyprus | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Cyprus
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Cyprus ( (listen); Greek: Κύπρος [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece.
The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains from this period include the well-preserved Neolithic village of Khirokitia, and Cyprus is home to some of the oldest water wells in the world. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. As a strategic location in the Middle East, it was subsequently occupied by several major powers, including the empires of the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, from whom the island was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great. Subsequent rule by Ptolemaic Egypt, the Classical and Eastern Roman Empire, Arab caliphates for a short period, the French Lusignan dynasty and the Venetians, was followed by over three centuries of Ottoman rule between 1571 and 1878 (de jure until 1914).Cyprus was placed under British administration based on the Cyprus Convention in 1878 and was formally annexed by Britain in 1914. While Turkish Cypriots made up 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an extension of Anatolia by them; while, since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus on 20 July, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus in the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established by unilateral declaration in 1983; the move was widely condemned by the international community, with Turkey alone recognizing the new state. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute.
The Republic of Cyprus has de jure sovereignty over the entire island, including its territorial waters and exclusive economic zone, with the exception of the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, which remain under British control according to the London and Zürich Agreements. However, the Republic of Cyprus is de facto partitioned into two main parts: the area under the effective control of the Republic, located in the south and west, and comprising about 59% of the island's area; and the north, administered by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, covering about 36% of the island's area. Another nearly 4% of the island's area is covered by the UN buffer zone. The international community considers the northern part of the island as territory of the Republic of Cyprus occupied by Turkish forces. The occupation is viewed as illegal under international law, amounting to illegal occupation of EU territory since Cyprus became a member of the European Union.Cyprus is ...
Cyprus | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Cyprus
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Cyprus ( ( listen); Greek: Κύπρος [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece.
The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains from this period include the well-preserved Neolithic village of Khirokitia, and Cyprus is home to some of the oldest water wells in the world. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. As a strategic location in the Middle East, it was subsequently occupied by several major powers, including the empires of the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, from whom the island was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great. Subsequent rule by Ptolemaic Egypt, the Classical and Eastern Roman Empire, Arab caliphates for a short period, the French Lusignan dynasty and the Venetians, was followed by over three centuries of Ottoman rule between 1571 and 1878 (de jure until 1914).Cyprus was placed under British administration based on the Cyprus Convention in 1878 and was formally annexed by Britain in 1914. While Turkish Cypriots made up 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an extension of Anatolia by them; while, since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus on 20 July, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus in the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established by unilateral declaration in 1983; the move was widely condemned by the international community, with Turkey alone recognizing the new state. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute.
The Republic of Cyprus has de jure sovereignty over the entire island, including its territorial waters and exclusive economic zone, with the exception of the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, which remain under British control according to the London and Zürich Agreements. However, the Republic of Cyprus is de facto partitioned into two main parts: the area under the effective control of the Republic, located in the south and west, and comprising about 59% of the island's area; and the north, administered by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, covering about 36% of the island's area. Another nearly 4% of the island's area is covered by the UN buffer zone. The international community considers the northern part of the island as territory of the Republic of Cyprus occupied by Turkish forces. The occupation is viewed as illegal under international law, amounting to illegal occupation of EU territory since Cyprus became a member of the European Union.Cyprus is a major tourist destination in the Mediterranean. With an advanced, high ...
