《錦繡中國》黑龍江·鶴崗 1230 | Fantastic China, Hegang County, Heilongjiang Province Ep. 18 HD
鶴崗市位於黑龍江省北部，地處小興安嶺山脈向三江平原的過渡地帶，北與俄羅斯猶太自治州隔黑龍江相望。蘿北口岸的中俄猶沿江公園、迦南星城、黑龍江流域博物館等，展現了中、俄、猶歷史文化特色，見證了兩岸三大民族的友好往來和歷史交往。中俄界河黑龍江，是世界上兩國之間最長的無污染界江之一，穿越小興安嶺的莽莽群山締造了壯美的龍江三峽，是普京虎進入中國的登陸地。鶴崗市曾獲“中國最佳山水文化旅遊勝地”、“中國極具發展潛力的旅遊城市”等稱號，其大界江、大森林、大濕地、大農業等生態資源獨具特色，有龍江三峽、鳳凰山滑雪場、諭霖射擊場、鶴立湖冰雪樂園、中俄跨境自駕遊等遊客喜愛的景區和旅遊線路產品。
Hegang City is located in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province and in the transition zone between Lesser Khingan Range and Sanjiang Plain. Also, Hegang City and Russian Judaic Autonomous Oblast are facing each other separated by Heilongjiang River. Yanjiang Park in Luobei port, Canaan Star City, and Heilongjiang Museum show historical and cultural features of China and Russia and witnessed the friendly exchanges and historical contacts among three major ethnic groups. Heilongjiang River, the boundary river between China and Russia, is one of the longest non-pollution boundary rivers, and it crosses Lesser Khingan Range. In addition, it is where the Siberian tiger entered China. Also, Hegang City got the title of “best landscape cultural tourist resort in China” and “the most promising tourist city in China”. There are several tourist attractions such as large rivers, huge forests, wetlands, agricultural resources, the three gorges in Longjiang River, ski resort in Fenghuang Mountain, Yulin Shooting Range, Ice Park in Lake Heli, and cross-border self-driving tour between Russia and China.
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《錦繡中國》集萃中國各地優質旅遊宣傳品及城市形象片進行雙語剪輯製作，欄目同時面向國內及境外觀眾，向全國觀眾推薦中國的旅遊城市及壯美山河風光，為中國的旅遊產業做出貢獻。分發平台包括國內的今日頭條、騰訊視頻、愛奇藝、優酷等網站，以及境外的Facebook和YouTube，歡迎供稿：travel@fjlytv.com。
Fantastic China is a series of select bilingual travel publicity films about different cities and provinces in China. It aims to show the splendid and amazing sceneries of China to audience around the world and makes a good contribution to Chinese tourist industry. It will upload videos on several domestic platforms including Headline Today(Jinritoutiao), Tencent Video, iqiyi, and Youku and overseas websites Facebook and YouTube. Contributions are most welcome: travel@fjlytv.com.
Preservation efforts needed to save historic places that remember Korean patriot Ahn's..
안중근 의사의 정신을 기억하는 땅…독립운동관련 시설 보존 필요
We are just days away from Korea's independence day.
So let's turn the spotlight to national heroes that fought for liberation from Japan's oppressive rule.
Some left a lasting mark while in other countries.
Which is why the Ministry of Patriot and Veterans Affairs is looking to check out the conditions of such historic sites.
Our Hong Yoo travelled to Harbin to learn more about the lack of preservation efforts there.
Harbin, a beautiful city located in northeastern China, is not only a popular tourist hotspot, it was also scene to the historic independence movement led in part by beloved Korean independence activist Ahn Jung-geun.
Ahn was the hero who helped wrestle Korea's sovereignty back from Imperial Japan.
The dark days of the early 1900s when Korea was colonialized by Imperial Japan brought Ahn to Harbin with the purpose of murdering Ito Hirobumi, the Japanese supervisor of Korea... or Chosun as it was known at the time.
Harbin train station looks a little different today, but it was here in 1909 where Ahn shot Ito - a historic event in Korea's struggle for independence from imperial Japan.
The platform where it happened was preserved in remembrance of Ahn Jung-geun's bravery until 2015, but it's no longer there.
Even the Ahn Jung-geun Memorial Museum that opened in the station in 2014 has been removed.
The museum has been temporarily relocated inside Harbin Korean National Art Museum.
