Fishing Overpopulated Striper Waters at Lake Mead, Nevada Using Live Shad
The Striped Bass population at Lake Mead is out of control. You can keep 20 fish over 20 inches and its unlimited for fish under 20 inches.
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Disney World Area Gift Shops - World's Largest Orange Gift Shop Hwy 192 Kissimmee FL
The World's largest orange is located on the fun-filled Disney World tourist corridor near the Disney Parks. US Highway 192 in Kissimmee Florida is loaded with Tourist Traps pretty much from one end to another extending over 16 miles. The World's Largest Orange does have real oranges for purchase as you would expect but think of it more as a large gift and souvenir shop with an orange roof.
Living in the Orlando Area its fun to stop in to all the peculure and flashy gift shops along International Drive and Hwy 192. Their variety of Florida themed merchandise is amazing but most of it is made in China.
This video is an original work created from my own videos I took while touring Orlando Tourist Traps. All Rights Reserved.
Music courtesy of the YouTube audio library Bongo_Madness.Mp3 Jupiters_Smile.mp3
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MUDBUGGIN, Trapping Crayfish, Crawfish, Mudbugs, Crawdads
Catching Crayfish in our homemade traps, we made 3 more and it started slow but you learn as you go and now as you will see we are doing GREAT.
More catch updates to come. Its all about the bait and how long it stays in the trap.I want to thank those of you that gave tips on bait in the make your own Crayfish traps video.
Places You Wouldn't Want to Live in the U.S.
Are you thinking of relocating somewhere in the States? Make sure you take a look at the 12 worst places to live in the U.S. before you make any decisions about your next home base.
12. St. Louis, Missouri
Over 14% of St. Louis’ population is living below the poverty line. Out of 100,000 residents, every year 35.3 are murdered, which ranks it as one of America’s most dangerous cities too.
11. Reno, Nevada
Reno was the gambling capital of the US until Las Vegas was developed and “The Biggest Little City in the World” has been in economic decline ever since. Reno experiences nearly 39 annual crimes per 1,000 residents.
10. Modesto, California
Despite being home to the largest winery in the world, the unemployment rate was nearly 13% in 2014. Modesto ranks number one in the country for car theft and out of 200,000 residents, up to 10,000 are reported to be gang members.
9. Oakland, California
The economy in Oakland is strong with a good median household income. ($51,683.) However, home to around 50 gangs and a high violent crime rate, Oakland also suffers from high traffic congestion and poor air quality. 190% worse than the national average.
8. New Orleans, Louisiana
The “murder capital of the country, also has one of the worst toxic-substance records. New Orleans has still not recovered from Hurricane Katrina, and was ranked number two in “America’s Dirtiest Cities.”
7. Birmingham, Alabama
27.3% of residents live below the poverty line. Out of every 100,000 residents, 1400 are victims of violent crimes due to the prominent drug trade and high poverty rate.
6. Stockton, California
In 2012, the city filed for bankruptcy. Forbes voted Stockton as one of the most dangerous cities in America due to its high crime rates with over 20,000 violent and property crimes committed last year.
5. Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis is the largest city on the Mississippi River with over 20% of its inhabitants living below the poverty line. In Memphis you stand a 1 in 12 chance of being a victim of crime.
4. New Haven, Connecticut
Home of Yale University, the surrounding areas of New Haven are impoverished and crime ridden. Nearly 68 crimes occur annually for every 1,000 residents.
3. Cleveland, Ohio
Aside from being one of the most corrupt cities in the country, Cleveland also has harsh weather conditions, with an average of 60 inches of snowfall each year.
2. Detroit, Michigan
The city is suffering from urban decay with over 32% of residents living below the national poverty line. According to FBI Reports, Detroit has the highest rate of violent crime of any city over 200,000.
1. Camden, New Jersey
Camden has been on Forbes’ list of “America’s Most Miserable Cities” for years. Riddled with urban decay and political corruption, over 42% of its residents live below the poverty line. It also has 560% more crime than the national average.
Where do you think the Worst Place to Live in the U.S. is?
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Cold in Florida results in iguanas freezing in trees
The temperature is so cold in Florida that iguanas are falling from their perches in suburban trees.
With the weather dipping below 40 degrees Fahrenheit early Thursday in parts of Southern Florida, it's been cold enough to immobilize green iguanas common in Miami's suburbs.
'Don't assume that they're dead,' Kristen Sommers, who oversees the nonnative fish and wildlife program for the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission said.
'They'll fall out of trees. They'll end up in areas where your cars are, parking lots, areas where they're cold stunned,' said Emily Maple, the reptile keeper at the Palm Beach County Zoo, CBS12 reported.
