DRAHIM #castle built 1360-1366 by knights hospitalier #polandcastles #poland
#castles #whereintheworldisnadia The Drahim Castle was built by the Knights Hospitaller in 1360-1366 on the site of the earlier hillfort of the slavonic tribe Drawian, or perhaps on the first wooden fortress of the monks of XIV century. After the taking by Poland in 1366 of the neighboring castle of the Hospitallers in Czaplinek, the seat of the commandry was located in Drawsko. Two years later Drawsko was attached by Kazimierz the Great to the Crown, but the Hospitallers continued to hold the castle as a fief. Their attempt to conduct their own policy, disloyal to Polish suzeraincy, caused in 1407 the punishment invasion of King Władysław Jagiełło during which, after a few days of siege, Polish knights have conquer the castle. Hospitallers were expelled, and Jagiello established a castle district in Drawsko.
The Polish starosts from Drahim became a terror for merchants traveling by the so-called March Route. This led to the intervention expedition of the townsmen from Drawsko against the starost of Dubisław, which ended in 1422 with the capture of the castle. However, the betrayal of a crew member occupying the stronghold, allowed the Poles to recover Drahim, which since that time remained within the Polish kingdom until 1668.
The victory of Poland in the thirteenth-yeares war and the decision of the II Peace of Toruń made that the Drahim castle from the role of a strategic fortress went down only to the seat of the administrative district. In 1657, it was pledged for royal debts to electors of Brandenburg, who eventually took it over in 1668, after the death of the last starost, Stanisław Rewery Potocki. In 1758, the castle was destroyed by the fire, and building materials from the abandoned fortress were used to build a nearby church.
Architecture
The stronghold prior to the castle had the shape of an ellipse measuring approximately 46 x 50 meters. It was located on the isthmus between lakes Żerdno and Drawsko, which protected it from the east and west. From the north and south the moat cut off the stronghold from the land. Above the north moat there was a timber bridge. The height of the ramparts was between 6 and 8 meters, the width at the base was 10 meters, and the crown of the ramparts had about 2.6 meters. From the inside, the ramparts were reinforced with a wooden structure, while from the outside, covered with stones, which protected from the destructive action of water.
The castle was made of brick on stone foundations, placed on the leveled upper part of ramparts and raised inner courtyard of the former stronghold. It had the shape of a regular quadrilateral measuring 41 x 46.5 meters, wall thickness up to 2.5 meters and a height probably around 11 meters. The crown of the wall was covered by a porch for defenders (suspended at the height of 9 meters in sockets for beams) and arrowslits located at a distance of about 2.5 meters from each other. In the northern curtain there was an entrance gate, and next an extended four-sided gatehouse. The gate led across the bridge over the moat and further to an outer ward in a small peninsula, size of 70 x 30 meters, separated from the mainland by the river Drawa. In the western curtain there was a side wicket leading to the road that was going around the castle. The moats were 5 meters deep and were reinforced with a wooden structure, and the edges themselves with a stone cladding.
At the southern curtain stood the main house with dimensions of 11.5 x 37.5 meters. It filled the entire curtain, was three-story and without cellars. The ground floor served as an economic and prison function, covered with a hard floor made of clay. In the eastern part there was a minting workshop and a kitchen, in the western – prison made of erratic boulders, on a plan of a circle with a diameter of 3.5 meters, tapering to only 1 meter on the bottom. On the first floor residential chambers were located, and above them a storage and warehouse storey. The interiors were covered with flat, wooden ceilings. In the courtyard there was a well and a stone, circular trough for horses. In the north-eastern corner, a cellar measuring 4 x 8 meters with a large number of crossbow arrowheads was discovered. Nearby, traces of iron ore melting and furnace were also found.
Later reconstructions added two half-timbered houses for the staroste and his assistant on the west and east wall in the courtyard, as well as two wooden, corner towers.
Current state
The castle has survived in a state of ruin with full outer walls with heights varying from 4 to 10 meters and remnants of the walls of the main house. Currently belongs to the private Museum of Automotive and Technology and is open to the public. Information on hours, prices and cultural events can be found on the official website here.
