in pink. natalia iwaniec.
LOGOGRAPHERS IN MOTION
Materiał powstał podczas rezydencji artystycznej LOGOGRAFOWIE. W RUCHU w Galerii Sztuki Współczesnej w Opolu.
Video: Nina Adelajda Olczak i Maciej Węgrzyn
Video made during artistic residency in Contemporary Art Gallery in Opole.
Video: Nina Adelajda Olczak i Maciej Węgrzyn
Berlin Biennale 8 / KW venue
Berlin Biennale 8
KW Institute for Contemporary Art
NEONS MELODY
Visual and musical work whose sources are the sound and light generated by a ceiling mounted fluorescent fixture.
Length : 3mn03s - Quicktime file, 1920*1080 - 2011
January 2013 : The Five Best Videos of The International Video Art Review THE 01, Poland
June 2012 : Most innovative work prize at Digital Graffiti (Alys Beach, Florida, USA)
April 2012 : Mention from the jury at Artaq (Angers, France)
Screenings :
• 02/2012 : Novi Sad Cultural Center (Serbia)
• 03/2012 : Videoformes, Clermont-Ferrand (France)
• 04/2012 : Artaq, Angers (France)
• 05/2012 : Geh8 - Nothing Movie Night, Dresden (Germany)
• 05-06/2012 : Charlotte Street Arts Center, Fredericton (Canada)
• 06/2012 : Digital Graffiti, Alys Beach (Florida, USA)
• 09/2012 : Underground Supposedium of Electronic Arts - USEA2012, Albuquerque (USA)
• 09-10/2012 : Galeria Texu, Oviedo (Spain)
• 10-11/2012 : 25èmes Instants Vidéo – Marseille (France) and Oran (Algeria)
• 11/2012 : Artaq, Paris (France)
• 12/2012 : MADATAC 4, Madrid (Spain)
• 01/2013 : THE 01 Video Art Review (Poland)
• 02-03/2013 : Galeria Bunkier Sztuki (Poland)
• 03/2013 : TVP Kultura (Poland)
• 04/2013 : Experiments in Cinema (USA)
• 04/2013 : Galeria Labirynt (Poland)
• 04/2013 : Wroclaw Contemporary Museum (Poland)
• 04/2013 : Sokol, Malopolskie Cultural Center (Poland)
• 04-09/2013 : Interstitial Theatre (USA)
• 05/2013 : Galeria Bielska BWA (Poland)
• 05/2013 : Galeria Arsenal (Poland)
• 05/2013 : Koszalin Museum (Poland)
• 05/2013 : Centre For Contemporary Art Ujazdowski Castle, Warsaw (Poland)
• 05/2013 : 13 Muses Gallery, Szczecin (Poland)
• 05/2013 : Municipal Gallery BWA, Bydgoszcz (Poland)
• 05/2013 : Contemporary Art Gallery, Przemysl (Poland)
• 05/2013 : Bureau for Art Exhibitions, Zielona Gora (Poland)
• 05/2013 : Centre For Contemporary Art Kronika, Bytom (Poland)
• 06/2013 : Art Centre – Sielecki Castle, Sosnowiec (Poland)
• 06/2013 : Cultural Centre, Suwalki (Poland)
• 06/2013 : Centre Of Contemporary Art Znaki Czasu, Torun (Poland)
• 06/2013 : Arsenal Gallery, Poznan (Poland)
• 06/2013 : City Art Gallery, Czestochowa (Poland)
• 06/2013 : Museum of Art, Lodz (Poland)
• 06/2013 : Contemporary Art Gallery, Opole (Poland)
• 06/2013 : Under The Subway Videoart Night, Long Island, New York (USA)
• 06/2013 : Watch Out Fim Festival, Tetovo (Macedonia)
• 07/2013 : Arcanum Festival, D’Clinic Studios, Lendava (Slovenia)
• 09/2013 : 5th Base Gallery, London (UK)
• 10/2013 : Multimedia Showcase 3, Porto (Portugal)
• 03/2014 : Synthetic Zero, BronxArtSpace, New York (USA)
• 05/2014 : Art'ifice, Montgeron (France)
• 05/2014 : Phonokino #3, Institut für Neue Medien, Frankfurt (Germany)