Aleppo | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:46 1 Etymology
00:04:52 2 History
00:05:01 2.1 Pre-history and pre-classical era
00:10:54 2.2 Classical antiquity
00:13:05 2.3 Ecclesiastical history
00:15:38 2.4 Medieval period
00:20:57 2.5 Ottoman era
00:27:47 2.6 French mandate
00:31:38 2.7 Post-independence
00:36:01 2.8 Syrian Civil War
00:41:22 3 Geography
00:43:31 3.1 Climate
00:44:29 3.2 Architecture
00:47:56 4 Demographics
00:48:06 4.1 History
00:52:06 4.2 Pre-civil war status
00:53:08 4.3 Muslims
00:54:16 4.4 Christians
00:56:42 4.5 Jews
00:59:11 4.6 Spoken languages
01:00:20 5 Culture
01:00:29 5.1 Art
01:02:17 5.2 Museums
01:02:59 5.3 Cuisine
01:05:42 5.4 Leisure and entertainment
01:07:09 5.5 Historical sites
01:07:18 5.5.1 Souqs and khans
01:08:53 5.5.2 Gates of Aleppo and other historic buildings
01:11:17 5.5.3 Places of worship
01:13:47 5.5.4 Hammams
01:14:46 5.6 Nearby attractions and the iDead Cities/i
01:16:46 6 Transportation
01:16:55 6.1 Buses and minibuses
01:17:20 6.2 Railway
01:18:50 6.3 Airport
01:19:44 7 Economy
01:19:53 7.1 Trade and industry
01:22:36 7.2 Construction
01:24:40 8 Education
01:26:03 9 Sport
01:28:02 10 Municipality and international relations
01:28:39 10.1 Subdivisions
01:29:10 10.2 Integrated Urban Development in Aleppo
01:30:37 10.3 Preservation of the ancient city
01:32:37 10.4 Twin towns/sister cities
01:33:07 11 Notable natives
01:33:17 12 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8523826208527766
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Aleppo (; Arabic: ﺣَﻠَﺐ / ALA-LC: Ḥalab, IPA: [ˈħalab]) is a city in Syria, serving as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous Syrian governorate. With an official population of 4.6 million in 2010, Aleppo was the largest Syrian city before the Syrian Civil War; however, now Aleppo is probably the second-largest city in Syria after the capital Damascus.
Aleppo is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world; it may have been inhabited since the 6th millennium BC. Excavations at Tell as-Sawda and Tell al-Ansari, just south of the old city of Aleppo, show that the area was occupied by Amorites since at least the latter part of the 3rd millennium BC. This is also when Aleppo is first mentioned in cuneiform tablets unearthed in Ebla and Mesopotamia, in which it is a part of the Amorite state of Yamhad, and is noted for its commercial and military proficiency. Such a long history is attributed to its strategic location as a trading center midway between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia.
For centuries, Aleppo was the largest city in the Syrian region, and the Ottoman Empire's third-largest after Constantinople and Cairo. The city's significance in history has been its location at one end of the Silk Road, which passed through Central Asia and Mesopotamia. When the Suez Canal was inaugurated in 1869, much trade was diverted to sea and Aleppo began its slow decline. At the fall of the Ottoman Empire after World War I, Aleppo lost its northern hinterland to modern Turkey, as well as the important Baghdad Railway connecting it to Mosul. In the 1940s, it lost its main access to the sea, Antakya and İskenderun, also to Turkey. Finally, the isolation of Syria in the past few decades further exacerbated the situation. This decline may have helped to preserve the old city of Aleppo, its medieval architecture and traditional heritage. It won the title of the Islamic Capital of Culture 2006, and has had a wave of successful restorations of its historic landmarks. The Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016) occurred in the city during the Syrian Civil War, and many parts of the city suffered massive destruction. Affected parts of the city are currently undergoing reconstruction.
Cyprus | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Cyprus
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Cyprus ( ( listen); Greek: Κύπρος [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece.
The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains from this period include the well-preserved Neolithic village of Khirokitia, and Cyprus is home to some of the oldest water wells in the world. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. As a strategic location in the Middle East, it was subsequently occupied by several major powers, including the empires of the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, from whom the island was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great. Subsequent rule by Ptolemaic Egypt, the Classical and Eastern Roman Empire, Arab caliphates for a short period, the French Lusignan dynasty and the Venetians, was followed by over three centuries of Ottoman rule between 1571 and 1878 (de jure until 1914).Cyprus was placed under British administration based on the Cyprus Convention in 1878 and was formally annexed by Britain in 1914. While Turkish Cypriots made up 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an extension of Anatolia by them; while, since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus on 20 July, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus in the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established by unilateral declaration in 1983; the move was widely condemned by the international community, with Turkey alone recognizing the new state. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute.
