Rhodes, Old City - Greece Travel Channel
The old town of Rhodes with its nested and narrow lanes reflects the turbulent history of the city and the island.
The city was founded after the victory of the Delian League over the Persians in 408 BC. After the Delian League was dissolved, Rhodes became independent. Later, Rhodes approached to the Romans, but fell in disgrace due to the support of the Macedonian king Perseus .
After the partition of the Roman Empire, Rhodes belonged to the Eastern Roman Empire and later to Byzantium. Changeable conquests by the Genoese and Venetians followed until Rhodes fell to the crusaders. 200 years later it was part of the Ottoman Empire. In 1912 Italy occupied Rhodes. After the end of World War II Rhodes became part of the Kingdom of Greece.
Many of these political phases are reflected in the architecture of this city, particulary in the Suleyman Pasha Muschee and the adjacent Turkish quarter. The Socrates street leads to Platia Ippokratu with the Owl Fountain and the adjacent square of the Jewish martyrs with the Seahorse Fountain. The oldest Islamic mosque in the city is the Ibrahim Pasha Mosque
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Die Altstadt von Rhodos, mit ihren verschachtelten und engen Gassen, spiegelt die bewegte Vergangenheit der Stadt und der Insel wider.
Gegründet wurde die Stadt im Jahr 408 v. Chr. nach dem Sieg des attischen Seebundes über die Perser. Nach dem Ende des attischen Seebundes wurde es unabhängig. Später näherte sich Rhodos an die Römer an, fiel jedoch durch die Unterstützung des makedonischen Königs Perseus in Ungnade.
Nach der Teilung des römischen Reiches gehörte Rhodos zum oströmischen Reich und später zu Byzanz. Es folgten wechselhafte Eroberungen durch die Genueser und Venezianer, bis Rhodos an die Kreuzritter fiel. 200 Jahre später gehörte es zum osmanischen Reich. 1912 besetzte Italien Rhodos. Nach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges kam Rhodos zum Königreich Griechenland. Viele dieser politischen Phasen spiegelt sich in der Architektur dieser Stadt wider, besonders zu sehen um die Süleyman-Pascha-Muschee und dem angrenzenden Türkenviertel. Die Sokratesstraße führt zum Platia Ippokratu mit dem Eulenbrunnen und den angrenzenden Platz der jüdischen Märtyrer mit dem Seepferdchenbrunnen. Die älteste islamische Moschee der Stadt ist die Ibrahim Pascha Moschee.
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Suleiman mosque old city Rhodes, Castello House Restaurant near sights old city Rhodes.
Suleiman mosque old city Rhodes, Castello House Restaurant near sights old city Rhodes.
Great roof garden with amazing views of the old town. The staff are friendly and very helpful, food and service is next to none. Would recommend to anyone!!
My wife and I ate here and we enjoyed the food and atmosphere, Situated on a roof top. I had cheese pie to start and Stiffado for mains and both were very tasty.
Mosque in Kos Island Greece 200 years Old(2)
Ancient Mosque
Mosque in Kos Island Greece 200 years Old(3)
Ancient Mosque
Desecration of Ottoman Qaramanli Graves
Desecration of Ottoman Qaramanli Graves: Family of Yusuf Pasha Qarmali on Sha't Street in Tripoli Libya. The desecration was photographed on 24th August 2012
The Mosques on the Island of Kos
The mosques in Kos built during the Ottoman period had been closed by the Greek authorities after the earthquake in July 2017 in Greece for renovation. Their renovation has been pending for 2 years and today there are no mosques on the island where the Muslim Turkish community of Kos can pray.
Cappadocia & Chios: call to worship
Two very short video clips:
From our hotel room terrace in Göreme, Cappadocia at night: the Adhan (call to prayer) from a nearby mosque carries across the beautiful landscape of Cappadocia.
Then, a panoramic look around the inner court of our hotel (Lida Mary) in the village of Mesta on the island of Chios, Greece, the bells from the nearby church of Taxiarches call out on a Sunday morning.
