Ryazan リャザン Kremlin Assumption Cathedral At Night in Summer
Someone shot this great video, thanks guys for such a beauty!
Moscow Kremlin Cathedral Square part 2
Description
The Annunciation Cathedral Moscow Kremlin PART 1 FACEBOOK LIVE VIDEO
The Annunciation Cathedral Moscow Kremlin PART 1 FACEBOOK LIVE VIDEO
Annunciation Cathedral Complex email info@kosmostrip.net
Annunciation Cathedral Complex
The Annunciation Cathedral Complex is located in a north-east part of the Kremlin, gradually developed from XVI century as the orthodox authority centre of the region. The Complex includes the Annunciation Cathedral, the Bishop’s House, the Consistory, and also archaeological fragments of stone constructions of different periods.
Annunciation Cathedral
The Annunciation Cathedral is the largest construction of the Kazan Kremlin and most ancient one among remained stone constructions of Kazan; it is located in the centre of the Complex. It was constructed in 1561-1562 by the Pskov masters led by Postnik Yakovlev and Ivan Shiriay. It was reconstructed in 1691, 1736, 1835-1843; it was reconstructed in 1970-1980 and it was restored in 1996-2005 years.
Originally it was five-domed triapsidal temple with two side-altars connected by the church porch which bent around central cubical cathedral volume. Cathedral heads were of helmet-shaped forms.
Cathedral consecration took place in 1562. The cathedral was exposed to numerous repairing and three reconstructions after fires. In 1694 narrow windows of the Annunciation Cathedral were expanded, the temple was decorated by the wall scripts. At same time the five –circled bell tower had been erected at the southwest side of cathedral porch. In 1736 helmet-shaped domes of lateral heads had been replaced for bulbous, and the central dome received finishing in a style of the Ukrainian Baroque.
In 1842-1843 new large double lighted refectory was attached from a west side; the high open porch was transformed into the covered church porch in 1863; the oven heating was arranged and air-stove replaced it later. Within carrying out civil works the architectural details were found, probably they were connected with constructions of the Khan Period, which were in front of church at its northern limits as it was described in a Scribal Book in 1566-1568. The cathedral had been painted again in 1869-1870.
The bell-tower, the western porch, cathedral heads were demolished in 1930s.
Initially the 5-headed, 5-apsidal temple surrounded by two lateral side-altars had been built. Central 6-pillar volume with four lateral dome drums with bulbous finishing and one middle dome drum in style of Ukrainian Baroque, three apses, lateral side-altars with apses; preservation of three fragments of internal fresco list in the main space and three fragments in apses of altar parts was done.
A number of the decorative elements, one of which was the Tatar gravestone of XVI century, which had been built in masonry in the form of a crosspiece over the niche for church utensils, have remained. Restoration of oil frescos, executed in the beginning of XIX century by a Safronovs’ family brigade of icon painters belonging to Vladimir School, had been hold. XVII century beginning the templon Iconostasis decorated wrought silver with gold leafy gilding had been recreated completely.
Carved shade over reliquary with hallows of St. Gurias, 4 kiots with icons in refectory and 2 in tambour of the main entrance had been recreated too. North and South Pillars with frescoes and iconostasis are restored. In the basic volume there is a ground floor of XVI century functioned originally as separate six-column temple of All Sacred. Walls and intersecting vaults of that premise are laid out from hewn limestone blocks. Now it is adapting under the Museum of Orthodox Art.
The influence of the Pskov, Vladimir, Ukrainian and Moscow Architecture is traced in forms and design accurately. The Cathedral is a unique monument of XVI-XIX centuries.
The central volume of Cathedral is made from a white stone, it has kept the initial volume-spatial composition; it is triapsidal, six-column building having with five heads. Internal columns in a temple are round as in the Uspensky Cathedral in Moscow Kremlin;
Trumpet vaults are used instead of sailing passing to the main dome; it is the reception inherent to the Oriental Architecture and unique for temple building of that time. Figured corbels (“roller”, a brick on edge) are connected with arches in decorative processing of facades.
kosmostrip.net
Open to me the doors of repentance - Покаяния отверзи ми двери
Покаяния отверзи ми двери.....
Here I present a hymn for the season of Lent; Open to me the doors of repentance. This is a sixteenth century Znamenny chant and is sung here by the Male Choir of the All-Merciful Saviour Monastery in Yekaterinburg.
Open to me the doors of repentance, O Lifegiver
for my spirit arises early to pray towards Thy Holy temple,
bearing the temple of my body all defiled; but in Thy compassion
purify me by the loving-kindness of Thy mercy.
On the paths of salvation lead me, O Theotokos,
for I have profaned my soul with shameful sins,
and have wasted my life in laziness;
but by your intercessions deliver me from all impurity.
