Bieńczycki & Sobiechowski Duo - Żydowski Dom Akademicki
Dominik Bieńczycki - 5 string acoustic violin
Mateusz Sobiechowski - grand piano
composed by Mateusz Sobiechowski
From album Forgotten City
Recorded at Studio Nagrań Dworek Białoprądnicki, Cracow, Poland 16,17 dec 2015
sound engineer - Michał Korpanty
mix, mastering & cinematography by Dominik Bieńczycki
POLAND - WikiVidi Documentary
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a sovereign country in Central Europe. It is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, covering an area of 312679 km2 with a mostly temperate climate. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the sixth most populous member state of the European Union. Poland's capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk and Szczecin. The establishment of a Polish state can be traced back to 966, when Mieszko I, ruler of a territory roughly coextensive with that of present-day Poland, converted to Christianity. The Kingdom of Poland was founded in 1025, and in 1569 it cemented a longstanding political association with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by signing the Union of Lublin. This union formed the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, one of the largest and most populous countries of 16th and 17th century Europe with a uniquely liberal political system which declared Europe's fir...
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Shortcuts to chapters:
00:03:54: Etymology
00:04:29: Prehistory and protohistory
00:06:03: Piast dynasty
00:10:19: Jagiellon dynasty
00:13:41: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
00:18:20: Partitions
00:21:28: Era of insurrections
00:26:58: Reconstruction
00:30:40: World War II
00:38:45: Post-war communism
00:41:58: Present-day
00:45:42: Geography
00:47:24: Geology
00:50:40: Waters
00:55:58: Land use
00:57:39: Biodiversity
00:59:21: Climate
01:01:04: Politics
01:03:31: Law
01:07:31: Foreign relations
01:10:20: Administrative divisions
01:11:15: Military
01:15:26: Law enforcement and emergency services
01:16:56: Economy
01:21:14: Corporations
01:22:48: Tourism
01:24:55: Energy
01:26:43: Transport
01:30:42: Science and technology
01:32:44: Communications
01:34:24: Demographics
01:38:07: Languages
01:39:57: Religion
01:44:47: Health
01:46:45: Education
01:49:26: Culture
01:50:25: Famous people
01:51:39: Society
01:54:06: Music
01:58:10: Art
02:00:44: Architecture
02:04:53: Literature
02:09:46: Media
02:12:18: Cuisine
02:14:37: Sports
____________________________________
Copyright WikiVidi.
Licensed under Creative Commons.
Wikipedia link:
History of the Jews in Poland | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of the Jews in Poland
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The history of the Jews in Poland dates back over 1,000 years. For centuries, Poland was home to the largest and most significant Jewish community in the world. Poland was a principal center of Jewish culture, thanks to a long period of statutory religious tolerance and social autonomy. This ended with the Partitions of Poland which began in 1772, in particular, with the discrimination and persecution of Jews in the Russian Empire. During World War II there was a nearly complete genocidal destruction of the Polish Jewish community by Nazi Germany and its collaborators, during the 1939–1945 German occupation of Poland and the ensuing Holocaust. Since the fall of communism in Poland, there has been a Jewish revival, featuring an annual Jewish Culture Festival, new study programs at Polish secondary schools and universities, the work of synagogues such as the Nożyk Synagogue, and Warsaw's Museum of the History of Polish Jews.