• 07/2014 : All of the Lights, Project Gallery, Toronto (Canada)
• 09/2014 : Façade VideoFestival, Plovdiv (Bulgaria)
• 02/2015 : Le quARTier, Fresnes-sur-Escaut (France)
• 06/2015 : Incubarte with Under the Subway, at MuVIM, Valencia (Spain)
• 03/2016 : In-Sonora, Madrid (Spain)
• 03/2016 : Galeria Alegria, Madrid (Spain)
• 06/2016 : Hamburg International Short Film Festival, (Germany)
• 04/2017 : Festival International of Camaguey (Under the subway Video Art night program), Cuba
• 04/2017 : Fimideo, Index Art Center, Newark (USA)
• 05/2017 : Fuse, Royal College of Music, Stockholm (Sweden)
• 07/2017 : Openscreen, Dudelange (Luxembourg)
• 09/2017 : Creatives Garage, Nairobi (Kenya)
• 12/2017 : Art Display, Falun (Sweden)
Konrad Smolenski and Mats Gustafsson at the Polish Pavillon at Venice Art Biennale 2013, part 1
Konrad Smolenski and Mats Gustafsson at the Polish Pavillon at Venice Art Biennale 20130530. part 1
Konrad Smolenski: Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More
Konrad Smoleński represents Poland at the Venice Art Biennale 2013. His monumental installation in the Polish Pavilion in the Biennale’s Giardini is titled Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More. The work is a continuation of the previous explorations of Konrad Smoleński, who focuses his interest on sound. Two church bells that have been cast especially for this exhibition are at the center of the installation. Two walls of loudspeakers and other elements complete the work. In regular intervals, the traditional bronze bells, full-range speakers and other sonorous objects play a symphony. The create both a visual and aural experience, where the delaying and modifying of the initial sound of the bell is important. The exhibition Konrad Smoleński: Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More is curated by Daniel Muzyczuk and Agnieszka Pindera.
Konrad Smoleński: Everything Was Forever, Until It Was No More. Polish Pavilion at the 55th International Art Exhibition – La Biennale di Venezia 2013.
#32 Scouting: Berlin Biennale
Die 8. Berlin Biennale versammelt bis zum 3. August 2014 Werke internationaler zeitgenössischer Künstler an vier Museums- und Ausstellungsorten in der Hauptstadt. Autor Julian Heynen gibt für #32 einen Einblick in das Kunstfestival. Für die Rubrik „Scouting zeigt er Werke von Carsten Höller, Rosa Barba, Carlos Amorales und Zarouhie Abdalian.
© die beteiligten Künstler/Institutionen
Film ©: Julian Heynen (Autor), Isabell Hernandez (Schnitt) für #32, das Online-Magazin der Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen.
number32.de
kunstsammlung.de
Planetaria polskie - Astronomia niepodległa #8
Niebo na wyciągnięcie ręki, zaklęte we wnętrzu aparatury umieszczonej pod kopułą. Planetaria zawsze dawały wyjątkową okazję do kontaktu z kosmosem. Odegrały też istotną rolę w historii polskiej astronomii: przez kilkadziesiąt lat kreowały kolejne pokolenia badaczy kosmosu. Losy polskich planetariów to niezwykle różnorodne historie miejsc, osób i okoliczności związanych z ich powstaniem. Premiera odcinka nastąpiła 16 maja 2019 r. w TVP 3.
