Seeing Panama by Maps
Some basic information on the geography and layout of Panama, its various provinces and comarcas, and a few of its cities. I am using new video editing software as will become obvious! Oh well, as I often say, this is an informal conversation with my YT friends, so no surprise! I will try to do better in future videos,
Isthmus of Panama | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Isthmus of Panama
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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The Isthmus of Panama (Spanish: Istmo de Panamá), also historically known as the Isthmus of Darien (Istmo de Darién), is the narrow strip of land that lies between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean, linking North and South America. It contains the country of Panama and the Panama Canal. Like many isthmuses, it is a location of great strategic value.
The isthmus formed around 2.8 million years ago. This major geological event separated the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and caused the creation of the Gulf Stream. This was first suggested in 1910 by North American paleontologist Henry Fairfield Osborn. He based the proposal on the fossil record of mammals in Central America. This conclusion provided a foundation for Alfred Wegener when he proposed the theory of continental drift in 1912.
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The Panama Canal (Spanish: Canal de Panamل) is an artificial 77 km (48 mi) waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a key conduit for international maritime trade. Canal locks are at each end to lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial lake created to reduce the amount of excavation work required for the canal, 26 m (85 ft) above sea level, and then lower the ships at the other end. The original locks are 34 m (110 ft) wide. A third, wider lane of locks was constructed between September 2007 and May 2016. The expanded canal began commercial operation on June 26, 2016. The new locks allow transit of larger, post-Panamax ships, capable of handling more cargo.
France began work on the canal in 1881, but stopped due to engineering problems and a high worker mortality rate. The United States took over the project in 1904 and opened the canal on August 15, 1914. One of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, the Panama Canal shortcut greatly reduced the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage or Strait of Magellan.
Chagres River
The Chagres River in central Panama, is the largest river in the Panama Canal's watershed. The river is dammed twice, and the resulting reservoirs—Gatun Lake and Lake Alajuela—form an integral part of the canal and its water system. Although the river's natural course runs northwest into the Caribbean Sea, its waters also flow, via the canal's locks, into the Gulf of Panama to the south, entitling the Chagres to the unusual claim of drainage into two oceans.
Portobelo, Colَn
Portobelo is a port city and corregimiento in Portobelo District, Colَn Province, Panama with a population of 4,559 as of 2010. It is the seat of Portobelo District. It was established during the Spanish colonial period. Located on the northern part of the Isthmus of Panama, it has a deep natural harbor and was used as a center for silver exporting before the mid-eighteenth century and destruction in the War of Jenkins' Ear.
It slowly rebuilt and the city's economy revived briefly in the late nineteenth century during construction of the Panama Canal. In 1980 the ruins of the Spanish colonial fortifications, along with nearby Fort San Lorenzo, were designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, named Fortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama: Portobelo-San Lorenzo.
El Valle de Antَn
El Valle de Antَn, generally called El Valle, or Anton's Valley in English, is a town of 7,600 in the Coclé province of Panama.
Santa Catalina, Panama
Santa Catalina is a small beach-side town on the Pacific coast of Veraguas, Panama. Santa Catalina is known for fishing, surfing, snorkeling, and SCUBA diving. Most visitors will exploit its proximity to Coiba National Marine Park.
Santa Catalina has a population of around 300 people and an expat community of about another 50 people. Most of the townspeople speak only Spanish.
Cell reception is excellent with Movil, however Claro and Movistar are sketchy. Internet access is now available in some hotels, but it can be slow. There are no ATMs however credit cards are now accepted in a few places including the grocery store and La BuenaVida. Be sure to pack enough cash.
Boquete,
Boquete is a small town in Panama. It is located in the western-most Province of Chiriquي, about 60 kilometres (37 mi) from the border with Costa Rica, and lies on the Caldera River, in Panama's green mountain highlands. Because of its elevation, some 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) above sea level, its climate is cooler than that of the lowlands. Its scenic location, temperature, and natural environment make it popular with Panamanians and attracts tourists and retirees from all over the world.
Panama City
Panama City is the capital and largest city in the country of Panama. It has an urban population of 880,691 with 3,526,421 in its metropolitan area. The city is located at the Pacific entrance of the Panama Canal, in the province of Panama. The city is the political and administrative center of the country, as well as a hub for banking and commerce.
