Temple of Artemis, Selçuk, İzmir, Aegean Region, Turkey, Asia
The Temple of Artemis or Artemision, also known less precisely as the Temple of Diana, was a Greek temple dedicated to an ancient, local form of the goddess Artemis. It was located in Ephesus. It was completely rebuilt three times, and in its final form was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. By 401 AD it had been ruined or destroyed. Only foundations and fragments of the last temple remain at the site. The earliest version of the temple antedated the Ionic immigration by many years, and dates to the Bronze Age. Callimachus, in his Hymn to Artemis, attributed it to the Amazons. In the 7th century BC, it was destroyed by a flood. Its reconstruction, in more grandiose form, began around 550 BC, under the Cretan architect Chersiphron and his son Metagenes. The project was funded by Croesus of Lydia, and took 10 years to complete. This version of the temple was destroyed in 356 BC by Herostratus in an act of arson. The next, greatest and last form of the temple, funded by the Ephesians themselves, is described in Antipater of Sidon's list of the world's Seven Wonders. The Temple of Artemis was located near the ancient city of Ephesus, about 75 km south from the modern port city of İzmir, in Turkey. Today the site lies on the edge of the modern town of Selçuk. The sacred site (temenos) at Ephesus was far older than the Artemision itself. Pausanias was certain that it antedated the Ionic immigration by many years, being older even than the oracular shrine of Apollo at Didyma. He said that the pre-Ionic inhabitants of the city were Leleges and Lydians. Callimachus, in his Hymn to Artemis attributed the earliest temenos at Ephesus to the Amazons, whose worship he imagined already centered upon an image of Artemis, their matron goddess. Pausanias says that Pindar believed the temple's founding Amazons to have been involved with the siege at Athens. Tacitus also believed in the Amazon foundation, however Pausanias believed the temple predated the Amazons. Modern archaeology cannot confirm Callimachus's Amazons, but Pausanias's account of the site's antiquity seems well-founded. Before World War I, site excavations by David George Hogarth identified three successive temple buildings. Re-excavations in 1987-88 confirmed that the site was occupied as early as the Bronze Age, with a sequence of pottery finds that extend forward to Middle Geometric times, when a peripteral temple with a floor of hard-packed clay was constructed in the second half of the 8th century BC. The peripteral temple at Ephesus offers the earliest example of a peripteral type on the coast of Asia Minor, and perhaps the earliest Greek temple surrounded by colonnades anywhere.
What is ANASTYLOSIS? What does ANASTYLOSIS mean? ANASTYLOSIS meaning, definition & explanation
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What is ANASTYLOSIS? What does ANASTYLOSIS mean? ANASTYLOSIS meaning - ANASTYLOSIS pronunciation - ANASTYLOSIS definition - ANASTYLOSIS explanation - How to pronounce ANASTYLOSIS?
Source: Wikipedia.org article, adapted under license.
Anastylosis is an archaeological term for a reconstruction technique whereby a ruined building or monument is restored using the original architectural elements to the greatest degree possible. It is also sometimes used to refer to a similar technique for restoring broken pottery and other small objects.
The intent of anastylosis is to rebuild, from as much of the original materials that is left after usually thousands of years of abuse, historical architectural monuments which have fallen into ruin. This is done by placing components back into their original positions. Where standing buildings are at risk of collapse, the method may entail the preparation of drawings and measurements, piece-by-piece disassembly, and careful reassembly, with new materials as required for structural integrity; occasionally this may include new foundations. When elements or parts are missing, modern materials (of restoration grade) may be substituted, such as plaster, cement, and synthetic resins.
The international Venice Charter of 1964 details criteria for anastylosis. First, the original condition of the structure must be confirmed scientifically. Second, the proper placement of each recovered component must be determined. Third, supplemental components must be limited to those necessary for stability (that is, substitute components may never lie at the top), and must be recognizable as replacement materials. New construction for the sake of filling in apparent lacunae is not allowed.