Odkrywanie ducha Studia Eksperymentalnego – z Rudnikiem w tle
Więcej o SEPR przeczytasz na:
Opowieść o Studiu Eksperymentalnym Polskiego Radia (SEPR), ''czarnym pokoju'' działającym w latach 1957-2004. To tam powstawały odgłosy używane przez reżyserów kina science-fiction zza żelaznej kurtyny i ścieżki dźwiękowa do arcydzieła Wojciecha Jerzego Hasa. Muzyka używana przez reżyserów teatralnych i tancerzy, dźwięki słuchowisk radiowych i (dopiero dzisiaj odkrywane) dzieła muzyki współczesnej. O swojej wizji spuścizny SEPR opowiadają: Bolesław Błaszczak, Marcin Lenarczyk, Monika Pasiecznik i Ewa Szczecińska.
According to McGee - 4k 360 video tour
According to McGee is a contemporary York art gallery, UK. For 11 years directors Greg and Ails McGee have exhibited the most exciting artists in the UK, with prints of the work available for purchase online, selling to international collectors. From Goldsmiths graduates and Glasgow School of Art graduates, to rock star and Pop Artist Horace Panter and 1960s legend Doug Binder, According to McGee is increasingly well regarded gallery space of note.
POLAND - WikiVidi Documentary
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a sovereign country in Central Europe. It is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, covering an area of 312679 km2 with a mostly temperate climate. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the sixth most populous member state of the European Union. Poland's capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk and Szczecin. The establishment of a Polish state can be traced back to 966, when Mieszko I, ruler of a territory roughly coextensive with that of present-day Poland, converted to Christianity. The Kingdom of Poland was founded in 1025, and in 1569 it cemented a longstanding political association with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by signing the Union of Lublin. This union formed the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, one of the largest and most populous countries of 16th and 17th century Europe with a uniquely liberal political system which declared Europe's fir...
____________________________________
Shortcuts to chapters:
00:03:54: Etymology
00:04:29: Prehistory and protohistory
00:06:03: Piast dynasty
00:10:19: Jagiellon dynasty
00:13:41: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
00:18:20: Partitions
00:21:28: Era of insurrections
00:26:58: Reconstruction
00:30:40: World War II
00:38:45: Post-war communism
00:41:58: Present-day
00:45:42: Geography
00:47:24: Geology
00:50:40: Waters
00:55:58: Land use
00:57:39: Biodiversity
00:59:21: Climate
01:01:04: Politics
01:03:31: Law
01:07:31: Foreign relations
01:10:20: Administrative divisions
01:11:15: Military
01:15:26: Law enforcement and emergency services
01:16:56: Economy
01:21:14: Corporations
01:22:48: Tourism
01:24:55: Energy
01:26:43: Transport
01:30:42: Science and technology
01:32:44: Communications
01:34:24: Demographics
01:38:07: Languages
01:39:57: Religion
01:44:47: Health
01:46:45: Education
01:49:26: Culture
01:50:25: Famous people
01:51:39: Society
01:54:06: Music
01:58:10: Art
02:00:44: Architecture
02:04:53: Literature
02:09:46: Media
02:12:18: Cuisine
02:14:37: Sports
____________________________________
Copyright WikiVidi.
Licensed under Creative Commons.
Wikipedia link:
Весна 1995. Пленер Т.Хомік. Холм. © TVP LUBLIN
The gallery web-site offers a very rich collection of archival materials on the history of Volyn and Lutsk, unique videos and newsreels. Virtually you can walk through the gallery halls, look through the exhibition catalogues of the Volyn's artists, immerse youself into the past of our land, view documentaries about contemporary art and unique videos about our town.
Галерея мистецтв знайомить з творчими доробками художників Волині, їх біографіями та відображає активну виставкову діяльність мистців. Це не лише місце для представлення персональних та групових виставок знаних майстрів сьогодення, а і мистецький простір у місті для спілкування професіоналів пензля з їх шанувальниками та критиками.
ZPAP 100 lat
Zwiastun filmu poświęconego stuleciu Związku Polskich Artystów Plastyków, które obchodzone są w tym roku.(2011)
Trailer century devoted to the Association of Polish Artists & Designers, which is celebrated this year (2011).
