The Prehistoric Settlement of Skarkos 2018, Ios Island, Greece
Welcome to Ios, one of the Cyclades Islands! Today most visitors come to the Cyclades for vacation. Five thousand years ago, people came for trade and commerce. They sought volcanic obsidian to make tools and other natural resources such as lead and copper. Many settlements flourished in the Cyclades, part of a network that stretched across the Aegean Sea. One of the most important of these settlements was Skarkos on Ios.
The archaeological site of Skarkos lies on a hill in western Ios, overlooking one of the finest natural harbors in the Cyclades. The flat plain surrounding Skarkos is the best agricultural land on the island.
Greek archaeologist Marisa Marthari excavated Skarkos from 1986-1997. Her excavations revealed that the site was inhabited from about 2800 BC to 2300 BC, during what archaeologists call the Early Bronze Age or Early Cycladic II period.
The well-built houses of Skarkos were arranged closely together around narrow streets and squares. The ground floors, doorways, and stairways can still be seen today. Most buildings had second stories, with some stone walls preserved up to 4 meters (13 feet) high. The excavators discovered many artifacts, including pottery, stone tools, and figurines. Some of these finds can be seen at the Ios Archaeological Museum.
Skarkos prospered because it lay at the junction of key trading routes that linked the Cyclades with mainland Greece, Crete, and Asia Minor. Early Bronze Age sailors used paddled boats with limited range. They had to stop at harbors such as Skarkos to get supplies and totrade. The people of Skarkos imported beverages, perfumed oils, or other liquids in pottery containers. They exported finished products such as obsidian tools.
Skarkos was abandoned about 2300 BC, possibly after an earthquake. Centuries later, people dug some graves into the hill, but the site was never resetttled. That explains why the remains are so well preserved.
During 2003-2009, conservation work was carried out to preserve the site for the future and make it accessible to visitors. In 2008 the site received a European Union Prize for excellence in cultural heritage conservation.
We invite you to visit the archaeological site of Skarkos and experience the ancient remains for yourself. As you explore Skarkos, imagine the sights and sounds of a busy harbor town, full of sailors, traders, artisans, and farmers.
— Text by Prof. John W.I. Lee, University of California at Santa Barbara
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Aerial video of Skarkos, prehistoric settlement on Ios Island Greece
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Skarkos an ancient, prehistoric settlement on Ios Island, Greece
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GREECE, ISLAND of IOS: AMAZING EARLY BRONZE AGE VILLAGE (3,500BC) ????
SUBSCRIBE: - Let's go to one of the most beautiful of the Greek islands, the island of Ios and let's visit Skarkos (Greek: Σκάρκος) which is an early Bronze Age settlement. Owing to its well preserved state, Skarkos is one of the most important prehistoric sites in the Aegean and especially the Cyclades. early Cycladic settlement (mid-3rd millennium BC) in an exceptionally good state of preservation (two-storey buildings, four-metre-high walls), and an overlying late middle/early late Bronze Age cemetery (mid-2nd millennium BC). The settlement covers an area of 1.1 hectares and is the largest and best preserved site of the Keros-Syros culture, estimated to have been home to between 200 and 300 people.
Ios or Io or Nio is a Greek island in the Cyclades group in the Aegean Sea. Ios is a hilly island with cliffs down to the sea on most sides, situated halfway between Naxos and Santorini. It is about 18 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide, with an area of 109.024 square kilometres.
Greece is a country in southeastern Europe with thousands of islands throughout the Aegean and Ionian seas. Influential in ancient times, it's often called the cradle of Western civilization. Athens, its capital, retains landmarks including the 5th-century B.C. Acropolis citadel with the Parthenon temple. Greece is also known for its beaches, from the black sands of Santorini to the party resorts of Mykonos.
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Prehistoric Settlement of Skarkos
Aerial Video of the prehistoric Settlement of Skarkos in Ios - Cyclades.
DELPHI ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE , Greece
DELPHI ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE , GREECE
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The archaeological site of Delphi is one of the most important one in Greece, second only to the Acropolis of Athens. The magnitude of the Delphi contributions to the entire ancient civilization cannot be overstated.
Many political decisions were taken after consultation of the Oracle, and no colony was founded around the Mediterranean without the consent of the sanctuary at Delphi. In proportion with its immense influence, the settlement at delphi grew from a small village to a imposing depository of fine Architecture and Art.