Anastylosis has its detractors in the scientific community. In effect, the method poses several problems:
No matter how rigorous preparatory studies are, any errors of interpretation will result in errors, often undetectable or incorrigible, in reconstruction.
Damage to the original components is practically inevitable.
An element may be, or may have been reused in, or may have originated in, different buildings or monuments from different periods. To use it in one reconstruction obviates its use in others.
The Buddhas of Bamyan in Afghanistan which were destroyed by the Taliban in 2001 is under consideration for anastylosis. Archaeologists have estimated that as much as 50% of the statues' material is recoverable.
It would be possible to reconstruct the Gourgion Tower in Gozo, Malta using anastylosis, since many of its decorated stones and inscriptions were retrieved following its demolition in 1943, and are now in storage at Heritage Malta.
Following the recapture of Palmyra by the Syrian Army in March 2016, director of antiquities Maamoun Abdelkarim stated that the Temple of Bel, the Temple of Baalshamin and the Monumental Arch, which had been destroyed by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in 2015, will be rebuilt using anastylosis.
Efes(Ephesus)-Turkey Travel(HD)
Cetatea Ephesus
Situată în Asia Mică pe teritoriul Republicii Turcia, mai exact între Izmir și Aydin și în imediata vecinătate a regiunii istorice Selçuk, cetatea Ephesus reprezintă o valoroasă mărturie a unei civilizații străvechi. Când se vorbește despre Efes, inevitabil se amintește de Artemis, Bisericile Sfântului Ioan Evanghelistul și a Fecioarei Maria, locuri aflate la distanțe scurte unele de celelalte, ce reprezintă pentru turiștii din întrega lume puncte de mare atracție.
Sunt locuri de o reală frumusețe nu numai prin valoarea lor istorică, dar și prin faptul că se găsesc într-una dintre cele mai pitorești ținuturi ale Turciei.
Famous Library at Ephesus, Turkey
I captured video of the most famous landmark in ancient Ephesus. It is a library or what remains of it in Ephesus, Turkey.
Library of Celsus
Excursion to the ancient city of Ephesus, western Anatolia
Turkey November 2015
Dr Kevin Soh. 3 Mount Elizabeth, #07-02, Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre, Singapore 228510
Nine Days in Turkey
If you have any comments, PLEASE do not be afraid to ask. Please SUBSCRIBE, SHARE, and COMMENT on this video.
If you prefer to read, rather than watch the video, here’s the transcript.
0:03 – Day 1: Istanbul to Canakkale. Hippodrome Square (Sultanahmet Meydani). Blue Mosque (mosque of Sultan Ahmet III). Topkapi Palace. In Topkapi Palace, you will find the Sacred Relics of Abraham, Muhammad (footprint), Moses (staff used to part the Red Sea), Joseph (turban), David (sword) and Joseph. Bosphorus Straits separate Europe from Asia. Car Ferry ride from Gallipoli (Europe) to Canakkale (Asia) across Sea of Marmara. Stay in Canakkale (Iris Hotel).
2:03 – Day 2: Canakkale to Kusadasi. Troy and its 9 archaeological layers. Trojan horse. Take a cable car up to see the ancient city of Acropolis in Pergamon (Bergama). Turkish Delight tasting in Selcuk. Stay in Kusadasi (LeBleu Hotel and Resort Kusadasi).
5:13 – Day 3: Kusadasi to Pamukkale. Emelda leather factory fashion show at Camlik. House of Virgin Mary. The archaeological site of Ephesus. Goddess NIKE – the Greek goddess of Victory. Library of Celsus in Ephesus. ICHTHYS – the secret symbol for Christians. Pamukkale, Hierapolis, Cotton Castle. Stay in Richmond Hotel Pamukkale.
