Aboriginal Bush Traders

Macassar debate

Archaeologists have uncovered evidence that suggests contact between Aboriginies and Macassan seafarers could have happened hundreds of years earlier than previously thought.

Bush Tucker Man: Top End

© Australian Broadcasting Corporation

Darwin and Kakadu Travel Video

A travel video blog through the Australian Bush. Sit back and check out what the beautiful land of Australia has to offer.

It's Our Territory - Northern Territory Australia

Northern Territory Song.

Great inspiring original song and video. It's Our Territory - Northern Territory Australia (NT). The Northern Territory is a federal territory of Australia, occupying much of the center of the mainland continent, as well as the central northern regions. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west, South Australia to the south, and Queensland to the east. To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area, over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi) - making it the third largest Australian federal division - it is sparsely populated. With a population of 215,000, it is the least populous division in the country.

The history of the Northern Territory began over 40,000 years ago when Indigenous Australians settled the region. Makassan traders began trading with the indigenous people of the Northern Territory for trepang from at least the 18th century onwards, and possibly for 300 years prior to that, while the coast of the Territory was first seen by Europeans in the 17th century. The British were the first to attempt to settle the coastal regions of the Territory in the 19th century; however no attempt was successful until the establishment of a settlement at Port Darwin in 1869. Today the economy is based on tourism, especially Kakadu National Park in the Top End and the Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park in central Australia, and mining. The capital city is Darwin. Perhaps unusually when compared with Australia's states, the population is not concentrated in coastal regions, but rather along the Stuart Highway. The other major settlements are Katherine, Alice Springs, Tennant Creek and Nhulunbuy in the territory's north-east.
Residents of the Northern Territory are often known simply as 'Territorians'. Tourism is one of the major industries on the Northern Territory. Iconic destinations such as Uluru and Kakadu make the Northern Territory a popular tourist destination for domestic and international travellers. Diverse landscapes, spectacular waterfalls, wide open spaces, aboriginal culture, wild and untamed wildlife, all create a unique opportunity for the visitor to immerse themselves in the natural wonder land that the Northern Territory offers. Images of Uluru (Ayers Rock) are recognized around the world ensuring that Tourism in the Northern Territory will remain a vital component of its future. Indigenous Australian people make up 31 per cent of the Northern Territory's population and own some 49% of the land. Aboriginal communities in many parts of the territory, the largest ones being the Pitjantjatjara near Uluru, the Arrernte near Alice Springs, the Luritja between those two, the Warlpiri further north, and the Yolngu in eastern Arnhem Land.

Author of the song's website at

It's Our Territory' - © Peter Barnes 1996 - 2019. All Rights Reserved. All content remains the property of the respective copyright holders. All logos and trademarks are the registered trademarks of the respective trademark owners.

Northern Territory Song - NT song - Northern Territory Australia.