The Republic of Cyprus has de jure sovereignty over the entire island, including its territorial waters and exclusive economic zone, with the exception of the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, which remain under British control according to the London and Zürich Agreements. However, the Republic of Cyprus is de facto partitioned into two main parts: the area under the effective control of the Republic, located in the south and west, and comprising about 59% of the island's area; and the north, administered by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, covering about 36% of the island's area. Another nearly 4% of the island's area is covered by the UN buffer zone. The international community considers the northern part of the island as territory of the Republic of Cyprus occupied by Turkish forces. The occupation is viewed as illegal under international law, amounting to illegal occupation of EU territory since Cyprus became a member of the European Union.Cyprus is a major tourist destination in the Mediterranean. With an advanced, high ...
Istanbul | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:55 1 Toponymy
00:08:21 2 History
00:10:43 2.1 Rise and fall of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire
00:14:56 2.2 Ottoman Empire and Turkish Republic eras
00:23:29 3 Geography
00:26:56 3.1 Climate
00:31:21 3.1.1 Climate change
00:31:54 4 Cityscape
00:37:43 4.1 Architecture
00:41:11 5 Administration
00:45:43 6 Demographics
00:49:20 6.1 Religious and ethnic groups
00:53:47 7 Politics
00:57:35 8 Economy
01:03:31 9 Culture
01:07:44 9.1 Leisure and entertainment
01:11:32 10 Sports
01:16:38 11 Media
01:20:58 12 Education
01:25:53 13 Public services
01:30:59 14 Transportation
01:38:20 15 Sister and twin cities
01:38:34 16 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7218597290188826
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Istanbul (UK: , or US: or ; Turkish: İstanbul [isˈtanbuɫ] (listen)), formerly known as Byzantium and Constantinople, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosporus strait (which separates Europe and Asia) between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives in suburbs on the Asian side of the Bosporus. With a total population of around 15 million residents in its metropolitan area, Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities, ranking as the world's fourth largest city proper and the largest European city. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province). Istanbul is viewed as a bridge between the East and West.
Founded under the name of Byzantion (Βυζάντιον) on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city grew in size and influence, becoming one of the most important cities in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman/Byzantine (330–1204), Latin (1204–1261), Palaiologos Byzantine (1261–1453) and Ottoman (1453–1922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 CE and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.The city's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace. While Ankara was chosen instead as the new Turkish capital after the Turkish War of Independence, and the city's name was changed to Istanbul, the city has maintained its prominence in geopolitical and cultural affairs. The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Arts, music, film, and cultural festivals were established towards the end of the 20th century and continue to be hosted by the city today. Infrastructure improvements have produced a complex transportation network in the city.
Approximately 12.56 million foreign visitors arrived in Istanbul in 2015, five years after it was named a European Capital of Culture, making the city the world's fifth most popular tourist destination. The city's biggest attraction is its historic center, partially listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and its cultural and entertainment hub is across the city's natural harbor, the Golden Horn, in the Beyoğlu district. Considered a global city, Istanbul has one of the fastest-growing metropolitan economies in the world. It hosts the headquarters of many Turkish companies and media outlets and accounts for more than a quarter of the country's gross domestic product. Hoping to capitalize on its rev ...
Istanbul | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Istanbul
00:03:16 1 Toponymy
00:07:33 2 History
00:09:32 2.1 Rise and fall of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire
00:13:10 2.2 Ottoman Empire and Turkish Republic eras
00:20:20 3 Geography
00:23:13 3.1 Climate
00:26:55 3.1.1 Climate change
00:27:25 4 Cityscape
00:32:20 4.1 Architecture
00:35:15 5 Administration
00:39:02 6 Demographics
00:42:04 6.1 Religious and ethnic groups
00:45:48 7 Politics
00:49:03 8 Economy
00:54:02 9 Culture
00:57:36 9.1 Leisure and entertainment
01:00:48 10 Sports
01:05:00 11 Media
01:08:48 12 Education
01:13:00 13 Public services
01:17:19 14 Transportation
01:23:44 15 Sister and twin cities
01:23:57 16 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Istanbul (UK: , or US: or ; Turkish: İstanbul [isˈtanbuɫ] (listen)), historically known as Byzantium and before 1924 as Constantinople, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosporus strait (which separates Europe and Asia) between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side.