8:57 – Day 4: Pamukkale, Konya, Cappadocia. A dessert made of thick yoghurt with honey and poppy seeds. Lunch at an interesting caravanserai. Mevlana Museum in Konya, home of the Mevlevi Whirling Dervishes, a mystical Sufi Muslim Group. The Sema Ceremony. Sultanhani Caravanserai in Aksaray. Stay in Uchisar Kaya Cappadocia – the first rock carved hotel in the world built into the soft tufa rocks. Enjoy Jacuzzi and Turkish Hamam.
11:25 – Day 5: The geologic splendour of Cappadocia. Hot air balloon. Nazars hanging from trees. Nazars are used to repel the curse of the evil eye. Goreme open air museum – the finest of rock cut churches with beautiful frescoes. Ceramic and pottery factory. Underground city of Kaymakli (8 storeys deep). Belly and folklore dance performance (Evranos Restaurant is a rock carved restaurant). Stay second night in Uchisar Kaya Cappadocia.
18:14 – Day 6: Cappadocia, Ankara, Bolu. Salt Lake (Tuz Golu). Ataturk Mausoleum. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk “Father of Modern Turkey”. Visit to Ankara Castle. Houses of the Ottoman Empire. Museum of Ancient Anatolian Civilisations. Stay in Koru Hotel in Boru.
19:17 – Day 7: Bolu to Istanbul. Taksim Square. Monument of the Republic. Ayasofya (Hagia Sophia) Museum. Grand Bazaar (has more than 3,000 shops). Stay in Sheraton Maslak Istanbul Hotel.
20:59 – Day 8: Istanbul. Istinye Park Shopping Mall. Eminonu. Egyptian Market (Spice Bazaar). Forum Istanbul (the biggest shopping mall in Istanbul, housing Sea Life Aquarium and Legoland Discovery Centre).
Turki Day 3 at Selcuk
Ephesus, Artemis Temple, Masjid Isa Bey
The Ephesus (Part 2)
ephesusinturkey.org
Tauck Tour Treasures of the Aegean Day 6 Kusadasi and Ephesus, Turkey
Anchored in the port of Kusadasi and drove to Ephesus. Ephesus contained a variety of small and large ruins from the Roman Empire, including the Library of Celsus, Trajan's Fountain, The Temple of Hadrian and many others. There is a nice lunch and rug making demonstration.
Selcuk,Istanbul - Turkey 2012
This article is about the town. For other uses, see Selçuk (disambiguation).
Selçuk
— Town —
The grand fortress of Selçuk on Ayasoluk Hill
Location of Selçuk within Turkey.
Selçuk is located in Turkey
Selçuk
Location of Selçuk within Turkey.
Coordinates: 37°57′N 27°22′E
Country Turkey
Region Aegean
Province İzmir
Government
• Mayor Hüseyin Vefa Ülgür (CHP)
• Governor Ayhan Boyacı
Area
• Total 295 km2 (114 sq mi)
Population (2009)
• Total 36,180
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
• Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Postal code 35920
Area code(s) 232
Licence plate 35 Lxx XX
Website
Selçuk is the central town of Selçuk district, İzmir Province in Turkey, 2 km (1.2 miles) northeast of Ephesus.
Its original Greek name, Agios Theológos (Άγιος Θεολόγος) referred to John the Theologian. Under the Ottoman Empire, it was known as Ayasoluk (Ottoman Turkish: Ayasluğ). In 1914, it was renamed Selçuk after the Seljuk Turks who first led incursions into the region in the 12th century.
It was a township in Kuşadası district till 1954 and Torbalı between 1954-1957. It finally became a district in 1957. Its neighbours are Torbalı from north, Tire from northeast, Germencik from east, Kuşadası from south, Aegean Sea from west and Menderes (formerly Cumaovası) from northwest.
Selçuk is one of the most visited touristic destinations within Turkey, known for its closeness to the ancient city of Ephesus, House of the Virgin Mary and Seljuk works of art. The 6th century Basilica of St. John the Apostle, which, some claim, is built on the site of the Apostle's tomb, is also inside the town. The old quarter of Selçuk remains generally retaining traditional Turkish culture and locality.