A lot of people visited the museum. Especially, South Koreans' interest in Ahn Jung-geun increased and so the museum was able to let people know why he's such an important figure in our history. That's why we are trying our best to make sure the museum gets its place back when construction is complete.
But it remains to be seen whether the museum will get its place back.
It will have to wait until reconstruction work is finished in 2020.
Ahn stayed in Harbin for eleven days and during that time, he stayed in Kim Seong-baek's house, the leader of Chosun society residing in Harbin who worked to solve any problems they faced living in the Chinese city.
Is this the house in the photo?
Yes, it is.
Yet, this house that's such an important part of Korean history has not been preserved at all.
Instead it's home to a local resident.
Likewise, all these historic places that show Ahn's movements in Harbin are not being well managed.
The chief researcher of Korea Cultural Heritage Policy Research Institute agrees the historical sites are not being well preserved.
In order to manage our historical sites efficiently, a private-sector foundation must be created that is composed of experts in the field. The government's role would be to support this foundation monetarily. This would improve the foundation's overall management.
In fact, the historical sites in Harbin were mostly taken care of by Korean activists until the early 2000s.
Government efforts only started when the public demanded they support the work of Koreans trying to preserve the sites.
With the uncertainty in the air,... it's hoped the government can cooperate with the private sector to preserve and effectively manage these historical sites that are so dear to Koreans around the world.
Hong Yoo, Arirang News, Harbin.
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Moonsorrow Live in Harbin 2011-10-21
Moonsorrow live in Harbin Railway Technical College, Harbin, HeiLongJiang Province, China
Harbin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Harbin
00:01:59 1 History
00:02:08 1.1 Early history
00:04:47 1.2 International city
00:10:14 1.3 Japanese invasion period
00:14:57 1.4 After World War II
00:20:28 2 Geography
00:21:59 2.1 Climate
00:23:39 3 Administrative divisions
00:23:57 4 Economy
00:27:22 4.1 Economic Development Zones and Ports
00:31:34 5 Demographics
00:31:43 5.1 Population
00:33:01 5.2 Ethnic groups
00:33:47 5.3 Religion
00:34:31 6 Culture
00:35:01 6.1 Dialect
00:35:24 6.2 Cuisine
00:39:18 6.3 Winter culture
00:42:10 6.4 iThe Music City/i
00:43:03 6.4.1 Harbin Summer Music Concert
00:44:38 6.5 Media
00:44:46 6.6 Television and radio
00:45:39 7 Architecture
00:46:07 7.1 Historical architecture
00:48:10 7.2 Modern architecture
00:49:20 8 Sports
00:51:59 8.1 Events
00:53:18 9 Transport
00:53:27 9.1 Railway
00:55:47 9.2 Road
00:57:07 9.3 Air
00:58:20 9.4 Subway
01:00:28 9.5 Ports and waterways
01:01:05 10 Education
01:02:45 11 Military
01:03:16 12 International relations
01:04:11 13 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Harbin (Manchu: Harbin; Chinese: 哈尔滨 Hā'ěrbīn) is the capital of Heilongjiang province, and largest city in the northeastern region of the People's Republic of China. Holding sub-provincial administrative status, Harbin has direct jurisdiction over nine metropolitan districts, two county-level cities and seven counties. Harbin is the eighth most populous Chinese city according to the 2010 census, the built-up area (which consists of all districts except Shuangcheng and Acheng) had 5,282,093 inhabitants, while the total population of the sub-provincial city was up to 10,635,971. Harbin serves as a key political, economic, scientific, cultural, and communications hub in Northeast China, as well as an important industrial base of the nation.Harbin, whose name was originally a Manchu word meaning a place for drying fishing nets, grew from a small rural settlement on the Songhua River to become one of the largest cities in Northeast China. Founded in 1898 with the coming of the Chinese Eastern Railway, the city first prospered as a region inhabited by an overwhelming majority of the immigrants from the Russian Empire.Having the most bitterly cold winters among major Chinese cities, Harbin is heralded as the Ice City for its well-known winter tourism and recreations. Harbin is notable for its beautiful ice sculpture festival in the winter. Besides being well known for its historical Russian legacy, the city serves as an important gateway in Sino-Russian trade today, containing a sizable population of Russian diaspora. In the 1920s, the city was considered China's fashion capital since new designs from Paris and Moscow reached here first before arriving in Shanghai. The city was voted China Top Tourist City by the China National Tourism Administration in 2004. On 22 June 2010, Harbin was appointed a City of Music by the UN.
