Buchenwald Concentration Camp
Buchenwald concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager (KZ) Buchenwald) was a German Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg (Etter Mountain) near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937, one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps on German soil, following Dachau's opening just over four years earlier.
Prisoners from all over Europe and the Soviet Union—Jews, non-Jewish Poles and other Slavs, the mentally ill and physically-disabled from birth defects, religious and political prisoners, Roma and Sinti, Freemasons, Jehovah's Witnesses, criminals, homosexuals, and prisoners of war — worked primarily as forced labor in local armaments factories. From 1945 to 1950, the camp was used by the Soviet occupation authorities as an internment camp, known as NKVD special camp number 2.
Today the remains of the camp serve as a memorial and permanent exhibition and museum administered by the Buchenwald and Mittelbau-Dora Memorials Foundation, which also oversees the camp's memorial at Mittelbau-Dora.
Camp commandants:
SS-Standartenführer: Hermann Pister
SS-Sturmbannführer: Jacob Weiseborn (1937-1939)
SS-Obersturmbannführer: Karl Otto Koch (1939--1942)
SS-Standartenführer: Hermann Pister (1942--1945)
Buchenwald's second commandant was Karl Otto Koch, who ran the camp from 1937 to 1941. His second wife, Ilse Koch, became notorious as Die Hexe von Buchenwald (the witch of Buchenwald) for her cruelty and brutality. Koch had a zoo built by the prisoners in the camp, with a bear pit (Bärenzwinger) facing the Appellplatz, the assembly square where prisoner roll-calls were conducted.
Koch himself was eventually imprisoned at Buchenwald by the Nazi authorities for incitement to murder. The charges were lodged by Prince Waldeck and Dr. Morgen, to which were later added charges of corruption, embezzlement, black market dealings, and exploitation of the camp workers for personal gain. Other camp officials were charged, including Ilse Koch. The trial resulted in Karl Koch being sentenced to death for disgracing both himself and the SS; he was executed by firing squad on April 5, 1945, one week before American troops arrived. Ilse Koch was sentenced to a term of four years' imprisonment after the war. Her sentence was reduced to two years and she was set free. She was subsequently arrested again and sentenced to life imprisonment by the post-war German authorities; she committed suicide in a Bavarian prison cell in September 1967.
The third and last commandant of the camp was Hermann Pister (1942--1945). He was tried in 1947 (Dachau Trials) and sentenced to death, but died in September 1948 of a heart condition before the sentence could be carried out.
Female prisoners and overseers
The number of women held in Buchenwald was somewhere between 500 and 1,000. The first female inmates were twenty political prisoners who were accompanied by a female SS guard (Aufseherin); these women were brought to Buchenwald from Ravensbrück in 1941 and forced into prostitution at the camp's brothel. The SS later fired the SS woman on duty in the brothel for corruption, her position was taken over by brothel mothers as ordered by SS chief Heinrich Himmler.
The majority of women prisoners, however, arrived in 1944 and 1945 from other camps, mainly Auschwitz, Ravensbrück, and Bergen Belsen. Only one barrack was set aside for them; this was overseen by the female block leader (Blockführerin) Franziska Hoengesberg, who came from Essen when it was evacuated. All the women prisoners were later shipped out to one of Buchenwald's many female satellite camps in Sömmerda, Buttelstedt, Mühlhausen, Gotha, Gelsenkirchen, Essen, Lippstadt, Weimar, Magdeburg, and Penig, to name a few. No female guards were permanently stationed at Buchenwald.
When the Buchenwald camp was evacuated, the SS sent the male prisoners to other camps, and the five-hundred remaining women (including one of the secret annexe members who lived with Anne Frank, Mrs. van Daan, real name Auguste van Pels), were taken by train and on foot to the Theresienstadt concentration camp and ghetto in the protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. Many, including van Pels, died sometime between April and May 1945. Because the female prisoner population at Buchenwald was comparatively small, the SS only trained female overseers at the camp and assigned them to one of the female subcamps. Twenty-two known female guards had personnel files at the camp, but it is unlikely that any of them stayed at Buchenwald for longer than a few days.
