America's Wildest Places - Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuge Complex, Puerto Rico
The Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) Complex consists of nine separate refuge units, each having unique characteristics and resources. Three of the units are located in the U.S. Virgin Islands, five are in Puerto Rico, and one is located off the coast of Haiti.
The Complex supports significant recovery opportunities for federally listed threatened and endangered species, in particular, species that have unique breeding site requirements, making them extremely vulnerable to decline.
BUCK ISLAND
The island was transferred to the Fish and Wildlife Service due to its value for migratory birds. It is characterized by a thorn scrub habitat with rocky coastline surrounded by spectacular reefs and a shipwreck that attract large numbers of snorkellers, divers, and boaters.
CABO ROJO and CABO ROJO SALINAS
The refuge lie within the sub-tropical dry forest belt. In 1999 an additional 1,249 acres from the Cabo Rojo Salt Flats were added to the Refuge. The Cabo Rojo Salt Flats are considered unique and irreplaceable. The coastline, mangroves, seagrass beds, and offshore coral reefs next to the area, are prime fish habitat, and are considered special aquatic sites.
The salt flats are positioned in the Atlantic flyway and are a vital nesting ground and feeding area for the snowy plover, least tern, Wilson's plover, peregrine falcon, yellow shouldered blackbird, brown pelican, and several species of sea turtles. Indeed, no fewer than 118 bird species have been recorded for the area.
CULEBRA
More than 50,000 seabirds of 13 species find their way to this dot in the ocean every year to breed and nurture their young, with a the largest Sooty Tern nesting in the Culebra archipelago being found on Peninsula Flamenco. Many other bird species permanently call Culebra home while three species of sea turtles use the waters surrounding Culebra and nest on refuge beaches.
DESECHEO
Large gumbo limbo trees are common in interior valleys while a variety of cactus species, including the endangered higo chumbo (Harrisia portoricensis), form a part of the thorny scrub vegetation covering the steep coastal slopes.
GREEN CAY
Thirty-three thousand conch shells buried under volcanic rock tell of human use. The 14 acre refuge was established in 1977 to protect the population natural population of the endangered St. Croix ground lizard, as well as preserve bird nesting habitat. The Island consists of dry, forested areas with cactus scrub and small rocky beaches. Management involves habitat improvement protection and study of the St. Croix ground lizard.
LAGUNA CARTAGENA
The present lagoon is one of the most important freshwater habitats for migrating and aquatic birds in Puerto Rico. Visitors have a good chance of seeing a Magnificent Frigatebird, several species of herons, Smooth -billed Ani and occasionally the Yellow-shouldered Blackbird.
NAVASSA
Large seabird colonies present including over 5,000 nesting Red footed booby. Home to four endemic lizard species. Largely a marine resource.
SANDY POINT
Long before the arrival of Europeans, St. Croix was home to prehistoric people. Conch middens bleached and hardened over thousands of years, remind visitors of Sandy Point's important archaeological history. The Aklis Site, dating back to 400 A.D. and occupied for over 200 years, is on the National Register of Historic Places. Two miles of continuous sandy beach, deep near shore water access and lack of fringing reef provide ideal conditions and nesting habitat for leatherback sea turtles.
VIEQUES
The refuge contains several ecologically distinct habitats including; beaches, coastal lagoons, mangrove wetlands, and upland forested areas. The marine environment surrounding the refuge contains coral reefs and sea grass beds. The refuge and its surrounding waters are home to the West Indian manatee, the Brown Pelican, and four species of sea turtles, all endangered species.
TRAVEL & TOURISM
The headquarters of the Caribbean Islands NWR Complex is located on the Cabo Rojo NWR.
LocatioN
From Mayaguez, drive south on Route 2 (main highway) and exit Route 100 toward Cabo Rojo. When Route 100 ends, turn left onto Route 101. Drive .8 miles,
then turn right onto Route 301. Drive approximately three miles and look for the refuge sign on the left.
The Visitor Center, located on Route 301 km 5.1, is open Monday through Saturday from 9 am until 4 pm. It is closed on all federal holidays. At the Visitor Center, you
will find exhibits and a short movie about the refuge's natural history; excellent for group tours. Hiking trails near the Visitor Center are open Monday through Friday from 7 am until 4 pm and Saturday from 9 am to 4 pm; excellent for bird watching, photography and wildlife observation.
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