Church of St. George

Крым. Путь на Родину. Документальный фильм Андрея Кондрашова

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Полнометражная документальная лента была задумана, чтобы сохранить для истории каждый значимый эпизод событий, происходивших в Крыму весной 2014 года. Съемки продолжались 8 месяцев и охватили Севастополь и Форос, Симферополь и Керчь, Ялту и Бахчисарай; Феодосию, Джанкой, Алушту и еще десяток населенных пунктов Крыма. По горячим следам был записан большой разговор с Владимиром Путиным, а потом еще больше полусотни интервью с участниками и свидетелями Крымской весны. С чего все началось? Как Россия получила официальное обращение от легитимного президента Украины с просьбой спасти ему жизнь?
#крымнаш #крым #крым наш #крымский референдум

Будьте в курсе самых актуальных новостей!
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Крым. Путь на Родину. Документальный фильм Андрея Кондрашова

Landmarks - Lviv - Armenian Church

Armenian Church
According to an old legend, on the site of Armenian Church, there was a garden. In this garden seeds of fruits brought from Armenia were planted. However, one queen apple tree grew fruits that were special—when cut in half they showed cross. One rich Lviv citizen, Armenian by nationality, Urko Ivashkovich took it as a sign from God. When a decision to build a church was made — people decided to give it the form of the cross similar to those on the cut fruits.

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Вірменська церква
За старою легендою, на місці Вірменської церкви колись знаходився сад, в якому росли завезені з Вірменії дерева й кущі. Одне з дерев давало такі плоди, у поперечному розрізі яких можна було побачити хрест. То була айва.

Ukrainian marines return to Kiev from Crimea

A brigade of 130 Ukrainian soldiers arrive at the presidential guards base in Kiev after receiving orders to evacuate their post in Crimea. Duration: 00:56

Lviv - Our Beautiful City

I recently went to Lviv, Ukraine to visit the company I work for. It was hard to believe how hidden of a jewel Lviv was. I wanted to show this gem to the world. Enjoy.

Pan-ACYO Meeting at Monastery of Tatev

The local chairmen of chapters of the Armenian Church Youth Organization have been meeting regularly throughout the regions of the Republic of Armenia in order to become better acquainted with one another and continue the mission of integrating the global youth groups into one Pan-Armenian Church institution.

Տեղի ունեցավ Հայ Եկեղեցու համաշխարհային երիտասարդական կազմակերպության ատենապետերի եւ տեղի երիտասարդաց միության անդամների հանդիպումը: Նրանք հանդիպում են Հայաստանի տարբեր մարզերում`միմյանց ճանչելու եւ շարունակելու համաշխարհային երիտասարդական խմբերին մեկ համահայկական եկեղեցական հաստատության մեջ ներգրավելու առաքելությունը:

kipr pafos kato

Siege | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:



00:03:26 1 Ancient era
00:03:36 1.1 The necessity of city walls
00:06:39 1.2 Archaeological evidence
00:08:00 1.3 Depictions
00:09:24 1.4 Tactics
00:09:33 1.4.1 Offensive
00:14:11 1.4.2 Defensive
00:18:07 1.5 Siege accounts
00:19:02 2 Classical antiquity
00:22:02 3 Arabia during Muhammad's era
00:24:19 4 Chinese and Mongols
00:29:16 5 Age of gunpowder
00:32:26 5.1 Emerging theories
00:34:03 5.2 New fortresses
00:37:40 5.3 Marshal Vauban and Van Coehoorn
00:42:53 5.4 Siege warfare
00:45:59 5.4.1 Strategic concepts
00:46:48 5.4.2 Industrial advances
00:49:56 6 Modern warfare
00:50:06 6.1 First World War
00:55:44 6.2 Second World War
00:57:32 6.2.1 Airbridge
00:58:31 6.3 Post-Second World War
01:02:15 7 Police activity
01:04:01 8 See also



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Speaking Rate: 0.9272217696365209
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-F


