Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) Archiepiscopal Museum Ravenna
Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) Archiepiscopal Museum Ravenna
The Archiepiscopal Museum is located in Ravenna, Italy, next to the Baptistry of Neon and behind the Duomo of Ravenna. In the museum relics of early Christian Ravenna are preserved, including fragments of mosaic from the first cathedral church, and the chapel of Sant'Andrea, dating from the Gothic kingdom.
The main room, on entering, contains lapidary inscriptions as HIC REQUIESCIT IN PACE VIR SBL SEDA IGNUCUS ('Here lies in peace that eminent man Seda the Eunuch'), CUBICULARIUS or 'Bedchamberlain' to Theodoric the Great, buried 541 AD. Beneath this, by the window, a reliquary for the martyred saints Quiricus and Julietta, whose remains were carried from Tarsus, the birthplace of Saint Paul, to Auxerre and from thence to Ravenna. The depictions on its four facings are in keeping with the theme of donation: Galla Placidia placed it in the church of San Giovanni Battista (not to be confused with the church of the 'Evangelista'). They are:
Christ giving the Tables of the Law to St. Peter, with Paul standing by him;
Daniel in the lions' den, with the prophet Habakkuk offering him a loaf and fishes;
The Three Wise Kings bringing their gifts to the infant Christ;
The women sitting below at His empty tomb.
The marble rosette on the facing wall is a Paschal calendar of the 6th century. Its purpose was to fix the movable feast of Easter in such a way that it might be celebrated everywhere in Christendom on the same day - no easy matter when East and West were using different calendars: the Eastern Church used the Hebrew lunar calendar, while the Western church followed the sun's cycle. Despite the decrees of the Council of Nicea in 325 AD and the tables of Theophilus, in this, as in all matters of faith, people followed their own loyalties. This calendar follows the eastern lunar cycle: LV on the outer rim, followed by AN indicates the phase of its 19-year cycle; the date then for Easter is written in each recurring phase from 532 AD to 626 AD.
The mosaics are the few fragments left of what covered the apse of the first church: they are not Roman originals but of the early 12th century. The most beautiful and intact is that of the Madonna, praying in the eastern manner; other fragments give some idea of its composition - the life of Sant'Apollinare, the patron saint and evangeliser of Ravenna; scenes of the Resurrection; Saints Peter and Paul. On entering the room to the right, there is a little stele depicting Christ the Good Shepherd by a tree: it is the tombstone of Antiphon, who died aged 17 years, 5 months and 12 days, sometime at the end of the 2nd/beginning of the 3rd century, long before the Edict of Tolerance, and is thus the earliest Christian record in Ravenna. The red porphyrian man (drawing or sheathing his sword?), headless, handless, footless, may be the Emperor Theodosius. It recalls the statue of the Tetrarchs outside the Doge's Palace in Venice, gripping onto power.
The jewel of the collection is the Ivory Cathedra, the bishop's seat of the Byzantine era (6th century), considered among the finest pieces of ivory carving in Western art. It is placed in what was the tower of Porta Salustra, the Roman gateway which commanded the southern entrance along the Cardis. It is the work of different hands and, even allowing for the missing panels, it still remains a visible masterpiece: the front bench, with the figures of Saint John the Baptist flanked by the Evangelists and a frieze work of peacocks, lions, goats and deer among vines, is especially fascinating; the backrest represents scenes from the birth of Christ, including Mary proving her virginity by immersion; on the other side, the miracles of Christ, his baptism and entry into Jerusalem; the armrests depict the Old Testament life of Joseph, reading from left to right (for the sitter).
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Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy )
Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy )
Ravenna is the capital city of the Province of Ravenna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy. It was the capital city of the Western Roman Empire from 402 until that empire collapsed in 476.
It then served as the capital of the Kingdom of the Ostrogoths until it was re-conquered in 540 by the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Afterwards, the city formed the centre of the Byzantine Exarchate of Ravenna until the invasion of the Franks in 751, after which it became the seat of the Kingdom of the Lombards.