Text Wikipedia:
מחנות ריכוז, אנטישמיות, רדיפות של היהודים, סוציאליזם לאומי, שואה, חוקי נירנברג; concentratiekampen, jodenvervolging, het nationaal-socialisme, Neurenberger wetten, campi di concentramento, l'antisemitismo, la persecuzione degli ebrei, il nazionalsocialismo, Olocausto, leggi di Norimberga
Places to see in ( Weimar - Germany ) Buchenwald Memorial
Places to see in ( Weimar - Germany ) Buchenwald Memorial
Buchenwald concentration camp was a German Nazi concentration camp established on Ettersberg hill near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937, one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps on German soil, following Dachau's opening just over four years earlier.
Prisoners from all over Europe and the Soviet Union—Jews, Poles and other Slavs, the mentally ill and physically-disabled from birth defects, religious and political prisoners, Roma and Sinti, Freemasons, Jehovah's Witnesses (then called Bible Students), criminals, homosexuals, and prisoners of war—worked primarily as forced labor in local armaments factories. From 1945 to 1950, the camp was used by the Soviet occupation authorities as an internment camp, known as NKVD special camp number 2. Today the remains of Buchenwald serve as a memorial and permanent exhibition and museum.
The SS constructed Buchenwald concentration camp in 1937. The camp was liberated by the U.S. Army on 11 April 1945. Dwight D. Eisenhower, the supreme commander of the Allied Forces, later wrote, Nothing has ever shocked me as much as that sight. Between 1945 and 1950, it was used by the Soviet Union as an NKVD special camp for Nazi prisoners. On January 6, 1950, the Soviet authorities handed over the Buchenwald camp to the East German Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Between April 1938 and April 1945, some 238,380 people of various nationalities including 350 Western Allied prisoners of war (POW)s were incarcerated in Buchenwald. Wachsmann and the Buchenwald and Mittelbau-Dora Memorials Foundation place the number of deaths at 56,000, not including all those prisoners who died in another Camp after having overcome the death march from Buchenwald.
During an American bombing raid on August 24, 1944, that was directed at a nearby armaments factory, several bombs, including incendiaries, also fell on the camp, resulting in heavy casualties among prisoners (2,000 prisoners wounded and 388 killed by the raid). Today the remains of the camp serve as a memorial and permanent exhibition and museum administered by the Buchenwald and Mittelbau-Dora Memorials Foundation, which also oversees the camp's memorial at Mittelbau-Dora.
( Weimar - Germany ) is well know as a tourist destination because of the variety of places you can enjoy while you are visiting Weimar . Through a series of videos we will try to show you recommended places to visit in Weimar - Germany
Join us for more :
Visiting Weimar and Buchenwald Memorial
During my studying in Germany we were visiting the closest cities, including Weimar.
German locals forced to visit KZ Buchenwald (SFP 186)
Buchenwald concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager (KZ) Buchenwald[...]) was a German Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg (Etter Mountain) near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937, one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps on German soil, following Dachau's opening just over four years earlier.
Prisoners from all over Europe and the Soviet Union—Jews, Poles and other Slavs, the mentally ill and physically-disabled from birth defects, religious and political prisoners, Roma and Sinti, Freemasons, Jehovah's Witnesses (then called Bible Students), criminals, homosexuals, and prisoners of war—worked primarily as forced labor in local armaments factories. From 1945 to 1950, the camp was used by the Soviet occupation authorities as an internment camp, known as NKVD special camp number 2.
Today the remains of Buchenwald serve as a memorial and permanent exhibition and museum.
(Information source:
Tour in Weimar | Goethe Museum | Buchenwald Memorial ????????
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer and statesman. His works include four novels; epic and lyric poetry; prose and verse dramas; memoirs; an autobiography; literary and aesthetic criticism; and treatises on botany, anatomy, and color. -Wikipedia
Buchenwald (1937-1945) became a synonym for the crimes committed by the National Socialists. Until 1950, the Soviets used the grounds for a special camp; after 1958 the German Democratic Republic established the “Nationale Mahn- und Gedenkstätte” here. After 1990, the memorial was reorganized according to a new concept now also providing for commemoration of the fates of other victim groups. New exhibitions place the crimes in their historical contexts. The history of Weimar and Buchenwald provides a unique historical resonator for historical-political education work. This uniqueness lies in the proximity between the camp and Weimar as a cultural centre, and in the access thus offered to the past. Opening hours Museums | 10 - 18 Uhr The outdoor facilities are accessible daily until sundown. |
Buchenwald Concentration Camp Memorial - 1994
Visit to the Buchenwald Concentration Camp site outside of Weimar, Germany, in February 1994.
