Weekend Walk 24 - Alton to Selborne (Hangers Way)
The first stage of the Hangers Way, from Alton in Hampshire, England, south to the village of Selborne, via East Worldham.
What is NATURE WRITING? What does NATURE WRITING mean? NATURE WRITING meaning & explanation
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What is NATURE WRITING? What does NATURE WRITING mean? NATURE WRITING meaning - NATURE WRITING definition - NATURE WRITING explanation.
Source: Wikipedia.org article, adapted under license.
Nature writing is nonfiction or fiction prose or poetry about the natural environment. Nature writing encompasses a wide variety of works, ranging from those that place primary emphasis on natural history facts (such as field guides) to those in which philosophical interpretation predominate. It includes natural history essays, poetry, essays of solitude or escape, as well as travel and adventure writing.
Nature writing often draws heavily on scientific information and facts about the natural world; at the same time, it is frequently written in the first person and incorporates personal observations of and philosophical reflections upon nature.
Modern nature writing traces its roots to the works of natural history that were popular in the second half of the 18th century and throughout the 19th. An important early figures was the parson-naturalist Gilbert White (1720 – 1793), a pioneering English naturalist and ornithologist. He is best known for his Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne (1789).
William Bartram (1739 – 1823) is a significant early American pioneer naturalist who first work was published in 1791.
Gilbert White is regarded by many as England's first ecologist, and one of those who shaped the modern attitude of respect for nature. He said of the earthworm: Earthworms, though in appearance a small and despicable link in the chain of nature, yet, if lost, would make a lamentable chasm. worms seem to be the great promoters of vegetation, which would proceed but lamely without them White and William Markwick collected records of the dates of emergence of more than 400 plant and animal species in Hampshire and Sussex between 1768 and 1793, which was summarised in The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne, as the earliest and latest dates for each event over the 25-year period, are among the earliest examples of modern phenology.
The tradition of clerical naturalists predates White and can be traced back to some monastic writings of the Middle Ages, although some argue that their writings about animals and plants cannot be correctly classified as natural history. Notable early parson-naturalists were William Turner (1508–1568), John Ray (1627–1705), William Derham (1657–1735).
William Bertram, In 1773. embarked upon a four-year journey through eight southern American colonies. Bartram made many drawings and took notes on the native flora and fauna, and the native American Indians. In 1774, he explored the St. Johns River. William Bartram wrote of his experiences exploring the Southeast in his book known today as Bartram's Travels, published in 1791. Ephraim George Squier and Edwin Hamilton Davis, in their book, Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley, name Bartram as the first naturalist who penetrated the dense tropical forests of Florida.
After Gilbert White and William Bertram, other signifiant writers include American ornithologist John James Audubon (1785 – 1851), Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882), Richard Jefferies (1848 – 1887), and Henry David Thoreau (1817 – 1862), who is often considered the father of modern American nature writing, Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803 – 1882) John Burroughs, John Muir, Aldo Leopold, Rachel Carson, M. Krishnan, and Edward Abbey (although he rejected the term for himself).
Another important early work is A History of British Birds by Thomas Bewick, published in two volumes. Volume 1, Land Birds, appeared in 1797. Volume 2, Water Birds, appeared in 1804. The book was effectively the first field guide for non-specialists. Bewick provides an accurate illustration of each species, from life if possible, or from skins. The common and scientific name(s) are listed, citing the naming authorities. The bird is described, with its distribution and behaviour, often with extensive quotations from printed sources or correspondents. Critics note Bewick's skill as a naturalist as well as an engraver.
Jane Austen Writers' Way Trail Launch
The new Writers Way has been launched in Hampshire - a 13-mile trail from Jane Austen's House Museum in Chawton through Alton, Selborne and Four Marks.
Find a route map at hants.gov.uk/writersway
Superheroes Using a Flowchart! | Superdull Episode 12 | #140
Our Superfriends need to make some quick decisions. (Story starts at 10:19) What is the best way to solve a super level problem? How about a deliberate system of questions and answers. Sound boring enough to put you to sleep? It is, but with just enough sexual tension to keep your brain at bay.