Panama Canal, Miraflores Locks, Lago Miraflores, Panama, Central America, North America
The Panama Canal is a 48-mile (77.1 km) ship canal in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean (via the Caribbean Sea) to the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a key conduit for international maritime trade. There are locks at each end to lift ships up to Gatun Lake (85 feet (26 m) above sea-level). Gatun Lake was created to reduce the amount of work required for the canal. The current locks are 110 feet (33.5 m) wide. A third, wider lane of locks is being built. France began work on the canal in 1881, but had to stop because of engineering problems and high mortality due to disease. The United States (US) later took over the project and took a decade to complete the canal in 1914, enabling ships to avoid the lengthy Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America (via the Drake Passage) or to navigate the Strait of Magellan. One of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, the Panama Canal shortcut made it possible for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans in half the time previously required. The shorter, faster, safer route to the US West Coast and to nations in and along the Pacific Ocean allowed those places to become more integrated with the world economy. During this time, ownership of the territory that is now the Panama Canal was first Colombian, then French, and then American; the United States completed the construction. The canal was taken over in 1999 by the Panamanian government, as long planned. Annual traffic has risen from about 1,000 ships when the canal opened in 1914, to 14,702 vessels in 2008, the latter measuring a total of 309.6 million Panama Canal/Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS) tons. By 2008, more than 815,000 vessels had passed through the canal, many of them much larger than the original planners could have envisioned; the largest ships that can transit the canal today are called Panamax. The American Society of Civil Engineers has named the Panama Canal one of the seven wonders of the modern world. While, globally, the Atlantic Ocean is east of the isthmus and the Pacific to the west, the general direction of the canal passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific is from northwest to southeast. This is because of a local anomaly in the shape of the isthmus at the point the canal occupies. The Bridge of the Americas (Spanish: Puente de las Américas) at the Pacific side is about a third of a degree east of the Colón end on the Atlantic side. Still, in formal nautical communications, the simplified directions Southbound and Northbound are used. The size of the locks determines the maximum size of a ship that can pass through them. Because of the importance of the canal to international trade, many ships are built to the maximum size allowed. These are known as Panamax vessels. A Panamax cargo ship typically has a DWT of 65,000--80,000 tonnes, but its actual cargo is restricted to about 52,500 tonnes because of the 41.2 feet (12.6 m) draft restrictions within the canal. The longest ship ever to transit the canal was the San Juan Prospector (now Marcona Prospector), an ore-bulk-oil carrier that is 973 ft (296.57 m) long with a beam of 106 ft (32.31 m). Initially the locks at Gatun had been designed to be 28.5 meters (94 ft) wide. In 1908, the United States Navy requested that width be increased to at least 36 meters (118 ft), which would allow the passage of U.S. naval ships. Eventually a compromise was made and the locks were built 33.53 meters (110.0 ft) wide. Each lock is 320 meters (1,050 ft) long, with the walls ranging in thickness from 15 meters (49 ft) at the base to 3 meters (9.8 ft) at the top. The central wall between the parallel locks at Gatun is 18 meters (59 ft) thick and over 24 meters (79 ft) high. The steel lock gates measure an average of 2 meters (6.6 ft) thick, 19.5 meters (64 ft) wide, and 20 meters (66 ft) high. It is the size of the locks, specifically the Pedro Miguel Locks, along with the height of the Bridge of the Americas at Balboa, that determine the Panamax metric and limit the size of ships that may use the canal. The 2006 third set of locks project will create larger locks, allowing bigger ships to transit through deeper and wider channels.
Early Cartography of Panama & Darien
Due to its role as a world's crossroads, the Isthmus of Panama has been one of the most mapped regions in the Americas. Hernan Arauz examines some of Panama's most significant maps and their interpretation and how the feats of the early conquistadors, buccaneers, surveyors and explorers influenced the development of cartography there.
Speaker Biography: Hernan Arauz is a Kislak Fellow at the Library of Congress, where he is studying descriptive and interpretative carto-bibliography of the maps of Panama and Darien from the 16th Century to 1865. In his native Panama, he is well-known as the country's most experienced and respected naturalist guide.