Although an inland city, Ravenna is connected to the Adriatic Sea by the Candiano Canal. It is known for its well-preserved late Roman and Byzantine architecture, and has eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Alot to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) such as :
Eight early Christian monuments of Ravenna are inscribed on the World Heritage List. These are
Orthodox Baptistry also called Baptistry of Neon (c. 430)
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia (c. 430)
Arian Baptistry (c. 500)
Archiepiscopal Chapel (c. 500)
Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo (c. 500)
Mausoleum of Theoderic (520)
Basilica of San Vitale (548)
Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe (549)
Other attractions include:
The church of St. John the Evangelist is from the 5th century, erected by Galla Placidia after she survived a storm at sea. It was restored after the World War II bombings. The belltower contains four bells, the two majors dating back to 1208.
The 6th-century church of the Spirito Santo, which has been quite drastically altered since the 6th century. It was originally the Arian cathedral. The façade has a 16th-century portico with five arcades.
The St. Francis basilica, rebuilt in the 10th–11th centuries over a precedent edifice dedicated to the Apostles and later to St. Peter. Behind the humble brick façade, it has a nave and two aisles. Fragments of mosaics from the first church are visible on the floor, which is usually covered by water after heavy rains (together with the crypt). Here the funeral ceremony of Dante Alighieri was held in 1321. The poet is buried in a tomb annexed to the church, the local authorities having resisted for centuries all demands by Florence for return of the remains of its most famous exile.
The Baroque church of Santa Maria Maggiore (525–532, rebuilt in 1671). It houses a picture by Luca Longhi.
The church of San Giovanni Battista (1683), also in Baroque style, with a Middle Ages campanile.
The basilica of Santa Maria in Porto (16th century), with a rich façade from the 18th century. It has a nave and two aisles, with a high cupola. It houses the image of famous Greek Madonna, which was allegedly brought to Ravenna from Constantinople.
The nearby Communal Gallery has various works from Romagnoli painters.
The Rocca Brancaleone (Brancaleone Castle), built by the Venetians in 1457. Once part of the city walls, it is now a public park. It is divided into two parts: the true Castle and the Citadel, the latter having an extent of 14,000 m2 (150,694.75 sq ft).
The so-called Palace of Theoderic, in fact the entrance to the former church of San Salvatore. It includes mosaics from the true palace of the Ostrogoth king.
The church of Sant'Eufemia (18th century), gives access to the so-called Stone Carpets Domus (6th–7th century): this houses splendid mosaics from a Byzantine palace.
The National Museum.
The Archiepiscopal Museum
( Ravenna - Italy ) is well know as a tourist destination because of the variety of places you can enjoy while you are visiting the city of Ravenna.
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Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy )
Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy )
Ravenna is a city in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. It's known for the colorful mosaics adorning many of its central buildings, like the octagonal Basilica di San Vitale, the 6th-century Basilica di Sant'Apollinare Nuovo and the cross-shaped Mausoleo di Galla Placidia. North of the center, the Mausoleo di Teodorico built in the 6th century for King Theodoric the Great, is a Gothic, circular stone tomb with a monolithic dome.
For mosaic lovers, Ravenna is an earthly paradise. Spread out over several churches and baptisteries around town is one of the world's most dazzling collections of early Christian mosaic artwork, enshrined since 1996 on Unesco's World Heritage list. Wandering through the unassuming town centre today, you'd never imagine that for a three-century span beginning in AD 402, Ravenna served as capital of the Western Roman Empire, chief city of the Ostrogoth Kingdom of Italy and nexus of a powerful Byzantine exarchate. During this prolonged golden age, while the rest of the Italian peninsula flailed in the wake of Barbarian invasions, Ravenna became a fertile art studio for skilled craftsmen, who covered the city's terracotta brick churches in heart-rendingly beautiful mosaics.
The richest heritage of mosaics in the world, preserved in the basilicas and baptisteries of the city, is a clear evidence of that extraordinary period. For their universal value and the uniqueness of their mosaics, eight monuments of Ravenna have been included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, namely Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Neonian Baptistery, Arian Baptistery, Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo, Chapel of Sant'Andrea or Archiepiscopal Chapel, Mausoleum of Theoderic, Basilica of San Vitale and Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe. Besides the UNESCO monuments, other interesting artistic and archaeological sites such as the Domus of the Stone Carpets and the Ancient Port of Classe make a valuable contribution to the reconstruction of the history of Ravenna.