Flag Raising Ceremony at Kulaluk 1999

A stingray is prepared for a feast as people gather in a hidden bush camp in the suburbs of Darwin, the capital of the Northern Territory of Australia. A year earlier an elder died fighting for the rights of Aboriginal people camped on vacant land throughout the city [see Youtube “Bob Bunduwabi a Martyr for his People, Parts 1 & 2]. A torn and faded flag at the camp is a reminder of the deceased elder. The ceremony is based on mast-raising rituals of old Macassan [Indonesian] traders that visited the northern shores of the continent in past centuries to fish and trade with the indigenous people, particularly the Yolngu people of Northeast Arnhem Land.
The ceremony begins with traditional songs to clap sticks and yidaki [didgeridoo] performed by men from Maningrida and Ramingining. People paint themselves with white ochre clay representing mourning. The brother of the deceased man then takes down the old tattered flag and gives it to a woman relative to be burnt. People wail because the old flag represents the deceased man. The new bamboo flag pole is then ritually prepared and the new flag attached to the pole as Macassan chants are sung by the lead singer, Charlie Lathulu Yunypingu. Charlie is the keeper of a chant made supposedly in Macassan language, learned from his grandfather and passed down the generations, incorporated into a uniquely Yolngu ceremony. Women mime in a dance and gaze into the distance representing actors in the drama.
Rain interrupts the ceremony and participants move into a rough shelter at the camp. Once the flag is attached, Charlie loudly chants his grandfather’s song in a foreign language. Unfortunately the sound is not good. The pole is then raised to further chants, representing the raising of the Macassan prau fishing boats’ masts in preparation for the return journey to the islands. Similarly the raising of the pole represents the departure of the deceased man’s spirit to another realm. Family console each other and weep at the flag pole. Maningrida men dance to their Diama [cockle] Song in tribute to the man now known as “Gojok” [his classificatory name]. The ceremony is over and the new flag flies triumphantly.
This film is a copy of a VHS tape filmed by Stella Smith at Fish Camp on the 301 hectare Kulaluk lease in Darwin NT in 1999 and uploaded to Youtube by Dr Bill Day in July 2016.

Larrimah Pink Panther Hotel, Larrimah, NT

The Larrimah Pink Panther Hotel lies almost 500km south of Darwin, NT.

It took it's quirky name from the Pink Panther stuffed toy placed out the front of a small lake which formed when a leak on the driveway was not repaired by council.

The pub features pink walls, a small wildlife enclosure with crocodiles out the back and a claim to the highest bar in the Northern Territory.

Don't miss their Esky races in October.

Cave Hill Reserve

The ancient rock shelter at Cave Hill Nature Reserve in the Western Australian goldfields

A traditional welcome to Kakadu, Northern Territory, Australia

Mandy Muir dons the Hat Yak hat to talk about her mother's country and to issue a welcome in her local language.
See Mandy standing beside Home Billabong on Yellow Waters, near Cooinda. Hear her talk about her family's strong link to the country. As its traditional owners they work as rangers and in tourism to protect and share the land in this special area in Kakadu National Park.

Tasty Breakfast - Spanish Omelette - Roothy Bush Cooking

This is an awesome recipe to kick start the day with, or even to have as a light lunch. The Chorizo adds great flavor to any dish; Spanish & Portuguese Chorizo get their smokiness and deep red color from dried smoked red peppers, the Mexican chorizo is usually made with native chili peppers. Don't forget the healthy green and red stuff either, they ad great texture and look pretty good to.










