The First Voyage of James Cook
Be taken from Botany Bay to an animated journey of Captain James Cook and his crew on the Endeavour. What are the secret orders he was given once he finished his mission in Tahiti?
James Cook | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
James Cook
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Captain James Cook (7 November 1728 – 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the Royal Navy. Cook made detailed maps of Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean, during which he achieved the first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands, and the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand.
Cook joined the British merchant navy as a teenager and joined the Royal Navy in 1755. He saw action in the Seven Years' War and subsequently surveyed and mapped much of the entrance to the Saint Lawrence River during the siege of Quebec. This helped bring Cook to the attention of the Admiralty and Royal Society. This acclaim came at a crucial moment in both Cook's career and the direction of British overseas exploration, and led to his commission in 1766 as commander of HM Bark Endeavour for the first of three Pacific voyages.
In three voyages, Cook sailed thousands of miles across largely uncharted areas of the globe. He mapped lands from New Zealand to Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean in greater detail and on a scale not previously achieved. As he progressed on his voyages of discovery, he surveyed and named features, and he recorded islands and coastlines on European maps for the first time. He displayed a combination of seamanship, superior surveying and cartographic skills, physical courage, and an ability to lead men in adverse conditions.
Cook was attacked and killed in 1779 during his third exploratory voyage in the Pacific while attempting to kidnap Kalaniʻōpuʻu, a Hawaiian chief, in order to reclaim a cutter stolen from one of his ships. He left a legacy of scientific and geographical knowledge which influenced his successors well into the 20th century, and numerous memorials worldwide have been dedicated to him.
William Dampier
William Dampier was the first Englishman to explore parts of what is today Australia, and the first person to circumnavigate the world three times. He has also been described as Australia's first natural historian, as well as one of the most important British explorers of the period between Sir Walter Raleigh and James Cook.
After impressing the British Admiralty with his book, A New Voyage Round the World, Dampier was given command of a Royal Navy ship and made important discoveries in western Australia, but was court-martialled for cruelty. On a later voyage, he rescued Alexander Selkirk, a former crewmate who may have inspired Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe. Others influenced by Dampier include James Cook, Lord Nelson, Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace.
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Article text available under CC-BY-SA
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Chasing Venus lecture series, Part 2: Endeavour's Wake: Captain Cook and the Transit of Venus
Endeavour's Wake: Captain Cook and the Transit of Venus, Richard Fischer, NASA Office of Space Science, Washington, DC
Chapter 1 - Introduction, Ron Brashear, Chasing Venus Curator 0:01
Chapter 2 - Explaining the Transit's Parallax 03:58
Chapter 3 - History of Captain Cook Voyages 12:35
Chapter 4 -Transit of Venus Data (2004-2012) 22:10
Chapter 5 - Transit of Mercury 23:34
Chapter 6 - Cook's Legacy 26:48
Chapter 7 - Question & Answer 29:30