Ayasoluk Hill dominates the surrounding area, with several historical buildings on its slopes, including the İsa Bey Mosque built by the Seljuk Turks in 1375, and the Grand Fortress.
Istanbul (Turkish: İstanbul) is the largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With a population of 13.5 million, the city forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe[d] and is among the largest cities in the world by population within city limits.[2][3] Istanbul's vast area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi) is coterminous with Istanbul Province, of which the city is the administrative capital.[c] Istanbul is a transcontinental city, straddling the Bosphorus—one of the world's busiest waterways—in northwestern Turkey, between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies in Europe, while a third of its population lives in Asia.[4]
Founded on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BC as Byzantium, the city now known as Istanbul developed to become one of the most significant cities in history. For nearly sixteen centuries following its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 AD, it served as the capital of four empires: the Roman Empire (330--395), the Byzantine Empire (395--1204 and 1261--1453), the Latin Empire (1204--1261), and the Ottoman Empire (1453--1922).[5] It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the last caliphate.[6] Although the Republic of Turkey established its capital in Ankara, palaces and imperial mosques still line Istanbul's hills as visible reminders of the city's previous central role.
Ephesus: Temples, Cats, and Carpet Weavers - Greek Goddess Tour Part 11
We're beginning the day in Turkey at Ephesus. We'll honor Artemis at her temple, stroll the ancient city, and visit an important Marian church.
Before our time in Turkey is over, we'll visit the Carpet Cooperative and see some of the finest handmade rugs.
Thank you to Woman Arising and Sacred Journeys for making this video series possible:
womanarising.com
zeffidevi.com
And a special thank you to my fellow travelers for making it such a rich experience!
SOUND EFFECTS
Courtesy of YouTube Audio Library
Reverberating Slam
Aggressive Zombie Snarls
MUSIC
Courtesy of YouTube Audio Library
(in order of appearance)
Yonder Hill and Dale by Aaron Kenny
Cycles by Density and Time
Pangelic by The Mini Vandals
Air to the Throne by Doug Maxwell
Desert Caravan by Aaron Kenny
Greta Sting by Kevin MacLeod
Greta Sting by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (
Source:
Artist:
The Nexus Riddim by Konrad OldMoney
Hero's Theme by Twin Musicom
Hero's Theme by Twin Musicom is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (
Source:
Artist:
Overcome by Ugonna Unyekwe
Batuque Bom by Quincas Moreira
Ready Set Go Riddim by Konrad OldMoney
Love On Wings Riddim by Konrad OldMoney
Rainbow Forest by Quincas Moreira
Insight Vacations WONDERS OF TURKEY
Gifted with natural and ancient wonders, discover Turkey's finest gems including Göreme, the white terraces of Pamukkale and Ephesus, dating back to the 10th century B.C.
Gallipoli: Pay your respects at Anzac Cove and Lone Pine Cemetery.
Dardanelles: Enjoy a short voyage between continents from Europe to Asia.
Troy: Visit this ancient sight fabled to have been destroyed over love and view the huge reconstructed Trojan Horse.
Pergamon: Led by your Local Expert, visit Asklepion, one of the most famous shrines and therapeutic centres of the ancient world.
Izmir: Explore this city with your Travel Director.
Selçuk: Visit the Archaeological museum housing many of the artefacts from Ephesus.
Ephesus: Discover one of the world’s finest ancient sites. Led by your Local Expert, walk the Arcadian Way, see the Library of Celsus and Amphitheatre and visit the House of the Virgin Mary.
Pamukkale: See the cascading Cotton Castle of milky white travertine pools and the ancient ruin of Hierapolis.
Konya: Accompanied by your Local Expert, visit the beautiful Mevlana Tekke museum for an insight into the mystic Whirling Dervishes. See the Karatay Medrese and Ince Minaret.
Anatolia: Visit a well preserved Seljuk Caravanserai.