#DailyDrone: Buchenwald Memorial | DW English
The Buchenwald Memorial remembers the victims of the Nazi regime.
#DailyDrone is our daily bird's-eye view of Germany. Every day a different exciting location in the viewfinder of our drone camera.
Famous sights in Berlin, Cologne, Hamburg or Munich, castles and fortresses from across the country, loading containers in a major port, bringing in the harvest, a day at the regatta. #DailyDrone takes you on unique journeys to destinations all over Germany, in all weathers and seasons, 365 days a year.
Weimar , Gedenkstätte Buchenwald #VLOGالمعسكر الى اتحرق فيه اليهودبالغاز#المانيا22/10/2018
Weimar Thüringen
Weimar, KZ-Lager Buchenwald, Germany 2005-05 Jasmin천사의 여행. 와이마, 나치수용소
Weimar, Buchenwald
Germany 1940 ▶ KZ Buchenwald Concentration Camp (SS Totenkopf Command Koch)
Germany 1940 ▶ KZ Buchenwald Concentration Camp (SS Totenkopf Command Koch)
Buchenwald concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager (KZ) was a German Nazi concentration camp established on Ettersberg hill near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937, one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps on German soil, following Dachau's opening just over four years earlier.
Prisoners from all over Europe and the Soviet Union—Jews, Poles and other Slavs, the mentally ill and physically-disabled from birth defects, religious and political prisoners, Roma and Sinti, Freemasons, Jehovah's Witnesses (then called Bible Students), criminals, homosexuals, and prisoners of war—worked primarily as forced labor in local armaments factories. From 1945 to 1950, the camp was used by the Soviet occupation authorities as an internment camp, known as NKVD special camp number 2.
Today the remains of Buchenwald serve as a memorial and permanent exhibition and museum.
The SS constructed Buchenwald concentration camp in 1937. The camp was liberated by the U.S Army on 11 April 1945. Dwight D. Eisenhower, the supreme commander of the Allied Forces, later wrote, Nothing has ever shocked me as much as that sight. Between 1945 and 1950, it was used by the Soviet Union as an NKVD special camp for Nazi prisoners. On January 6, 1950, the Soviet authorities handed over the Buchenwald camp to the East German Ministry of Internal Affairs.
The camp was to be named KZ Ettersberg, but this was changed to Buchenwald, after the beech forest which surrounds it, since Ettersberg carried associations with the enlightenment writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), an iconic figure in German culture. He lived in nearby Weimar and took walks through the woods in the area. According to modern folklore, he wrote some of his works under the so-called Goethe Oak, the only tree on the site to survive the construction of the camp. However, the Buchenwald and Mittelbau-Dora Memorials Foundation say that the name 'Goethe Oak' was simply an epithet made up by the inmates of the camp in commemoration of Goethe. The tree was destroyed by allied bombing in 1944.
Written in the camp's main entrance gate is the motto Jedem das Seine (English:To each his own). The SS intrepreted this to mean the 'superior race' had a right to humiliate and destroy others. It is embedded in the metal gate so that it can be read properly from inside the camp, rather than when standing outside.
Between April 1938 and April 1945, some 238,380 people of various nationalities including 350 Western Allied prisoners of war (POW)s were incarcerated in Buchenwald. Wachsmann and the Buchenwald and Mittelbau-Dora Memorials Foundation place the number of deaths at 56,000, not including all those prisoners who died in another Camp after having overcome the death march from Buchenwald. During an American bombing raid on August 24, 1944 that was directed at a nearby armaments factory, several bombs, including incendiaries, also fell on the camp, resulting in heavy casualties among prisoners (2,000 prisoners wounded and 388 killed by the raid).
Today the remains of the camp serve as a memorial and permanent exhibition and museum administered by the Buchenwald and Mittelbau-Dora Memorials Foundation, which also oversees the camp's memorial at Mittelbau-Dora.
original unpublished footage World War II & Germany 1927-1945
German History Archive
Wachtrupp SS Totenkopf Ilse Karl Otto Koch World War Weltkrieg Holocaust Shoah Nazi Ilse Koch - Die Hexe von Buchenwald KZ Konzentrationslager Concentration Camp World War 2 II Google Youtube Video
德國威瑪布痕瓦爾德集中營(粵語旁白) Buchenwald concentration camp, Weimar ,Germany. (Cantonese narration)
Buchenwald concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager (KZ) Buchenwald, IPA: [ˈbuːxənvalt]; literally, in English: beech forest) was a German Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg (Etter Mountain) near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937, one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps on German soil, following Dachau's opening just over four years earlier.