'If it's just for a day or two they'll just get to where they're completely frozen in time. They're still able to breathe. They're still able to do bodily functions just very slow,' said Maple.
Palm Beach Post columnist Frank Cerabino tweeted a photograph of an iguana lying belly-up next to his swimming pool.
The cold-blooded creatures native to Central and South America start to get sluggish when temperatures fall below 50 degrees Fahrenheit, said Sommers.
If temperatures drop below that, iguanas freeze up. 'It's too cold for them to move,' Sommers said.
They're not the only reptiles stunned by this week's cold snap. Apparently sea turtles also stiffen up when temperatures fall.
The wildlife commission's biologists have been rescuing cold-stunned sea turtles found floating listlessly on the water or near shore, but no such rescue is planned for iguanas.
Well-meaning residents finding stiffened iguanas are advised to leave them alone, as they may feel threatened and bite once they warm up.
Green iguanas are an invasive species in Florida known for eating through landscaping and digging burrows that undermine infrastructure.
They can grow over 5 feet long, and their droppings can be a potential source of salmonella bacteria, which causes food poisoning.
The wildlife commission has begun holding workshops to train homeowners and property managers to trap or manage iguanas. The reptiles may be easier to catch this week, Sommers said.
'This provides an opportunity to capture some, but I'm not sure it's going to be cold enough for long enough to make enough of a difference,' she said. 'In most cases, they're going to warm back up and move around again, unless they're euthanized.'
A two-week-long cold snap with temperatures below 40 degrees Fahrenheit (5 degrees Celsius) in 2010 killed off many iguanas, along with Burmese pythons and other invasive pests that thrive in South Florida's subtropical climate. Those populations have since rebounded.
Elsewhere in Florida, the effects of a brutal winter storm rolling up the East Coast were less exotic. It snowed briefly Wednesday in the state's capital, Tallahassee, for the first time in 28 years.
Sticky Band Trap Installation for Fall Cankerworm - City of Toronto
This video is intended as a how-to instructional video to set up sticky banding traps to catch Fall Cankerworm. Tools and techniques for proper installation are discussed. Sticky resins referenced in the video are non-toxic and can be removed from skin or other surfaces with mineral or baby oils and then washed with soap. A thin application of the sticky substance should not harm animals but other, non-target insects may get caught.
Trap installation should be done by mid to late October and should be removed by mid-December or when the trap is covered with insects. Quilt batting can be re-used but cellophane, tape and insect barrier should be disposed of in the garbage.
George Genereux Urban Regional Park
History of “George Genereux” Urban Regional Park – 133 Range Road 3063, Saskatoon, SK ( NE 21-36-6 W3)
Greenbelts were the brainchild of Ebenezer Howard, Rexford Tugwell and Benton McKaye. These greenbelts were pioneered to control urban growth. Saskatoon had its own green belt envisioned by Bert Wellman, Saskatoon Planning Department, who walked around Saskatoon’s perimeter in 1960 choosing high spots of land for scenic beauty according to Bill Delainey. Together with City Planner, Bill Graham, Wellman worked on parkways and planted trees for the Circle Drive Parkway at these sites purchased in 1960. These Green spaces are evident around Gordie Howe Bridge completing the southern portion of Circle Drive in Saskatoon.
Green Survival: War Against Ecology Abuse is what Kathy Cronkite, Staff Reporter for the Saskatoon Star Phoenix called it on May 10, 1972.
The City of Saskatoon Parks and Recreation Board planted 200,000 trees on 600 acres of land as a tree nursery program in 1972 as part of the Green Survival Program. In total 355 acres of afforestation areas were planted that year. In 1973, 355 additional acres are planted. Originally 2,300 acres were envisioned.
Future residential areas were examined, and the areas for public reserve allocated. The intent was to plant these future areas of open space so that when the subdivision was developed, (ie. the
Blairmore Suburban Development Area ), there would be mature trees already established. The urban population of Saskatoon is 278,500 (July 1, 2018) and is welcoming 250,000 new residents, according to the City of Saskatoon Blairmore Sector Plan, The Blairmore Suburban Development Area (SDA) currently has land sufficient for eight future neighbourhoods and approximately 50,000 to 70,000 people within its boundaries.
In 1972, A. L. Ligtemoet, Assistant Parks Superintendent sets before council that these afforestation areas be kept in perpetuity ~ this is approved by city council.
George Genereux Urban Regional Park, Richard St. Barbe Baker Afforestation Area, and the third afforestation area south of Diefenbaker Park received plantings of drought resistant trees which are now joined by native trees especially bountiful in the George Genereux Urban Regional Park.