Czaplinek - Historia 20 lat Klubu Seniora w Czaplinku
38 Spotkania Henrykowskie - Siemczyno
Zaproszenie na Spotkania Henrykowskie
Stare Drawsko - Ruiny zamku Drahim
Zamek Drahim w Starym Drawsku
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#lake #whereintheworldisnadia ???????? Drawsko Landscape Park covers the areas situated in the municipal
#lake #poland ???????? Drawsko Landscape Park covers the areas situated in the municipalities of Barwice, Borne Sulinowo, Czaplinek, Ostrowice, Połczyn-Zdrój and Złocieniec.
The park was founded in 1979 and covers an area of nearly 64,000 hectares, including the buffer zone. The area of the park itself is 414.3 km2. The park protects the most valuable part of the Drawa Lake District, covering the municipalities of Barwice, Borne Sulinowo, Czaplinek Ostrowice, Połczyn-Zdrój and Złocieniec.
The terrain of the park is the result of the glacier activity. In its northern part there are deposits of a terminal moraine, cut by numerous ravines. The southern part of the park is milder and abounds in lakes. Its natural attractiveness is caused by the said lakes (more than 70 ones, including the largest and deepest of them - Lake Drawsko), numerous rivers (with the Drawa as the most important one), streams, springs, wetlands, peatlands, forests, boulders and about 300 natural monuments. There are 42 species of protected plants and 138 species of breeding birds in the park. You can find there: swans, grebes, ducks, cranes, herons, cormorants, white-tailed eagles, red kites and lesser spotted eagles. Mammals are represented by numerous colonies of beavers.
The most valuable natural parts of the park are under reserve protection.
These include: Lake Czarnówek - a water and flora reserve, where a lobelia lake with vegetation typical of this kind of reservoir is protected.
The peat bog by Lake Morzysław Mały - a peat-flora reserve characterised by the presence of as many as nineteen different complexes of aquatic, semi-aquatic and bog plants on such a small area.
Brunatna Gleba [Brown Soil] - a soil reserve, created in order to preserve unaltered classic brown soil with characteristic forest bed and undergrowth.
Dolina Pięciu Jezior [Valley of the Five Lakes] - a nature reserve covering the most attractive area of the park in terms of landscape values. It consists of the upper Drawa River and five lakes surrounded by hills covered with a beech forest.
Lake Prosino - an ornithological reserve protecting habitats and breeding sites of rare waterfowl.
Zielone Bagna [Green Swamps] - a peat reserve, which is a mainstay of rare species of mosses.
The Toporzyk peat bog - a peat-forest reserve located in the buffer zone of the park and protecting peat and moss associations of a relic nature.
The Dębnica Gorge - a nature reserve where young glacial landscape of the gorge of submontane character is protected.
Brzozowe Bagno [the Birch Swamp] near Czaplinek - a forest reserve located in the buffer zone of DLP (Drawa Landscape Park), created to protect the vegetation of the high moor peat of the Baltic type, as well as coniferous forests and swamp forests.
Four hiking trails have been marked in the park. These are:
The green trail of the lakes (terminal moraine hills) leading from Złocieniec to Strzeszyn and past the biggest lakes in the park.
The red forest-landscape trail (the salt one) leading from Połczyn Zdrój to Czaplinek through the most attractive scenic sites and associations of beech forests.
The blue forest trail (Połczyn Switzerland) leading from Połczyn Zdrój to Czaplinek, along which a visitor explores the south-eastern parts of the park having a mountain-like landscape.
The black nature trail leading from Złocieniec to Połczyn Zdrój, where the most valuable reserves of the park are.
In addition, there are five nature-educational paths:
Bielawa Island - located on the largest island in Lake Drawsko, where a visitor can become familiar with the nature typical of lake islands.
The Valley of the Five Lakes - located directly by the Czaplinek - Połczyn Zdrój road and containing the most scenic areas of the park, where the Drawa has its spring.
The Dębnica Gorge leading along the picturesque glacial landscape of a small mountain-like stream. It is protected as a nature reserve.
Spyczyna Góra - Lake Prosino - starting at the ruins of the Drahim castle in Stare Drawsko. Its main attraction is the observation platform and the ornithological reserve.
Lake Czarnówek - located about 4 km north of Złocieniec, with floral peculiarities of the park including a lobelia lake that is unique in Europe.
Cyclists can use the routes marked out mainly on paved roads. Canoeists must go rafting down the Drawa.
Zamek St. Drawsko
Blade Chroma