From Holocaust to Revival Museum

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| u200BKibbutz Yad Mordechai, Ashkelon 79145, Israel

Modern Israel is roughly located on the site of the ancient kingdoms of Israel and Judah. The area is the birthplace of the Hebrew language, the place where the Hebrew Bible was composed and the birthplace of Judaism and Christianity. It contains sites sacred to Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Samaritanism, Druze and the Bahá'í Faith. The Land of Israel has come under the sway of various empires and has been home to a variety of ethnicities, but was predominantly Jewish from roughly 1,000 years before the Common Era until the 3rd century of the Common Era . The adoption of Christianity by the Roman Empire in the 4th century led to a Greco-Roman Christian majority which lasted until the 7th century when the area was conquered by the Arab Muslim Empires. It gradually became predominantly Moslem until the Crusades between 1096 and 1291, when it was the focal point of conflict between Christianity and Islam. From the 13th century it was mainly Moslem with Arabic as the dominant language and was first part of the Syrian province of the Mamluk Sultanate and then part of the Ottoman Empire until the British conquest in 1917. A Jewish national movement, Zionism, emerged in the late-19th century , as part of which Aliyah increased. During World War I, the British government publicly committed to the Zionist Organization to support the creation of a Jewish National Home in the area, which was then an Ottoman territory with a small minority Jewish population. The League of Nations subsequently granted the British a Mandate to rule Palestine which was to be turned into a Jewish National Home. A rival Arab nationalism also claimed rights over the former Ottoman territories and sought to prevent Jewish migration into Palestine, leading to growing Arab–Jewish tensions. Israeli independence in 1948 was marked by a massive exodus of Arabs from Israel during the Arab–Israeli conflict. The lifting of immigration restrictions allowed a massive Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries and Europe to Israel. About 43% of the world's Jews live in Israel today, the largest Jewish community in the world.The United States has become the principal ally of Israel. In 1979, an uneasy Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty was signed, based on the Camp David Accords. In 1993, Israel signed Oslo I Accord with the Palestine Liberation Organization, followed by establishment of the Palestinian National Authority and in 1994 Israel–Jordan peace treaty was signed. Despite efforts to finalize the peace agreement, the conflict continues to play a major role in Israeli and international political, social and economic life. The economy of Israel was initially primarily socialist and the country dominated by social democratic parties until the 1970s. Since then the Israeli economy has gradually moved to capitalism and a free market economy, partially retaining the social welfare system.
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From Holocaust to Revival Museum Videos

Amit Perlman helps Fernando Pangaré understand the horror of the Holocaust/Nazism.

This video was taken at the Holocaust to Revival Museum (located on Kibbutz Yad-Mordechai) on 24 Oct. 2015, on the occasion of my third participation in the Sovev Emek 100k Ultramarathon (Kibbutz HaZore'a).
For people who love Israel, understanding (or ... trying) the holocaust is very important.

History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel | Wikipedia audio article

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History of the Jews and Judaism in the Land of Israel

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language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

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SUMMARY
=======
The Jewish people originated in the land of Israel, and have maintained physical, cultural, and religious ties to it ever since. Although they had first emerged centuries earlier as an outgrowth of southern Canaanites, and the Jewish Bible claims that a Jewish monarchy existed starting in the 10th century BCE, the first appearance of the name Israel in the secular (non-Biblical) historic record is the Egyptian Merneptah Stele, circa 1200 BCE. During the Biblical period, two kingdoms occupied the highland zone, the Kingdom of Israel (Samaria) in the north, and the Kingdom of Judah in the south. The Kingdom of Israel was conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire (circa 722 BCE), and the Kingdom of Judah by the Neo-Babylonian Empire (586 BCE). Upon the defeat of the Babylonian Empire by the Achaemenid Empire under Cyrus the Great (538 BCE), the Jewish elite returned to Jerusalem, and the Second Temple was built.
In 332 BCE the Macedonian Greeks under Alexander the Great conquered Israel, starting a long religious struggle that split the Jewish population into traditional (orthodox) and Hellenized components.
In 165 BCE, after the religion-driven Maccabean Revolt, the independent orthodox Hasmonean Kingdom was established. In 64 BCE the Romans conquered Israel, turning it into a Roman province. Although coming under the sway of various empires and home to a variety of ethnicities, the area of ancient Israel was predominantly Jewish until the Jewish–Roman wars of 66–136 CE, during which the Romans expelled most of the Jews from the area and replaced it with the Roman province of Palaestina, beginning the Jewish Diaspora. After this time, Jews became a minority in most regions, except Galilee, and the area became increasingly Christian after the 3rd century, though the percentages of Christians and Jews are unknown, the former perhaps coming to predominate in urban areas, the latter remaining in rural areas Jewish settlements declined from over 160 to 50 by the time of the Muslim conquest. Michael Avi-Yonah calculated that Jews constituted 10–15% of Palestine's population by the time of the Persian invasion of 614, while Moshe Gil claims that Jews constituted the majority of the population until the 7th century Muslim conquest (638 CE).In 1099 the Crusaders conquered Jerusalem and nearby coastal areas, losing and recapturing it for almost 200 years until their final ouster from Acre in 1291. In 1517 the Ottoman Empire conquered it, ruling it until the British conquered it in 1917, and ruled it under the British Mandate until 1948, when the Jewish State of Israel was proclaimed, which was made possible by the Zionist movement and its promotion of mass Jewish immigration.