Prisoners from all over Europe and the Soviet Union—Jews, non-Jewish Poles and Slovenes, the mentally ill and physically-disabled from birth defects, religious and political prisoners, Roma and Sinti, Freemasons, Jehovah's Witnesses, criminals, homosexuals, and prisoners of war — worked primarily as forced labor in local armaments factories. From 1945 to 1950, the camp was used by the Soviet occupation authorities as an internment camp, known as NKVD special camp number 2.
Today the remains of Buchenwald serves as a memorial and permanent exhibition and museum.
ZichtOp: concentratiekamp Buchenwald (D)
Op de Ettersberg, een forse met bossen begroeide heuvel acht kilometer ten noorden van Weimar, werd in 1937 door de nazis het concentratiekamp Buchenwald opgericht. Het werd al snel een van de grootste concentratiekampen van het Derde Rijk. En het kamp was al snel ook berucht: van de naar schatting 240.000 mensen die in het kamp gevangen zaten, zijn er officieel 34.000 gestorven. Maar tegenwoordig schat men het sterftecijfer veel hoger, namelijk op 50.000. Nadat Nederland in mei 1940 door Duitsland was veroverd, werden er al snel ook Nederlanders na Buchenwald getransporteerd: het gaat naar schatting om 3300 mensen. Het betrof onder andere gijzelaars, joden, verzetsmensen, Jehovas Getuigen en werkweigeraars. Hoe het hen in Buchenwald is vergaan, is lang niet altijd meer te achterhalen. Zeker is wel dat er 497 Nederlanders in Buchenwald zijn omgekomen en dat toen het kamp werd bevrijd zich daar nog 384 Nederlanders bevonden. In de periode 2000-2003 zijn er daarvan 37 geïnterviewd.
Buchenwald 2017
Buchenwald with Johnny Kabina
The Buchenwald Memorial - Germany
Last week we visited a place named Buchenwald Concentration Camp.See the video to see what happened there.
Visit the blog for more info on this : gnface.com/blog
See another cool stuff on our website : gnface.com
Don't forget to subscribe this channel and if you like this video make sure to press the thumbs up button.Thanks for Watching!
The Buchenwald Memorial
Buchenwald Memorial Tour Guide explains that the citizens of Weimar had to be aware of the existence of this death camp. Video made May 25 2017
Buchenwald - 9 April 2017
Images of the Buchenwald camp (lager) on 9 April 2017 the day of the Commemoration of the 72 Anniversary of the liberation and in memory of the 56000 and more victims.
Buchenwald concentration camp German students interviewed
Buchenwald concentration camp was a German Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg (Etter Mountain) near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937, one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps on German soil, following Dachau's opening just over four years earlier.
Prisoners from all over Europe and the Soviet Union—Jews, Poles and other Slavs, the mentally ill and physically-disabled from birth defects, religious and political prisoners, Roma and Sinti, Freemasons, Jehovah's Witnesses (then called Bible Students), criminals, homosexuals, and prisoners of war—worked primarily as forced labor in local armaments factories.[1] From 1945 to 1950, the camp was used by the Soviet occupation authorities as an internment camp, known as NKVD special camp number 2.
Today the remains of Buchenwald serve as a memorial and permanent exhibition as well as a museum.[2]
Buchenwald Concentration Camp Memorial
Photo impression of concentration camp Buchenwald near Weimar/Germany liberated by the American Army april 1945.
German civilians visit the Buchenwald concentration camp in Weimar, Germany. HD Stock Footage
Event Date: March-April 1945 Place: Buchenwald, Germany Copyright: Public Domain Duration: 00:15:25 Description: Various LS views of camp. CU of a . Event Date: March 23 and 24; April 8,.
Event Date: March-April 1945 Place: Buchenwald, Germany Copyright: Public Domain Duration: 00:15:25 Description: Various LS views of camp. CU of a . Event Date: March-April 1945 Place: Buchenwal.
Link to order this clip: Historic Stock Footage Archival and Vintage Video.
Link to order this clip: Historic Stock Footage Archival and Vintage Video Clips in.
Event Date: April 1945 Place: Buchenwald, Germany | Germany Copyright: Public Domain Duration: 00:19:45 Description: At Buchenwald, survivors sit crouched . Civilians Visit Buchenwald Concentrat.