SWM_Superdull_300px
Table of Contents
00:00- 02:17 Intro
02:17 Housekeeping/Thank Yous
08:12 SuperDull Intro
10:19 Story Starts
The Links
•Fivel
•Mez calls it a flowchart but it's actually a Decision Tree
•Magic/Novelty Eight Ball
•Fuddy Duddy
•You're The One That I Want
•Links From Steve in Arkansas◦ This one is a bunch of letters on natural history read by a great narrator with a British accent…
◦ Same reader as above but with classic Victorian ghost stories....
A new bedtime story series to help you fall asleep. Superdull is the story of a team of superheroes who are awaiting earth's hour of greatest need.
They wait...
and wait...
and wait...
and wait..
until they are called into action.
This is the tale of their waiting....UNTIL the waiting is interrupted by a strange energy spike.
Be gripped! Be surprised! Be forewarned! Be bored to sleep!
Older episodes can be found here
Sleep With Me is a bedtime story designed to take your mind off of the racing thoughts that keep you awake at night.
As you listen you will find yourself distracted from your worries and drifting off into dreamland..due to the fact the story gets a little bit more boring with each passing minute.
This podcast is a little weird, a bit silly and a tad offensive so beware. It is very similar to ASMR or guided meditation bedtime story that slowly carries you off to slumber.
Sleep With Me is a groundbreaking podcast created to help you fall asleep. So get in bed, press play and drift off into dreamland. If you struggle with insomnia or just getting a good night's rest, you've found the podcast for you.
Subscribe in iTunes
Become a fan on Facebook
On Twitter @dearestscooter
Podcast Art is by Scott
Music by Christopher Postill @ Sounds Like An Earful Podcast A Podcast about collecting stories, tinkering with noises and fumbling with really
Sleep With Me is narrated by Dearest Scooter and written by Drew Ackerman
Ghost Stories of an Antiquary by M.R.James Vol.1| Full Audiobook with subtitles
Montague Rhodes James librivox was a medieval scholar; Provost of King’s College, Cambridge. He wrote many of his ghost stories to be read aloud in the long tradition of spooky Christmas Eve tales. His stories often use rural settings, with a quiet, scholarly protagonist getting caught up in the activities of supernatural forces. The details of horror are almost never explicit, the stories relying on a gentle, bucolic background to emphasise the awfulness of the otherworldly intrusions.
“Ghost Stories of an Antiquary” was written as two collections, presented here as two volumes in a single work. There is a short author’s preface before the first story in each volume. (Summary by Peter Yearsley)
Ghost Stories of an Antiquary
M. R. JAMES
Genre(s): Horror & Supernatural Fiction Audio Book Audiobooks All Rights Reserved. This is a Librivox recording. All Librivox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer visit librivox.org.
The Poetics and Politics of Writing a Nature Calendar
The Street That Wasn't there Audiobook, Read by Peter Yearsley, Clifford D. Simak
Classic Fiction in an unabridged audio format with synchronized text (Read along) and interactive transcript. We invite you to subscribe, comment and share. Don't forget to hit the like button!
What if our world, nay our entire reality, was held together only by the collective consciousness of the billions of people who live in it? In other words, what if it all exists only because we see it and believe in it?
Clifford D. Simak Playlist-»
Total running time:35:42
Read by Peter Yearsley
Audio Recording © courtesy of Librivox
Illustration: © Copyright 2013. PublicAudioLibrary All Rights Reserved.
This video: © Copyright 2013. PublicAudioLibrary. All Rights Reserved.
In The Penal Colony by Franz Kafka, unabridged audiobook, read by Peter Yearsley
Genre(s) General Fiction unabridged audio book.
In the Penal Colony
Franz Kafka (1883 - 1924)
Read by Peter Yearsley
Franz Kafka Playlist -»
In the Penal Colony (In der Strafkolonie) (also translated as In the Penal Settlement) is a short story by Franz Kafka written in German in October 1914, revised in November 1918, and first published in October 1919.
