Russia: Вязьма / Russia: Vyazma
Прогулка по Вязьме: центральная площадь, памятник Лаптю, Троицкий собор, Спасская башня, памятник генералу Ефремову, Иоанно-Предтечев женский монастырь с церковью Одигитрии/Vyazma is a town in Western Russia, first mentioned in a chronicle in 1230. The Holy Trinity cathedral, Spasskaya tower of the Medieval Kremlin and the Hodegetria church are the most famous attracions.
СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ / SEE ALSO:
Россия: поместье Грибоедовых Хмелита/Russia: Khmelita estate
Москва: Коломенское / Moscow: Kolomenskoye estate
Тула: Музей самоваров / Russia: Tula Museum of Samovars
Тула: Музей оружия / Russia: Weaponry Museum in Tula
Аквариум в Нью-Йорке / New York Aquarium
Россия: Тульский кремль / Russia: Tula Kremlin
Москва: Новоспасский монастырь /Moscow: Novospassky monastery b0EJpjyWk1s
Москва: Бородинская панорама/Moscow: The battle of Borodino panorama museum)
США, Нью-Йорк: Хайлайн-парк / NYC: The High Line Park
США: Нью-Йорк, Пятая авеню / NYC: 5th avenue
Вязьма / Vyazma in pre-revolutionary photographs
Дореволюционная Россия на фотографиях
Вязьма
Pre-revolutionary photographs of Russia
Vyazma
Vyazma is a town in Smolensk Oblast, Russia and throughout her turbulent history, defended the western approaches to Moscow.
First mentioned in chronicles dating to 1230, the town is believed to be much older and was named after the river, whose name was from Russian word вязь (vyaz'), meaning bog or swamp.
The town remained a part of the Smolensk principality until 1403, when it was seized by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
In 1494, Vyazma was captured by the Grand Duchy of Moscow and turned into a fortress town with an earthen stronghold erected on a high cliff overlooking the Vyazma River. After the devastating wars of the 16th and early 17th centuries, Moscow decided to rebuild the kremlin, but without costly masonry walls. Within these fortified walls also contained a cathedral, dedicated to the Trinity. During the 1812 War, the town fell to the retreating French and much of Vyazma was burnt to the ground………..
Music:
The Dream in A flat major by Anton Arensky
Russian Art - 4 Architecture: Late Muscovite Period
Fourth video about the Russian Art serie. Any doubt? Send me a message.
Historia del Arte:
Land of the Art:
Russian culture is an hybrid generated from habits of many civilizations that shaped this great multicultural state, and it is the result of its development for several centuries, being deeply rooted in the culture of the first eastern slavs.
The Late Muscovite Period goes from 1630 to 1712. After the Period of Troubles, the church and state were in bankrupt, and they couldn't pay more constructions.
The rich merchants of Yaroslavl financed many cathedrals in XVII century, with many bulbous domes and tended roof.
Elijah the Prophet, Yaroslavl: the first churches were asymmetric, like this. It follows the tradition of Middle Muscovite Period. The interior has frescoes of byzantine influence. They were commissioned by Ulita Makarova in 1680, and were painted by a team of 15 people leaded by Guriy Nikitin and Sila Savin. They represent scenes of the life of Elijah and also normal life scenes.
St. John Chrysostom, Korovniki: it follows the aesthetic of the previous one but greater. The bulbous domes are very big compared with the own building.
St. John the Baptist, Yaroslavl: it is the best of all these churches, and the most beautiful. It has fifteen domes. The belltower was built later, in mid-1690. The interior has more than five hundred frescoes about christian saints, St. John the Baptist and biblical themes. They were painted by Dmitri Pleyanov and Fiodor Ignatiev in 1694-1695.
The churches of Moscow of XVII century are very well decorated, but they are more little.
Ascension of Uglich: I'm not even sure if the image I put is of this church to be honest...
Hodegetria, Vyazma: one of the most beautiful buildings. It has three tended roofs, similar to candles. It is called so by Virgin Theotokos Hodegetria, the Virgin that guides saying that the Child is the path to salvation.
Nativity, Putinki: many tended roofs, following the aesthetic of the one of Vyazma.
The Patriarch Nikon said that tended roof constructions were not byzantine-typical, and so he declared them anti-canonical. The tended roofs were forbidden.
Voskresensky Monastery: this is the residence of Nikon. It is also called New Jerusalem Monastery or Resurrection cathedral. Byzantine forms are recuperated.
When the tended roofs were forbidden, the muscovite architects used bracket arches, called kokoshniki.
Kazan cathedral, Moscow: do not confuse with the one in St. Petersburg. It is in the Red Square. It is a reconstruction, because Stalin destroyed it in 1936.
Holy Trinity, Nikitniki
St. Nicholas, Khamovniki
Trinity, Ostankino
Great Cross, Kitai-gorod: this one was destroyed by Stalin and was lost.
Russian architecture became purely decorative, influenced by ukrainian and polish baroque. The first russian baroque churches were little chapels built in zones of family Naryshkin, near Moscow, so the name of Naryshkin baroque is frequently used in this style. Some of these churches are similar to towers, with cubic or ortogonal floors.
Protection of the Theotokos, Fili: composition similar to a stair, with belltower.
Ascension, Pokrovka: it seems more like a jewelry work than a building.
The Stroganov patronized many baroque buildings.
Nativity, Nizhny
At beginning XVIII century it is interesting to name the wooden churches in the north of Russia.
Intercession, Vytegra: it has 24 domes.
Kizhi Pogost: the legend says that the carpenter Nestor only used one axe, that when the building was done, he threw it into the lake Onega while he said there wasn't and won't be other church like this. The most important building of this complex is the Transfiguration church, with 22 domes. Near it is the Intercession church, with 9 domes. The amazing thing of these constructions is that they were built without any nail.
As an add...
Palace of Aleksei Mikhailovich: the artistic reconstruction of interiors was based in historical sources and authentic prototypes.
Take a look at this link for more russian wooden churches:
Music: Pólyushko-Pole by Irfan Kaya [Полюшко-Поле]
Photos taken in Google images.
No copyright infringement intended.
Послевоенный Ржев / Postwar Rzhev
Послевоенный Ржев
Post War Rzhev.
Rzhev is one of the oldest towns in Russia having been founded in the Middle Ages and mentioned in documents dating back to 1019.
During World War II, Rzhev was occupied by German troops from 14 October 1941 to 3 March 1943. More than one-sixth of the population was sent off to forced labor in Germany during the Nazi occupation and some nine thousand residents were shot, starved, or tortured to death in a concentration camp set up in the center of town. During this occupation, the general area of Rzhev, Sychyovka and Vyazma was the site of a set of major military operations between the Red Army and Nazi German military forces. These operations, which resulted in a great loss of civilian and military life, are commonly referred to as the Battles of Rzhev and almost completely wiped out the population of the town. Almost no old architecture survived these battles.