For captions, transcript, and more information visit
Panama Canal, Panama - Transit - Port of Colon HD (2014)
Colón is a sea port on the Caribbean Sea (Atlantic) coast of Panama. The city lies near the Caribbean Sea entrance to the Panama Canal. It is the capital of Panama's Colón Province and has traditionally been known as Panama's second city. Colón was originally located entirely on Manzanillo Island, surrounded by Limon Bay, Manzanillo Bay, and the Folks River. Since the disestablishment of the Canal Zone, the city's limits have been redefined to include the former Canal Zone towns of Cristobal, Rainbow City, Margarita, and Coco Solo, as well as the former U.S. Army base of Fort Gulick.
The Panama Canal (Spanish: Canal de Panamá) is a 77.1-kilometre (48 mi) ship canal in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean (via the Caribbean Sea) to the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a key conduit for international maritime trade. There are locks at each end to lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial lake created to reduce the amount of excavation work required for the canal, 26 metres (85 ft) above sea level. The current locks are 33.5 metres (110 ft) wide. A third, wider lane of locks is currently under construction and is due to open in 2015.
France began work on the canal in 1881, but had to stop because of engineering problems and high mortality due to disease. The United States took over the project in 1904, and took a decade to complete the canal, which was officially opened on August 15, 1914. One of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, the Panama Canal shortcut greatly reduced the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage or Strait of Magellan. The shorter, faster, and safer route to the U.S. West Coast and to nations in and around the Pacific Ocean allowed those places to become more integrated with the world economy. It takes between 20 and 30 hours to traverse the canal.
During construction, ownership of the territory that is now the Panama Canal was first Colombian, then French, and then American. The US continued to control the canal and surrounding Panama Canal Zone until the 1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaties provided for handover to Panama. After a period of joint American–Panamanian control, the canal was taken over by the Panamanian government in 1999, and is now managed and operated by the Panama Canal Authority, a Panamanian government agency.
Annual traffic has risen from about 1,000 ships in 1914, when the canal opened, to 14,702 vessels in 2008, the latter measuring a total of 309.6 million Panama Canal/Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS) tons. By 2008, more than 815,000 vessels had passed through the canal; the largest ships that can transit the canal today are called Panamax. The American Society of Civil Engineers has named the Panama Canal one of the seven wonders of the modern world.
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The Panama Canal (Spanish: Canal de Panamل) is an artificial 77 km (48 mi) waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a key conduit for international maritime trade. Canal locks are at each end to lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial lake created to reduce the amount of excavation work required for the canal, 26 m (85 ft) above sea level, and then lower the ships at the other end. The original locks are 34 m (110 ft) wide. A third, wider lane of locks was constructed between September 2007 and May 2016. The expanded canal began commercial operation on June 26, 2016. The new locks allow transit of larger, post-Panamax ships, capable of handling more cargo.
France began work on the canal in 1881, but stopped due to engineering problems and a high worker mortality rate. The United States took over the project in 1904 and opened the canal on August 15, 1914. One of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, the Panama Canal shortcut greatly reduced the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage or Strait of Magellan.
Chagres River
The Chagres River in central Panama, is the largest river in the Panama Canal's watershed. The river is dammed twice, and the resulting reservoirs—Gatun Lake and Lake Alajuela—form an integral part of the canal and its water system. Although the river's natural course runs northwest into the Caribbean Sea, its waters also flow, via the canal's locks, into the Gulf of Panama to the south, entitling the Chagres to the unusual claim of drainage into two oceans.
Portobelo, Colَn
Portobelo is a port city and corregimiento in Portobelo District, Colَn Province, Panama with a population of 4,559 as of 2010. It is the seat of Portobelo District. It was established during the Spanish colonial period. Located on the northern part of the Isthmus of Panama, it has a deep natural harbor and was used as a center for silver exporting before the mid-eighteenth century and destruction in the War of Jenkins' Ear.
It slowly rebuilt and the city's economy revived briefly in the late nineteenth century during construction of the Panama Canal. In 1980 the ruins of the Spanish colonial fortifications, along with nearby Fort San Lorenzo, were designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, named Fortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama: Portobelo-San Lorenzo.