European and American voyages of scientific exploration | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:00:38 1 Maritime exploration in the Age of Discovery
00:03:42 2 Maritime exploration in the Age of Enlightenment
00:06:33 2.1 Chronology of voyages
00:06:58 2.1.1 1735–39: French Geodesic Mission
00:09:11 2.1.2 1764–66: HMS iDolphin/i
00:10:22 2.1.3 1766–68: HMS iDolphin/i and HMS iSwallow/i
00:11:55 2.1.4 1766: HMS iNiger/i
00:12:41 2.1.5 1766–69: iLa Boudeuse/i and iL'Étoile/i
00:14:45 2.1.6 1768–71: HMS iEndeavour/i
00:17:06 2.1.7 1771–72: iIsle de France/i and iLe Nécessaire/i
00:17:51 2.1.8 1772: iSir Lawrence/i
00:18:25 2.1.9 1772–75: HMS iResolution/i and HMS iAdventure/i
00:19:44 2.1.10 1771–72: iLa Fortune/i and iLe Gros-Ventre/i
00:20:13 2.1.11 1773–74: iLe Roland/i and iL'Oiseau/i
00:20:46 2.1.12 1773–74: HMS iRacehorse/i and HMS iCarcass/i
00:21:37 2.1.13 1776–80: HMS iResolution/i and HMS iDiscovery/i
00:22:46 2.1.14 1785–88: iLa Boussole/i and iL'Astrolabe/i
00:24:14 2.1.15 1785–88: HMS iKing George/i
00:24:31 2.1.16 1785–94: iSlava Rossii/i
00:25:55 2.1.17 1790–91: iLa Solide/i
00:26:30 2.1.18 1789–94: iDescubierta/i and iAtrevida/i
00:28:13 2.1.19 1791–94: iLa Recherche/i and iL'Espérance/i
00:30:25 2.1.20 1791–93: HMS iProvidence/i
00:31:31 2.1.21 1791–95: HMS iDiscovery/i and HMS iChatham/i
00:33:26 2.1.22 1800–04: iLe Géographe/i and iNaturaliste/i
00:36:09 2.1.23 1801–03: HMS iInvestigator/i
00:37:24 2.1.24 1803–06: iNadezhda/i and iNeva/i
00:39:09 2.1.25 1815–18: iRurik/i
00:40:27 2.1.26 1817–20: iL'Uranie/i and iLa Physicienne/i
00:42:25 2.1.27 1819–21: iLe Rhône/i and iLa Durance/i
00:43:09 2.1.28 1822–25: iLa Coquille/i
00:45:04 2.1.29 1823–26: iPredpriyatiye/i
00:46:31 2.1.30 1824–25: HMS iBlonde/i
00:48:16 2.1.31 1824–26: iLe Thétis/i and iL'Espérance/i
00:49:12 2.1.32 1825–28: HMS iBlossom/i
00:50:27 2.1.33 1825–30: HMS iAdventure/i and HMS iBeagle/i
00:52:20 2.1.34 1826–29: iL'Astrolabe/i
00:53:23 2.1.35 1826–29: iSenyavin/i and iMoller/i
00:54:44 2.1.36 1827–28: iLa Chevrette/i
00:55:09 2.1.37 1828: Ms. Korvet iTriton/i
00:55:35 2.1.38 1829: iLa Cybèle/i
00:56:25 2.1.39 1829–32: iLa Favorite/i
00:57:51 2.1.40 1831–36: HMS iBeagle/i
00:59:53 2.1.41 1835 and 1836: iLa Recherche/i
01:00:45 2.1.42 1836–39: iVénus/i
01:01:40 2.1.43 1836–37: iLa Bonite/i
01:02:56 2.1.44 1836–42: HMS iSulphur/i
01:04:00 2.1.45 1837–40: iL'Astrolabe/i and iLa Zélée/i
01:07:02 2.1.46 1837–43: HMS iBeagle/i
01:08:21 2.1.47 1838–42: USS iVincennes/i and USS iPeacock/i
01:11:29 2.1.48 1839–43: HMS iErebus/i and HMS iTerror/i
01:13:47 2.1.49 1841–1844: iLa Favorite/i
01:14:16 2.1.50 1842–46: HMS iFly/i
01:15:45 2.1.51 1846–50: HMS iRattlesnake/i and HMS iBramble/i
01:17:17 2.1.52 1851–54: iCapricieuse/i
01:18:19 2.1.53 1851–53: iEugenie/i
01:19:21 2.1.54 1852–63: HMS iHerald/i
01:20:37 2.1.55 1853–55: USS iVincennes/i and USS iPorpoise/i
01:21:29 2.1.56 1857–60: SMS iNovara/i
01:22:38 2.1.57 1860: HMS iBulldog/i
01:23:25 2.1.58 1865–68: iMagenta/i
01:25:33 2.1.59 1865: HMS iCuracoa/i
01:26:36 2.1.60 1868 and 1869–1870: HMS iLightning/i and HMS iPorcupine/i
01:27:34 2.1.61 1873–76: HMS iChallenger/i
01:29:14 2.1.62 1875–76: HMS iAlert/i and HMS iDiscovery/i
01:30:12 2.1.63 1881: USRC iThomas Corwin/i
01:31:21 2.1.64 1882–83: iLa Romanche/i
01:32:03 2.1.65 1882–85: iVettor Pisani/i
01:32:21 2.1.66 1886–96: USS iAlbatross/i
01:33:06 2.1.67 1897–98: iLila and Mattie/i
01:34:40 2.1.68 1897–98: iBelgica/i
01:35:27 2.1.69 1898–99: iValdivia/i
01:36:42 3 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9554706417624472
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The era of European and American voyages of scientific exploration followed the Age of Discovery and were inspired by a new confidence in science ...