Al-Fatih The Conqueror of Constantinople Drama 360 | Al-Husna Islamic Pre School | Red Class
Assalamualaikum teachers and parents.
Al-Husna Islamic Pre-School Centre - Annual Ihtifal & Mini Concert 2017 at Masjid Al-Hidayah Kelana Jaya.
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Alhamdulillah | Peace!
#DahlanTakayama #MalaysiaYouTuber
Projekt plakatu Waldemara Świerzego do „Snu nocy letniej” Szekspira z 1982 r.
Przedstawiamy dziś projekt znakomitego plakatu Waldemara Świerzego do „Snu nocy letniej” Szekspira z Teatru im. Kochanowskiego w Opolu, który miał premierę miał w 1982 r.
Do kupienia:
A jaki jest wasz ulubiony Świerzy? Komentujcie!
Udostępniajcie! Polubiajcie!
Zapraszamy na stronę atticus.pl do działu plakaty, afisze.
ARTHUR SKOWRON- Kurier Gallery
Arthur Skowron: Seascapes- paintings
February 17- 29, 2012
Opening: Feb.17, 2012
Kurier Plus Gallery
145 Java Street
Brooklyn, NY 11222
T:1.718.389.3018
Artur Skowron urodził się w 1982 r. w Starachowicach. Od 1990 r. mieszka w USA, gdzie skończył High School of Art & Design na Manhattanie. Dyplom Master Degree ze sztuk pięknych zdobył na Queens College. Uprawia malarstwo, grafikę i fotografię czarno- białą. Członek grupy Emocjonalistów i Rockaway Artists Alliance. Brał udział w kilkudziesięciu wystawach min. w Polsce, Niemczech, Francji, Danii, Chinach, Korei Płd. i w USA. Pisze wiersze i gra na fortepianie. W wolnych chwilach wędkuje.
„Od kilku lat mieszkam na półwyspie Rockaways, gdzie spacerując po plaży lub wypływając łodzią często obserwuję pełen ekspresji lub subtelności i wyciszenia ocean by później swe wrażenia przenieść na płótno...
Arthur C. Skowron is a Polish-American artist, musician, poet and educator living in the Rockaways (New York). He studied at New York's High School of Art & Design, graduating as valedictorian of art. He has received a Master's Degree in art education from Queens College. Arthur has displayed his work in ten solo exhibits and over four dozen group shows. He holds several art awards, including the Alexander Medal, the Ralph Sansone Scholarship, the PSC Scholarship, and Best Oil Painting/Artsplash 09'. Arthur is a member of the Emotionalism Art Group and the Rockaway Artist's Alliance. He does painting, printmaking, and black & white photography. When he is not busy making art, you can often find him on the beach, pursuing his other passion fishing.
I have been living in the Rockaways for the last few years. Whether taking walks down the beach or on a boat, I always observe the ocean as it goes through dynamic or subtle changes. These experiences I then put on canvas...