At the Delphi sanctuary excavations have unearthed settlements that date as far back as the Neolithic era. However evidence of the site's importance dates back to the Mycenaean period (1600-1100 B.C). Most of the ruins that survive today are witness to the site's pinnacle which was reached in the 6th c. B.C., and are testament to the diverse cultural influences that hovered over the sanctuary for a nearly a millennium.
The functions of the Oracle of Delphi grew over the centuries to include athletic games and cultural events and Delphic festivals, the most important of which was the Pythian Games which were held every four years in memory of Apollo's slaying of the Python Dragon. To accommodate the gratitude that each city/state was eager to express, and all the cultural affairs, the sanctuary evolved to include major temple complexes, a theater, a stadium, and a number of ornate treasuries.
Some of the most prominent edifices on the sacred slopes of Delphi are the temple of Apollo, the ancient theater, the stadium, the sanctuary of Athena Pronaia with the Tholos, the Kastalia spring, and the various treasuries that adorn the sacred way. The archaeological museum on the site contains many important ancient Greek artifacts from the excavations at Delphi.
Le site archéologique de Delphes est l'un des plus important en Grèce, en second lieu seulement à l'Acropole d'Athènes. L'ampleur des contributions Delphi à l'ensemble de la civilisation antique ne peut être surestimée.
De nombreuses décisions politiques ont été prises après consultation de l'oracle, et aucune colonie a été fondée autour de la Méditerranée sans le consentement du sanctuaire de Delphes. En proportion avec son immense influence, le règlement à delphi est passé d'un petit village à un dépositaire imposant l'amende Architecture et Art.
Au sanctuaire de Delphes fouilles ont mis au jour des colonies qui datent d'aussi loin que l'ère néolithique. Cependant la preuve de l'importance du site remonte à l'époque mycénienne (1600-1100 av. J.-C. de). La plupart des ruines qui survivent aujourd'hui sont témoins de l'apogée du site qui a été atteint dans le 6ème c. Av, et témoignent des influences culturelles diverses qui planaient sur le sanctuaire pour près d'un millénaire.
Les fonctions de l'oracle de Delphes a augmenté au cours des siècles pour inclure des jeux de sport et d'événements culturels et festivals Delphic, le plus important était les Jeux Pythiques qui ont eu lieu tous les quatre ans en mémoire du meurtre d'Apollon du Dragon Python. Pour répondre à la reconnaissance que chaque ville / état était désireux d'exprimer, et toutes les affaires culturelles, le sanctuaire a évolué pour inclure les grands complexes de temple, un théâtre, un stade, et un certain nombre de trésors ornés.
Certains des édifices les plus importants sur les pentes sacrées de Delphi sont le temple d'Apollon, le théâtre antique, le stade, le sanctuaire d'Athéna Pronaia avec le Tholos, le ressort Kastalia, et les différents trésors qui ornent la voie sacrée. Le musée archéologique sur le site contient de nombreux objets anciens grecs importants provenant des fouilles de Delphes.
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ANCIENT GREEKS IN THE LAND OF DIONYSOS - EXCAVATION OF EMPORION PISTIROS, THRACE by BHFS
Ancient Greeks in the Land of Dionysos - Excavations of Emporion Pistiros, Thrace ( is a Balkan Heritage Field School project since 2013.The excavation of the Greek emporion (trade center), identified as Pistiros and existed between 5th -3rd BCE offers an unique combination of Ancient Greek and Thracian Archaeology in the light of their trade and religious interaction at the site. The field school participants can learn more about archaeological field techniques and methods for excavation and documentation of Classical and Hellenistic finds, as well as the history and archaeology of Thrace and its relations with Macedonia and the Greek Aegean cities until the Celtic invasion. An important added value of the course RTI and Photogrammetry workshops of different Greek epigraphic monuments. The program is supplemented by excursions to significant heritage sites in Bulgaria, e.g. Plovdiv (European Capital of Culture 2019), the Thracian tombs around Kazanlak etc.