From the founding of the Kingdom of Poland in 1025 through to the early years of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth created in 1569, Poland was the most tolerant country in Europe. Known as paradisus iudaeorum (Latin for Paradise of the Jews), it became a shelter for persecuted and expelled European Jewish communities and the home to the world's largest Jewish community of the time. According to some sources, about three-quarters of the world's Jews lived in Poland by the middle of the 16th century. With the weakening of the Commonwealth and growing religious strife (due to the Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter-Reformation), Poland's traditional tolerance began to wane from the 17th century onward. After the Partitions of Poland in 1795 and the destruction of Poland as a sovereign state, Polish Jews were subject to the laws of the partitioning powers, the increasingly antisemitic Russian Empire, as well as Austria-Hungary and Kingdom of Prussia (later a part of the German Empire). Still, as Poland regained independence in the aftermath of World War I, it was the center of the European Jewish world with one of the world's largest Jewish communities of over 3 million. Antisemitism was a growing problem throughout Europe in those years, from both the political establishment and the general population.At the start of World War II, Poland was partitioned between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (see Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact). One-fifth of the Polish population perished during World War II, half of them were 3,000,000 Polish Jews murdered in The Holocaust, constituting 90% of Polish Jewry. Although the Holocaust occurred largely in German-occupied Poland, there was little collaboration with the Nazis by its citizens. Collaboration by individual Poles has been described as smaller than in other occupied countries. Statistics of the Israeli War Crimes Commission indicate that less than 0.1% of Poles collaborated with the Nazis. Examples of Polish attitudes to German atrocities varied widely, from actively risking death in order to save Jewish lives, and passive refusal to inform on them; to indifference, blackmail, and in extreme cases, participation in pogroms such as the Jedwabne pogrom. Grouped by nationality, Poles represent the largest number of people who rescued Jews during the Holocaust.
In the post-war period, many of the approximately 200,000 Jewish survivors registered at Central Committee of Polish Jews or CKŻP (of whom 136,000 arrived from the Soviet Union) left the People's Republic of Poland for the nascent State of Israel and North or South America. Their departure was hastened by the destruction of Jewish institutions, post-war violence and the hostility of the Communist Party to both religion and private enterprise, but also because in 1946–1947 Poland was the only Eastern Bloc country to allow free Jewish aliyah to Israel, without visas or exit permits. Britain demanded Poland to halt the exodus, but their pressure was largely unsuccessful. Most o ...
Mit dem Wohnmobil nach Krakau | WDR Reisen
Von Görlitz aus startet Marco Schreyl seine Reise mit dem Wohnmobil durch Südpolen. Eine Herausforderung in bergiger Landschaft und engen Gassen in den Dörfern, aber der Mühe wert: ein Weltkulturerbe reiht sich an das nächste. Über Riesengebirge und Hohe Tatra erreicht Marco schließlich die Universitätsstadt Krakau mit ihrer glanzvollen Altstadt.
From Görlitz, Marco Schreyl starts his journey by motorhome through southern Poland. A challenge in mountainous countryside and narrow streets in the villages, but well worth the effort: one world heritage site joins the next. Finally, through the Giant Mountains and High Tatras, Marco reaches the university city of Krakow with its glittering old town.
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#Krakau #Polen #WDR #wdrreisen
Eurasia 6: Krakow
I only stayed a couple of days in Krakow (12th-13th February 2011), then took a night train to Bratislava (next video).
Poland: Rivlin names Poland as embodiment of Israel's right to exist at Jewish museum opening
W/S Polish President Bronislaw Komorowski and Israeli President Reuven Rivlin approaching memorial
C/U Polish President Bronislaw Komorowski and Israeli President Reuven Rivlin approaching memorial
W/S Polish President Bronislaw Komorowski and Israeli President Reuven Rivlin approaching memorial
M/S Audience
SOT, Bronislav Komorowski, President of Poland (in Polish): I am glad to be opening the museum's exhibition under its wonderful name Polin. Polin means 'here you will rest,' which is how Jews referred to Poland in Hebrew.
W/S Ceremony
SOT, Reuven Rivlin, President of Israel (Hebrew): There are people who claim that the state of Israel is compensation for the Holocaust. There is no greater mistake than this kind of thinking. The state of Israel is not compensation for the Holocaust. The state of Israel came into existence because it had the right to exist and Poland is the best embodiment of this right.