The Ottoman Province Of Crete
The island of Crete (Ottoman Turkish: ایالت گریت; Eyālet-i Girīt) was declared an Ottoman eyalet in 1646, after the Ottomans managed to conquer the western part of the island as part of the Cretan War, but the Venetians would not surrender the capital Candia until 1669, when Francesco Morosini surrendered the keys of the town. The island fortresses of Souda, Granbousa, and Spinalonga would remain under Venetian rule until in 1715. Crete became a vilayet in 1864 as a result of the Tanzimat reforms. The autonomous Cretan State was established in 1898.
During the Cretan War (1645--1669), Venice was pushed out of Crete by the Ottoman Empire. Most of the island fell in the first years of the war, but the capital Candia (Heraklion) held out during long siege which lasted from 1648 to 1669, possibly the longest siege in history. The last Venetian outposts, the island fortresses of Souda, Gramvousa and Spinalonga, fell in the Ottoman--Venetian War of 1714--1718.
Rebellions against Ottoman rule
There were significant rebellions against Ottoman rule, particularly in Sfakia.
Daskalogiannis was a famous rebel leader. who in 1770 led a heroic but foredoomed revolt, which did not get the aid from the Russians who instigated it (see Orlov Revolt).
The Greek War of Independence began in 1821 and Cretan participation was extensive. An uprising by Christians met with a fierce response from the Ottoman authorities and the execution of several bishops, regarded as ringleaders. Between 1821 and 1828, the island was the scene of repeated hostilities. The Muslims were driven into the large fortified towns on the north coast and it would appear that as many as 60% of them died from plague or famine while there. The Cretan Christians also suffered severely, losing around 21% of their population. During the great massacre of Heraklion on 24 June 1821, remembered in the area as the great ravage (ο μεγάλος αρπεντές, o megalos arpentes), the Turks also killed the metropolite of Crete, Gerasimos Pardalis, and five more bishops.
As the Ottoman Sultan, Mahmud II, had no army of his own available, he was forced to seek the aid of his rebellious vassal and rival, Muhammad Ali of Egypt, who sent an expedition to the island. In 1825 Muhammad Ali's son, Ibrahim, landed in Crete and began to massacre the majority Greek community.
Britain decided that Crete should not become part of the new Kingdom of Greece on its independence in 1830, evidently fearing that it would either become a centre of piracy as it had often been in the past, or a Russian naval base in the East Mediterranean. Rather than being included in the new Greek state, Crete was administered by an Albanian from Egypt, Mustafa Naili Pasha (known as Mustafa Pasha), whose rule attempted to create a synthesis of Muslim landowners and the emergent Christian commercial classes.
Though subsequent Greek nationalist historiography has portrayed the Pasha as an oppressive figure, as reported by British and French consular observers, he seems to have been generally cautious, pro-British, and to have tried harder to win the support of the Cretan Christians (having married the daughter of a priest and allowed her to remain Christian) than the Cretan Muslims. In 1834, however, a Cretan committee was set up in Athens to work for the union of the island with Greece.
Ch. 18 sec. 1: Suleiman the Magnificent -- 6.5 min
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An old mosque on Cyprus in Limasol.
The Mosque of Rethymno Fortres,Crete,Greece s Daniel Dimitrov
Kuchuk Hasan Dzami( Mosque) at Old Venetian Port of Chania,Crete,Greece s Daniel Dimitrov
the old mosque at the old port of Chania is one of the simbols of the City
The Life And Death Of Malkocoglu Hamza Bey
Hamza Bey, born Hamza Malkoçoğlu, died 1460, was a 15th century Ottoman admiral.
Hamza Bey was born into a prominent Akıncı Malkoçoğlu family, a Serbian noble family which had become Ottoman vassals following the Battle of Maritsa.