El Valle de Antَn
El Valle de Antَn, generally called El Valle, or Anton's Valley in English, is a town of 7,600 in the Coclé province of Panama.
Santa Catalina, Panama
Santa Catalina is a small beach-side town on the Pacific coast of Veraguas, Panama. Santa Catalina is known for fishing, surfing, snorkeling, and SCUBA diving. Most visitors will exploit its proximity to Coiba National Marine Park.
Santa Catalina has a population of around 300 people and an expat community of about another 50 people. Most of the townspeople speak only Spanish.
Cell reception is excellent with Movil, however Claro and Movistar are sketchy. Internet access is now available in some hotels, but it can be slow. There are no ATMs however credit cards are now accepted in a few places including the grocery store and La BuenaVida. Be sure to pack enough cash.
Boquete,
Boquete is a small town in Panama. It is located in the western-most Province of Chiriquي, about 60 kilometres (37 mi) from the border with Costa Rica, and lies on the Caldera River, in Panama's green mountain highlands. Because of its elevation, some 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) above sea level, its climate is cooler than that of the lowlands. Its scenic location, temperature, and natural environment make it popular with Panamanians and attracts tourists and retirees from all over the world.
Panama City
Panama City is the capital and largest city in the country of Panama. It has an urban population of 880,691 with 3,526,421 in its metropolitan area. The city is located at the Pacific entrance of the Panama Canal, in the province of Panama. The city is the political and administrative center of the country, as well as a hub for banking and commerce.
National anthem of Panama - Himno nacional de Panamá (ES/EN lyrics)
Himno Istmeño - Hymn of the Isthmus
(Español/English)
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The music was written by Santos Jorge, and the lyrics by Jerónimo de la Ossa. The song is directed to the average, working-class Panamanian with such lyrics as Ahead the shovel and pick; At work without any more dilation.
The usual length of the singing of the anthem is Chorus, Stanza I & II, then the Chorus again.
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En el año de 1889, llega de Peralta, España, Santos Jorge, un músico estudiado. Cuando llegó a Panamá, comenzó como organista de la catedral y maestro de canto de las escuelas públicas y primarias. En 1892 es nombrado director de la banda (militar) del batallón Ecuador, y luego desempeñó ese mismo cargo pero en la recién fundada Banda Republicana.
En 1906, la Asamblea Nacional adopta el himno de acuerdo con la Ley 39 y en forma provisional, ya que se pensaba efectuar un concurso para escoger una nueva composición. El pueblo panameño lo volvió a escoger. Más tarde en la Constitución de 1941, se incluye un artículo que adopta en forma definitiva el llamado Himno Nacional.
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About Panama
Panama is a paradise for those who is planning to retire, to enjoy, or even just to quit the american dream in such a hard life, want to know more about it, visit
14 Facts You didn't know about Central American Nation - Panama
Here are a some facts about the Central American nation (Panama).
& things you didn't know about Panama. some of the best places to visit in panama,
Facts About Panama in 2019
#PANAMA #PANAMANIAN #TRAVEL
Facts About Panama IN 2019
The oldest continually operating railroad in the world is in Panama. The Panama Railroad opened in 1855 and runs alongside the Canal.
There are more than 1000 islands in Panama.
Baseball is the most popular sport in the country.
Panama is the only place in the world where you can see the sun rise on the Pacific and set on the Atlantic because of its angle......
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PANAMA, EXPLORING the FISH MARKET (Mercado De Mariscos) in PANAMA CITY ????????
SUBSCRIBE: - Let's go visit Panama City’s seafood market, the Mercado de Mariscos, which lies at the foot of the historic Casco Viejo district and is, as you would expect, bustling.
It consists of two parts. To the left is the market proper, where we will find (and where one can buy) freshly caught seafood fresh off the fishing boats you see in the bay. This part of the market opens early–around 5am. Fresh fish, lobsters, and shellfish are all laid out on ice or swimming in buckets of water.
But unless you have your own kitchen to cook your own feast, chances are that the other part of the market is more useful to you. That’s where the restaurants are, where the freshly caught seafood is served up for your dining pleasure. The restaurants are subject of a different video, here, we are concentrating only on the fish market.