C/U Audience
C/U Fire burning on menorah
M/S Musicians and fire burning on menorah
C/U Memorial
W/S Museum of the History of Polish Jews
C/U Sign '100 Year History of Polish Jews'
M/S Interior of museum
M/S Museum entrance
M/S Interior of museum
M/S Interior of museum
SCRIPT
Polish President Bronislaw Komorowski and his Israeli counterpart Reuven Rivlin formally inaugurated the Polin Museum of the History of Polish Jews in Warsaw on Tuesday, almost a year and a half later after it first opened to the public.
Speaking at the inaugural ceremony, Rivlin said that the state of Israel was not compensation for the Holocaust and said that Poland is best embodiment of Israel's right to exist.
Polin, which means in Hebrew 'in here you'll rest', consists of eight galleries, each recounting the history of Polish Jews from a different time period. Highlights of the museum include century-old manuscripts, a vast array of multimedia installations and a scale sized replica of a synagogue.
The Jewish community which once constituted ten percent of Poland (3.3 million Jews) and about 30 percent of the city of Warsaw (350,000 Jews) before World War II, was killed with only between 200,000 to 300,000 surviving the Holocaust, and only an estimated 7,000 left in Poland today.
Private Jewish donors from across the world, alongside Polish donors, the city of Warsaw and the Polish culture ministry together funded the museum and the core exhibition to the tune of over 75 million euros ($95 million).
Kościół św. Barbary w Krakowie
Film ukazujący kościół św. Barbary w Krakowie, nad którym opiekę sprawuje Towarzystwo Jezusowe. Więcej informacji:
DÉLIRES EN POLOGNE : le film complet HD - (Wojtek)
Plongez 50 minutes au cœur de ce pays fort sympathique qu'est la Pologne. Grâce aux images que j'ai récupéré avec la GoPro, je vous ai concocté un montage rythmé (mais pas toujours) pour vous présenter mon monde. Au programme : la découverte de la Pologne, des balades polonaises, un mariage polonais etc... Bon visionnage ;) Pensez à lâcher un pouce bleu, ça fait plaisir !
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Contact : kinowojtek@gmail.com
Bienvenue en Pologne ! Un pays qui laisse des impressions inoubliables à tout touriste aux centres d’intérêt les plus divers.
La Pologne est située en Europe centrale. Elle est limitée à l’ouest par l’Allemagne, au sud par la Tchéquie et la Slovaquie, à l’est par la Lituanie, la Biélorussie et l’Ukraine, au nord par la mer Baltique et la Russie (région de Kaliningrad). La Pologne est au beau milieu du continent européen: c’est en effet sur son territoire que se trouve le plus ancien centre géométrique calculé de l’Europe.
L’EMBLÈME de la POLOGNE est un aigle blanc sur fond rouge, surmonté d’une couronne or. Les couleurs nationales sont le blanc et le rouge.
La LANGUE OFFICIELLE utilisée en Pologne est le polonais. Sur une superficie de 312 700 km² vivent plus de 38 millions d’habitants.
La CAPITALE de la Pologne est Varsovie (env. 1 700 000 hab.), baignée par la Vistule, le plus long des fleuves polonais.
Les autres plus GRANDES VILLES de Pologne sont: Łódź, Cracovie, Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk, Katowice et Szczecin.
Au point de vue administratif la Pologne est divisée en voïvodies, powiats et communes. On dénombre 16 voïvodies (régions): la Mazovie, la Podlachie, la Silésie, la Poméranie, la Poméranie occidentale, la Warmie-Mazurie, les Précarpates, la Petite Pologne, la Basse Silésie, le Łódź, la Sainte-Croix, le Lublin, la Cujavie-Poméranie, la Grande-Pologne, la région de Lubuskie, l’Opole.
La Pologne fait partie de l’OTAN depuis 1999 et de l’Union européenne depuis 2004.
FÊTES ET JOURS NON OUVRABLES
Les jours fériés, ce sont tous les samedis et dimanches, de même que les fêtes suivantes: le nouvel An (1er janvier), Pâques (dimanche et lundi, fête mobile), la fête du Travail (1er mai), l’anniversaire de la Constitution du 3 Mai (3 mai), la Fête-Dieu (jeudi, fête mobile), l’Assomption (15 août), la Toussaints (1er novembre), la fête nationale de l’Indépendance (11 novembre), Noël (25 et 26 décembre).