Hamza Bey came to prominence, as a commander in Murad II's fleet, during the siege of Thessalonica, which in 1430 was ultimately successful.
In 1453 Hamza Bey was made commander of the Ottoman fleet during the Fall of Constantinople; replacing Suleiman Baltoghlu, when Baltoghlu failed to stop the escape of three Genoese galleys and a Byzantine ship through the Ottoman blockade of the city. In the final assault on the city, in order to prevent defenders from the reinforcing the critical northern and western parts of the wall, Hamza and the Ottoman fleet was to provide diversionary attacks against the sea walls of Constantinople in the south, on the Sea of Marmara; and against the dam across Golden Horn in the east. On the day of the assault, May 29, Hamza's forces were unable to force the Byzantine defences, with those troops which managed to gain a foothold being easily repulsed. However, overall the Ottoman assault was successful.
Hamza Bey was to remain Commander of the Ottoman fleet until 1456. Following the Fall of Constantinople, the Ottoman fleet was tasked with the conquest of the islands of the Aegean; and Imbros, Lemnos and Thasos fell to the Ottomans. However, stalled by the Knights of Rhodes, Hamza was unable to take the remainder of the Aegean, leaving Christian forces astride the Ottoman route from their new capital to the Mediterranean proper.
In 1460, as Bey of Nicopolis, Hamza was at the head of an embassy to the Wallachians, en route he and his party were ambushed by Vlad the Impaler. Together with his men, Hamza was impaled by Vlad, being given the dubious honour of having the highest stake in deference to his rank.
Monuments
Hamza's body was recovered by his sons, and was buried in a complex that he had built in Bursa. The complex which still exists today, consists of a mosque and a number of tombs, including that of Hamza and his family.
For his part in the taking of Thessalonica in 1430, the Hamza Bey Mosque, was built there in his name. Following the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, the mosque fell out of use as a place of worship. After being used for various commercial undertakings, most notably as a cinema, the mosque was brought by the Greek state in 2006 for restoration.
Greek Revolution 1821 (english subs)
Subtitled in english for all Greeks abroad, a shorter version of the documentary 1821 made by Skai Television.
Copyrights owned by Skai Television
The full version of the documentary caused a lot of controversy in Greece for various strange ideas presented, while this cut focuses in historical facts.
Suleiman the Magnificent
Suleiman I /ˌsʊlɪˈmɑːn/, known as the Magnificent in the West and Kanuni (the Lawgiver) in the East, (6 November 1494 -- 7 September 1566) was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1520 to his death in 1566.
Suleiman became a prominent monarch of 16th-century Europe, presiding over the apex of the Ottoman Empire's military, political and economic power. Suleiman personally led Ottoman armies in conquering the Christian strongholds of Belgrade, Rhodes, as well as most of Hungary before his conquests were checked at the Siege of Vienna in 1529. He annexed much of the Middle East in his conflict with the Safavids and large areas of North Africa as far west as Algeria. Under his rule, the Ottoman fleet dominated the seas from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea and through the Persian Gulf.
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KIL Supporterklubb - Årsfilm 2011
Oppsumering med bilder og video av tifoåret 2011
Suleiman the Magnificent | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Suleiman the Magnificent
00:02:41 1 Alternative names and titles
00:03:23 2 Early life
00:04:16 2.1 Accession
00:05:10 3 Military campaigns
00:05:19 3.1 Conquests in Europe
00:10:13 3.2 Ottoman–Safavid War
00:12:38 3.3 Campaigns in the Indian Ocean
00:15:32 3.4 Mediterranean and North Africa
00:18:44 4 Administrative reforms
00:22:21 5 Cultural achievements
00:25:16 6 Personal life
00:25:25 6.1 Consorts
00:25:55 6.2 Issue
00:26:07 6.2.1 Sons
00:28:01 6.2.2 Daughters
00:28:53 6.3 Relationship with Hürrem Sultan
00:30:00 6.4 Languages
00:30:14 6.5 Grand Vizier Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha
00:32:16 7 Succession
00:36:23 8 Death
00:37:16 9 Legacy
00:41:08 10 In popular culture
00:41:59 11 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Suleiman I (Ottoman Turkish: سلطان سليمان اول Sultan Süleyman-ı Evvel; Turkish: Birinci Süleyman, Kanunî Sultan Süleyman or Muhteşem Süleyman; 6 November 1494 – 6 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the West and Kanunî Sultan Süleyman (Ottoman Turkish: قانونى سلطان سليمان; The Lawgiver Suleiman) in his realm, was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 until his death in 1566. Under his administration, the Ottoman state ruled over 15 to 25 million people.