Panama is a country on the isthmus linking Central and South America. The Panama Canal, a famous feat of human engineering, cuts through its center, linking the Atlantic and Pacific oceans to create an essential shipping route. In the capital, Panama City, modern skyscrapers, casinos and nightclubs contrast with colonial buildings in the Casco Viejo district and the rainforest of Natural Metropolitan Park.
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Volcan Baru, Panama 2018
The Volcán Barú (also Volcán de Chiriquí) is an active stratovolcano and the tallest mountain in Panama, at 3,475 meters (11,401 ft) high. It lies about 35 km off the border of Costa Rica.
Due to its height and the narrowness of the isthmus of Panama, it is possible to see both the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea from Volcán Barú's peak on a clear day like we had.
Panama Ancient cities,people And History geography-kids educational video
world tourism and education is a branch of education theory which relates to the teaching of young children (formally and informally) up until the age of about eight. Infant/toddler education, a subset of early childhood education, denotes the education of children from birth to age two. In recent years, early childhood education has become a prevalent public policy issue, as municipal,
state, and federal lawmakers consider funding for preschool
Top 10 Famous Shipping Canals of the World
10. Welland Canal
The Welland Canal joins two major Canadian river networks – the Ontario River with the Erie River. The necessity of the ship canal is further emphasized by the fact that it allows vessels’ passage through the embankment of the Niagara Falls and completely avoid the Niagara Falls’ route.
Although the construction work began as early as in 1924, over the years several extensions were made to the canal which was finally completed in the year 1932
9. Manchester Ship Canal
The Manchester Ship Canal passes through the Rivers Irwell and Mersey in the province of Liverpool and extends up to Manchester.
In operation since the late 19th century, the shipping canal is one of the most crucial maritime routes in the English internal marine transportation sector..
8. Danube-Black Sea Canal
The Danube-Black Sea conduit is yet another important passage in the western European region. In addition to connecting the Danube River to the Black Sea, this shipping canal also in a way interlinks the Black Sea to the North Sea by way of the Danube-Main-Rhine conduit and provides a maritime passage to Eastern Europe by way of the Volga-Don canal.
The canal is important as it helps vessels to bypass the difficult deltaic region of Danube and thus enable continuity in maritime operations
7. Panama Canal
One of the most crucial maritime gateways in the western region, the Panama Canal provides connectivity between the Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean through the Panama isthmus.
6. Houston Ship Canal
Mainly utilised to provide passage of ships entering the Houston harbour into the Gulf of Mexico, the Houston Ship Canal, is a vital water conduit in the internal United States.
Although occurring naturally, the shipping canal has been broadened in order to ensure its continued viability. The Houston Ship Canal has been in existence and operation since the mid 1830s.
5. Kiel Canal
Connecting the Baltic Sea with the North Sea, the Kiel Canal passes through the German province of Schleswig-Holstein. The constructional aspect of the water route dates back to the 1700s, though the construction of the present-day Kiel water conduit began only during the late 1890s.
4. Volga-Don Canal
The Volga-Don ship canal interlinks the Russian rivers Volga and Don in-turn, providing an important water passage through the Azoff Sea (a bay of the Black Sea) and the Caspian Sea to the major oceanic networks.
3. Suez Canal
The Suez Canal is an extremely crucial and famous shipping canal allowing the passage of vessels between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea.The canal was constructed in the mid-1800s and as has been recognized as a maritime route to be open at all times, to shipping vessels of all countries in order to facilitate continuity in maritime trade operations irrespective of global conflicts.
2. Rhine-Main-Danube Canal
Linking three important rivers in the heart of Western Europe, the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal or the Europa Canal was originally built as early as the 1938s. Over the years there have been several constructional extensions that have been made to the canal, the last one being carried out in the early 1990s
1. The White Sea – Baltic Sea Canal
The White Sea-Baltic Sea Canal is an important waterway that regularizes traffic internally along the Russian waterways starting from the White Sea in the north and extending to the Baltic Sea down south.