Brisbane
Brisbane /ˈbrɪzbən/ is the capital and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland, and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of 2.24 million, and the South East Queensland urban conurbation, centred on Brisbane, encompasses a population of more than 3 million. The Brisbane central business district stands on the original European settlement and is situated inside a bend of the Brisbane River, approximately 15 kilometres (9 miles) from its mouth at Moreton Bay. The metropolitan area extends in all directions along the floodplain of the Brisbane River valley between Moreton Bay and the Great Dividing Range. The metropolitan area sprawls across several of Australia's most populous local government areas, including the City of Brisbane, which is by far the most populous LGA in the nation. The demonym of Brisbane is Brisbanite.
Brisbane is named after the Brisbane River on which it is located, which in turn was named after Scotsman Sir Thomas Brisbane, the Governor of New South Wales from 1821 to 1825. The first European settlement in Queensland was a penal colony at Redcliffe, 28 kilometres (17 mi) north of the central business district, which was founded in 1824. That settlement was soon abandoned and moved to North Quay in 1825. Free settlers were permitted from 1842. Brisbane was chosen as the capital when Queensland was proclaimed a separate colony from New South Wales in 1859.
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Sydney | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Sydney
00:03:53 1 History
00:04:02 1.1 First inhabitants
00:05:56 1.2 Establishment of the colony
00:10:29 1.2.1 Conflicts
00:12:01 1.3 Modern development
00:12:10 1.3.1 19th century
00:14:20 1.3.2 20th century–present
00:18:01 2 Geography
00:18:10 2.1 Topography
00:19:42 2.2 Geology
00:20:43 2.3 Ecology
00:21:57 2.4 Climate
00:26:10 3 Regions
00:26:47 3.1 Inner suburbs
00:29:20 3.1.1 Inner West
00:30:41 3.2 Eastern suburbs
00:32:43 3.3 Southern Sydney
00:33:50 3.4 Northern suburbs
00:36:24 3.5 Hills district
00:37:26 3.6 Western suburbs
00:40:28 4 Urban structure
00:40:37 4.1 Architecture
00:45:52 4.2 Housing
00:48:24 4.3 Parks and open spaces
00:50:43 5 Economy
00:53:06 5.1 Corporate citizens
00:53:52 5.2 Domestic economics
00:57:26 5.3 Financial services
00:59:25 5.4 Manufacturing
01:00:30 5.5 Tourism and international education
01:02:39 6 Demographics
01:06:05 7 Culture
01:06:13 7.1 Science, art, and history
01:08:26 7.2 Entertainment
01:13:09 7.3 Religion
01:14:04 7.4 Media
01:16:00 8 Sport and outdoor activities
01:20:59 9 Government
01:21:08 9.1 Historical governance
01:22:59 9.2 Government in the present
01:25:46 10 Infrastructure
01:25:55 10.1 Education
01:28:51 10.2 Health
01:30:59 10.3 Transport
01:37:07 10.4 Environmental issues and pollution reduction
01:40:08 10.5 Utilities
01:42:02 11 Sister cities
01:43:06 12 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Sydney ( (listen)) is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Port Jackson and extends about 70 km (43.5 mi) on its periphery towards the Blue Mountains to the west, Hawkesbury to the north, and Macarthur to the south. Sydney is made up of 658 suburbs, 40 local government areas and 15 contiguous regions. Residents of the city are known as Sydneysiders. As of June 2017, Sydney's estimated metropolitan population was 5,131,326.Indigenous Australians have inhabited the Sydney area for at least 30,000 years, and it remains one of the richest in Australia in terms of Aboriginal archaeological sites, with thousands of engravings located throughout the region. In 1770, during his first Pacific voyage in the Endeavour, Lieutenant James Cook, after leaving Botany Bay, saw the entrance to Port Jackson, but sailed past and did not enter the inlet. In 1788, the First Fleet of convicts, led by Arthur Phillip, were the first recorded Europeans to sail into Port Jackson. Here they founded Sydney as a British penal colony, the first European settlement in Australia. Phillip named the city Sydney in recognition of Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney. Penal transportation to New South Wales ended soon after Sydney was incorporated as a city in 1842. A gold rush occurred in the colony in 1851, and over the next century, Sydney transformed from a colonial outpost into a major global cultural and economic centre. After World War II, it experienced mass migration and became one of the most multicultural cities in the world. At the time of the 2011 census, more than 250 different languages were spoken in Sydney and about 40 percent of residents spoke a language other than English at home. Furthermore, 36% of the population reported having been born overseas.Despite being one of the most expensive cities in the world, the 2018 Mercer Quality of Living Survey ranks Sydney tenth in the world in terms of quality of living, making it one of the most livable cities. It is classified as an Alpha World City by Globalization and World Cities Research Network, indicating its influence in the region and throughout the world. Ranked eleventh in the world for economic opportunity, Sydney has an advanced market economy with strengths in finance, manufacturing and tourism. There is a significant concentration of foreign banks and multinational corporations in Sydney and the city is promoted as one of Asia Pacific's leading financial hubs. Established in 1850, the U ...