The story is set in an unnamed penal colony. Internal clues and the setting on an island suggest Octave Mirbeau's The Torture Garden as an influence.[ As in some of Kafka's other writings, the narrator in this story seems detached from, or perhaps numbed by, events that one would normally expect to be registered with horror. In the Penal Colony describes the last use of an elaborate torture and execution device that carves the sentence of the condemned prisoner on his skin before letting him die, all in the course of twelve hours. As the plot unfolds, the reader learns more and more about the machine, including its origin and original justification.
Total running time:01:05:04
Audio Recording © courtesy of Librivox
This video: © Copyright 2013. PublicAudioLibrary. All Rights Reserved.
Mental Efficiency - Mental Exercises and Mental Energy by Arnold Bennett, | Audiobook | Full | Text
Mental Efficiency Audiobook, a light hearted yet thought-provoking collection of articles, Bennett offers his thoughts on exercising the mind, organising your life, the advantages (and disadvantages) of marriage and other pocket philosophies.
The book stands the test of time, and much is still relevant and amusing - perhaps even more so, with nearly 100 years of hindsight, than when it was originally written.
Ruth Golding
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Value of biodiversity | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:05:43 1 History of terminology
00:08:01 2 Definitions
00:08:11 2.1 Prior term
00:08:34 2.2 Alternate terms
00:09:52 2.3 Wilcox 1982
00:10:46 2.4 Genetic: Wilcox 1984
00:11:14 2.5 United Nations 1992
00:12:06 2.6 Gaston and Spicer 2004
00:12:23 3 Distribution
00:13:59 3.1 Latitudinal gradients
00:15:54 3.2 Hotspots
00:19:10 4 Evolution
00:19:19 4.1 Chronology
00:22:11 4.2 Diversification
00:26:45 5 Ecosystem services
00:26:55 5.1 The balance of evidence
00:28:45 5.1.1 Services enhanced
00:28:55 5.1.1.1 Provisioning services
00:29:52 5.1.1.2 Regulating services
00:31:45 5.1.2 Services with mixed evidence
00:31:55 5.1.2.1 Provisioning services
00:32:06 5.1.2.2 Regulating services
00:34:09 5.1.3 Services hindered
00:34:18 5.1.3.1 Provisioning services
00:34:36 5.1.3.2 Regulating services
00:35:12 5.1.3.3 Provisioning services
00:35:45 5.1.3.4 Regulating services
00:38:19 5.2 Agriculture
00:43:43 5.3 Human health
00:48:04 5.4 Business and industry
00:48:48 5.5 Leisure, cultural and aesthetic value
00:50:38 5.6 Ecological services
00:53:06 6 Number of species
00:55:32 7 Measuring biodiversity
00:55:43 8 Species loss rates
00:59:41 9 Threats
01:08:25 9.1 Habitat destruction
01:11:17 9.2 Introduced and invasive species
01:16:30 9.2.1 Genetic pollution
01:17:54 9.3 Overexploitation
01:18:50 9.4 Hybridization, genetic pollution/erosion and food security
01:20:38 9.5 Climate change
01:22:43 9.6 Human overpopulation
01:24:36 10 The Holocene extinction
01:25:31 11 Conservation
01:27:04 11.1 Protection and restoration techniques
01:29:07 12 Protected areas
01:29:57 12.1 National parks
01:31:00 12.2 Wildlife sanctuary
01:31:48 12.3 Forest reserves
01:33:03 12.3.1 Steps to conserve the forest cover
01:33:56 12.4 Zoological parks
01:34:40 12.5 Botanical gardens
01:35:25 13 Resource allocation
01:36:18 14 Legal status
01:36:28 14.1 International
01:38:36 14.2 National level laws
01:40:54 15 Analytical limits
01:41:04 15.1 Taxonomic and size relationships
01:42:25 16 Diversity study (botany)
01:43:42 17 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7758850435562323
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richest in the tropics. These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species. Marine biodiversity is usually highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time, but will be likely to slow in the future.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99.9 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. More recently, in May 2016, scientists reported that 1 trillion species are estimated to be on Earth currently with only one-thousandth of one percent described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037 and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon). In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the Last Uni ...