Pastor Israel Pochtar Pt 2 ｜CrossTalk International: Sharing Christ in Context

People are known by what they do, and Pastor Israel is doing an amazing work in Israel. In this program you will hear about the things that Pastor Israel is doing with Holocaust survivors through his ministry, House of Praise. You will also hear about the multitude of Biblical prophesies that have been and are being fulfilled in Israel. You may even find yourself inspired to go see Israel.

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Jesus is LORD and he was such a nice Jewish boy! This is CrossTalk International. We are boldly reaching out to change lives with the radical truth of our Jewish Savior! Join us each week as Jewish believer Dr. Randy Weiss, Ph.D. teaches, preaches, and brings to life the scriptures and the Christian world through the lens of Judaism

Old Yishuv | Wikipedia audio article

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Old Yishuv

Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

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- increases imagination and understanding
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- learn while on the move
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while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:

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This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.

SUMMARY
=======
The Old Yishuv (Hebrew: היישוב הישן‎, ha-Yishuv ha-Yashan) were the Jewish communities of the southern Syrian provinces in the Ottoman period, up to the onset of Zionist aliyah and the consolidation of the New Yishuv by the end of World War I. As opposed to the later Zionist aliyah and the New Yishuv, which came into being with the First Aliyah (of 1882) and was more based on a socialist and/or secular ideology emphasizing labor and self-sufficiency, the Old Yishuv, whose members had continuously resided in or had come to Eretz Yisrael in the earlier centuries, were largely ultra-orthodox Jews dependent on external donations (Halukka) for living.
The Old Yishuv developed after a period of severe decline in Jewish communities of the Southern Levant during the early Middle Ages, and was composed of three clusters. The oldest group consisted of the Ladino-speaking Sephardic Jewish communities in Galilee and the Judeo-Arabic speaking Musta'arabim who settled in Eretz Yisrael in the Ottoman and late Mamluk period. A second group was composed of Ashkenazi and Hassidic Jews who had emigrated from Europe in the 18th and early 19th centuries. A third wave was constituted by Yishuv members who arrived in the late 19th century. The Old Yishuv was thus generally divided into two independent communities – the Sephardim (including Musta'arabim), mainly constituting the remains of Jewish communities of Galilee and the four Jewish holy cities, which had flourished in the 16th and 17th centuries; and the Ashkenazim, whose immigration from Europe was primarily since the 18th century.The 'Old Yishuv' term was coined by members of the 'New Yishuv' in the late 19th century to distinguish themselves from the economically dependent and generally earlier Jewish communities, who mainly resided in the four holy cities of Judaism, and unlike the New Yishuv, had not embraced land ownership and agriculture. Apart from the Old Yishuv centres in the four holy cities of Judaism, namely Jerusalem, Hebron, Tiberias and Safed, smaller communities also existed in Jaffa, Haifa, Peki'in, Acre, Nablus and Shfaram. Petah Tikva, although established in 1878 by the Old Yishuv, nevertheless was also supported by the arriving Zionists. Rishon LeZion, the first settlement founded by the Hovevei Zion in 1882, could be considered the true beginning of the New Yishuv.

Timeline of Jewish history | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Timeline of Jewish history

Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
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- learn while on the move
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.

You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:

In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.