I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates


SUMMARY
=======
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from Latin: sedere, lit. 'to sit'. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is not uncommon, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. The art of conducting and resisting sieges is called siege warfare, siegecraft, or poliorcetics.
A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block the provision of supplies and the reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as investment). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the use of deception or treachery to bypass defenses.
Failing a military outcome, sieges can often be decided by starvation, thirst, or disease, which can afflict either the attacker or defender. This form of siege, though, can take many months or even years, depending upon the size of the stores of food the fortified position holds.
The attacking force can circumvallate the besieged place, which is to build a line of earth-works, consisting of a rampart and trench, surrounding it. During the process of circumvallation, the attacking force can be set upon by another force, an ally of the besieged place, due to the lengthy amount of time required to force it to capitulate. A defensive ring of forts outside the ring of circumvallated forts, called contravallation, is also sometimes used to defend the attackers from outside.
Ancient cities in the Middle East show archaeological evidence of having had fortified city walls. During the Warring States era of ancient China, there is both textual and archaeological evidence of prolonged sieges and siege machinery used against the defenders of city walls. Siege machinery was also a tradition of the ancient Greco-Roman world. During the Renaissance and the early modern period, siege warfare dominated the conduct of war in Europe. Leonardo da Vinci gained as much of his renown from the design of fortifications as from his artwork.
Medieval campaigns were generally designed around a succession of sieges. In the Napoleonic era, increasing use of ever more powerful cannons reduced the value of fortifications. In the 20th century, the significance of the classical siege declined. With the advent of mobile warfare, a single fortified stronghold is no longer as decisive as it once was. While traditional sieges do still occur, they are not as common as they once were due to changes in modes of battle, principally the ease by which huge volumes of destructive power can be directed onto a static target. Modern sieges are more commonly the result ...

Siege | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Siege


00:02:55 1 Ancient era
00:03:04 1.1 The necessity of city walls
00:05:47 1.2 Archaeological evidence
00:06:59 1.3 Depictions
00:08:14 1.4 Tactics
00:08:22 1.4.1 Offensive
00:12:29 1.4.2 Defensive
00:15:59 1.5 Siege accounts
00:16:50 2 Classical antiquity
00:19:24 3 Arabia during Muhammad's era
00:21:25 4 Chinese and Mongols
00:25:49 5 Age of gunpowder
00:28:32 5.1 Emerging theories
00:30:00 5.2 New fortresses
00:33:13 5.3 Marshal Vauban and Van Coehoorn
00:37:51 5.4 Siege warfare
00:40:37 5.4.1 Strategic concepts
00:41:21 5.4.2 Industrial advances
00:44:11 6 Modern warfare
00:44:21 6.1 First World War
00:49:22 6.2 Second World War
00:50:59 6.2.1 Airbridge
00:51:53 6.3 Cold War
00:52:41 6.4 Post-Second World War
00:55:25 7 Police activity
00:56:58 8 See also



Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain

Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:


You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:




The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates



SUMMARY
=======
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from sedere, Latin for to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is not uncommon, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy.
A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block the provision of supplies and the reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as investment). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the use of deception or treachery to bypass defenses.
Failing a military outcome, sieges can often be decided by starvation, thirst, or disease, which can afflict either the attacker or defender. This form of siege, though, can take many months or even years, depending upon the size of the stores of food the fortified position holds.
The attacking force can circumvallate the besieged place, which is to build a line of earth-works, consisting of a rampart and trench, surrounding it. During the process of circumvallation, the attacking force can be set upon by another force, an ally of the besieged place, due to the lengthy amount of time required to force it to capitulate. A defensive ring of forts outside the ring of circumvallated forts, called contravallation, is also sometimes used to defend the attackers from outside.
Ancient cities in the Middle East show archaeological evidence of having had fortified city walls. During the Warring States era of ancient China, there is both textual and archaeological evidence of prolonged sieges and siege machinery used against the defenders of city walls. Siege machinery was also a tradition of the ancient Greco-Roman world. During the Renaissance and the early modern period, siege warfare dominated the conduct of war in Europe. Leonardo da Vinci gained as much of his renown from the design of fortifications as from his artwork.
Medieval campaigns were generally designed around a succession of sieges. In the Napoleonic era, increasing use of ever more powerful cannon reduced the value of fortifications. In the 20th century, the significance of the classical siege declined. With the advent of mobile warfare, a single fortified stronghold is no longer as decisive as it once was. While traditional sieges do still occur, they are not as common as they once were due to changes in modes of battle, principally the ease by which huge volumes of destructive power can be directed onto a static target. Modern sieges are more commonly the result of smaller hostage, militant, or extreme resisting arrest situations.