During the declining period of the Latin civilization, Ravenna undoubtedly represented the most important political and cultural centre of the Western world. Traces of more recent times from the Middle Ages to the contemporary age can be equally found in the city. Some of the most celebrated monuments of these periods are the Tomb of Poet Dante Alighieri, the Brancaleone Fortress (Rocca Brancaleone), the Classense Library (Biblioteca Classense), the Municipal Tower (Torre Civica), as well as the monumental gates of the city.
The cultural offer of Ravenna is abundant and varied. Its wide network of museums and collections includes the MAR - Ravenna Art Museum, regularly organizing high-profile exhibitions and hosting a number of permanent collections; the National Museum, exhibiting a variety of collections and findings from excavations of Roman and Byzantine remains; the Archiepiscopal Museum hosting the Chapel of Sant’Andrea (belonging to the UNESCO Heritage); Tamo Museum. All the adventure of the mosaic, a permanent, interactive and multimedia exhibition dedicated to the art of mosaic in all its aspects, from the Antiquity up to the present; Dante Museum houings relics related to the cult and fame of the poet and finally the Risorgimento Museum, that bears witness to the followers of Mazzini and Garibaldi in Ravenna.
The great variety of landscapes surrounding Ravenna ranges from farmlands with fruit groves, marshes and canals flanked by typical fishing nets to centuries-old pinewoods overlooking sandy, well-equipped beaches. Nine unique seaside resorts stretch along its 30-km long coastline. Its beaches offer a wide range of facilities and leisure activities, such as games, sports and fitness, walks and rides, amusement parks (e.g. Mirabilandia), as well as sunshine, relax and culinary delights.
Finally, nature lovers and hikers will enjoy walking through the oasis of Punte Alberete and its quiet flooded forests sheltering rare bird species, as well as visiting the NatuRa Museum of Sant’Alberto, that borders on the Comacchio Valleys, and the ancient pinewood of San Vitale and Classe, which is part of the nature reserve of the Po Delta Park.
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Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) Mausoleo di Teodorico
Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) Mausoleo di Teodorico
The Mausoleum of Theoderic is an ancient monument just outside Ravenna, Italy. It was built in 520 AD by Theoderic the Great as his future tomb. The current structure of the mausoleum is divided into two decagonal orders, one above the other; both are made of Istria stone. Its roof is a single 300–ton Istrian stone, 10 meters in diameter. A niche leads down to a room that was probably a chapel for funeral liturgies; a stair leads to the upper floor. Located in the centre of the floor is a circular porphyry stone grave, in which Theoderic was buried. His remains were removed during Byzantine rule, when the mausoleum was turned into a Christian oratory. In the late 19th century, silting from a nearby rivulet that had partly submerged the mausoleum was drained and excavated.
It was inscribed with seven other Early Christian Monuments and Mosaics of Ravenna buildings as one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1996. According to the ICOMOS evaluation, the significance of the mausoleum lies in its Gothic style and decoration, which owe nothing to Roman or Byzantine art, although it makes use of the Roman stone construction technique of opus quadratum, which had been abandoned four centuries before and in the fact that it is the only surviving example of a tomb of a king of this period.
An approximate replica of this tomb was constructed in the US in 1925 when the Taplin Gorge Dam was constructed north of Fergus Falls, Minnesota. The designer (Vernon Wright, who was also the president of the dam's owner, the Otter Tail Power Company) based the design of the powerhouse on this mausoleum.
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Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) Palazzo di Teodorico
Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) Palazzo di Teodorico
The palace of Theodoric or Theoderic (also called the so-called palace of Theodoric ) is a palace located in Ravenna , near the basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo. Today reduced to some ruins, including the facade, its ancient function is still debated among scholars: an interpretation identifies it as the part in front of the church of San Salvatore ad Calchi (destroyed at the beginning of the 16th century), another he associates it with a defense building for the palace of the exarchs (governors of the city) of the VII-VIII century.
The historical study of the site began after the discovery of some floor mosaics in the nineteenth century. With the name of Palazzo di Teoderico, it is commonly referred to the architectural remains overlooking the current Via di Roma, located near the church of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo. This area was the object of study from the mid-nineteenth century, following the fortuitous discovery of some mosaic floor stretches.
According to some scholars, the building would be the remainder of a guardhouse (VII-VIII century) built to guard the access to the building at the time when it was inhabited by the exarchs (as the governors of the Italian provinces were called on the emperor's mandate of Byzantium). The factory had to imitate a similar building in Constantinople called Calce (or bronze) for its monumental bronze door and hence the name of Calce or Calchi for the Ravenna building.