Biological diversity | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:37 1 Etymology
00:06:36 2 Definitions
00:09:11 3 Distribution
00:10:30 3.1 Latitudinal gradients
00:12:03 3.2 Hotspots
00:14:44 4 Evolutionary history
00:17:06 4.1 Evolutionary diversification
00:20:50 5 Ecosystem services
00:21:00 5.1 The balance of evidence
00:22:31 5.1.1 Services enhanced
00:22:39 5.1.1.1 Provisioning services
00:23:27 5.1.1.2 Regulating services
00:25:01 5.1.2 Services with mixed evidence
00:25:10 5.1.2.1 Provisioning services
00:25:20 5.1.2.2 Regulating services
00:27:03 5.1.3 Services hindered
00:27:11 5.1.3.1 Provisioning services
00:27:27 5.1.3.2 Regulating services
00:27:57 5.1.3.3 Provisioning services
00:28:25 5.1.3.4 Regulating services
00:30:32 5.2 Agriculture
00:34:56 5.3 Human health
00:38:30 5.4 Business and industry
00:39:07 5.5 Leisure, cultural and aesthetic value
00:40:38 5.6 Ecological services
00:42:41 6 Number of species
00:44:43 7 Measuring biodiversity
00:44:53 8 Species loss rates
00:48:05 9 Threats
00:49:21 9.1 Habitat destruction
00:51:42 9.2 Introduced and invasive species
00:55:58 9.2.1 Genetic pollution
00:57:07 9.3 Overexploitation
00:57:54 9.4 Hybridization, genetic pollution/erosion and food security
00:59:22 9.5 Climate change
01:01:05 9.6 Human overpopulation
01:02:39 10 The Holocene extinction
01:03:25 11 Conservation
01:04:44 11.1 Protection and restoration techniques
01:06:23 12 Protected areas
01:07:06 12.1 National parks
01:07:58 12.2 Wildlife sanctuary
01:08:38 12.3 Forest reserves
01:09:41 12.3.1 Steps to conserve the forest cover
01:10:25 12.4 Zoological parks
01:11:01 12.5 Botanical gardens
01:11:39 13 Resource allocation
01:12:24 14 Legal status
01:12:33 14.1 International
01:14:20 14.2 National level laws
01:16:12 15 Analytical limits
01:16:22 15.1 Taxonomic and size relationships
01:17:30 16 Diversity study (botany)
01:18:34 17 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.912207563895612
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-E
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Biodiversity generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), biodiversity typically measures variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be greater near the equator, which seems to be the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richest in the tropics. These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species. Marine biodiversity tends to be highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time, but will be likely to slow in the future.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99.9 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. More recently, in May 2016, scientists reported that 1 trillion species are estimated to be on Earth currently with only one-thousandth of one percent described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037 and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon). In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) of all organisms living on Earth.The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years. The ea ...
Biodiversity | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:33 1 Etymology
00:06:32 2 Definitions
00:09:06 3 Distribution
00:10:24 3.1 Latitudinal gradients
00:11:58 3.2 Hotspots
00:14:38 4 Evolutionary history
00:16:58 4.1 Evolutionary diversification
00:20:40 5 Ecosystem services
00:20:50 5.1 The balance of evidence
00:22:21 5.1.1 Services enhanced
00:22:29 5.1.1.1 Provisioning services
00:23:17 5.1.1.2 Regulating services
00:24:50 5.1.2 Services with mixed evidence
00:24:59 5.1.2.1 Provisioning services
00:25:09 5.1.2.2 Regulating services
00:26:51 5.1.3 Services hindered
00:26:59 5.1.3.1 Provisioning services
00:27:15 5.1.3.2 Regulating services
00:27:45 5.1.3.3 Provisioning services
00:28:14 5.1.3.4 Regulating services
00:30:21 5.2 Agriculture
00:34:43 5.3 Human health
00:38:15 5.4 Business and industry
00:38:52 5.5 Leisure, cultural and aesthetic value
00:40:22 5.6 Ecological services
00:42:24 6 Number of species
00:44:24 7 Measuring biodiversity
00:44:34 8 Species loss rates
00:47:44 9 Threats
00:49:00 9.1 Habitat destruction
00:51:21 9.2 Introduced and invasive species
00:55:34 9.2.1 Genetic pollution
00:56:42 9.3 Overexploitation
00:57:29 9.4 Hybridization, genetic pollution/erosion and food security
00:58:57 9.5 Climate change
01:00:38 9.6 Human overpopulation
01:02:11 10 The Holocene extinction
01:02:57 11 Conservation
01:04:15 11.1 Protection and restoration techniques