RELIGION
Les Polonais sont considérés comme des gens très croyants. Bien que plus de 80 pour cent d’entre eux déclarent leur appartenance à l’Église catholique romaine, on peut trouver sur le territoire polonais des églises orthodoxes, des mosquées, des synagogues, des églises vieilles-catholiques, des centres bouddhistes, des temples protestants et autres.
PASSEPORT ET VISA
La Pologne a intégré le 21 décembre 2007 l’espace de Schengen, territoire où il n’y a plus de contrôles aux frontières internes, comprenant 25 États. Les États membres ont adopté des règles uniformes concernant les types de visas d’entrée pour un séjour de courte durée sur leur territoire. Pour pouvoir entrer dans l’espace de Schengen, les ressortissants hors Espace économique européen (EEE) doivent être en possession d’un document de voyage valable et du visa s’il est exigé.
#VOIR #ViDÉO #POLOGNE #POLONAIS #POLONAISE #POLSKA #POLAND
Soprano - Clown : l’analyse de Wojtek le Polak :
AUTRES VIDÉOS SUR LA POLOGNE DE YOUTUBEURS FRANCO-POLONAIS
Voyage mère/fille en Pologne - Natoo
Ajoutée le 19 juil. 2014
C'est les vacances alors j'en profite pour vous partager les miennes!
Je suis allée en Pologne avec ma mère en début d'année, en voilà quelques souvenirs.
Si ce genre de vidéo vlog vous plaît faites moi en part dans les commentaires et j'en posterai plus souvent sur ma chaîne.
Profitez bien de vos vacances et de votre famille!
( la vidéo est filmée avec une Canon mini Legria ).
Bibix - Road trip en Pologne
Ajoutée le 17 oct. 2014
Underneath the Largest Square in Europe
I can't believe it's here; last trip ever on study abroad :( I went to Poland to visit an old friend who studied with me at Louisville for a bit! Warsaw was a great vibrant and strong city. Went to my first ever bachelor party which was crazy fun! We also did a surprise trip to Krakow and went to an amazing museum underneath the largest square in the world!
Please be sure to check out the pages of the music I used! One is a guy I met while out in Holland! The links are below!
The Start of a Journey-
The other two songs:
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****Snapchat* Jordanus21393
Street Preaching in Olomouc, Czech Republic (Part 1 of 2)
Pavel is preaching to his Czech people right after the ice hockey game which the Czech Republic lost to Canada on May 16, 2015. I had a chance to witness to some local Czechs, including two beautiful Czech ladies, as they asked me questions about the Bible.
Thank God for this great opportunity to serve Him. I want to do this forever.
Kraków | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Kraków
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Kraków (UK: , US: ; Polish: [ˈkrakuf] ( listen)), also spelled Cracow or Krakow, is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 and has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, economic, cultural and artistic life. Cited as one of Europe's most beautiful cities, its Old Town was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The city has grown from a Stone Age settlement to Poland's second most important city. It began as a hamlet on Wawel Hill and was already being reported as a busy trading centre of Slavonic Europe in 965. With the establishment of new universities and cultural venues at the emergence of the Second Polish Republic in 1918 and throughout the 20th century, Kraków reaffirmed its role as a major national academic and artistic centre. The city has a population of about 770,000, with approximately 8 million additional people living within a 100 km (62 mi) radius of its main square.After the invasion of Poland by the Nazi Regime at the start of World War II, the newly defined Distrikt Krakau (Kraków District) became the capital of Germany's General Government. The Jewish population of the city was forced into a walled zone known as the Kraków Ghetto, from which they were sent to German extermination camps such as the nearby Auschwitz never to return, and the Nazi concentration camps like Płaszów.In 1978, Karol Wojtyła, archbishop of Kraków, was elevated to the papacy as Pope John Paul II — the first Slavic pope ever, and the first non-Italian pope in 455 years. Also that year, UNESCO approved the first ever sites for its new World Heritage List, including the entire Old Town in inscribing Kraków's Historic Centre. Kraków is classified as a global city with the ranking of high sufficiency by GaWC. Its extensive cultural heritage across the epochs of Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architecture includes the Wawel Cathedral and the Royal Castle on the banks of the Vistula, the St. Mary's Basilica, Saints Peter and Paul Church and the largest medieval market square in Europe, the Rynek Główny. Kraków is home to Jagiellonian University, one of the oldest universities in the world and traditionally Poland's most reputable institution of higher learning.