Contact: E-mail: ArthurS25@aol.com
Video by Janusz Skowron
Boney M. - Rasputin (Sopot Festival 1979) (VOD)
Boney M. performt „Rasputin” auf dem Sopot Festival (1979)
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#BoneyM #Rasputin #Vevo #Pop #Live
There lived a certain man in Russia long ago
He was big and strong, in his eyes a flaming glow
Most people looked at him with terror and with fear
But to Moscow chicks he was such a lovely dear
He could preach the bible like a preacher
Full of ecstasy and fire
But he also was the kind of teacher
Women would desire
RA RA RASPUTIN
Lover of the Russian queen
There was a cat that really was gone
RA RA RASPUTIN
Russia's greatest love machine
It was a shame how he carried on
He ruled the Russian land and never mind the Czar
But the kasachok he danced really wunderbar
In all affairs of state he was the man to please
But he was real great when he had a girl to squeeze
For the queen he was no wheeler dealer
Though she'd heard the things he'd done
She believed he was a holy healer
Who would heal her son
RA RA RASPUTIN
Lover of the Russian queen
There was a cat that really was gone
RA RA RASPUTIN
Russia's greatest love machine
It was a shame how he carried on
But when his drinking and lusting and his hunger
For power became known to more and more people
The demands to do something about this outrageous
Man became louder and louder
This man's just got to go! declared his enemies
But the ladies begged Don't you try to do it, please
No doubt this Rasputin had lots of hidden charms
Though he was a brute they just fell into his arms
Then one night some men of higher standing
Set a trap, they're not to blame
Come to visit us they kept demanding
And he really came
RA RA RASPUTIN
Lover of the Russian queen
They put some poison into his wine
RA RA RASPUTIN
Russia's greatest love machine
He drank it all and he said I feel fine
RA RA RASPUTIN
Lover of the Russian queen
They didn't quit, they wanted his head
RA RA RASPUTIN
Russia's greatest love machine
And so they shot him till he was dead
Oh, those Russians...
__________________________________________________________________________________
10 DIALOGUES: Richard Demarco, Scotland & The European Avant Garde
The Royal Scottish Academy presents 10 DIALOGUES: RICHARD DEMARCO, SCOTLAND AND THE EUROPEAN AVANT GARDE.
Born in Edinburgh in 1930 Richard Demarco is one of Scotland's most influential promoters of the visual and performing arts.
On the year of his 80th Birthday and two days before a major exhibition celebrating his life and work, he received the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Polish Bene Merito award.
The exhibition is taking place in the upper gallery spaces of the Royal Scottish Academy building on The Mound in Edinburgh and will feature work by ten artists whom have had established dialogues with Richard Demarco.
The exhibition includes two newly-commissioned portraits of Richard Demarco by David Mach, the monumental sculpture series 'The Court of King Arthur' by Magdalena Abakanowicz - which is shown for the first time in the UK.
You are welcome to see 10 DIALOGUES exhibition at the Royal Scottish Academy building on The Mound in Edinburgh from 29 of November 2010 till 9 of January 2011
*
Robert Motyka / Wee Dog Media
director, camera, sound, edit
Andrea Achinte
assistant
Jaromir Gasiorek:
photographs from the exbibition:
Joanna Zawadzka:
voice over
2016 EUROPEAN ARTISTIC DANCE CHAMPIONSHIP
Korston Hotel - Moscow, Russia, March 19-20, 2016
Official site -
More cool videos -
Andrzej Pągowski_Czy każdy może malować.wmv
Jak przygotować pracę na konkurs plastyczny
POLKI MAJĄ GŁOS / GALA POLEK 100-LECIA
SEBASSTIAN SKALSKI
„POLKI MAJĄ GŁOS/ THE VOICE OF POLISH WOMEN”
LEKSYKON / FILM.
Premiera i gala charytatywna na rzecz Fundacji Ewy Błaszczyk AKOGO / 21.05.2018 / Radisson Blu Sobieski Hotel Warsaw.
„POLKI MAJĄ GŁOS”- pierwszy i jedyny w historii Polski leksykon / album autorstwa polskiego artysty, fotografika, wokalisty i twórcy kultury polskiej SEBASSTIANA SKALSKIEGO i agencji artystycznej POP ART SHOW to symboliczny czerwony dywan, po którym prosto na tron zwycięzcy idzie… 100 Polek 100-lecia! Leksykon ukazuje ludziom na całym świecie ponadczasową galerię fotograficznych obrazów MUZ artysty i wyjątkowych Polek! Współczesne Polki są pełne kontrastów… silne i wrażliwe, śmiałe i skryte, proste i złożone jednocześnie! Współczesne Polki cechuje otwartość umysłu i duch niezależności. Pełne emocji i wahań, każdego dnia znajdują odwagę by zmieniać świat. Do wybranego celu i spełnienia marzeń dążą z pasją i determinacją… i tak od 1918 roku, kiedy wywalczyły głos i prawa wyborcze a rewolucja wówczas rozpoczęta trwa do dziś!