Cappadocia: Visit a Turkish Carpet centre.
Göreme: With your Local Expert, explore the underground cities, rock-cut churches, fairy-tale chimneys and the Pasabag Valley.
Avanos: Learn about pottery making.
Ankara: Discover the mysterious Hittite civilisation and visit the Mausoleum of Atatürk.
Istanbul: Visit the Blue Mosque and explore Hagia Sophia. With your Local Expert, gain an insight into the lives of the Ottoman Sultans during a private tour of the fabulous Topkapi Palace. Later, enjoy a relaxing cruise past Ottoman palaces, old mansions and fortresses. Visit the Hippodrome, see the Bosphorous and the Golden Horn. Then you are given a complete guide on how to haggle in the Grand Bazaar.
Scenic Drives: Enjoy the passing scenery as you travel past the Sea of Marmara, Peninusula of Gelibolu, Maeander River Valley and Urgup.
Miletus Museum, Balat, Didim, Aydın Province, Turkey, Asia
Miletus Museum is a small but very attractive venue. In 2011, it was finally reopened after a long renovation, in a new building after many years of closure. It was worth the wait here one can admire not only the exhibits found in the area of the ancient city of Miletus but also from Priene and Didyma. What's more, the museum is well-prepared for visitors, as there are information boards and plans, described not only Turkish but also in English. The exhibits displayed in the museum are presented in accordance with their age and the place of origin. Most objects, naturally, come from the Miletus. The oldest items from this location date back to the Minoan and Mycenaean periods, when Miletus kept close contact with Crete and Greece. Most of the objects are dated to the Classical, Hellenistic, and Roman times. Among the objects, there are terracotta figurines, ceramics, and jewellery - exquisite gold pendants, necklaces, and rings. One can also admire numerous statues, including river god Meander in repose, taken from the Baths of Faustina. This part of the museum collection is complemented by the exhibits from a nearby hill Zeytintepe, which was a sanctuary of the goddess Aphrodite. There are also objects from Kazartepe - the necropolis from the Hellenistic and Roman times, located south of Miletus. A significant part of the museum space is occupied by the finds from Priene, including statues, ceramics, lamps, and the fragments of the Temple of Athena. The exhibits from Didyma are mainly the statues from the Sacred Way that linked this sanctuary with Miletus.
Exploring Ephesus, Turkey Part 1
Exploring Ephesus, Turkey Part 1
Show at Ephesus, Show w Efezie
Show at Ephesus Turkey 27.09.2012, Show w Efezie Turcja 27.09.2012
Temple of Artemis, remaining single column, Ephesus Ruins - XX 2 - Turkey
Ephesus, ancient, Greek, Greece, Selçuk, Arzawan, Attic, Ionian, colony, classical, era, League, Roman, Republic, 129 BC, Temple of Artemis , artemis, temple, 550 BC, Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, Library of Celsus, celsus, Celsius, seven churches of Asia , seven, 7, church, Asia, book, revelation, Gospel of John, john, gospel, Council of Ephesus, Goths, 263, Küçükmenderes River, 614, Adnan Menderes Airport, Kuşadası, kusadasi, Neolithic, age, 6000, BC, B.C, AD, A.D, höyük, Arvalyaand Cukurici, Ayasuluk Hill, bronze, Hittite, Arzawa, Anatolia, Asia Minor, Apasa, Abasa, burial, ground, Mycenaean, 1500, 1400, BC, ceramic, pots basilica, St. John, Attic-Ionian, 10th century BC,, Ayasuluk, Seljuk, Athens, Androklos, Kodros, oracle, Delphi, Carian, Lelegian, Anatolian, goddess, Kybele, Pausanias, largest, building, son, river, god, Caystrus,
2015 Ephesus, Turkey
Description
EPHESUS
The ruins are our home, that will be the ruins to those who will came after us.
by Adria Altarriba
Places: Ephesus and Izmir (Turkey)
April 2013