*******************************************************************
Back with more Wild Cooking,Camp Oven Chicken Stew: Bush Cook'n,CREEK FISHING & SOME TIPS FOR BROOK TROUT!,All 4 Adventure - WAECO Bush Cooking: Camp Oven Pizza,All 4 Adventure - WAECO Bush Cooking: Seafood Mornay,Ballistic Squid & Stampy - Barely Cooking Contest,Fish and Termite Curry: Bush Cook'n,Sean's squirrel hunt & Brunswick Stew,River fishing and cooking over the fire,Cooking Fish Bushcraft Style,Episode 15 Bloopers and Extra Bits,COFFEE, BANNOCK & STEAK ON A SNOWY, COLD WINTER DAY!,All 4 Adventure - Darwin Reef & Wreck tip,All 4 Adventure - Bush Cooking with Jase: Rosella Jam & Damper,beach cooking,Flaming Hot Pork Roast: Bush Cook'n,Here are some of my other favorite youtubers and their videos!,All 4 Adventure - WAECO Bush Cooking: Apple Crumble,Wild Cooking And Fishing Experiment,Broccoli Ricotta Pasta: Bush Cook'n,WINTER BUSH COOKING!,COOKING A SIMPLE BREAKFAST IN THE BUSH!,How To Cook Like Heston S01E01 Beef,All 4 Adventure - Curried Sausage,Upside-Down Fruity Butter Cake: Bush Cook'n,All 4 Adventure - WAECO Bush Cooking: Barramundi Stir-fry,Lemon Scones: Bush Cook'n,Beagle Gulf Beer Battered Fish: Bush Cook'n,Savoury Beer Bread,Pancakes: Bush Cook'n,Spaghetti Fritters: Bush Cook'n,All 4 Adventure - WAECO Bush Cooking: Roast beef,Reef Fish Stir Fry: Bush Cook'n,White Wine Fish Mornay: Bush Cook'n,Crumbed Jurassic Oysters: Bush Cook'n,Camp Oven Chocolate Pie: Bush Cook'n,Bushcraft breakfast primitive style cooking,Bush Cooking: Southern Style Fried Chicken,Another Bushcraft Breakfast (Read the Description Box),Tagged. Bushcraft breakfast,Bushcraft cooking. Bannock bread,Bush Cooking, Beef Stroganoff,Bushcraft primitive cooking-fish,Bush Tucker Man Season 1 The Wet in Port Keats,The Aboriginal Cook and the Chef: Kimberley Camp Oven Stew,Bush Tucker Man Season 1 Aurukun,Bush Tucker Man - Arnhem Land part 1 of 3,Radio comms in 4x4 vehicle convoys,Bush Tucker Man - Northern Territory part 1 of 3,Bush Tucker Man - Cape York part 1 of 3,Bush Tucker Man - Arnhem Land part 2 of 3,Easy Vanilla Coconut Cake - Bush Cookin',All 4 Adventure - WAECO Bush Cooking: Beef Stir-Fry,Bush Cooking with Jase from All 4 Adventure: Pork Stir-fry,Nummus: a cold-cooking fish recipe - Bush Cookin',Spinach & Feta Eggs - Bush Cookin',Why Jase does all the cooking,Wilderness Cooking | Eggs and Biscuits,Wilderness Cooking..Venison Doe Kebabs,Campfire Cooking - A Typical Morning Meal -,Carved Spoons & A Viking Candle,Bushcraft Cooking- Catfish,Catch & Cook: Barrkara (Bush Turkey),Great Depression Cooking - Baked Apples,4WD Action - 124 Roothy's Cooking,How to Cook a Camp Oven Stew,The ultimate camp roast recipe - Cooking Guides - BCF,4WD Action 110 DVD - Cooking Risoles in the bush,Roast A Whole Chicken At Camp! / Outdoor Cooking / Zebra Billy Can Bush Pot / Firebox Stove,Damper cooked in the Ashes of the Campfire,SIMPLE CAMP COOKING, SCRAMBLED EGG TACOS FOR BREAKFAST at the WRC 2014,4WD Action - 123 Roothy's Cooking,Brandied Bananas: an easy camp dessert - Bush Cookin',All 4 Adventure - Spot lights: EFS Tip of the week,4WD Action 112 DVD - cooking bush fried rice,Bush Cooking with Jase from All 4 Adventure: Corn Fritters,4WD Action DVD 111 - Cooking a bush curry.,Seagull Cook Pot Review,Cast Iron Cooking Cowboy Breakfast,Canteen cup beef stew,Bushcraft Cooking 5: Rabbit Stew,Bush cooking: Crocodile tortillas,Apple sour cream pie: Bush Cook'n,Bacon Onion Rings by the BBQ Pit Boys,How to Make Mozzarella Sticks | T.G.I. Fridays | Get the Dish

Tuvalu | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tuvalu

Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.


You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:


In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.