Sailing Through Greece: Cyclades, E17 Paros to Ios
Next episode: Cyclades, E18 Santorini
This episode : Cyclades E17 A gentle sail from Paros to Ios
Ios is a hilly island with cliffs down to the sea on most sides, situated halfway between Naxos and Santorini. It is about 18 km and 10 km wide. Ios is part of the Thira regional unit. Ios was the setting for the movie Ginger and Cinnamon Also, scenes from the film Big Blue (Le Grand Bleu) were shot in Manganari. Apart from the port and the village of Chora, Ios has only a few small settlements, just a group of spread out houses in the background of major beaches . Excavations on Skarkos hill unearthed a prehistoric settlement, proving that Ios has been inhabited since the early Cycladic period. The architecture at Skarkos is preserved in places up to a height of almost three meters, with most of the buildings evidently having two storeys, stone-paved floors and a sewage system. Numerous well-preserved pottery, tools and utensils made of metal, stone and bone were also discovered. Unfortunately, the Skarkos site remains largely unpublished. In 2008, Ios was among six European locations (out of 109 candidates) awarded the European Union Cultural Heritage prize for its exceptional conservation efforts at the archaeological site of Skarko. The north end of Ios has a ruined Venetian castle from the 15th century. The island is said to have 365 churches and chapels, like the days of the year. We anchored in Mylopotas Bay which offers 4 coves where you can anchor withgood protection from the Meltemi.
Franchthi Cave
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Franchthi cave or Frankhthi cave is a cave overlooking the Argolic Gulf opposite the village of Koilada in southeastern Argolis, Greece.The cave was occupied from the Upper Paleolithic circa 38,000 BCE through the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods, with occasional short episodes of apparent abandonment.Last occupied around 3,000 BCE , it is one of the very few settlements in the world that shows nearly continuous human occupation for such an extended period of time, and is one of the most thoroughly studied sites from the stone age in southeastern Europe.
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History in 4 Minutes | Life in Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece, a civilization dating back to 8th century BCE, included the period of Classical Greece, and the flourishing Hellenistic civilization.
Cavusin ancient prehistoric cave settlement in Anatolia
Cavusin ancient prehistoric cave settlement in Anatolia
Vardzia Cave City in Georgia
Unknown and Mysterious Gondrani caves in Pakistan
Romanian rock cut cave
Mysterious Barabar caves India
Impossible Derinkuyu underground Cappadocian cave settlement
Uplistikhe rock cut caves, Georgia, Caucasus
Unknown old rock cut caves Ani
Unknown Shakpak Ata caves, Mangishlak in Kazakhstan
excavation of the ancient Greek Empire
excavation of the ancient Greek Empire in Bulgaria, Varna.
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In the excavations found the image of an unknown science of God
in Western Anatolia, an image of an unknown god was found. In total, 49 exhibits of the Mycenaean era were found in Bodrum.
09. Excavations at Zea Harbour, Greece by Bjørn Lovén
Archaeological Excavations In Italy (1958)
Italy.
Italian documentation on file.
MS. Sign on wall Monterinaldo pan to roadway in countryside. GV. Countryside. Various shots, excavating in progress. CU. Pieces of pottery which have been found. MS. Plane showing position of archaeological site. LS. Pieces of masonry. Various shots showing excavation in progress, masonry and part of a wall which has been found. CUs. carved stones which have been found. Various shots of stone pillars, masonry and other stone objects with excavations still going on, pan to countryside.
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History: We learn Dimini (Greece)
Dimini was a Neolithic village which ruins were found in Thessaly. Here my explanation and my 3d reconstruction
Cave of the Lakes (Kastria, Kalavryta, Greece 2017)
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The Cave of the Lakes is located near the village Kastria in the Achaea regional unit. It is 17 km (11 miles) from Kalavryta and 9 km (6 miles) from Kleitoria. It was formally known as Troupisio.
The cave is an old subterranean river consisting of three levels. During the winter when the snow melts it is transformed into a flowing river with waterfalls. During the summer, it dries up, leaving behind 13 lakes.
The developed part of the cave is currently 500 meters long. It includes artistic lighting. The visitor enters the cave through an artificial tunnel which leads directly to the second floor. The dimensions of this part of the cavern create awe, rapture, admiration. The passage from lake to lake is possible by small man-made bridges.
At the cave's lower floor, human and animal fossils were found, among which that of a hippopotamus. This part of the cave is intended to become a biological cave laboratory of international standing.
Humans started using the cave during the Neolithic Age. It was in continued use throughout the duration of the Bronze Age.
It presents significant paleontological and archaeological interests. On the lower level of the cave were found fossilized human bones and various animals including hippopotamus.
