Augustine Monastry

046- Buy Augustijn Blond beer online - Brewery Van Steenberge - Belgian Beers Shop (BelgianShop.com)

In 1295 the Augustinian friars started to brew Augustijn in their Ghent monastery. .....
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An Introduction to the Sint Stefanus Monastery

St. Stefanus, whilst not a Trappist beer, still has strong links to the monastery it originated from.
Although the brewing of our speciality beer has moved outside the walls of the Sint Stefanus Monastery to the Van Steenberge Brewery nearby, a strong relationship exists between the two establishments. Because of this link, St. Stefanus is a Belgian abbey beer with a rich history that is now protected by both the Augustinian Order at Sint Stefanus and our family of brewers.

Website:
st-stefanus.com/uk/

Facebook:
facebook.com/StStefanusBeer/

Twitter:
twitter.com/StStefanus

Instagram
instagram.com/st.stefanus/

Please drink responsibly. For the facts about alcohol consumption, please visit

Three Hilariously Terrible Popes

“Demon pope, perv pope, and... well, you’ll see.”

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#219 Brouwerij Van SteenBerge | Augustijn Blonde 7%ABV (Belgian Craft Beer)

Brewery - Brouwerij Van SteenBerge
Location - Ertvelde, Belgium.
Beer - Augustijn Blonde
Style - Belgian Blond Ale
ABV - 7%
IBUs - Not Available.
Reviewed on - 28th March 2016.
Commercial Description - Contract brewed since 1978 by Van Steenberge for the Augustinian monastery at Stephen’s Church in Ghent using the original yeast culture. Sold outside of Belgium as St Stefanus, after the church, to differentiate it from beers that may be made by other Augustinian communities. The monastery receives money from each sale.
Ingredients: Pale, Pilsener and Munich malts; brewing sugar; Saaz, German Hallertau; additional bittering hops.
Partially filtered after primary fermentation, then cool matured for four weeks. Filtered and then reseeded with Brett and another yeast, and warm conditioned for two weeks. Bottled and stored for a minimum three months before distribution.

My Belgian Beer & Craft Beer Playlist below:

Purchased at Snack-bar Moisès, Santa Cruz, Madeira. #kentbeerreviews

Counter-Reformation | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:



00:03:36 1 Precursor
00:08:33 2 Council of Trent
00:14:21 3 Religious orders
00:19:21 4 Politics in the Netherlands
00:22:25 5 Spiritual movements
00:25:26 6 Baroque art
00:26:47 6.1 Decrees on art
00:31:17 7 Church music
00:31:27 7.1 Reforms before the Council of Trent
00:34:13 7.2 Reforms during the 22nd session
00:38:17 7.2.1 Saviour-Legend
00:40:41 7.3 Reforms following the Council of Trent
00:46:37 8 Calendrical studies
00:48:50 9 Areas affected
00:49:35 10 Major figures
00:51:24 11 See also
00:52:04 12 Footnotes
00:52:14 13 Further reading
00:55:44 13.1 Primary sources
00:56:04 13.2 Historiography
00:57:14 14 External links



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

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Speaking Rate: 0.8154426933185664
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C


I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
The Counter-Reformation (Latin: Contrareformatio), also called the Catholic Reformation (Latin: Reformatio Catholica) or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation, beginning with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) and ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War (1648). Initiated to preserve the power, influence and material wealth enjoyed by the Catholic Church and to present a theological and material challenge to Reformation, the Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of five major elements:

Defense of Catholic sacramental practice;
Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration;
Religious orders;
Spiritual movements;
Political dimensions.Such reforms included the foundation of seminaries for the proper training of priests in the spiritual life and the theological traditions of the church, the reform of religious life by returning orders to their spiritual foundations, and new spiritual movements focusing on the devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, including the Spanish mystics and the French school of spirituality.It also involved political activities that included the Roman Inquisition. One primary emphasis of the Counter-Reformation was a mission to reach parts of the world that had been colonized as predominantly Catholic and also try to reconvert areas such as Sweden and England that were at one time Catholic, but had been Protestantized during the Reformation.Various Counter-Reformation theologians focused only on defending doctrinal positions such as the sacraments and pious practices that were attacked by the Protestant reformers, up to the Second Vatican Council in 1962–1965. One of the most dramatic moments at that council was the intervention of Belgian Bishop Émile-Joseph De Smed when, during the debate on the nature of the church, he called for an end to the triumphalism, clericalism, and juridicism that had typified the church in the previous centuries.Key events of the period include: the Council of Trent (1545–1563); the excommunication of Elizabeth I (1570) and the Battle of Lepanto (1571), both occurring during the pontificate of Pius V; the construction of the Gregorian observatory, the adoption of the Gregorian calendar, and the Jesuit China mission of Matteo Ricci under Pope Gregory XIII; the French Wars of Religion; the Long Turkish War and the execution of Giordano Bruno in 1600, under Pope Clement VIII; the birth of the Lyncean Academy of the Papal States, of which the main figure was Galileo Galilei (later put on trial); the final phases of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) during the pontificates of Urban VIII and Innocent X; and the formation of the last Holy League by Innocent XI during the Great Turkish War.

Counter-Reformation | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:



00:03:44 1 Documents
00:03:53 1.1 iConfutatio Augustana/i
00:04:10 1.2 Council of Trent
00:09:23 1.3 iIndex Librorum Prohibitorum/i
00:10:10 1.4 iRoman Catechism/i
00:10:26 1.5 iNova ordinantia ecclesiastica/i
00:11:01 1.6 iDefensio Tridentinæ fidei/i
00:11:21 1.7 iUnigenitus/i
00:11:59 2 Politics
00:12:08 2.1 British isles
00:12:17 2.2 The Netherlands
00:15:00 2.3 Germany
00:16:20 2.3.1 Cologne
00:16:49 2.4 Belgium
00:16:57 2.5 Bohemia and Austria
00:18:51 2.6 France
00:19:33 2.7 Italy
00:19:41 2.8 Poland and Lithuania
00:19:50 2.9 Spain
00:19:58 2.10 Eastern Rites
00:20:07 2.10.1 Middle east
00:20:15 2.10.2 Ukraine
00:21:08 2.11 Areas affected
00:21:48 3 Spiritual movements
00:21:57 3.1 Precursors
00:26:25 3.2 Religious orders
00:30:55 3.3 Devotion and mysticism
00:33:41 3.4 Baroque art
00:34:54 3.4.1 Decrees on art
00:38:57 3.5 Church music
00:39:05 3.5.1 Reforms before the Council of Trent
00:41:41 3.5.2 Reforms during the 22nd session
00:45:21 3.5.3 Saviour-Legend
00:47:31 3.5.4 Reforms following the Council of Trent
00:52:38 3.6 Calendrical studies
00:54:57 4 Major figures
00:56:38 5 See also
00:57:09 6 Footnotes
00:57:18 7 Further reading
01:00:31 7.1 Primary sources
01:00:49 7.2 Historiography
01:01:53 8 External links



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

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Speaking Rate: 0.8699801136079592
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-A


I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
The Counter-Reformation (Latin: Contrareformatio), also called the Catholic Reformation (Latin: Reformatio Catholica) or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation. It began with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) and largely ended with the 1781 Patent of Toleration, although smaller expulsions of Protestants continued into the 19th century. Initiated to preserve the power, influence and material wealth enjoyed by the Catholic Church and to present a theological and material challenge to Reformation, the Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of apologetic and polemical documents, ecclesiastical reconfiguration as decreed by the Council of Trent, a series of wars, political maneuvering including the efforts of Imperial Diets of the Holy Roman Empire, exiling of Protestant populations, confiscation of Protestant children for Catholic institutionalized upbringing, heresy trials and the Inquisition, anti-corruption efforts, spiritual movements, and the founding of new religious orders.
Such reforms included the foundation of seminaries for the proper training of priests in the spiritual life and the theological traditions of the church, the reform of religious life by returning orders to their spiritual foundations, and new spiritual movements focusing on the devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, including the Spanish mystics and the French school of spirituality.It also involved political activities that included the Roman Inquisition and the expulsion of hundreds of thousands of Protestants. One primary emphasis of the Counter-Reformation was a mission to reach parts of the world that had been colonized as predominantly Catholic and also try to reconvert areas such as Sweden and England that were at one time Catholic, but had been Protestantized during the Reformation.Various Counter-Reformation theologians focused only on defending doctrinal positions such as the sacraments and pious practices that were attacked by the Protestant reformers, up to the Second Vatican Council in 1962–1965. One of the most dramatic moments at that council was the intervention of Belgian Bishop Émile-Joseph De Smed when, during the debate on the nature of the church, he called for an end to the triumphalism, clericalism, and juridicism that had typified the church in the previous centuries.Key events of the period include: the Council of Trent ( ...