Suleiman became a prominent monarch of 16th-century Europe, presiding over the apex of the Ottoman Empire's economic, military and political power. Suleiman personally led Ottoman armies in conquering the Christian strongholds of Belgrade and Rhodes as well as most of Hungary before his conquests were checked at the Siege of Vienna in 1529. He annexed much of the Middle East in his conflict with the Safavids and large areas of North Africa as far west as Algeria. Under his rule, the Ottoman fleet dominated the seas from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea and through the Persian Gulf.At the helm of an expanding empire, Suleiman personally instituted major legislative changes relating to society, education, taxation and criminal law. His reforms, carried out in conjunction with the empire's chief judicial official Ebussuud Efendi, harmonized the relationship between the two forms of Ottoman law; sultanic (Kanun) and religious (Sharia). He was a distinguished poet and goldsmith; he also became a great patron of culture, overseeing the Golden age of the Ottoman Empire in its artistic, literary and architectural development.Breaking with Ottoman tradition, Suleiman married Hurrem Sultan, a woman from his harem, a Christian of Ruthenian origin who converted to Islam, and who became famous in the West by the name Roxelana, purportedly due to her red hair. Their son Selim II succeeded Suleiman following his death in 1566 after 46 years of rule. Suleiman's other potential heirs Mehmed and Mustafa had died, the former from smallpox and the latter had been strangled to death 13 years earlier at the sultan's order. His other son Bayezid was executed in 1561 on Suleiman's orders, along with his four sons, after a rebellion. Although scholars no longer believe that the empire declined after his death, the end of Suleiman's reign is still frequently characterized as a watershed in Ottoman history. In the decades after Suleiman, the empire began to experience significant political, institutional, and economic changes, a phenomenon often referred to as the Transformation of the Ottoman Empire.
Nicosia
Nicosia (/ˌnɪkəˈsiːə/ NIK-ə-SEE-ə; Greek: Λευκωσία; IPA:[lefkoˈsi.a], Turkish: Lefkoşa) is the capital and largest city on the island of Cyprus, as well as its main business centre. It is located near the centre of the Mesaoria plain, on the banks of the River Pedieos.
Nicosia is the capital and seat of government of the Republic of Cyprus. It is the southeasternmost capital of the EU member states. The northern part of the city functions as the capital of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, a disputed region recognized only by Turkey, and which the international community recognises as Cypriot territory under Turkish occupation, and has done so since the Turkish invasion in 1974.
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The River War: An Account of the Reconquest of the Sudan by Winston S. Churchill
When the self-proclaimed Mahdi (“Guided One”) gathered Islamic forces and kicked the Anglo-Egyptians out of the Sudan, he unleashed a backlash. With the image of the heroic General Charles Gordon dying at Khartoum, the British public was ready to support a war to reclaim the lost territories. And when the political time was right, a British-Egyptian-Sudanese expedition led by the redoubtable Herbert Kitchener set out to do just that.
The river involved was the Nile. For millennia, its annual flood has made habitable a slender strip, though hundreds of miles of deserts, between its tributaries and its delta. Through this desolate region, man and beast struggled to supply the bare essentials of life. Though this same region, the expedition had to find and defeat an enemy several times larger than itself.