THE VOICE OF POLISH WOMEN - the first and the only in the Polish history lexicon / album by a Polish artist, photographer, vocalist and creator of Polish culture SEBASSTIAN SKALSKI and artistic agency POP ART SHOW is a symbolic red carpet, which leads to the winner’s throne... 100 Polish Women of the Centenary! The lexicon presents to people all over the world a timeless Artist's gallery of photographic images of the MUSES and exceptional Polish women! Present Polish women are full of contrasts ... strong and sensitive, bold and secretive, simple and complex at the same time! Contemporary Poles are characterized by openness of mind and the spirit of independence. Full of emotions and hesitations, every day they find the courage to change the world. For the chosen purpose and fulfilment of dreams, they strive with passion and determination... and so from 1918, when they won their voice and the right to vote, the revolution that started then continues to this day!
100 POLEK 100-LECIA: Hanna Bakuła, Hanna Banaszak, Hanka Bielicka, Ewa Błaszczyk, Katarzyna Bonda, Jolanta Borowiec, Monika Bradacz, Grażyna Brodzińska, Stanisława Celińska, Krystyna Czubówna, DJ WIKA, Beata Drzazga, Bożena Dykiel, Anna Dymna, Agnieszka Duczmal, Elżbieta Dzikowska, Eleni, Katarzyna Figura, Maria Fołtyn, Katarzyna Frank-Niemczycka, Magda Gessler, Beata Gogulska, Barbara Goździkowska, Katarzyna Groniec, Anna Harastowicz, Dorota Hryniewiecka-Firlej, Aneta J Kajzer, Krystyna Janda, Alina Janowska, Irena Jarocka, Angelika Jarosławska, Anna Maria Jopek, Aneta Jóźwiak-Włodarski, Natalia Juchkiewicz, Jeannette Kalyta, Kayah, Sabina Klimek, Katarzyna Kolenda-Zaleska, Anna Kolisz, Gabriela Kośmider, Gabriela Kownacka, Grażyna Kulczyk, Justyna Kur, Karina Kozerska, Natalia Kukulska, Jolanta Kwaśniewska, Irena Kwiatkowska, Izabela Lenartowicz, Monika Lelonkiewicz, Anita Lipnicka, Teresa Lipowska, Alicja Majewska, Lidia Markiewicz-Ziental, Katarzyna Miller, Anna Moskal, Janina Ochojska, Anja Orthodox, Maja Ostaszewska, Katarzyna Pakosińska, Joanna Pawlik, Beata Pawlikowska, Beata Pawłowska, Elżbieta Penderecka, Aneta Podyma-Milczarek, Maja Polus-Sobczak, Krystyna Prońko, Renata Przemyk, Alicja Resich-Modlińska, Maryla Rodowicz, Monika Rut, Maria Sadowska, Irena Santor, Joanna Senyszyn, Krystyna Sienkiewicz, Elżbieta Skalska-Kowalczykowska, Jadwiga Ewa Skalska, Izabela Skrzybant-Dziewiątkowska, Lucyna Sobieszek, Anna Skórzyńska, Dorota Soszyńska, Dorota Stalińska, Danuta Stanka, Alina Strześniewska, Maria Szabłowska, Magdalena Szczęsna, Hanna Śleszyńska, Nina Terentiew, Alicja Tomaszewska, Beata Tyszkiewicz, Magda Umer, Barbara Wachowicz, Dorota Warakomska, Dorota Wellman, Teresa Werner, Ewa Wiśniewska, Alicja Maria Wojciechowska, Agnieszka Zydroń i Hanna Zdanowska.