Constructed in the year 1933, the shipping canal passes through various smaller water bodies before finally emerging into the Baltic Sea. Although an important navigation conduct, the canal however isn’t suitable for merchant ships vessels with larger dimensions and specifications
Also watch TOp-10 dam in the world
Panama
A collection of Photographs and small video clips, taken in the Republic of Panama.
Coffee from Panama
Coffee from Panama
By BuyOrganicCoffee.org
If you are thinking of healthy organic coffee think of coffee from Panama. Panama is the country on the isthmus that connects Central and South America.
It has two sea coasts, a central mountain chain, and highlands covered with fertile volcanic soil. Coffee from Panama comes from the Chiriquí Highlands.
Extending down from the foot of the extinct 11,000 foot volcano, Volcan Baru, the lands around the villages of Volcan and Boquete are forested, often somewhat cloudy, and rich in nutrients.
Thus much of the organic coffee from Panama is also shade grown and grown under overcast skies much like organic Kona coffee.
Panama is a small country and only coffee from Panama is almost entirely grown in the province of Chiriquí. So, Panama does not rank with its next door neighbor, Colombia, which is the third leading producer in the world, or Mexico (#5), Guatemala (#8), Honduras (#9), or Peru (#10).
However, premium coffee from Panama can sell at auction for a hundred dollars for a one pound bag, attesting to the quality of the product.
Coffee from Panama, like coffee throughout the world, is either Arabica or Robusta. The coffee growers in the highlands around Boquete and Volcan, Panama tend towards sustainable agriculture and much of the coffee is shade grown organic coffee.
Much of this commitment to sustainable growing practices is simple practicality. When a grower plants coffee on slopes of thirty degrees or more he is wise not to remove pre-existing trees and shrubs.
Thus much of the coffee from Panama is naturally grown in a diverse habitat protecting soil, flora, and fauna.
Panama mountain grown organic coffee has been around for about a century.
The Boquete region was virtually uninhabited until Americans crossing Panama on their way to the California gold fields passed through a gap (Boquete in Spanish) in the Cordillera Central.
Around 1900 immigrants moved into the region, many of them coffee growers. The descendants of many of these original families still grow high quality coffee in the region and many have gone the extra step to produce certified organic coffee.
This is a short step for many as they were already practicing sustainable horticulture and only needed an agency like Bio Latina to certify their growing, harvesting, and processing practices.
A substantial number of coffee growers have Bio Latina organic coffee certification.
This agency certifies for the USDA, the Japanese Agricultural Ministry, and for the European Union, among others.
Thus organic coffee from Panama is likely to be certified organic coffee able to bear appropriate labeling in the major coffee markets of the world. Coffee from Panama is not always easy to find in the US, EU, or Japan, however.
Many growers are small and, despite following appropriate growing practices, have not found a ready market outside of the country.
For those who would like a nice cup of organic coffee from Panama a reliable route is to contact Buy Organic Coffee.org for delivery of good organic coffee from Panama directly to your home.
Panama sees surge in migrants crossing perilous Darien Gap
Panama sees surge in migrants crossing perilous Darien Gap PENITAS, Panama – Venise Felizor lay on a mattress in a warehouse-turned-shelter on a hot, sticky afternoon with her 20-month-old son, Wesly, in her arms, the boy coughing and wailing after suffering from diarrhea for days. Originally from Haiti, they recently appeared in this tiny Panamanian village after a six-day hike through the jungle along the Colombian border, where armed robbers stole her husband's backpack containing the $1,000 that he had saved from two years working in Chile. The thieves raped three women in their group. The way was very dangerous, said Felizor, 26. I thought my son was going to be lost. I saw scenes of death. Panamanian authorities are struggling to contend with a spike in the number of migrants passing through what is known as the Darien Gap, a roadless, lawless region of tropical isthmus that is one of the most dangerous stretches for people heading north from South America, usually toward the United States or Canada. It's the biggest migratory crisis Panama has faced since 2015-2016, when about 60,000 people crossed the Darien Gap, an exodus that prompted governments to temporarily close borders in Panama, Costa Rica and Nicaragua. According to the National Border Service of Panama, or Senafront, 7,316 migrants came through the Gap this year as of April 18. Such traffic tends to fall off