Counter-Reformation | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Counter-Reformation


00:02:52 1 Precursor
00:06:44 2 Council of Trent
00:11:17 3 Religious orders
00:15:10 4 Politics in the Netherlands
00:17:35 5 Spiritual movements
00:19:58 6 Baroque art
00:21:04 6.1 Decrees on art
00:24:35 7 Church music
00:24:44 7.1 Reforms before the Council of Trent
00:26:58 7.2 Reforms during the 22nd session
00:30:10 7.2.1 Saviour-Legend
00:32:04 7.3 Reforms following the Council of Trent
00:36:45 8 Calendrical studies
00:38:30 9 Areas affected
00:39:06 10 Major figures
00:40:33 11 See also
00:41:06 12 Footnotes
00:41:14 13 Further reading
00:44:01 13.1 Primary sources
00:44:18 13.2 Historiography
00:45:14 14 External links



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:


You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:




The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
The Counter-Reformation (Latin: Contrareformatio), also called the Catholic Reformation (Latin: Reformatio Catholica) or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation, beginning with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) and ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War (1648). Initiated to preserve the power, influence and material wealth enjoyed by the Catholic Church and to present a theological and material challenge to Reformation, the Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of five major elements:

Defense of Catholic sacramental practice;
Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration;
Religious orders;
Spiritual movements;
Political dimensions.Such reforms included the foundation of seminaries for the proper training of priests in the spiritual life and the theological traditions of the church, the reform of religious life by returning orders to their spiritual foundations, and new spiritual movements focusing on the devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, including the Spanish mystics and the French school of spirituality.It also involved political activities that included the Roman Inquisition. One primary emphasis of the Counter-Reformation was a mission to reach parts of the world that had been colonized as predominantly Catholic and also try to reconvert areas such as Sweden and England that were at one time Catholic, but had been Protestantized during the Reformation.Various Counter-Reformation theologians focused only on defending doctrinal positions such as the sacraments and pious practices that were attacked by the Protestant reformers, up to the Second Vatican Council in 1962–1965. One of the most dramatic moments at that council was the intervention of Belgian Bishop Émile-Joseph De Smed when, during the debate on the nature of the church, he called for an end to the triumphalism, clericalism, and juridicism that had typified the church in the previous centuries.Key events of the period include: the Council of Trent (1545–1563); the excommunication of Elizabeth I (1570) and the Battle of Lepanto (1571), both occurring during the pontificate of Pius V; the construction of the Gregorian observatory, the adoption of the Gregorian calendar, and the Jesuit China mission of Matteo Ricci under Pope Gregory XIII; the French Wars of Religion; the Long Turkish War and the execution of Giordano Bruno in 1600, under Pope Clement VIII; the birth of the Lyncean Academy of the Papal States, of which the main figure was Galileo Galilei (later put on trial); the final phases of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) during the pontificates of Urban VIII and Innocent X; and the formation of the last Holy League by Innocent XI during the Great Turkish War.

Counter-Reformation | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Counter-Reformation

Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:


You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:




The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
The Counter-Reformation (Latin: Contrareformatio), also called the Catholic Reformation (Latin: Reformatio Catholica) or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation, beginning with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) and ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War (1648). Initiated to preserve the power, influence and material wealth enjoyed by the Catholic Church and to present a theological and material challenge to Reformation, the Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of five major elements:

Reactionary defense of Catholic sacramental practice
Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration
Religious orders
Spiritual movements
Political dimensionsSuch reforms included the foundation of seminaries for the proper training of priests in the spiritual life and the theological traditions of the church, the reform of religious life by returning orders to their spiritual foundations, and new spiritual movements focusing on the devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, including the Spanish mystics and the French school of spirituality.It also involved political activities that included the Roman Inquisition. One primary emphasis of the Counter-Reformation was a mission to reach parts of the world that had been colonized as predominantly Catholic and also try to reconvert areas such as Sweden and England that were at one time Catholic, but had been Protestantized during the Reformation.Various Counter-Reformation theologians focused only on defending doctrinal positions such as the sacraments and pious practices that were attacked by the Protestant reformers, up to the Second Vatican Council in 1962–1965. One of the most dramatic moments at that council was the intervention of Belgian Bishop Emiel-Jozef de Smedt when, during the debate on the nature of the church, he called for an end to the triumphalism, clericalism, and juridicism that had typified the church in the previous centuries.Key events of the period include: the Council of Trent (1545–1563); the excommunication of Elizabeth I (1570) and the Battle of Lepanto (1571), both occurring during the pontificate of Pius V; the adoption of the Gregorian Calendar and the Jesuit China mission of Matteo Ricci under Pope Gregory XIII; the French Wars of Religion; the Long Turkish War and the execution of Giordano Bruno in 1600, under Pope Clement VIII; the trial against Galileo Galilei; the final phases of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) during the pontificates of Urban VIII and Innocent X; and the formation of the last Holy League by Innocent XI during the Great Turkish War.

Me ringing bells

Ringing bells

Timeline of Christian missions | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:



00:00:12 1 Apostolic Age
00:01:57 2 Early Christianity
00:05:57 3 Era of the seven Ecumenical Councils
00:16:04 4 Middle Ages
00:19:07 5 1000 to 1499
00:27:30 6 1500 to 1600
00:44:58 7 1600 to 1699
01:03:37 8 1700 to 1799
01:26:16 9 1800 to 1849
01:42:16 10 1850 to 1899
01:59:20 11 1900 to 1949
02:11:58 12 1950 to 1999
02:24:01 13 2000 to present
02:26:46 14 Footnotes
02:26:55 15 See also



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

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Speaking Rate: 0.7752023995226462
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-B


I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
This timeline of Christian missions chronicles the global expansion of Christianity through a listing of the most significant missionary outreach events.

Jansenism | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Jansenism

Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
Jansenism was a theological movement, primarily in France, that emphasized original sin, human depravity, the necessity of divine grace and predestination. The movement originated from the posthumously published work of the Dutch theologian Cornelius Jansen, who died in 1638. It was first popularized by Jansen's friend Abbot Jean du Vergier de Hauranne, of Saint-Cyran-en-Brenne Abbey, and, after du Vergier's death in 1643, was led by Antoine Arnauld. Through the 17th and into the 18th centuries, Jansenism was a distinct movement away from the Catholic Church. The theological centre of the movement was the convent of Port-Royal-des-Champs Abbey, which was a haven for writers including du Vergier, Arnauld, Pierre Nicole, Blaise Pascal and Jean Racine.
Jansenism was opposed by many in the Catholic hierarchy, especially the Jesuits. Although the Jansenists identified themselves only as rigorous followers of Augustine of Hippo's teachings, Jesuits coined the term Jansenism to identify them as having Calvinist affinities. The apostolic constitution, Cum occasione promulgated by Pope Innocent X in 1653, condemned five cardinal doctrines of Jansenism as heresy—especially the relationship between human free will and efficacious grace, wherein the teachings of Augustine, as presented by the Jansenists, contradicted the teachings of the Jesuit School. Jansenist leaders endeavored to accommodate the pope's pronouncements while retaining their uniqueness, and enjoyed a measure of peace in the late 17th century under Pope Clement IX. However, further controversy led to the apostolic constitution Unigenitus Dei Filius, promulgated by Pope Clement XI in 1713.

List of Catholic artists | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
List of Catholic artists

Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

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- increases imagination and understanding
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audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
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In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.



SUMMARY
=======
This list of Catholic artists concerns artists known, at least in part, for their works of religious Roman Catholic art. It may also include artists whose position as a Roman Catholic priest or missionary was vital to their artistic works or development. Because of the title, it is preferred that at least some of their artwork be in or commissioned for Catholic churches, which includes Eastern Catholic Churches in communion with the Pope.
Note that this is not a list of all artists who have ever been members of the Roman Catholic Church. Please do not add entries here without providing support for those artists having specifically Roman Catholic religious art among their works, or having Roman Catholicism as a major aspect in their careers as artists. Further, seeing as many to most Western European artists from the 5th century to the Protestant Reformation did at least some Catholic religious art, this list will supplement by linking to lists of artists of those eras rather than focusing on names of those eras.