Copyright by POP ART SHOW / Agencja Artystyczna
sebastianskalski.pl
All rights reserved / Wszystkie prawa zastrzeżone,
Poland | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Poland
00:03:02 1 Etymology
00:03:42 2 History
00:03:51 2.1 Prehistory and protohistory
00:05:43 2.2 Piast dynasty
00:09:26 2.3 Jagiellon dynasty
00:12:27 2.4 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
00:16:27 2.5 Partitions
00:19:09 2.6 Era of insurrections
00:23:38 2.7 Reconstruction
00:26:43 2.8 World War II
00:32:40 2.9 Post-war communism
00:35:24 2.10 1990s to present
00:38:32 3 Geography
00:40:09 3.1 Geology
00:43:46 3.2 Waters
00:48:15 3.3 Land use
00:50:07 3.4 Biodiversity
00:52:05 3.5 Climate
00:54:08 4 Politics
00:56:32 4.1 Law
01:00:23 4.2 Foreign relations
01:02:55 4.3 Administrative divisions
01:04:06 4.4 Military
01:08:03 4.5 Law enforcement and emergency services
01:09:29 5 Economy
01:13:56 5.1 Corporations
01:15:28 5.2 Tourism
01:17:21 5.3 Energy
01:19:18 5.4 Transport
01:23:19 5.5 Science and technology
01:26:00 5.6 Communications
01:27:42 6 Demographics
01:29:17 6.1 Urbanization
01:29:25 6.2 Languages
01:31:58 6.3 Ethnicity
01:35:04 6.4 Religion
01:38:58 6.5 Health
01:40:59 6.6 Education
01:43:51 7 Culture
01:44:50 7.1 Music
01:49:13 7.2 Art
01:51:49 7.3 Architecture
01:55:15 7.4 Literature
01:59:51 7.5 Cinema
02:02:15 7.6 Media
02:04:41 7.7 Cuisine
02:07:29 7.8 Sports
02:10:37 7.9 Fashion and design
02:14:16 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Poland (Polish: Polska [ˈpɔlska] (listen)), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska [ʐɛt͡ʂpɔˈspɔlita ˈpɔlska] (listen)), is a country located in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, covering an area of 312,696 square kilometres (120,733 sq mi), and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With a population of approximately 38.5 million people, Poland is the sixth most populous member state of the European Union. Poland's capital and largest metropolis is Warsaw. Other major cities include Kraków, Łódź, Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk and Szczecin.
The establishment of the Polish state can be traced back to A.D. 966, when Mieszko I, ruler of the realm coextensive with the territory of present-day Poland, converted to Christianity. The Kingdom of Poland was founded in 1025, and in 1569 it cemented its longstanding political association with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by signing the Union of Lublin. This union formed the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, one of the largest (about 1 million km2) and most populous countries of 16th- and 17th-century Europe, with a uniquely liberal political system which adopted Europe's first written national constitution, the Constitution of 3 May 1791.
More than a century after the Partitions of Poland at the end of the 18th century, Poland regained its independence in 1918 with the Treaty of Versailles. In September 1939, World War II started with the invasion of Poland by Germany, followed by the Soviet Union invading Poland in accordance with the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. More than six million Polish citizens perished in the war. In 1947, the Polish People's Republic was established as a satellite state under Soviet influence. In the aftermath of the Revolutions of 1989, most notably through the emergence of the Solidarity movement, the sovereign state of Poland reestablished itself as a presidential democratic republic.
Poland is a developed market and regional power. It has the eighth largest and one of the most dynamic economies in the European Union, simultaneously achieving a very high rank on the Human Development Index. Additionally, the Polish Stock Exchange in Warsaw is the largest and most important in Central Europe. Poland is a developed country, which maintains a high-income economy along with very high standards of living, life quality, safety, education and economic freedom. Poland has a developed school educational system. The country provides free university education, state-funded social security and a universal health care system for all citizens. Poland has 15 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, 14 of which are cultural. Poland is a m ...