When I think of all the evil doings I have done, wretch that I am,
I tremble t the fearful day of judgement;
but trusting in Thy loving-kindness,
like David I cry to Thee:
Have mercy on me, O God, according to Thy great mercy.
Accompanying photographs of the Ryazan Kremlin Cathedral & churches.
The Life And Death Of Ivan I of Moscow
Ivan I Daniilovich Kalita (Ива́н I Дании́лович Калита́ in Russian; 1288 – 31 March 1341 was Prince of Moscow from 1325 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1328
Ivan was the son of Prince of Moscow Daniil Aleksandrovich.
After the death of his elder brother Yuri III, Ivan inherited the Principality of Moscow. Ivan participated in the struggle to get the title of Grand Prince of Vladimir which could be obtained with the approval of a khan of the Golden Horde. The main rivals of the princes of Moscow in this struggle were the princes of Tver – Mikhail, Dmitry the Terrible Eyes, and Alexander II, all of whom obtained the title of Grand prince of Vladimir and were deprived of it. All of them were murdered in the Golden Horde. In 1328 Ivan Kalita received the approval of khan Muhammad Ozbeg to become the Grand Prince of Vladimir with the right to collect taxes from all Russian lands.
According to the Russian historian Kluchevsky, the rise of Moscow under Ivan I Kalita was determined by three factors. The first one was that the Moscow principality was situated in the middle of other Russian principalities; thus, it was protected from any invasions from the East and from the West. Compared to its neighbors, Ryazan principality and Tver principality, Moscow was less often devastated. The relative safety of the Moscow region resulted in the second factor of the rise of Moscow – an influx of working and tax-paying people who were tired of constant raids and who actively relocated to Moscow from other Russian regions. The third factor was a trade route from Novgorod to the Volga river.
Ivan Kalita intentionally pursued the policy of relocation of people to his principality by an invitation of people from other places and by purchase of Russian people captured by Mongols during their raids. He managed to eliminate all the thieves in his lands, thus insuring the safety of traveling merchants. Internal peace and order together with the absence of Mongolian raids to the Moscow principality was mentioned in Russian chronicles as “great peace, silence, and relief of Russian land.
Ivan made Moscow very wealthy by maintaining his loyalty to the Horde (hence, the nickname Kalita, or moneybag). He used this wealth to give loans to neighbouring Russian principalities. These cities gradually fell deeper and deeper into debt, a condition that would allow Ivan's successors to annex them. The people called Ivan the ‘gatherer of the Russian lands’. He bought lands around Moscow, and very often the poor owners sold their lands willingly. Some of them kept the right to rule in their lands on behalf of Ivan Kalita. In one way or another a number of cities and villages joined the Moscow principality – Uglich in 1323, the principality of Belozero in 1328–1338, the principality of Galich in 1340. Ivan's greatest success, however, was convincing the Khan in Sarai that his son, Simeon The Proud, should succeed him as the Grand Prince of Vladimir; from then on, the important position almost always belonged to the ruling house of Moscow. The Head of the Russian Church – Metropolitan Peter, whose authority was extremely high, moved from Vladimir to Moscow to Prince Ivan Kalita.
Following a Lithuanian raid on the town of Torzhok in 1335 (as part of the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars), Ivan retaliated by burning the towns of Osechen and Riasna.
Ivan died in Moscow, 31 March 1341. He was buried 1 April in the Church of the Archangel Michael.
Legacy
Under Ivan Kalita, Moscow was actively growing, and his residence on the Borovitsky hill became the main part of the city. Erection of either wooden or white-stone constructions was started in the Kremlin. A number of churches were built: in 1326–1327 the Assumption Cathedral, in 1329 the Church of Ivan of the Ladder (John Climacus), in 1330 the Cathedral of the Saviour on the Bor (Forest), and in 1333 the Cathedral of Archangel Michael, where Ivan Kalita and his descendants were buried. Between 1339 and 1340, Ivan Kalita erected a new, bigger oaken fortress on the Borovitsky hill.
In Ivan’s will “the golden captain” was mentioned for the first time; this cap is identified with the well-known Monomakh’s crown, the main crown's of Russian sovereigns.
Самара /Samara - 1900s
Дореволюционная Россия на фотографиях
Самара
1900-x
Для Александра
Мой друг и коллега.
Pre-revolutionary Russia in photographs
Samara.
1900s
Here I present an album of photographs taken of the city of Samara on the River Volga in Pre-Revolution times.
Kremlin Kapella in Emmen
Beschrijving
Койнасский хор-60. Ожигина Валентина. מסורת.
60-летие Койнасского хора. Лешуконский район. Архангельская область. 60th anniversary Koynasskogo choir. Leshukonsky area. Arkhangelsk region.