The rows were planted by weaving in and out, deviating from the centre line by as much as forty feet, producing a natural forest effect. “We’re stabilizing the sand with a series of spiral
shelters – rows of trees planted in semicircles to catch the winds and create vortices of air,” explains Baker. “The same thing would be valuable on the Canadian prairies where straight shelter belts cause snow to accumulate.” Star Weekly Toronto,January 15 1972
In 1979, the parcel of land at NE 21-36-6 was named “George Genereux” Urban Regional Park – 133 Range Road 3063 and is now part of the Blairmore Suburban Development Area
George Genereux (March 1 1935- April 10, 1989) was a seventeen year old high school student in 1952 when he won the Olympic Games Gold Medal for trap-shooting at the Summer Olympc Games held in Helsinki, Finland with 192 out of 200. This was Canada’s first gold medal at the olympics since 1932. Further to this honour, Genereux was bestowed the Lou Marsh Trophy for being Canada’s outstanding amateur athlete of the year, making him the youngest person in history to receive this honour. The City of Saskatoon declared Genereux “Citizen of the Year” in 1952. Canada honoured him as male athlete of 1952. Genereux was installed in the Canada Sports Hall of Fame (1955), Saskatchewan Sports Hall of Fame on October 31 of 1966, inducted into the Saskatoon Sports Hall of Fame 1986 and the Trapshooting Hall of Fame (1986). Genereux went on to trap shooting events across Canada and the United States.
Genereux, attended the University of Saskatchewan to earn his Arts and Sciences degree, then he went on the McGill University to study Medicine graduated 1960. Dr. George Genereux was for years a Professor of Radiology at the Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon.
The biography submited to City Council stated in regards to the afforestation area, “It is considered appropriate to select in his honour this particular tract of semi-wilderness with its favorable habitat for wildlife of many kinds.”
If you can’t help yourself, you should use your God-given talents to help others,’ spoke George Genereux
Blairmore Sector Planning
P4G Saskatoon North Partnership for Growth
How to Catch A Queen Ant
Ant keepers are queen ant hunting now due to nuptial flight season in North America and Europe. In this video I seek out the ever popular and easy-to-care-for species, Tetramorium sp E a.k.a. pavement ants. Photos and thumbnail of this video are courtesy of Alex Wild Photography Visit us at
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Town in Lincoln Boothbay Harbor Park Destination & Attractions | Visit Boothbay Harbor Park
Town in Lincoln Boothbay Harbor Park Destination & Attractions | Visit Boothbay Harbor Park
Boothbay Harbor is a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,165 at the 2010 census. During summer months, the entire Boothbay Harbor region is a popular yachting and tourist destination.
The area was part of Cape Newagen, where the English established an early seasonal fishing camp. In 1666, Henry Curtis purchased the land from the sachem Mowhotiwormet, commonly known as Chief Robinhood, who lived at what is today Woolwich. But the settlement was attacked and burned during King Philip's War, resettled shortly afterwards, then destroyed again in 1689 during King William's War. It was abandoned for 40 years.[4]
In 1730, Colonel David Dunbar, the superintendent and governor of the Territory of Sagadahock, laid out a new town, named Townsend after Viscount Townshend. Despite predations during the French and Indian Wars, and robberies during the Revolutionary War by marauding British sailors, the settlement was successful, not least because of its large, deep and protected harbor. During the Penobscot Expedition, in 1779 Townsend became a rendezvous point for the American naval fleet prior to its disastrous encounter with the British at Castine.[5],More Info
CHNEP Conservation Lands: Ecological and economical damage of feral swine in Florida
Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program (CHNEP) is a partnership working to protect the natural environment in Florida from Venice to Bonita Springs to Winter Haven. Since 2012, the CHNEP has held an annual Conservation Lands Workshop to help its partners in their efforts to fulfill a plan to protect the environment. This video is one of the presentations given during the September 10, 2015 workshop.
Ecological and economical damage of feral swine in Florida, what we need to know to make a difference
Raoul Boughton, Range Cattle Research and Education Center, UF|IFAS
Feral swine are an invasive species to Florida and have been here for many generations. There populations cause extensive damage to many ecosystems and agriculture practices. It is surprising how little we know about their biology, demography and behavior. In this talk I will explain several aspects of feral swine demographics we need to understand so as to implement effective management actions.
Visit CHNEP.org/ConservationLands.html to learn more about these workshops and see presentations not posted on YouTube because of audio problems. Register for future workshops by visiting EventBrite.com, search for CHNEP but change the location to Florida.