最后的部落 THE LAST TRIBES
This film tells the modern lives of the three ethnic groups living in Heilongjiang, namely the Oroqen, Hezhen and Dau. The Oroqens make a living from ...
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Daur people
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The Daur people are a Mongolic-speaking ethnic group.They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized in the People's Republic of China.They numbered 131,992 according to the latest census , and most of them live in Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner in Hulun Buir, Inner Mongolia and Meilisi Daur District in Qiqihar, Heilongjiang of China.There are also some near Tacheng in Xinjiang, where their ancestors were moved during the Qing Dynasty.
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Harbin | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:05 1 History
00:02:15 1.1 Early history
00:04:52 1.2 International city
00:16:10 1.3 Japanese invasion period
00:22:00 1.4 After World War II
00:28:30 2 Geography
00:30:13 2.1 Climate
00:32:04 3 Administrative divisions
00:32:24 4 Economy
00:36:14 4.1 Economic Development Zones and Ports
00:40:57 5 Demographics
00:41:06 5.1 Population
00:42:35 5.2 Ethnic groups
00:43:28 5.3 Religion
00:44:17 6 Culture
00:44:51 6.1 Dialect
00:45:16 6.2 Cuisine
00:49:39 6.3 Winter culture
00:52:54 6.4 iThe Music City/i
00:53:54 6.4.1 Harbin Summer Music Concert
00:55:41 6.5 Media
00:55:50 6.6 Television and radio
00:56:48 7 Architecture
00:57:19 7.1 Historical architecture
00:59:40 7.2 Modern architecture
01:00:57 8 Sports
01:03:56 8.1 Events
01:05:25 9 Transport
01:05:35 9.1 Railway
01:08:33 9.2 Road
01:09:58 9.3 Air
01:11:18 9.4 Metro
01:13:42 9.5 Ports and waterways
01:14:24 10 Education
01:16:16 11 Military
01:16:51 12 International relations
01:17:52 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
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Speaking Rate: 0.8530836655577817
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Harbin (Manchu: ᡥᠠᠯᠪᡳᠨ; Chinese: 哈尔滨 Hā'ěrbīn) is the capital of Heilongjiang province, and largest city in the northeastern region of the People's Republic of China. Holding sub-provincial administrative status, Harbin has direct jurisdiction over nine metropolitan districts, two county-level cities and seven counties. Harbin is the eighth most populous Chinese city according to the 2010 census, the built-up area (which consists of all districts except Shuangcheng and Acheng) had 5,282,093 inhabitants, while the total population of the sub-provincial city was up to 10,635,971. Harbin serves as a key political, economic, scientific, cultural, and communications hub in Northeast China, as well as an important industrial base of the nation.Harbin, whose name was originally a Manchu word meaning a place for drying fishing nets, grew from a small rural settlement on the Songhua River to become one of the largest cities in Northeast China. Founded in 1898 with the coming of the Chinese Eastern Railway, the city first prospered as a region inhabited by an overwhelming majority of immigrants from the Russian Empire.Having the most bitterly cold winters among major Chinese cities, Harbin is heralded as the Ice City for its well-known winter tourism and recreations. Harbin is notable for its beautiful ice sculpture festival in the winter. Besides being well known for its historical Russian legacy, the city serves as an important gateway in Sino-Russian trade today. In the 1920s, the city was considered China's fashion capital since new designs from Paris and Moscow reached here first before arriving in Shanghai. The city was voted China Top Tourist City by the China National Tourism Administration in 2004.
New Evidence Revealing Japanese Aggressors' Atrocities in China
New exhibits revealing the atrocities of the notorious Japanese bacteria troops Unit 731 are going to meet with the public in northeast China's Heilongjiang Province as China prepares to mark the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the world anti-Fascist war.
Among the new exhibits are medals won by Surgeon General Shiro Ishii, a critical Japanese army medical officer who led the bacteria war and suggested to the Japanese army to conduct the tests in northeast China.
Ishii's idea won support from the army and in 1933, a bacteria experiment field was established some 70 kilometers away from the Harbin City. This move marked the beginning of the human body experiment. Later, the Japanese army decided to establish a bigger base with better infrastructure to carry out bacteria studies.