François Guizot | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
François Guizot


00:01:44 1 Early years
00:05:33 2 The Man of Ghent
00:10:46 3 A minister of the Citizen-King
00:14:09 4 The second Soult government
00:20:29 5 1848 and after
00:27:07 6 Legacy
00:28:50 7 Quotes
00:29:15 8 Works
00:34:09 9 See also



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
François Pierre Guillaume Guizot (French: [fʁɑ̃swa pjɛʁ ɡijom ɡizo]; 4 October 1787 – 12 September 1874) was a French historian, orator, and statesman. Guizot was a dominant figure in French politics prior to the Revolution of 1848. A moderate liberal who opposed the attempt by King Charles X to usurp legislative power, he worked to sustain a constitutional monarchy following the July Revolution of 1830.
He then served the citizen king Louis Philippe, as Minister of Education, 1832–37, ambassador to London, Foreign Minister 1840–1847, and finally Prime Minister of France from 19 September 1847 to 23 February 1848. Guizot's influence was critical in expanding public education, which under his ministry saw the creation of primary schools in every French commune. But as a leader of the Doctrinaires, committed to supporting the policies of Louis Phillipe and limitations on further expansion of the political franchise, he earned the hatred of more left-leaning liberals and republicans through his unswerving support for restricting suffrage to propertied men, advising those who wanted the vote to enrich yourselves (enrichissez-vous) through hard work and thrift.
As Prime Minister, it was Guizot's ban on the political meetings (called the campagne des banquets or the Paris Banquets, which were held by moderate liberals who wanted a larger extension of the franchise) of an increasingly vigorous opposition in January 1848 that catalyzed the revolution that toppled Louis Philippe in February and saw the establishment of the French Second Republic.

Jansenism | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:



00:02:01 1 Origins
00:04:29 2 Jansenist theology
00:07:11 3 Controversy and papal condemnation: 1640–1653
00:14:34 4 Formulary controversy
00:14:44 4.1 Background: 1654–1664
00:18:49 4.2 Formulary: 1664
00:19:39 4.3 Formulary controversy: 1664–1669
00:23:20 5 Case of Conscience and aftermath: 1701–1709
00:27:07 6 Case of Quesnel
00:32:41 7 Factionalism
00:35:51 8 In the Spanish Netherlands and the Dutch Republic
00:38:54 9 Legacy
00:41:37 10 See also



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Speaking Rate: 0.8266316581156496
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-A


I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
Jansenism was a theological movement, primarily in France, that emphasized original sin, human depravity, the necessity of divine grace and predestination. The movement originated from the posthumously published work of the Dutch theologian Cornelius Jansen, who died in 1638. It was first popularized by Jansen's friend Abbot Jean du Vergier de Hauranne, of Saint-Cyran-en-Brenne Abbey, and, after du Vergier's death in 1643, was led by Antoine Arnauld. Through the 17th and into the 18th centuries, Jansenism was a distinct movement away from the Catholic Church. The theological centre of the movement was the convent of Port-Royal-des-Champs Abbey, which was a haven for writers including du Vergier, Arnauld, Pierre Nicole, Blaise Pascal and Jean Racine.
Jansenism was opposed by many in the Catholic hierarchy, especially the Jesuits. Although the Jansenists identified themselves only as rigorous followers of Augustine of Hippo's teachings, Jesuits coined the term Jansenism to identify them as having Calvinist affinities. The apostolic constitution, Cum occasione promulgated by Pope Innocent X in 1653, condemned five cardinal doctrines of Jansenism as heresy—especially the relationship between human free will and efficacious grace, wherein the teachings of Augustine, as presented by the Jansenists, contradicted the teachings of the Jesuit School. Jansenist leaders endeavored to accommodate the pope's pronouncements while retaining their uniqueness, and enjoyed a measure of peace in the late 17th century under Pope Clement IX. However, further controversy led to the apostolic constitution Unigenitus Dei Filius, promulgated by Pope Clement XI in 1713.