01:05:54 12 Protected areas
01:06:36 12.1 National parks
01:07:28 12.2 Wildlife sanctuary
01:08:09 12.3 Forest reserves
01:09:11 12.3.1 Steps to conserve the forest cover
01:09:54 12.4 Zoological parks
01:10:31 12.5 Botanical gardens
01:11:09 13 Resource allocation
01:11:53 14 Legal status
01:12:03 14.1 International
01:13:48 14.2 National level laws
01:15:40 15 Analytical limits
01:15:50 15.1 Taxonomic and size relationships
01:16:57 16 Diversity study (botany)
01:18:01 17 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.940971141277865
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Biodiversity generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), biodiversity typically measures variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be greater near the equator, which seems to be the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richest in the tropics. These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species. Marine biodiversity tends to be highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time, but will be likely to slow in the future.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99.9 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. More recently, in May 2016, scientists reported that 1 trillion species are estimated to be on Earth currently with only one-thousandth of one percent described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037 and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon). In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) of all organisms living on Earth.The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years. The ea ...
Biologically diverse | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:05:18 1 History of terminology
00:07:22 2 Definitions
00:07:32 2.1 Prior term
00:07:53 2.2 Alternate terms
00:09:03 2.3 Wilcox 1982
00:09:53 2.4 Genetic: Wilcox 1984
00:10:19 2.5 United Nations 1992
00:11:07 2.6 Gaston and Spicer 2004
00:11:22 3 Distribution
00:12:49 3.1 Latitudinal gradients
00:14:32 3.2 Hotspots
00:17:27 4 Evolution
00:17:36 4.1 Chronology
00:20:10 4.2 Diversification
00:24:15 5 Ecosystem services
00:24:25 5.1 The balance of evidence
00:26:04 5.1.1 Services enhanced
00:26:13 5.1.1.1 Provisioning services
00:27:05 5.1.1.2 Regulating services
00:28:46 5.1.2 Services with mixed evidence
00:28:56 5.1.2.1 Provisioning services
00:29:06 5.1.2.2 Regulating services
00:30:57 5.1.3 Services hindered
00:31:06 5.1.3.1 Provisioning services
00:31:23 5.1.3.2 Regulating services
00:31:55 5.1.3.3 Provisioning services
00:32:26 5.1.3.4 Regulating services
00:34:43 5.2 Agriculture
00:39:32 5.3 Human health
00:43:25 5.4 Business and industry
00:44:05 5.5 Leisure, cultural and aesthetic value
00:45:44 5.6 Ecological services
00:47:58 6 Number of species
00:50:09 7 Measuring biodiversity
00:50:20 8 Species loss rates
00:53:53 9 Threats
01:01:39 9.1 Habitat destruction
01:04:44 9.2 Introduced and invasive species
01:09:25 9.2.1 Genetic pollution
01:10:41 9.3 Overexploitation
01:11:32 9.4 Hybridization, genetic pollution/erosion and food security
01:13:09 9.5 Climate change
01:15:01 9.6 Human overpopulation
01:16:43 10 The Holocene extinction
01:17:34 11 Conservation
01:18:58 11.1 Protection and restoration techniques
01:20:48 12 Protected areas
01:21:34 12.1 National parks
01:22:31 12.2 Wildlife sanctuary
01:23:15 12.3 Forest reserves
01:24:23 12.3.1 Steps to conserve the forest cover
01:25:11 12.4 Zoological parks
01:25:51 12.5 Botanical gardens
01:26:32 13 Resource allocation
01:27:20 14 Legal status
01:27:30 14.1 International
01:29:25 14.2 National level laws
01:31:29 15 Analytical limits
01:31:39 15.1 Taxonomic and size relationships
01:32:53 16 Diversity study (botany)
01:34:02 17 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8670341222666318
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richest in the tropics. These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species. Marine biodiversity is usually highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time, but will be likely to slow in the future.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99.9 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. More recently, in May 2016, scientists reported that 1 trillion species are estimated to be on Earth currently with only one-thousandth of one percent described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037 and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon). In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the Last Univ ...