According to others, however, it would be the remains of the atrium-portico (ardica) in front of the church of San Salvatore ad Calchi. This cult building, documented in medieval sources and located near the entrance of the palace and the church of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo, is almost completely destroyed in a document of 1503.
Currently, through a spiral staircase, inserted in the round tower that flanks the door on the east side, you can access the upper room where several sections of mosaic floors found and detached have been placed on several occasions, starting from the end of the last century during the archaeological excavation campaigns in the area of the Teodoric imperial palace. Mosaic fragments are also found on the ground floor in the narrow front loggia.
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Ravenna Baptistery of Neon
Battistero Neoniano
Ravenna, Italy
September 2016
Baptistry of Neon, Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, Europe
The Baptistry of Neon is a religious building in Ravenna, central Italy. The most ancient monument remaining in the city, it was partly erected on the site of a Roman bath. It is also called the Orthodox Baptistry to distinguish it from the Arian Baptistry constructed on behest of Ostrogothic King Theodoric some 50 years later. The octagonal brick structure was erected by Bishop Ursus at the end of the 4th or beginning of the 5th century, as part of his great Basilica (destroyed in 1734). The baptistery was finished by Bishop Neon at the end of the 5th century, at which time the mosaic decorations were added. The original floor is now some 3 meters underground, so the proper structure and extent of the building can no longer be seen. The octagonal design of the building, employed in virtually all Early Christian baptisteries, symbolizes the seven days of the week plus the Day of the Resurrection and Eternal Life. The ceiling mosaic depicts John the Baptist baptizing Jesus (depicted with beard) standing waist high in the Jordan River. To one side stands the personification of the Jordan river, with a reed in one hand and a garment in the other. A procession of the twelve apostles proceeds around the center mosaic in two directions, ending with Saint Peter meeting Saint Paul. The Baptistry is one of the eight structures in Ravenna registered as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. According to the ICOMOS evaluation of this patrimony, this is the finest and most complete surviving example of the early Christian baptistery which retains the fluidity in representation of the human figure derived from Greco-Roman art.
Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) Mirabilandia
Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) Mirabilandia
Mirabilandia is an Italian amusement park, located in Savio, a frazione of Ravenna, which is located in Emilia-Romagna. With a total area of 850.000 sqm, it is the biggest Park of Italy. It has an area of 30 hectares, with an additional waterworld area of 10 hectares, called Mirabilandia Beach. The most notable attractions are the Katun inverted roller coaster and the iSpeed launched coaster. It has the world's tallest Watercoaster, the Divertical with a height of 60 m. It houses the 90-metre tall Eurowheel, Europe's second tallest Ferris wheel.
The areas present since 1992 are:
Dolce vita studios (Italy sixties);
Motorworld
La vecchia Europa (The old Europe, the less scenic area, with rides of ancient origin);
Adventureland (an leafy area)
Bimbopoli (children's area).
In 1997, new scenery and themes, depicting exotic and fantastic places, were added to the park. These mostly related to the world of adventure: the entrance plaza was edited in pirate-style and renamed Pirate Bay. The restaurants had a similar re-theming (like the Locanda del Faro). In 2000, the look of the two mascots of the park, Otto Leprotto the European hare and Mike the mallard (two animal species widely visible in the park or in the meadows around the central lake) were modified. The Katun inverted roller coaster was built in 1999, surrounded by a visually arresting theme (the City of Sian Ka'an, with pre-Columbian Maya civilization architecture). In 2003 Mirabeach was created, a Caribbean-style watery zone with hydraulic games. In 2006 the horror/western-style dark ride Ghostvillewas staged. In 2007 the themed attraction Raratonga was added.
In 2008 the dark ride shooter Reset was added, along with the adjacent footpath outside. iSpeed launched coaster took the place of Sierra tonante (Booming Sierra) in 2009. On April 26, 2011, Ghostville was retired, replaced during the season by a walking path instead of wagons. It was opened July 13, 2011 with the name Phobia.