Jansenism | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:



00:01:50 1 Origins
00:04:04 2 Jansenist theology
00:06:31 3 Controversy and papal condemnation: 1640–1653
00:13:14 4 Formulary controversy
00:13:24 4.1 Background: 1654–1664
00:17:07 4.2 Formulary: 1664
00:17:53 4.3 Formulary controversy: 1664–1669
00:21:12 5 Case of Conscience and aftermath: 1701–1709
00:24:41 6 Case of Quesnel
00:29:48 7 Factionalism
00:32:37 8 In the Spanish Netherlands and the Dutch Republic
00:35:24 9 Legacy
00:37:52 10 See also



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:

Other Wikipedia audio articles at:

Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:

Speaking Rate: 0.9869246791969994
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C


I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
Jansenism was a theological movement, primarily in France, that emphasized original sin, human depravity, the necessity of divine grace and predestination. The movement originated from the posthumously published work of the Dutch theologian Cornelius Jansen, who died in 1638. It was first popularized by Jansen's friend Abbot Jean du Vergier de Hauranne, of Saint-Cyran-en-Brenne Abbey, and, after du Vergier's death in 1643, was led by Antoine Arnauld. Through the 17th and into the 18th centuries, Jansenism was a distinct movement away from the Catholic Church. The theological centre of the movement was the convent of Port-Royal-des-Champs Abbey, which was a haven for writers including du Vergier, Arnauld, Pierre Nicole, Blaise Pascal and Jean Racine.
Jansenism was opposed by many in the Catholic hierarchy, especially the Jesuits. Although the Jansenists identified themselves only as rigorous followers of Augustine of Hippo's teachings, Jesuits coined the term Jansenism to identify them as having Calvinist affinities. The apostolic constitution, Cum occasione promulgated by Pope Innocent X in 1653, condemned five cardinal doctrines of Jansenism as heresy—especially the relationship between human free will and efficacious grace, wherein the teachings of Augustine, as presented by the Jansenists, contradicted the teachings of the Jesuit School. Jansenist leaders endeavored to accommodate the pope's pronouncements while retaining their uniqueness, and enjoyed a measure of peace in the late 17th century under Pope Clement IX. However, further controversy led to the apostolic constitution Unigenitus Dei Filius, promulgated by Pope Clement XI in 1713.

Jansenism | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Jansenism


00:01:45 1 Origins
00:03:51 2 Jansenist theology
00:06:11 3 Controversy and papal condemnation: 1640–1653
00:12:34 4 Formulary controversy
00:12:44 4.1 Background: 1654–1664
00:16:17 4.2 Formulary: 1664
00:17:01 4.3 Formulary controversy: 1664–1669
00:20:10 5 Case of Conscience and aftermath: 1701–1709
00:23:28 6 Case of Quesnel
00:28:19 7 Factionalism
00:31:01 8 In the Spanish Netherlands and the Dutch Republic
00:33:39 9 Legacy
00:36:01 10 See also



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:


You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:




The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
Jansenism was a theological movement, primarily in France, that emphasized original sin, human depravity, the necessity of divine grace and predestination. The movement originated from the posthumously published work of the Dutch theologian Cornelius Jansen, who died in 1638. It was first popularized by Jansen's friend Abbot Jean du Vergier de Hauranne, of Saint-Cyran-en-Brenne Abbey, and, after du Vergier's death in 1643, was led by Antoine Arnauld. Through the 17th and into the 18th centuries, Jansenism was a distinct movement away from the Catholic Church. The theological centre of the movement was the convent of Port-Royal-des-Champs Abbey, which was a haven for writers including du Vergier, Arnauld, Pierre Nicole, Blaise Pascal and Jean Racine.
Jansenism was opposed by many in the Catholic hierarchy, especially the Jesuits. Although the Jansenists identified themselves only as rigorous followers of Augustine of Hippo's teachings, Jesuits coined the term Jansenism to identify them as having Calvinist affinities. The apostolic constitution, Cum occasione promulgated by Pope Innocent X in 1653, condemned five cardinal doctrines of Jansenism as heresy—especially the relationship between human free will and efficacious grace, wherein the teachings of Augustine, as presented by the Jansenists, contradicted the teachings of the Jesuit School. Jansenist leaders endeavored to accommodate the pope's pronouncements while retaining their uniqueness, and enjoyed a measure of peace in the late 17th century under Pope Clement IX. However, further controversy led to the apostolic constitution Unigenitus Dei Filius, promulgated by Pope Clement XI in 1713.