SUMMARY
=======
Tuvalu ( ( listen) too-VAH-loo or TOO-və-loo), formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian island country located in the Pacific Ocean, situated in Oceania, about midway between Hawaii and Australia. It lies east-northeast of the Santa Cruz Islands (belonging to the Solomons), southeast of Nauru, south of Kiribati, west of Tokelau, northwest of Samoa and Wallis and Futuna and north of Fiji. It comprises three reef islands and six true atolls spread out between the latitude of 5° to 10° south and longitude of 176° to 180°, west of the International Date Line. Tuvalu has a population of 10,640 (2012 census). The total land area of the islands of Tuvalu is 26 square kilometres (10 sq mi).
The first inhabitants of Tuvalu were Polynesians. The pattern of settlement that is believed to have occurred is that the Polynesians spread out from Samoa and Tonga into the Tuvaluan atolls, with Tuvalu providing a stepping stone to migration into the Polynesian Outlier communities in Melanesia and Micronesia.
In 1568, Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to sail through the archipelago, sighting the island of Nui during his expedition in search of Terra Australis. The island of Funafuti was named Ellice's Island in 1819; the name Ellice was applied to all nine islands after the work of English hydrographer Alexander George Findlay. The Ellice Islands came into Great Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century, as the result of a treaty between Great Britain and Germany relating to the demarcation of the spheres of influence in the Pacific Ocean. Each of the Ellice Islands was declared a British Protectorate by Captain Gibson of HMS Curacoa between 9 and 16 October 1892. The Ellice Islands were administered as a British protectorate by a Resident Commissioner from 1892 to 1916, as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT), and then as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony from 1916 to 1976.
A referendum was held in December 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration. As a consequence of the referendum, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony ceased to exist on 1 January 1976, and the separate British colonies of Kiribati and Tuvalu came into existence. Tuvalu became fully independent within the Commonwealth on 1 October 1978. On 5 September 2000, Tuvalu became the 189th member of the United Nations.

Tuvalu | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tuvalu

Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.


You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:


In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.



SUMMARY
=======
Tuvalu ( ( listen) too-VAH-loo or TOO-və-loo), formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian island country located in the Pacific Ocean, situated in Oceania, about midway between Hawaii and Australia. It lies east-northeast of the Santa Cruz Islands (belonging to the Solomons), southeast of Nauru, south of Kiribati, west of Tokelau, northwest of Samoa and Wallis and Futuna and north of Fiji. It comprises three reef islands and six true atolls spread out between the latitude of 5° to 10° south and longitude of 176° to 180°, west of the International Date Line. Tuvalu has a population of 10,640 (2012 census). The total land area of the islands of Tuvalu is 26 square kilometres (10 sq mi).
The first inhabitants of Tuvalu were Polynesians. The pattern of settlement that is believed to have occurred is that the Polynesians spread out from Samoa and Tonga into the Tuvaluan atolls, with Tuvalu providing a stepping stone to migration into the Polynesian Outlier communities in Melanesia and Micronesia.
In 1568, Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to sail through the archipelago, sighting the island of Nui during his expedition in search of Terra Australis. The island of Funafuti was named Ellice's Island in 1819; the name Ellice was applied to all nine islands after the work of English hydrographer Alexander George Findlay. The Ellice Islands came into Great Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century, as the result of a treaty between Great Britain and Germany relating to the demarcation of the spheres of influence in the Pacific Ocean. Each of the Ellice Islands was declared a British Protectorate by Captain Gibson of HMS Curacoa between 9 and 16 October 1892. The Ellice Islands were administered as a British protectorate by a Resident Commissioner from 1892 to 1916, as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT), and then as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony from 1916 to 1976.
A referendum was held in December 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration. As a consequence of the referendum, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony ceased to exist on 1 January 1976, and the separate British colonies of Kiribati and Tuvalu came into existence. Tuvalu became fully independent within the Commonwealth on 1 October 1978. On 5 September 2000, Tuvalu became the 189th member of the United Nations.