Biodiverse | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:05:11 1 History of terminology
00:07:17 2 Definitions
00:07:27 2.1 Prior term
00:07:49 2.2 Alternate terms
00:09:02 2.3 Wilcox 1982
00:09:53 2.4 Genetic: Wilcox 1984
00:10:19 2.5 United Nations 1992
00:11:08 2.6 Gaston and Spicer 2004
00:11:23 3 Distribution
00:12:51 3.1 Latitudinal gradients
00:14:37 3.2 Hotspots
00:17:39 4 Evolution
00:17:49 4.1 Chronology
00:20:28 4.2 Diversification
00:24:40 5 Ecosystem services
00:24:50 5.1 The balance of evidence
00:26:34 5.1.1 Services enhanced
00:26:43 5.1.1.1 Provisioning services
00:27:38 5.1.1.2 Regulating services
00:29:24 5.1.2 Services with mixed evidence
00:29:34 5.1.2.1 Provisioning services
00:29:45 5.1.2.2 Regulating services
00:31:41 5.1.3 Services hindered
00:31:50 5.1.3.1 Provisioning services
00:32:08 5.1.3.2 Regulating services
00:32:41 5.1.3.3 Provisioning services
00:33:13 5.1.3.4 Regulating services
00:35:38 5.2 Agriculture
00:40:38 5.3 Human health
00:44:39 5.4 Business and industry
00:45:21 5.5 Leisure, cultural and aesthetic value
00:47:02 5.6 Ecological services
00:49:19 6 Number of species
00:51:34 7 Measuring biodiversity
00:51:45 8 Species loss rates
00:55:22 9 Threats
01:03:40 9.1 Habitat destruction
01:06:19 9.2 Introduced and invasive species
01:11:08 9.2.1 Genetic pollution
01:12:26 9.3 Overexploitation
01:13:17 9.4 Hybridization, genetic pollution/erosion and food security
01:14:57 9.5 Climate change
01:16:51 9.6 Human overpopulation
01:18:35 10 The Holocene extinction
01:19:25 11 Conservation
01:20:53 11.1 Protection and restoration techniques
01:22:45 12 Protected areas
01:23:32 12.1 National parks
01:24:31 12.2 Wildlife sanctuary
01:25:15 12.3 Forest reserves
01:26:25 12.3.1 Steps to conserve the forest cover
01:27:13 12.4 Zoological parks
01:27:53 12.5 Botanical gardens
01:28:35 13 Resource allocation
01:29:25 14 Legal status
01:29:35 14.1 International
01:31:34 14.2 National level laws
01:33:41 15 Analytical limits
01:33:52 15.1 Taxonomic and size relationships
01:35:06 16 Diversity study (botany)
01:36:17 17 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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Speaking Rate: 0.8401299734395855
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richest in the tropics. These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species. Marine biodiversity is usually highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time, but will be likely to slow in the future.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99.9 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. More recently, in May 2016, scientists reported that 1 trillion species are estimated to be on Earth currently with only one-thousandth of one percent described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037 and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon). In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the Last Uni ...