The young Churchill was hot to gain war experience to aid his career, and so he wangled a transfer to the 21st Lancers and participated in the last successful cavalry charge the world ever saw, in the climactic battle of Omdurman. He also had a position as war correspondent for the Morning Post, and on his return to England he used his notes to compose this book.
Chapter 01. The Rebellion of the Mahdi - 00:00
Chapter 02. The Fate of the Envoy - 1:24:09
Chapter 03. The Dervish Empire - 2:45:41
Chapter 04. The Years of Preparation - 3:33:13
Chapter 05. The Beginning of the War - 4:15:26
Chapter 06. Firket - 5:00:59
Chapter 07. The Recovery of the Dongola Province - 5:21:57
Chapter 08. The Desert Railway - 6:15:20
Chapter 09. Abu Hamed - 7:04:52
Chapter 10. Berber - 7:46:23
Chapter 11. Reconaissance - 8:22:42
Chapter 12. The Battle of the Atbara - 8:52:56
Chapter 13. The Grand Advance - 9:21:50
Chapter 14. The Operations of the First of September - 9:50:47
Chapter 15. The Battle of Omdurman - 10:17:57
Chapter 16. The Fall of the City - 11:34:01
Chapter 17. The Fashoda Incident - 11:55:29
Chapter 18. On the Blue Nile - 12:28:57
Chapter 19. The End of the Khalifa - 13:12:58
Appendix - 13:54:27
Tripoli | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:56 1 History
00:04:33 1.1 16th to 19th centuries
00:08:19 1.2 Barbary Wars
00:11:06 1.3 Late Ottoman era
00:11:41 1.4 Italian era
00:15:20 1.5 Gaddafi era
00:16:36 1.6 Libyan civil war
00:19:25 2 Law and government
00:21:22 3 Geography
00:21:57 3.1 Administrative division
00:22:48 3.2 Climate and ecology
00:25:02 4 Economy
00:28:24 5 Main sights
00:30:02 6 Education
00:30:58 7 Sports
00:31:42 8 International relations
00:32:12 9 Air transport
00:34:23 10 Gallery
00:34:33 11 See also
00:34:57 12 References and notes
00:35:14 13 Further reading
00:36:35 14 External links
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
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Speaking Rate: 0.9491753645657965
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Tripoli (; Arabic: طرابلس, Ṭarābulus; Berber: Oea or Wy't) is the capital city and the largest city of Libya, with a population of about 1.158 million people in 2018. It is located in the northwest of Libya on the edge of the desert, on a point of rocky land projecting into the Mediterranean Sea and forming a bay. It includes the port of Tripoli and the country's largest commercial and manufacturing centre. It is also the site of the University of Tripoli. The vast Bab al-Azizia barracks, which includes the former family estate of Muammar Gaddafi, is also located in the city. Colonel Gaddafi largely ruled the country, from his residence in this barracks.
Tripoli was founded in the 7th century BC by the Phoenicians, who named it Oea. Due to the city's long history, there are many sites of archaeological significance in Tripoli. Tripoli may also refer to the shabiyah (top-level administrative division in the current Libyan system), the Tripoli District.
Tripoli is also known as Tripoli-of-the-West (Arabic: طرابلس الغرب Ṭarābulus al-Gharb), to distinguish it from its Phoenician sister city Tripoli, Lebanon, known in Arabic as Ṭarābulus al-Sham (طرابلس الشام), meaning Levantine Tripoli. It is affectionately called The Mermaid of the Mediterranean (عروسة البحر ʿArūsat al-Baḥr; lit: bride of the sea), describing its turquoise waters and its whitewashed buildings. Tripoli is a Greek name that means Three Cities, introduced in Western European languages through the Italian Tripoli. In Arabic, it is called طرابلس, Ṭarābulus (pronunciation ; Libyan Arabic: Ṭrābləs, pronunciation ; Berber: Ṭrables, from Ancient Greek: Τρίπολις Trípolis).