Tuvalu | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tuvalu

Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:


You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:




The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
Tuvalu ( (listen) too-VAH-loo or TOO-və-loo), formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian island country located in the Pacific Ocean, situated in Oceania, about midway between Hawaii and Australia. It lies east-northeast of the Santa Cruz Islands (belonging to the Solomons), southeast of Nauru, south of Kiribati, west of Tokelau, northwest of Samoa and Wallis and Futuna and north of Fiji. It comprises three reef islands and six true atolls spread out between the latitude of 5° to 10° south and longitude of 176° to 180°, west of the International Date Line. Tuvalu has a population of 10,640 (2012 census). The total land area of the islands of Tuvalu is 26 square kilometres (10 sq mi).
The first inhabitants of Tuvalu were Polynesians. The pattern of settlement that is believed to have occurred is that the Polynesians spread out from Samoa and Tonga into the Tuvaluan atolls, with Tuvalu providing a stepping stone to migration into the Polynesian Outlier communities in Melanesia and Micronesia.
In 1568, Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to sail through the archipelago, sighting the island of Nui during his expedition in search of Terra Australis. The island of Funafuti was named Ellice's Island in 1819; the name Ellice was applied to all nine islands after the work of English hydrographer Alexander George Findlay. The Ellice Islands came into Great Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century, as the result of a treaty between Great Britain and Germany relating to the demarcation of the spheres of influence in the Pacific Ocean. Each of the Ellice Islands was declared a British Protectorate by Captain Gibson of HMS Curacoa between 9 and 16 October 1892. The Ellice Islands were administered as a British protectorate by a Resident Commissioner from 1892 to 1916, as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT), and then as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony from 1916 to 1976.
A referendum was held in December 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration. As a consequence of the referendum, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony ceased to exist on 1 January 1976, and the separate British colonies of Kiribati and Tuvalu came into existence. Tuvalu became fully independent within the Commonwealth on 1 October 1978. On 5 September 2000, Tuvalu became the 189th member of the United Nations.

Lake Eyre and the Water of Life

Australian outback is dry. Water is vital and precious. It’s scarce out there. Most years see very little rainfall. Survival is a challenge. Life is tough.
But about every twenty-five years or so, cyclones and heavy rains in Queensland and Northern Australia, send floodwaters on a 1,000km journey south to nearby Lake Eyre, which on the rare occasions that it fills is the largest lake in Australia. As the water flows across the flood plains and fills Lake Eyre, it transforms the area and sparks a greening of the desert. It brings life and vitality to one of the driest and most inhospitable places on earth. The area just comes alive. Unlike the water that flows into Lake Eyre, that only comes fully every 25 years or so, and even then is soon gone, this program will reveal to us the living water that will satisfy forever, quench our thirst forever, satisfy our soul and lead us into eternal life.

tij.tv
Facebook.com/TheIncredibleJourneyMinistry

Tuvalu | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:



00:03:26 1 History
00:03:35 1.1 Pre-history
00:05:12 1.2 Early contacts with other cultures
00:11:16 1.3 Trading firms and traders
00:13:44 1.4 Scientific expeditions and travellers
00:17:43 1.5 Colonial administration
00:18:23 1.6 Second World War
00:20:31 1.7 Post-World War II – transition to independence
00:22:54 2 Government
00:23:03 2.1 Parliamentary democracy
00:26:17 2.2 Legal system
00:28:16 2.3 Foreign relations
00:34:41 2.4 Defence and law enforcement
00:36:03 2.5 Administrative divisions
00:37:58 3 Society
00:38:07 3.1 Demographics
00:42:33 3.2 Languages
00:43:54 3.3 Religion
00:45:58 3.4 Health
00:46:09 3.5 Education
00:49:29 4 Culture
00:49:38 4.1 Architecture
00:51:04 4.2 Art of Tuvalu
00:52:27 4.3 Dance and music
00:53:12 4.4 Cuisine
00:54:42 4.5 Heritage
00:56:13 5 Sport and leisure
01:00:35 6 Economy and government services
01:00:46 6.1 Economy
01:08:49 6.2 Tourism
01:10:18 6.3 Telecommunications and media
01:12:14 6.4 Transport
01:14:20 7 Geography and environment
01:14:31 7.1 Geography
01:17:05 7.2 Climate
01:19:36 7.3 Environmental pressures
01:23:43 7.4 Water and sanitation
01:26:29 8 Cyclones and king tides
01:26:39 8.1 Cyclones
01:31:18 8.2 King tides
01:32:07 9 Impact of climate change
01:32:18 9.1 Challenges Tuvalu faces as a result of climate change
01:38:08 9.2 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP21)
01:40:21 10 Filmography and bibliography
01:40:36 11 See also