Bio-diversity | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:59 1 History of terminology
00:05:05 2 Definitions
00:05:14 2.1 Prior term
00:05:33 2.2 Alternate terms
00:06:32 2.3 Wilcox 1982
00:07:15 2.4 Genetic: Wilcox 1984
00:07:37 2.5 United Nations 1992
00:08:17 2.6 Gaston and Spicer 2004
00:08:30 3 Distribution
00:09:40 3.1 Latitudinal gradients
00:11:04 3.2 Hotspots
00:13:28 4 Evolution
00:13:37 4.1 Chronology
00:15:42 4.2 Diversification
00:18:59 5 Ecosystem services
00:19:09 5.1 The balance of evidence
00:20:30 5.1.1 Services enhanced
00:20:39 5.1.1.1 Provisioning services
00:21:23 5.1.1.2 Regulating services
00:22:47 5.1.2 Services with mixed evidence
00:22:56 5.1.2.1 Provisioning services
00:23:06 5.1.2.2 Regulating services
00:24:37 5.1.3 Services hindered
00:24:46 5.1.3.1 Provisioning services
00:25:01 5.1.3.2 Regulating services
00:25:28 5.1.3.3 Provisioning services
00:25:54 5.1.3.4 Regulating services
00:27:49 5.2 Agriculture
00:31:45 5.3 Human health
00:34:54 5.4 Business and industry
00:35:28 5.5 Leisure, cultural and aesthetic value
00:36:48 5.6 Ecological services
00:38:39 6 Number of species
00:40:27 7 Measuring biodiversity
00:40:36 8 Species loss rates
00:43:28 9 Threats
00:49:44 9.1 Habitat destruction
00:51:50 9.2 Introduced and invasive species
00:55:36 9.2.1 Genetic pollution
00:56:39 9.3 Overexploitation
00:57:21 9.4 Hybridization, genetic pollution/erosion and food security
00:58:40 9.5 Climate change
01:00:12 9.6 Human overpopulation
01:01:35 10 The Holocene extinction
01:02:17 11 Conservation
01:03:27 11.1 Protection and restoration techniques
01:04:57 12 Protected areas
01:05:35 12.1 National parks
01:06:23 12.2 Wildlife sanctuary
01:07:00 12.3 Forest reserves
01:07:56 12.3.1 Steps to conserve the forest cover
01:08:36 12.4 Zoological parks
01:09:09 12.5 Botanical gardens
01:09:44 13 Resource allocation
01:10:25 14 Legal status
01:10:34 14.1 International
01:12:09 14.2 National level laws
01:13:50 15 Analytical limits
01:14:00 15.1 Taxonomic and size relationships
01:15:01 16 Diversity study (botany)
01:15:59 17 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8962346874051524
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity typically measures variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richest in the tropics. These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species. Marine biodiversity is usually highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time, but will be likely to slow in the future.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99.9 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. More recently, in May 2016, scientists reported that 1 trillion species are estimated to be on Earth currently with only one-thousandth of one percent described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037 and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon). In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the Last Universal ...
Biodiversity threats | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:52 1 Etymology
00:06:59 2 Definitions
00:09:43 3 Distribution
00:11:07 3.1 Latitudinal gradients
00:12:47 3.2 Hotspots
00:15:37 4 Evolutionary history
00:18:07 4.1 Evolutionary diversification
00:22:04 5 Ecosystem services
00:22:14 5.1 The balance of evidence
00:23:51 5.1.1 Services enhanced
00:24:01 5.1.1.1 Provisioning services
00:24:52 5.1.1.2 Regulating services
00:26:31 5.1.2 Services with mixed evidence
00:26:41 5.1.2.1 Provisioning services
00:26:52 5.1.2.2 Regulating services
00:28:40 5.1.3 Services hindered
00:28:49 5.1.3.1 Provisioning services
00:29:07 5.1.3.2 Regulating services
00:29:38 5.1.3.3 Provisioning services
00:30:08 5.1.3.4 Regulating services
00:32:23 5.2 Agriculture
00:37:03 5.3 Human health
00:40:48 5.4 Business and industry
00:41:29 5.5 Leisure, cultural and aesthetic value
00:43:04 5.6 Ecological services
00:45:14 6 Number of species
00:47:20 7 Measuring biodiversity
00:47:31 8 Species loss rates
00:50:53 9 Threats
00:52:12 9.1 Habitat destruction
00:54:43 9.2 Introduced and invasive species
00:59:14 9.2.1 Genetic pollution
01:00:27 9.3 Overexploitation
01:01:16 9.4 Hybridization, genetic pollution/erosion and food security
01:02:50 9.5 Climate change
01:04:38 9.6 Human overpopulation
01:06:16 10 The Holocene extinction
01:07:04 11 Conservation
01:08:26 11.1 Protection and restoration techniques
01:10:13 12 Protected areas
01:10:58 12.1 National parks
01:11:54 12.2 Wildlife sanctuary
01:12:36 12.3 Forest reserves
01:13:42 12.3.1 Steps to conserve the forest cover
01:14:28 12.4 Zoological parks
01:15:06 12.5 Botanical gardens
01:15:47 13 Resource allocation
01:16:34 14 Legal status
01:16:44 14.1 International
01:18:37 14.2 National level laws
01:20:37 15 Analytical limits
01:20:47 15.1 Taxonomic and size relationships
01:21:59 16 Diversity study (botany)
01:23:05 17 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8919814054844248
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Biodiversity generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), biodiversity typically measures variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be greater near the equator, which seems to be the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richest in the tropics. These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species. Marine biodiversity tends to be highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time, but will be likely to slow in the future.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99.9 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. More recently, in May 2016, scientists reported that 1 trillion species are estimated to be on Earth currently with only one-thousandth of one percent described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037 and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon). In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) of all organisms living on Earth.The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years. The e ...