The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 15 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as the world's fourth-largest city proper and the largest European city. Istanbul is viewed as a bridge between the East and West.
Founded under the name of Byzantion (Βυζάντιον) on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city grew in size and influence, becoming one of the most important cities in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman/Byzantine (330–1204), Latin (1204–1261), Palaiologos Byzantine (1261–1453) and Ottoman (1453–1922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 CE and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.The city's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace. While Ankara was chosen instead as the new Turkish capital after the Turkish War of Independence, and the city's name was changed to Istanbul, the city has maintained its prominence in geopolitical and cultural affairs. The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Arts, music, film, and cultural festivals were established towards the end of the 20th century and continue to be hosted by the city today. Infrastructure improvements have produced a complex transportation network in the city.
Approximately 12.56 million foreign visitors arrived in Istanbul in 2015, five years after it was named a European Capital of Culture, making the city the world's fifth most popular tourist destination. The city's biggest attraction is its historic center, partially listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and its cultural and entertainment hub can be found across the city's natural harbor, the Golden Horn, in the Beyoğlu district. Considered a global city, Istanbul has one of the fastest-growing metropolitan economies in the world. It hosts the headquarters of many Turkish companies and media outlets and accounts for more than a quarter of the country's gross domestic product. Hoping to capitalize on its revitalization and rapid expansion, Istanbul has bid for the Summer Olympics five times in twenty years.
Cyprus | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Cyprus
00:04:24 1 Etymology
00:05:37 2 History
00:05:46 2.1 Prehistoric and Ancient Cyprus
00:08:26 2.2 Middle Ages
00:11:02 2.3 Cyprus under the Ottoman Empire
00:14:17 2.4 Cyprus under the British Empire
00:19:23 2.5 Independence and inter-communal violence
00:22:40 2.6 1974 coup, Turkish invasion and division
00:25:04 2.7 Post-division
00:27:43 3 Geography
00:30:27 3.1 Climate
00:34:35 3.2 Water supply
00:36:18 4 Politics
00:39:07 4.1 Administrative divisions
00:39:26 4.2 Exclaves and enclaves
00:40:20 4.3 Foreign relations
00:41:14 4.4 Law, justice and human rights
00:43:31 4.5 Armed forces
00:44:30 5 Economy
00:48:35 5.1 Transport
00:50:45 5.2 Communications
00:51:21 6 Demographics
00:55:47 6.1 Functional urban areas
00:55:56 6.2 Religion
00:57:17 6.3 Languages
00:58:34 6.4 Education
01:00:21 7 Culture
01:01:36 7.1 Arts
01:04:01 7.2 Music
01:05:34 7.3 Literature
01:08:18 7.4 Mass media
01:10:00 7.5 Cinema
01:11:59 7.6 Cuisine
01:13:48 7.7 Sports
01:16:35 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Cyprus ( (listen); Greek: Κύπρος [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece.
The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains from this period include the well-preserved Neolithic village of Khirokitia, and Cyprus is home to some of the oldest water wells in the world. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. As a strategic location in the Middle East, it was subsequently occupied by several major powers, including the empires of the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, from whom the island was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great. Subsequent rule by Ptolemaic Egypt, the Classical and Eastern Roman Empire, Arab caliphates for a short period, the French Lusignan dynasty and the Venetians, was followed by over three centuries of Ottoman rule between 1571 and 1878 (de jure until 1914).Cyprus was placed under British administration based on the Cyprus Convention in 1878 and was formally annexed by Britain in 1914. While Turkish Cypriots made up 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an extension of Anatolia by them; while, since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus on 20 July, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus in the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established by unilateral declaration in 1983; the move was widely condemned by the international community, with Turkey alone recognizing the new state. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute.
The Republic of Cy ...