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:

Other Wikipedia audio articles at:

Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:

Speaking Rate: 0.8129852054122678
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C


I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
Tuvalu ( (listen) too-VAH-loo or TOO-və-loo), formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian island country located in the Pacific Ocean, situated in Oceania, about midway between Hawaii and Australia. It lies east-northeast of the Santa Cruz Islands (belonging to the Solomons), southeast of Nauru, south of Kiribati, west of Tokelau, northwest of Samoa and Wallis and Futuna and north of Fiji. It comprises three reef islands and six true atolls spread out between the latitude of 5° to 10° south and longitude of 176° to 180°, west of the International Date Line. Tuvalu has a population of 10,640 (2012 census). The total land area of the islands of Tuvalu is 26 square kilometres (10 sq mi).
The first inhabitants of Tuvalu were Polynesians. The pattern of settlement that is believed to have occurred is that the Polynesians spread out from Samoa and Tonga into the Tuvaluan atolls, with Tuvalu providing a stepping stone to migration into the Polynesian Outlier communities in Melanesia and Micronesia.
In 1568, Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to sail through the archipelago, sighting the island of Nui during his expedition in search of Terra Australis. The island of Funafuti was named Ellice's Island in 1819; the name Ellice was applied to all nine islands after the work of English hydrographer Alexander George Findlay. The Ellice Islands came into Great Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century, as the result of a treaty between Great Britain and Germany relating to the demarcation of the spheres of influence in the Pacific Ocean. Each of the Ellice Islands was declared a British Protectorate by Captain Gibson of HMS Curacoa between 9 and 16 October 1892. The Ellice Islands were administered as a British protectorate by a Resident Commissioner from 1892 to 1916, as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT), and then as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony from 1916 to 1976.
A referendum was held in December 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration. As a consequence of the referendum, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony ceased to exist on 1 January 1976, and the separate British colonies of Kiribati and Tuvalu came into existence. Tuvalu became fu ...

Tuvalu | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tuvalu

Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.


You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:


In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.



SUMMARY
=======
Tuvalu ( ( listen) too-VAH-loo or TOO-və-loo), formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian island country located in the Pacific Ocean, situated in Oceania, about midway between Hawaii and Australia. It lies east-northeast of the Santa Cruz Islands (belonging to the Solomons), southeast of Nauru, south of Kiribati, west of Tokelau, northwest of Samoa and Wallis and Futuna and north of Fiji. It comprises three reef islands and six true atolls spread out between the latitude of 5° to 10° south and longitude of 176° to 180°, west of the International Date Line. Tuvalu has a population of 10,640 (2012 census). The total land area of the islands of Tuvalu is 26 square kilometres (10 sq mi).
The first inhabitants of Tuvalu were Polynesians. The pattern of settlement that is believed to have occurred is that the Polynesians spread out from Samoa and Tonga into the Tuvaluan atolls, with Tuvalu providing a stepping stone to migration into the Polynesian Outlier communities in Melanesia and Micronesia.
In 1568, Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to sail through the archipelago, sighting the island of Nui during his expedition in search of Terra Australis. The island of Funafuti was named Ellice's Island in 1819; the name Ellice was applied to all nine islands after the work of English hydrographer Alexander George Findlay. The Ellice Islands came into Great Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century, as the result of a treaty between Great Britain and Germany relating to the demarcation of the spheres of influence in the Pacific Ocean. Each of the Ellice Islands was declared a British Protectorate by Captain Gibson of HMS Curacoa between 9 and 16 October 1892. The Ellice Islands were administered as a British protectorate by a Resident Commissioner from 1892 to 1916, as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT), and then as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony from 1916 to 1976.
A referendum was held in December 1974 to determine whether the Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands should each have their own administration. As a consequence of the referendum, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony ceased to exist on 1 January 1976, and the separate British colonies of Kiribati and Tuvalu came into existence. Tuvalu became fully independent within the Commonwealth on 1 October 1978. On 5 September 2000, Tuvalu became the 189th member of the United Nations.