My Greek Excavation
Talking about my excavation in Greece :) + a little archaeology-rant. Hope you enjoy, and if you do, please give it a thumbs up and, if you want, subscribe! :)
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Franchthi Cave Exploration, Kilada Argolidas (Σπήλαιο Φραγχθι, Κοιλάδα Αργολίδας )
To σπήλαιο Φράγχθι βρίσκεται στη Ν.Δ. Αργολίδα, στη βόρεια ακτή του κόλπου της Κοιλάδας. Κατοικήθηκε κυρίως κατά την Ανώτερη Παλαιολιθική (40-10.000 π.Χ.), τη Μεσολιθική (9-7.000 π.Χ.) και τη Νεολιθική περίοδο (7-3.000π.Χ.).
Στην Παλαιολιθική και Μεσολιθική το Φράγχθι υπήρξε καταφύγιο μετακινούμενων κυνηγών, τροφοσυλλεκτών και ψαράδων, οι οποίοι χρησιμοποιούσαν για τις καθημερινές τους ανάγκες εργαλεία φτιαγμένα από σκληρές και αιχμηρές πέτρες, όπως ο πυριτόλιθος και ο οψιανός. Η Μεσολιθική είναι ιδιαίτερα σημαντική για την ιστορία του σπηλαίου, καθώς συνδέεται με κοινωνικές και οικονομικές μεταβολές. Πραγματοποιούνται οι πρώτοι ενταφιασμοί, τα ταξίδια ανοιχτής θαλάσσης και εμφανίζονται τα πρώτα δείγματα συστηματικής αλιείας.
Στη Νεολιθική, η κατοίκηση επεκτάθηκε εκτός του σπηλαίου, στον παρακείμενο υπαίθριο χώρο. Το μεγαλύτερο μέρος αυτού του οικισμού, το οποίο ονομάζεται Παραλία, είναι σήμερα καταβυθισμένο λόγω της ανόδου της θαλάσσιας στάθμης. Σπήλαιο και υπαίθριος χώρος αποτέλεσαν το χώρο δραστηριοτήτων μιας κοινότητας γεωργών και κτηνοτρόφων, η οποία διατηρούσε επαφές με πολλές περιοχές του νοτίου Αιγαίου. Οι κάτοικοι του οικισμού χρησιμοποιούσαν πλήθος λίθινων εργαλείων, όπως λεπίδες για δρεπάνια, μαχαιράκια, αιχμές βελών, μυλόπετρες, τσεκουράκια και αξίνες, αλλά και πολλά οστέινα, όπως αγκίστρια, σπάτουλες και σουβλιά. Πολλά είδη της καθημερινής τους εργαλειοθήκης δεν έχουν σωθεί λόγω του φθαρτού τους χαρακτήρα. Για την εξυπηρέτηση των καθημερινών τους αναγκών, οι κάτοικοι είχαν διαμορφώσει το εσωτερικό του σπηλαίου σε επιμέρους χώρους χρήσης, κάποιοι από τους οποίους περιείχαν λιθόστρωτα δάπεδα ή εστίες φωτιάς. Στον υπαίθριο χώρο, τα σπίτια τους ήταν απλές κατασκευές με λίθινη θεμελίωση, δάπεδα από πατημένο πηλό και τοίχους σοβατισμένους για μόνωση και καθαριότητα. Τόσο το σπήλαιο όσο και ο υπαίθριος χώρος χρησιμοποιήθηκαν κατά καιρούς και ως τόποι ενταφιασμού. Μία από τις καινοτομίες της περιόδου είναι η κατασκευή αγγείων και ειδωλίων από ψημένο πηλό. Κάποια από τα αγγεία έφεραν περίτεχνη πολύχρωμη διακόσμηση. Όπως οι προκάτοχοί τους, έτσι και οι Νεολιθικοί κάτοικοι του σπηλαίου φρόντιζαν για τον καλλωπισμό τους φτιάχνοντας κοσμήματα από απλά φυσικά υλικά, όπως τα θαλάσσια κοχύλια.
Κατά το μεγαλύτερο μέρος του 20ου αιώνα το σπήλαιο χρησιμοποιήθηκε ως εποχικό ποιμνιοστάσιο.
Αρχαιολογικές έρευνες στον οικισμό διενεργήθηκαν μεταξύ 1969-1979 από το Πανεπιστήμιο Ιντιάνα (Η.Π.Α.), υπό την αιγίδα της Αμερικάνικης Σχολής Κλασικών Σπουδών στην Αθήνα. Το πρόγραμμα ανάδειξης υλοποιήθηκε από την Εφορεία Παλαιοανθρωπολογίας-Σπηλαιολογίας Νοτίου Ελλάδας.
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