Brisbane | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:41 1 History
00:03:51 1.1 Before the 19th century
00:04:37 1.2 The 19th century
00:08:46 1.3 Twentieth century
00:12:21 1.4 Twenty-first century
00:13:14 2 Geography
00:15:24 2.1 Urban structure
00:19:25 2.2 Climate
00:25:23 3 Governance
00:26:42 4 Economy
00:29:15 4.1 Port of Brisbane
00:30:10 5 Demographics
00:30:55 5.1 Ancestry and immigration
00:32:31 5.2 Language
00:33:10 5.3 Religion
00:34:17 6 Education
00:35:45 7 Infrastructure
00:35:55 7.1 Transport
00:41:22 7.2 Utilities and healthcare
00:44:11 7.3 Aged care
00:46:13 8 Culture
00:46:29 8.1 Queensland Gallery of Modern Art
00:47:31 8.2 Arts and classical culture
00:47:41 8.3 Venues and classical performers
00:48:47 8.4 Theatres
00:49:53 8.5 In popular culture
00:50:15 8.6 Live music
00:51:26 8.7 Musicians
00:53:27 8.8 Music references
00:54:05 9 Notable people
00:54:15 10 Sport
00:56:26 11 Annual events
00:58:50 12 Tourism and recreation
01:01:00 13 Media
01:01:10 13.1 Print
01:02:01 13.2 Television
01:03:27 13.3 Radio
01:04:36 14 Brisbane nicknames
01:05:29 15 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9281373707256823
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Brisbane ( (listen)) is the capital of and the most populated city in the Australian state of Queensland, and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of approximately 2.5 million, and the South East Queensland metropolitan region, centred on Brisbane, encompasses a population of more than 3.6 million. The Brisbane central business district stands on the historic European settlement and is situated inside a peninsula of the Brisbane River, about 15 kilometres (9 miles) from its mouth at Moreton Bay. The metropolitan area extends in all directions along the floodplain of the Brisbane River Valley between Moreton Bay and the Great Dividing Range, sprawling across several of Australia's most populous local government areas (LGAs)—most centrally the City of Brisbane, which is by far the most populous LGA in the nation. The demonym of Brisbane is Brisbanite or Brisbanian.One of the oldest cities in Australia, Brisbane was founded upon the ancient homelands of the indigenous Turrbal and Jagera peoples. Named after the Brisbane River on which it is located—which in turn takes its name from the Scotsman Sir Thomas Brisbane, the Governor of New South Wales from 1821 to 1825—the area was chosen as a place for secondary offenders from the Sydney Colony. A penal settlement was founded in 1824 at Redcliffe, 28 kilometres (17 mi) north of the central business district, but was soon abandoned and moved to North Quay in 1825, opening to free settlement in 1842. There was conflict between the European people and the Aboriginal people from 1843 to 1855. The development was partly set back by the Great Fire of Brisbane of 1864, and the Great Brisbane Flood of 1893. Brisbane was chosen as the capital when Queensland was proclaimed a separate colony from New South Wales in 1859. During World War II, Brisbane played a central role in the Allied campaign and served as the South West Pacific headquarters for United States Army General Douglas MacArthur.Today, Brisbane is well known for its distinct Queenslander architecture which forms much of the city's built heritage. It also received attention for its damaging flood events, most notably in 1974 and 2011. Major landmarks and precincts include; the South Bank Parklands and the Queensland Cultural Centre, City Hall and King George Square, the Story Bridge, the City Botanic Gardens and Parliament of Queensland, ANZAC Square, Howard Smith Wharves, Fortitude Valley, West End, Roma Street Parkland, New Farm Park and the Brisbane Powerhouse, St John's Cathedral, Mount Coot-tha, Redcliffe and Moreton and Stradbroke Islands. The city is a popular tourist destination, serv ...