Nicholas II of Russia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Nicholas II of Russia
00:03:16 1 Family background
00:06:34 2 Tsarevich
00:09:51 3 Engagement, accession and marriage
00:13:43 4 Reign
00:13:52 4.1 Coronation
00:17:55 4.2 Initiatives in foreign affairs
00:18:52 4.3 Ecclesiastical affairs
00:19:40 4.4 Russo-Japanese War
00:22:47 4.5 Anti-Jewish pogroms of 1903–1906
00:23:48 4.6 Bloody Sunday (1905)
00:28:08 4.7 1905 Revolution
00:31:49 4.8 Relationship with the Duma
00:41:58 4.9 Tsarevich Alexei's illness and Rasputin
00:44:33 4.10 European affairs
00:46:48 4.11 Tercentenary
00:47:26 4.12 First World War
00:56:40 4.13 Collapse
01:01:25 4.13.1 Abdication (1917)
01:04:41 4.14 Imprisonment
01:08:10 4.15 Execution
01:11:32 5 Identification
01:13:22 6 Funeral
01:14:12 7 Sainthood
01:16:19 8 Assessment
01:19:54 9 Ancestry
01:20:03 10 Titles, styles, honours and arms
01:20:14 10.1 Titles and styles
01:21:29 10.2 Honours
01:22:12 10.2.1 National
01:22:39 10.2.2 Foreign
01:23:30 10.3 Arms
01:23:38 11 Children
01:23:47 12 Wealth
01:25:01 13 Documentaries and films
01:25:37 14 See also
01:25:53 15 Note
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Nicholas II or Nikolai II (Russian: Николай II Алекса́ндрович, tr. Nikolai II Aleksandrovich; 18 May [O.S. 6 May] 1868 – 17 July 1918), known as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer in the Russian Orthodox Church, was the last Emperor of Russia, ruling from 1 November 1894 until his forced abdication on 2 March 1917. His reign saw the fall of the Russian Empire from one of the foremost great powers of the world to economic and military collapse. He was given the nickname Nicholas the Bloody or Vile Nicholas by his political adversaries due to the Khodynka Tragedy, anti-Semitic pogroms, Bloody Sunday, the violent suppression of the 1905 Russian Revolution, the execution of political opponents, and his perceived responsibility for the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905). Soviet historians portrayed Nicholas as a weak and incompetent leader whose decisions led to military defeats and the deaths of millions of his subjects.Russia was defeated in the 1904–1905 Russo-Japanese War which saw the annihilation of the reinforcing Russian Baltic Fleet after being sent on its round-the-world cruise at the naval Battle of Tsushima, off the coasts of Korea and Japan, the loss of Russian influence over Manchuria and Korea, and the Japanese annexation to the north of South Sakhalin Island. The Anglo-Russian Entente was designed to counter the German Empire's attempts to gain influence in the Middle East, but it also ended the Great Game of confrontation between Russia and the United Kingdom. When all Russian diplomatic efforts to prevent the First World War (1914–1918) failed, Nicholas approved the Imperial Russian Army mobilization on 30 July 1914 which gave Imperial Germany formal grounds to declare war on Russia on 1 August 1914. An estimated 3.3 million Russians were killed in the First World War. The Imperial Russian Army's severe losses, the High Command's incompetent management of the war efforts, and lack of food and supplies on the home front were all leading causes of the fall of the House of Romanov.
Following the February Revolution of 1917, Nicholas abdicated on behalf of himself and his son and heir, the Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich. He and his family were imprisoned and transferred to Tobolsk in late summer 1917. On 30 April 1918, Nicholas, Alexandra, and their daughter Maria were handed over to the local Ural Soviet council in Ekaterinburg (renamed Sverdlovsk during the Soviet era); the rest of the captives followed on 23 May. Nicholas and his family were executed by their Bolshevik guards on the night of 16/17 July 1918. The remains of the imperial family were later found, exhumed, identified and re-interred with elaborate State and Church ceremony in St. Petersburg on 17 July 1998 – 80 years later.
In 1981, Nicholas, his wife, and their children were recognized as martyrs by the Russian Orthodox Church Outsid ...
Москва (Текстильщики) - Бронницы / From Moscow to Bronnitsy 02/05/2016 (timelapse 4x)
Москва {ул. Малышева - ул. Юных Ленинцев - Есенинский бульв. - Волгоградский просп. - Новорязанское ш.} - Московская область {трасса М5 Урал (Новорязанское ш.): [Люберцы - Чкалово - Жилино-1 - Мирный - Октябрьский (ул. Ленина) - Островцы (Центральная ул.) - Заозёрье - Михайловская Слобода] - старый ход Рязанского ш.: [Тимонино - Кривцы - Верхнее Велино] - Бронницы (Рязанское ш. - Советская ул. - Больничный пер. - Красная ул. - Первомайский пер.)}