It was definitely not an accidental or isolated event. It was part of their entire war strategy, said Xin Peilin, research fellow from Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Social Sciences.
Some 'special transfer' archives marked as confidential were revealed to the public starting from 1997. An order sent out by the Japanese Kwantung Army recorded a man named Li Pengge, who was an intelligence agent in the fight against the Japanese aggression. He was caught in 1941 by the Japanese troops. As he refused to cooperate with the aggressors, he was then transferred to the Unit 731.
Li's daughter, Li Fengqin, who had spent years to find her father, found a name list of the victims killed by the 731 Unit in the newspaper in 1998. The clue ignited her hope and eight years later, she found her father's name in the 'special transfer' archive in the Museum of War Crimes Evidence by Japanese Army Unit 731.
We went to the relics of the Unit 731 as soon as we found that archive. My brother and I, we mourned for our father. I'd never had the chance to call my father, never. And neither my brother, as he was still a baby then. We knelt down there and for the first time, we called 'father', said Li.
The more than 1,000 'special transfer' archives currently found show that people being sent to the Unit 731 included not only Chinese, but also Koreans and Russians.
The 'special transfer' archives are evidence to prove the existence of Unit 731 and to prove that the Unit 731 used human beings to do experiments. The archives made clear about the human sources, their identities, the number of the victims and their nationalities. So these archives should be the most powerful evidence to prove that the Unit 731 used live human beings to do experiments, said Jin Chengmin, curator of the Museum of War Crime Evidence by Japanese Army Unit 731.
On August 9, 1945, the Soviet Red Army attacked the Japanese troops in northeast China. Unable to resist the attacks, the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office ordered the Unit 731 to withdraw at once and to bomb the facilities, destroy the documents and kill the witnesses.
Why the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office thought of the Unit 731 the moment the Soviet Red Army launched attacks? This was because they knew that they were conducting the bacteria warfare, developing the bacteria weapons. The bacteria warfare was against the international convention. It was the most important evidence to declare the emperor as a war criminal in the future. So the Unit 731 came to their mind at once and decided to destroy the evidence, said Xu Zhanjiang, research fellow of the Museum of War Crime Evidence by Japanese Army Unit 731.
On August 15, 1945, Japanese Emperor Hirohito delivered a recorded radio address to the nation, announcing the surrender of Japan in World War II, one day after Japan declared its acceptance of the provisions of the Potsdam Proclamation.
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Xiongnu | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Xiongnu
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Xiongnu [ɕjʊ́ŋ.nǔ] (Chinese: 匈奴; Wade–Giles: Hsiung-nu) were a confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Asian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD. Chinese sources report that Modu Chanyu, the supreme leader after 209 BC, founded the Xiongnu Empire.After their previous overlords, the Yuezhi, migrated into Central Asia during the 2nd century BC, the Xiongnu became a dominant power on the steppes of north-east Central Asia, centred on an area known later as Mongolia. The Xiongnu were also active in areas now part of Siberia, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Xinjiang. Their relations with adjacent Chinese dynasties to the south east were complex, with repeated periods of conflict and intrigue, alternating with exchanges of tribute, trade, and marriage treaties.
Attempts to identify the Xiongnu with later groups of the western Eurasian Steppe remain controversial. Scythians and Sarmatians were concurrently to the west. The identity of the ethnic core of Xiongnu has been a subject of varied hypotheses, because only a few words, mainly titles and personal names, were preserved in the Chinese sources. The name Xiongnu may be cognate with that of the Huns or the Huna, although this is disputed. Other linguistic links – all of them also controversial – proposed by scholars include Iranian, Mongolic, Turkic, Uralic, Yeniseian, Tibeto-Burman or multi-ethnic.
Xiongnu | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Xiongnu
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Xiongnu [ɕjʊ́ŋ.nǔ] (Chinese: 匈奴; Wade–Giles: Hsiung-nu) were a confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Asian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD. Chinese sources report that Modu Chanyu, the supreme leader after 209 BC, founded the Xiongnu Empire.After their previous overlords, the Yuezhi, migrated into Central Asia during the 2nd century BC, the Xiongnu became a dominant power on the steppes of north-east Central Asia, centred on an area known later as Mongolia. The Xiongnu were also active in areas now part of Siberia, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Xinjiang. Their relations with adjacent Chinese dynasties to the south east were complex, with repeated periods of conflict and intrigue, alternating with exchanges of tribute, trade, and marriage treaties.