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Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna Italy (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Dave Seminara is the author of Bed, Breakfast & Drunken Threats: Dispatches from the Margins of Europe. His writing has appeared in The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, Chicago Magazine, The Chicago Tribune, The Los Angeles Times and many other publications and websites. Check out his website daveseminara.com and follow him on Instagram-
“DayDreaming Ravenna”, 7mila click in pochi giorni
Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) Battistero Neoniano
Places to see in ( Ravenna - Italy ) Battistero Neoniano
The Baptistery of Neon is a religious building in Ravenna, central Italy. The most ancient monument remaining in the city, it was partly erected on the site of a Roman bath. It is also called the Orthodox Baptistery to distinguish it from the Arian Baptistery constructed on behest of Ostrogothic King Theodoric some 50 years later.
The octagonal brick structure was erected by Bishop Ursus at the end of the 4th or beginning of the 5th century, as part of his great Basilica (destroyed in 1734). The baptistery was finished by Bishop Neon at the end of the 5th century, at which time the mosaic decorations were added. The original floor is now some 3 meters underground, so the proper structure and extent of the building can no longer be seen. The octagonal design of the building, employed in virtually all Early Christian baptisteries, symbolizes the seven days of the week plus the Day of the Resurrection and Eternal Life.
The ceiling mosaic depicts John the Baptist baptizing Jesus (depicted with beard) standing waist high in the Jordan River. To one side stands the personification of the Jordan river, with a reed in one hand and a garment in the other. A procession of the twelve apostles proceeds around the center mosaic in two directions, ending with Saint Peter meeting Saint Paul.
The Baptistry is one of the eight structures in Ravenna registered as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. According to the ICOMOS evaluation of this patrimony, this is the finest and most complete surviving example of the early Christian baptistery which retains the fluidity in representation of the human figure derived from Greco-Roman art.
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Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna (UNESCO/NHK)
Ravenna was the seat of the Roman Empire in the 5th century and then of Byzantine Italy until the 8th century. It has a unique collection of early Christian mosaics and monuments. All eight buildings -- the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, the Neonian Baptistery, the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo, the Arian Baptistery, the Archiepiscopal Chapel, the Mausoleum of Theodoric, the Church of San Vitale and the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in ...
Source: UNESCO TV / © NHK Nippon Hoso Kyokai
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Neonian Baptistery - Ravenna
Neonian Baptistery - Ravenna
Jul 23 - Saint Apollinaris - Bishop - Martyr - 0079 - Ravenna Italy
From the Little Pictorial Lives of the Saints.
Mausoleo di Teodorico - Deutsch
Quick and Dirty Video of Ravenna
I put together all the VIDEO I took of the day in Ravenna. Here it is (15 minutes) to give you an idea of what you can see and on your own!
Cappella di S.Andrea o Cappella Arcivescovile di Ravenna
Cappella di S.Andrea o Cappella Arcivescovile di Ravenna
La Cappella Arcivescovile o di Sant'Andrea è stata realizzata durante il regno di Teodorico come cappella privata del Vescovo Pietro II ed è dedicata a San Pietro Crisologo, Arcivescovo di Ravenna dal 433 al 450. La cappella è ubicata al primo piano del Palazzo Arcivescovile e fu allestita nel 495. L'edificio sacro, a pianta cruciforme, ha vestibolo rivestito nella parte inferiore di marmo e in quella superiore di mosaici; è l'unico edificio sacro ortodosso realizzato sotto Teodorico, in un'epoca in cui era dominante il culto ariano. Il messaggio anti-ariano contenuto nell'opera posizionata nell'atrio della Cappella di Sant'Andrea è molto evidente: rappresenta il Cristo Guerriero, con la Croce sulla spalla, nell'atto di schiacciare le belve dell'eresia, atto di rivendicazione ideologica contro l'allora dominante governo politico dell'ariano Teodorico.
Arian Baptistry
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The Arian Baptistry in Ravenna, Italy is a Christian baptismal building that was erected by the Ostrogothic King Theodoric the Great between the end of the 5th century and the beginning of the 6th century A.D., at the same time as the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare Nuovo.Theodoric was an Arian Christian and decided to let the Goths and the orthodox Chalcedonian Christians live together but separately, and so there were separate neighborhoods and separate religious buildings.Near his palace, the king commissioned an Arian cathedral, now called the Church of Spirito Santo, but originally named Hagia Anastasis .It was re-consecrated as the Chalcedonian cathedral of Saint Teodoro in 526 AD.
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SCULTURE LIGNEE dal Museo Nazionale di San Matteo di PISA