In 2000, Kraków was named European Capital of Culture. In 2013 Kraków was officially approved as a UNESCO City of Literature. The city hosted the World Youth Day in July 2016.
Kraków | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:57 1 Etymology
00:04:13 2 History
00:07:09 2.1 Kraków's Golden Age
00:09:22 2.2 19th century
00:12:16 2.3 20th century to the present
00:17:57 3 Geography
00:19:29 3.1 Climate
00:22:45 4 Cityscape
00:32:12 4.1 Parks and gardens
00:34:05 4.2 Environment
00:35:47 5 Governance
00:37:51 5.1 Districts
00:41:38 6 Economy
00:44:22 6.1 Entrepeneurship
00:44:42 6.2 Startup community
00:45:14 6.3 Famous entrepreneurs from Krakow
00:46:55 6.4 Knowledge and innovation community
00:47:39 7 Transport
00:49:39 8 Demographics
00:51:50 8.1 Religion
00:54:12 9 Education
00:57:34 10 Culture
00:58:36 10.1 Museums and national art galleries
01:01:33 10.2 Performing arts
01:03:00 10.3 Music
01:04:48 11 Tourism
01:06:52 12 Sports
01:09:36 13 International relations
01:09:46 13.1 Contemporary foreign names for the city
01:10:35 13.2 Twin towns and sister cities
01:10:52 14 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9466206333093912
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Kraków (UK: , US: ; Polish: [ˈkrakuf] (listen)), also spelled Cracow or Krakow, is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 and has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, economic, cultural and artistic life. Cited as one of Europe's most beautiful cities, its Old Town was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The city has grown from a Stone Age settlement to Poland's second most important city. It began as a hamlet on Wawel Hill and was already being reported as a busy trading centre of Central Europe in 965. With the establishment of new universities and cultural venues at the emergence of the Second Polish Republic in 1918 and throughout the 20th century, Kraków reaffirmed its role as a major national academic and artistic centre. The city has a population of about 770,000, with approximately 8 million additional people living within a 100 km (62 mi) radius of its main square.After the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany at the start of World War II, the newly defined Distrikt Krakau (Kraków District) became the capital of Germany's General Government. The Jewish population of the city was forced into a walled zone known as the Kraków Ghetto, from which they were sent to German extermination camps such as the nearby Auschwitz never to return, and the Nazi concentration camps like Płaszów.In 1978, Karol Wojtyła, archbishop of Kraków, was elevated to the papacy as Pope John Paul II—the first Slavic pope ever, and the first non-Italian pope in 455 years. Also that year, UNESCO approved the first ever sites for its new World Heritage List, including the entire Old Town in inscribing Kraków's Historic Centre. Kraków is classified as a global city with the ranking of high sufficiency by GaWC. Its extensive cultural heritage across the epochs of Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architecture includes the Wawel Cathedral and the Royal Castle on the banks of the Vistula, the St. Mary's Basilica, Saints Peter and Paul Church and the largest medieval market square in Europe, the Rynek Główny. Kraków is home to Jagiellonian University, one of the oldest universities in the world and traditionally Poland's most reputable institution of higher learning.
In 2000, Kraków was named European Capital of Culture. In 2013 Kraków was officially approved as a UNESCO City of Literature. The city hosted the World Youth Day in July 2016.