Biodiverse | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:05:37 1 History of terminology
00:07:03 2 Definitions
00:07:13 2.1 Prior term
00:07:36 2.2 Alternate terms
00:08:54 2.3 Wilcox 1982
00:09:55 2.4 Genetic: Wilcox 1984
00:10:23 2.5 United Nations 1992
00:11:14 2.6 Gaston and Spicer 2004
00:11:31 3 Distribution
00:13:07 3.1 Latitudinal gradients
00:15:02 3.2 Hotspots
00:18:22 4 Evolution
00:18:31 4.1 Chronology
00:21:24 4.2 Diversification
00:26:00 5 Ecosystem services
00:26:11 5.1 The balance of evidence
00:28:03 5.1.1 Services enhanced
00:28:13 5.1.1.1 Provisioning services
00:29:11 5.1.1.2 Regulating services
00:31:07 5.1.2 Services with mixed evidence
00:31:17 5.1.2.1 Provisioning services
00:31:28 5.1.2.2 Regulating services
00:33:34 5.1.3 Services hindered
00:33:43 5.1.3.1 Provisioning services
00:34:01 5.1.3.2 Regulating services
00:34:37 5.1.3.3 Provisioning services
00:35:11 5.1.3.4 Regulating services
00:37:50 5.2 Agriculture
00:43:17 5.3 Human health
00:47:43 5.4 Business and industry
00:48:28 5.5 Leisure, cultural and aesthetic value
00:50:19 5.6 Ecological services
00:52:49 6 Number of species
00:55:18 7 Measuring biodiversity
00:55:29 8 Species loss rates
00:59:25 9 Threats
01:00:58 9.1 Habitat destruction
01:03:52 9.2 Introduced and invasive species
01:09:09 9.2.1 Genetic pollution
01:10:33 9.3 Overexploitation
01:11:29 9.4 Hybridization, genetic pollution/erosion and food security
01:13:19 9.5 Climate change
01:15:24 9.6 Human overpopulation
01:17:18 10 The Holocene extinction
01:18:13 11 Conservation
01:19:49 11.1 Protection and restoration techniques
01:21:51 12 Protected areas
01:22:42 12.1 National parks
01:23:45 12.2 Wildlife sanctuary
01:24:34 12.3 Forest reserves
01:25:50 12.3.1 Steps to conserve the forest cover
01:26:42 12.4 Zoological parks
01:27:26 12.5 Botanical gardens
01:28:12 13 Resource allocation
01:29:05 14 Legal status
01:29:15 14.1 International
01:31:25 14.2 National level laws
01:33:44 15 Analytical limits
01:33:55 15.1 Taxonomic and size relationships
01:35:16 16 Diversity study (botany)
01:36:34 17 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7413486485881658
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity typically measures variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richest in the tropics. These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth's surface, and contain about 90 percent of the world's species. Marine biodiversity is usually highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time, but will be likely to slow in the future.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99.9 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. More recently, in May 2016, scientists reported that 1 trillion species are estimated to be on Earth currently with only one-thousandth of one percent described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037 and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon). In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the Last Universal ...