SUMMARY
=======
This is a timeline of the development of Jews and Judaism. All dates are given according to the Common Era, not the Hebrew calendar.
See also Jewish history which includes links to individual country histories. For the history of persecution of Jews, see Antisemitism, History of antisemitism and Timeline of antisemitism.

Caliphate | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:

00:05:59 1 Etymology
00:06:43 2 Rashidun Caliphate (632–661)
00:06:57 2.1 Succession to Muhammad
00:10:45 2.2 Rashidun Caliphs
00:12:41 2.3 Ali's caliphate and the rise of the Umayyad dynasty
00:13:50 3 Umayyad Caliphate (661–750)
00:15:55 4 Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258, 1261–1517)
00:16:12 4.1 Abbasid Caliphs at Baghdad
00:18:01 4.2 Under the Mamluk Sultanate of Cairo (1261–1517)
00:19:22 5 Parallel caliphates to the Abbasids
00:20:22 5.1 Fatimid Caliphate (909–1171)
00:22:09 5.2 Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba (929–1031)
00:23:45 5.3 Almohad Caliphate (1147–1269)
00:25:44 6 Ottoman Caliphate (1517–1924)
00:29:24 6.1 Abolition of the Caliphate (1924)
00:31:22 7 Parallell Caliphates to the Ottomans
00:31:33 7.1 Yogyakarta Caliphate (1755-2015)
00:32:10 7.2 Sokoto Caliphate (1804–1903)
00:32:51 7.3 Khilafat Movement (1919–24)
00:33:59 8 Sharifian Caliphate (1924–25)
00:34:51 9 Non-political caliphates
00:35:13 9.1 Sufi caliphates
00:35:44 9.2 Ahmadiyya Caliphate (1908–present)
00:38:56 10 Religious basis
00:39:06 10.1 Qur'an
00:41:12 10.2 iHadith/i
00:44:17 10.3 Prophesied Caliphate of the Mahdî
00:44:46 10.4 The iSahaba/i of Muhammad
00:46:31 10.5 Views of Islamic theologians
00:48:47 11 Period of dormancy
00:50:05 11.1 Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (2014–present)
00:51:33 11.2 Ahmadiyya view
00:54:21 11.3 Islamic call
00:56:27 11.4 Al-Qaeda's Caliphate goals
00:57:57 11.5 Opposition
00:58:44 12 Government
00:58:53 12.1 Electing or appointing a Caliph
00:59:59 12.2 Sunni belief
01:00:44 12.3 Shi'a belief
01:03:09 12.4 iMajlis al-Shura/i
01:05:26 12.5 Accountability of rulers
01:07:11 12.6 Rule of law
01:09:21 12.7 Economy
01:16:37 13 Notable caliphs
01:19:03 14 See also

Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.

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I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates

SUMMARY
=======
A caliphate (Arabic: خِلافة‎ khilāfah) is an Islamic state under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; Arabic: خَليفة‎ khalīfah, pronunciation ), a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire ummah (community). Historically, the caliphates were polities based
in Islam which developed into multi-ethnic trans-national empires. During the medieval period, three major caliphates succeeded each other: the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) and the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258). In the fourth major caliphate, the Ottoman Caliphate, the rulers of the Ottoman Empire claimed caliphal authority from 1517. During the history of Islam, a few other Muslim states, almost all hereditary monarchies, have claimed to be caliphates.Prior to the rise of Muhammad and the unification of the tribes of Arabia under Islam, Arabs followed a pre-Islamic Arab polytheism, lived as self-governing sedentary and nomadic communities, and often raided their neighbouring tribes. Following the early Muslim conquests of the Arabian Peninsula, the region became unified and most of the tribes adopted Islam.The first caliphate, the Rashidun Caliphate, was established immediately after Muhammad's death in 632. The four Rashidun caliphs, who directly succeeded Muhammad as leaders of the Muslim community, were chosen through shura, a process of community consultation that some consider to be an early form of Islamic democracy. The fourth caliph, Ali, who, unlike the prior three, was from the same clan as Muhammad (Banu Hashim), is considered by Shia Muslims to be the first rightful caliph and Imam after Muhammad. Ali reigned during the First Fitna (656–661), a civil war between supporters of Ali and supporters of the assassinated previous caliph, Uthman, from Banu Umayya, as well as rebels in Egypt; the war led to the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate under Muawiyah I in 661.
The secon ...