World Agudath Israel | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
World Agudath Israel
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
World Agudath Israel (Hebrew: אגודת ישראל), usually known as the Aguda, was established in the early twentieth century as the political arm of Ashkenazi Torah Judaism. It succeeded Agudas Shlumei Emunei Yisroel (Union of Faithful Jewry) in 1912. Its base of support was located in Eastern Europe before the Second World War but, due to the revival of the Hasidic movement, it included Orthodox Jews throughout Europe.
حوار الساعة - أبعاد خطاب نتنياهو أمام الكونغرس الأميركي وردود الفعل - 2015-03-04
أبعاد خطاب نتنياهو أمام الكونغرس الأميركي وردود الفعل
حوار الساعة
برنامج حواري يستضيف شخصية سياسية أو أكثر
ويحاورها في أبرز المستجدات حول قضية معينة
John Paul II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
John Paul II
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Pope John Paul II (Latin: Ioannes Paulus II; Italian: Giovanni Paolo II; Polish: Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła; [ˈkarɔl ˈjuzɛv vɔjˈtɨwa]; 18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005) served as Pope and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 to 2005.
He was elected by the second Papal conclave of 1978, which was called after Pope John Paul I, who had been elected in August to succeed Pope Paul VI, died after thirty-three days.
Cardinal Wojtyła was elected on the third day of the conclave and adopted his predecessor's name in tribute to him. John Paul II is recognised as helping to end Communist rule in his native Poland and eventually all of Europe. John Paul II significantly improved the Catholic Church's relations with Judaism, Islam, the Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Anglican Communion. He upheld the Church's teachings on such matters as artificial contraception and the ordination of women, but also supported the Church's Second Vatican Council and its reforms.
He was one of the most travelled world leaders in history, visiting 129 countries during his pontificate. As part of his special emphasis on the universal call to holiness, he beatified 1,340 people and canonised 483 saints, more than the combined tally of his predecessors during the preceding five centuries. By the time of his death, he had named most of the College of Cardinals, consecrated or co-consecrated a large number of the world's bishops, and ordained many priests. A key goal of John Paul's papacy was to transform and reposition the Catholic Church. His wish was to place his Church at the heart of a new religious alliance that would bring together Jews, Muslims and Christians in a great religious armada.John Paul II was the second longest-serving pope in modern history after Pope Pius IX, who served for nearly 32 years from 1846 to 1878. Born in Poland, John Paul II was the first non-Italian pope since the Dutch Pope Adrian VI, who served from 1522 to 1523. John Paul II's cause for canonisation commenced in 2005 one month after his death with the traditional five-year waiting period waived. On 19 December 2009, John Paul II was proclaimed Venerable by his successor Pope Benedict XVI and was beatified on 1 May 2011 (Divine Mercy Sunday) after the Congregation for the Causes of Saints attributed one miracle to his intercession, the healing of a French nun from Parkinson's disease. A second miracle attributed to John Paul II's intercession was approved on 2 July 2013, and confirmed by Pope Francis two days later (two miracles must be attributed to a person's intercession to be declared a saint). John Paul II was canonised on 27 April 2014 (again Divine Mercy Sunday), together with Pope John XXIII. On 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added these two optional memorials to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints, in response to worldwide requests. It is traditional to celebrate saints' feast days on the anniversary of their deaths, but that of John Paul II (22 October) is celebrated on the anniversary of his papal inauguration. Posthumously, he has been referred to by some Catholics as John Paul the Great, although the title has no official recognition.
POWWOW Festival
I lived an unforgettable experience in the summer of 2009. Indian friends from Northern America came to our city and gave us a 3-three day celebration through which I got to know their customs and traditions. After the celebration, I made 9 friends more with who we continue to be in contact, although they live thousands of kilometers far. I look forward to seeing them all next summer also. Another story from a Greek Rusian woman who was born in Soviet Union but came after 1975 in Greece and live now in Veria.