Attempts to identify the Xiongnu with later groups of the western Eurasian Steppe remain controversial. Scythians and Sarmatians were concurrently to the west. The identity of the ethnic core of Xiongnu has been a subject of varied hypotheses, because only a few words, mainly titles and personal names, were preserved in the Chinese sources. The name Xiongnu may be cognate with that of the Huns or the Huna, although this is disputed. Other linguistic links – all of them also controversial – proposed by scholars include Iranian, Mongolic, Turkic, Uralic, Yeniseian, Tibeto-Burman or multi-ethnic.
Manchuria | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Manchuria
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Manchuria (simplified Chinese: 满洲; traditional Chinese: 滿洲; pinyin: Mǎnzhōu) is a name first used in the 17th century by Japanese people to refer to a large geographic region in Northeast Asia. Depending on the context, Manchuria can either refer to a region that falls entirely within the People's Republic of China or a larger region divided between China and Russia. Manchuria is widely used outside China to denote the geographical and historical region. This region is the traditional homeland of the Xianbei, Khitan, and Jurchen (later called Manchu 满族) peoples, who built several states within the area historically (however, no term for Manchuria exists in the Manchu language, which originally referred to the area as the Three Eastern Provinces; mnc. ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳᡳᠯᠠᠨᡤᠣᠯᠣ, Dergi ilan golo; zh. 東三省 / 东三省, Dōng Sānshěng).
Manchukuo | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Manchukuo
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Manchukuo (traditional Chinese: 滿洲國; pinyin: Mǎnzhōuguó; Japanese: 満州国; rōmaji: Manshūkoku; State of Manchuria; in other Axis languages: Italian: Manciukuò and German: Mandschukuo) was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia from 1932 until 1945. It was founded as a republic, but in 1934 it became a constitutional monarchy. It had limited international recognition and was under the de facto control of Japan.
The area, collectively known as Manchuria, was the homeland of the Manchus, including the emperors of the Qing dynasty. In 1931, the region was seized by Japan following the Mukden Incident and a pro-Japanese government was installed one year later with Puyi, the last Qing emperor, as the nominal regent and later emperor. Manchukuo's government was dissolved in 1945 after the surrender of Imperial Japan at the end of World War II. The territories formally claimed by the puppet state were first seized in the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945, and then formally transferred to Chinese administration in the following year.Manchus formed a minority in Manchukuo, whose largest ethnic group were Han Chinese. The population of Koreans increased during the Manchukuo period, and there were also Japanese, Mongols, White Army Russians and other minorities. The Mongol regions of western Manchukuo were ruled under a slightly different system in acknowledgement of the Mongolian traditions there. The southern part of the Liaodong Peninsula was ruled by Japan as the Kwantung Leased Territory.
Manchukuo | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Manchukuo
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Manchukuo (traditional Chinese: 滿洲國; pinyin: Mǎnzhōuguó; Japanese: 満州国; rōmaji: Manshūkoku; State of Manchuria; in other Axis languages: Italian: Manciukuò and German: Mandschukuo) was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia from 1932 until 1945. It was founded as a republic, but in 1934 it became a constitutional monarchy. It had limited international recognition and was under the de facto control of Japan.
The area, collectively known as Manchuria, was the homeland of the Manchus, including the emperors of the Qing dynasty. In 1931, the region was seized by Japan following the Mukden Incident and a pro-Japanese government was installed one year later with Puyi, the last Qing emperor, as the nominal regent and later emperor. Manchukuo's government was dissolved in 1945 after the surrender of Imperial Japan at the end of World War II. The territories formally claimed by the puppet state were first seized in the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945, and then formally transferred to Chinese administration in the following year.Manchus formed a minority in Manchukuo, whose largest ethnic group were Han Chinese. The population of Koreans increased during the Manchukuo period, and there were also Japanese, Mongols, White Army Russians and other minorities. The Mongol regions of western Manchukuo were ruled under a slightly different system in acknowledgement of the Mongolian traditions there. The southern part of the Liaodong Peninsula was ruled by Japan as the Kwantung Leased Territory.