KUTCHA EDWARDS Two Worlds - 2005 Antenna Awards Performance

Way back at the 2005 Antenna Awards, legendary Indigenous musician Kutcha Edwards kicked off the night with a beautiful live performance of his song Two Worlds.

======================================================

Beginning in 2004, The Antenna Awards recognise the best community television programming from across Australia. These awards celebrate Australia's diversity and bring together the best new talent from a wide range of communities and cultures, interests and perspectives.


-Best Comedy Program - The Shambles, Nathan Valvo & Sean Lynch
-Best Drama Program - The Video Store, Sam Barrett & Adrian Mcfarlane
-Best Arts Program - Gallery Watch, Tibor Meszaros
-Best Music Program - Turkish Star Australia, Ses Promotions
-Best Variety Program - Get Up Tucked, Ricarp Productions
-Best News/Current Affairs Program - The Sauce, Alison Murphy & Natasha Duckett
-Best Interview Program - Ro Tv, Curtin University & Rotary Wa
-Best Sports Program - The Hockey Show, Dan Miles & Hugh Jellie
-Best Panel Program - No Limits, Sarah Barton
-Best Live / Outside Broadcast Program - Carols In The Park, Dean Gray & Peter Wood (Videoworks)
-Best Indigenous Program - Beyond Their Limits, Paul Deeming & Chris Bayley
-Best Children's Program - Hello Music, Karen Kim
-Best Youth Program - Teenwire, Simon Hydzik & Glenn Clarke
-Best Living & Learning Program - End To End - Lawn Bowls In Wa, Allan Blair & Simon Hydzik
-Best Culturally & Linguistically Diverse Program - Salam Café, Ahmed Hassan
-Best Faith Based & Spiritual Development Program - Salam Café, Ahmed Hassan
-Best Sound - Plug-In, Simon Moule & Salvador Castro
-Best Camerawork - Citylife, Anthony Abicair
-Best Editing - Plug-In, Simon Moule & Salvador Castro
-Best Music Composition - The C Word 31 Song, Nicky Bomba
-Best Director - The Shambles, Nathan Valvo, Sean Lynch & Anthony Ziella
-Best Program Id/Main Title/Promo - The Sauce (Promo), Alison Murphy & Natasha Duckett
-Best Sponsorship Announcement - Acland St Traders Association, Graham C Irwin
-Best Program That Supports Local Metropolitan Communities - Get Up Tucked, Ricarp Productions
-Best Program That Supports Local Rural And Regional Communities - Exmouth On Show, Anita Krsnik & Michael Zampogna
-Best New Producer - Simon Christie & Miranda Christie, 4wd Tv
-Best Female Presenter - Krystal Manson, This Town Brisbane
-Best Male Presenter - Dieter Kahsnitz, The C Word
-Viewer's Choice Award - 4wd Tv, Simon Christie & Miranda Christie
-Producer Of The Year - Campbell Manderson, Debra Weddall & Jacinta Hicken, The Activist Awards
-Program Of The Year - No Limits, Sarah Barton

Waltzing Matilda and The Sunshine Harvester Factory

The early history of the Arbitration Court, the Australian minimum wage, working hours and paid leave. More information about the book this film is based on can be found at fwc.gov.au/waltzing-matilda-and-the-sunshine-harvester-factory.

Fire in carpark

NT Bushfire backburning