during the imminent rainy season, but the numbers are still on pace to well exceed the 9,678 who made the passage last year and potentially rival 2015-2016.In interviews, the migrants say they are fleeing poverty, misery, discrimination, political conflicts, war and extremist violence. I think what is happening at the Colombian-Panamanian border is a reflection of what is happening on an international level. ... It is a search for hope, for opportunities, for well-being, for a vital minimum that is not being provided by the state where they come from, said Johanna Fernanda Navas, a researcher on migration and human rights at the Catholic University of Colombia. Most in the surge in Panama are migrants from Haiti or Cuba, with smaller numbers coming from African nations such as Cameroon and Congo, plus the South Asian countries of India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Cubans have for years flown to Ecuador to begin their journey, though recently many have begun to opt for abbreviated routes beginning in Panama or Nicaragua. Haitians came to South America years ago following their country's disastrous 2010 earthquake, more recently deciding to move on when work dried up. African and Asian migrants tend to arrive by boat or air in Brazil, crossing the Amazon to Peru and turning north through Ecuador to Colombia, where they hire smugglers to shepherd them through the Gap. Our jungle is a bad jungle. ... That journey is very dangerous with unscrupulous people, 'coyotes,' who guide them through the jungle and abandon them to fate, said José Samaniego, eastern brigade chief for Senafront in the town of Meteti, one of the last outposts along the Pan-American Highway before it ends on this side of the Darien Gap. The Gap's perils are numerous. Tales are common of robberies and sexual assault by marauding bands of armed Colombians and Panamanians, and encounters with the drug trafficking mules who walk the same paths as the migrants. The jungle aspect of it was so terrible because it was the survival of the fittest, you understand? said Afolabi Ojo, who fled his home in northern Nigeria after the extremist group Boko Haram killed his entire family. The environment was so deadly. You can imagine somebody coming from the bush, from the forest. Darien's rivers can rise suddenly and furiously, and in recent weeks at least 10 migrants were reportedly swept to their deaths. Samaniego said the toll could be higher, but there is no way of knowing given the remote and unforgiving nature of the area.A Congolese man who gave his name as just Kerlo said a person traveling in his small party drowned. We could not even bury him because the current took him away, the man said through tears, pointing at the river. The International Organization for Migration's Panama branch says migrants who traverse the Darien jungle often arrive in very bad shape. Senafront says the most common maladies are diarrhea, vomiting, skin inflammation, foot mold and dehydration. Emerging from the Gap, most migrants pass through the hamlets of Bajo Chiquito or Canaan Membrillo before making their way by foot or by boat along the Chucunaque River to Penitas. In normal times, Penitas is an indigenous village with fewer than 200 inhabitants who ply the river in narrow wooden skiffs. They have no running water, cellphone coverage, medical clinic or regular transportation. These days Penitas is overwhelmed by migrants, who sleep on bunk beds and floor mats in the warehouse or outside in tents. They wash clothes in the muddy waters of the Chucunaque, hang things to dry on
Panama Day 2: Background of Panama
Our Panamanian tour guide gives us a bit of background about the origins and geography of Panama on the second day of our vacation. This video was recorded on June 23, 2013 with a Canon PowerShot SX50 HS.
Unfortunately, the sound becomes a bit distorted near the end, but it mostly clears up before the clip finishes.
Descubrí el puerto donde desembarco el Pirata Morgan - Panamá
Si lo que estas buscando es revivir las historias de los piratas y corsarios mas famosos del Caribe, el lugar indicado está en Portobelo, a unos 125 kilómetros de la Ciudad de Panamá en la provincia de Colón.
Las fortificaciones que rodean la bahía, entre ellas la Batería Santiago que puede recorrerse en su totalidad, son la prueba viviente de un pasado cargado de historias, desde los galeones repletos de oro, plata y piedras preciosas que arribaban a sus costas procedentes de lo que fuera el imperio incaico, hasta los saqueos perpetrados por los mas famosos piratas como Henry John Morgan, William Parker o Francis Drake del que se dice esta enterrado allí. Pero posiblemente el más salvaje de los piratas que arribo a esta bahia fue Francois Nau, conocido como “El Olonés” un verdadero carnicero.
Sin dudas Portobelo es un destino que todo viajero que se considere aventurero no debe dejar de realizar!
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