The CHNEP thanks the speakers who are donating their time and expertise and our sponsors, including Mosaic, Charlotte County, Charlotte Harbor Event & Conference Center, Janet and Bruce Bunch, GE Foundation, Jelks Family Foundation and the Friends of Charlotte Harbor Estuary, Inc.
Conservation lands increase the quality of life and enhance the tax base of the adjacent private lands. They provide essential habitat for native species, allow water to flow naturally on the surface and to aquifers — cleansing and storing water as it moves — and they protect human development as the mangroves did during Hurricane Charley. Land can be conserved through purchase and by conservation easements by citizens, jurisdictions, agencies, land trusts and others.
Out cold: iguanas fall from trees as temperatures drop in Florida
Unusually cold weather has sent the green lizards tumbling from their perches on trees – a result of their cold-blooded bodies basically shutting down when it gets too chilly.
The iguanas are unlikely to be dead, experts say, but merely stunned and will reanimate when they warm up.
Lizard blizzard: iguanas rain from trees as animals struggle with US cold snap
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The Loneliest Road in America: U.S. Route 50 in Nevada
U.S. Route 50 stretches over 3,000 miles from Ocean City, Maryland in the east to Sacramento, California in the West. Originally part of the U.S. Highway system created in 1926, it was a major transportation route until the creation of the Interstate Highway system in 1956. In 1986, Life Magazine nicknamed the Nevada portion of Route 50 “The Loneliest Road in America,” noting that it is “America minus tourist traps” with only three small towns in 400 miles of empty desert.
I wanted to experience “The Loneliest Road in America” for myself, so I drove west to east from Carson City to the small town of Baker near the Nevada-Utah border. While it is true that the route is pretty desolate, its winding mountain passes and long, open stretches of desert valleys tell the story of a time in American history dominated by Manifest Destiny, Westward Expansion and a Gold Rush. U.S. Route 50 parallels the iconic Pony Express route and you can visit the remains of a few outpost stations to this day. Just off Route 50 in the east, in between the cities of Ely and Baker, lies the beautiful Great Basin National Park – home to the mesmerizing Lehman Caves.
Explore Always is produced by Kyle Frager.
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Clearwater Marine Aquarium, Clearwater Tampa
he Clearwater Marine Aquarium is a non-profit organization in Clearwater, Florida, United States. It is dedicated to the rescue, rehabilitation and release of injured marine animals, public education, and animal-assisted therapy and research.
Clearwater Marine Aquarium opened in 1972 at its current location on Clearwater Beach, a former water treatment plant (the large tanks being well-suited for rehabilitation operations).
Numerous forms of marine life reside at the aquarium, some temporarily until they can be released, while others have serious injuries which do not permit their return to the wild, and thus become permanent residents.
The aquarium's best-known permanent resident, and the focus of its marketing campaigns, is Winter, a bottlenose dolphin who was rescued in December 2005 after having her tail caught in a crab trap. Her injuries caused the loss of her tail, and the aquarium fitted her with a prosthetic tail which brought worldwide attention to the facility. Winter later starred in the 2011 Dolphin Tale, shot partially on location at the aquarium
10 Things That Will SHOCK You About Visiting New York City !
Are you traveling to New York City for the first time? This list of 10 Things may shock you and prepare you better for that trip. Be sure to check out my channel for multiple episodes + guides to NYC and beyond . Subscribe below and turn on notifications so you never miss an episode.
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I'm Jon Barr, an ex-sportscaster turned travel vlogger. If you're looking for waste no-time ,incredibly informative videos loaded with useful travel tips, you've come to the right place! My vlogs are made for the savvy traveler. Subscribe to learn all of my travel tips, tricks, and secrets that have helped me visit 33 countries. Based out of NYC but always on the go. Don't be shy to reach out via Social Media or Private Message. If you're still curious about my background, this video will help:
MUSIC: Epidemic Sound- Purple Clouds- Sarah The Illstrumentalist
Clearwater Marine Aquarium, Clearwater Tampa
he Clearwater Marine Aquarium is a non-profit organization in Clearwater, Florida, United States. It is dedicated to the rescue, rehabilitation and release of injured marine animals, public education, and animal-assisted therapy and research.
Clearwater Marine Aquarium opened in 1972 at its current location on Clearwater Beach, a former water treatment plant (the large tanks being well-suited for rehabilitation operations).
Numerous forms of marine life reside at the aquarium, some temporarily until they can be released, while others have serious injuries which do not permit their return to the wild, and thus become permanent residents.
The aquarium's best-known permanent resident, and the focus of its marketing campaigns, is Winter, a bottlenose dolphin who was rescued in December 2005 after having her tail caught in a crab trap. Her injuries caused the loss of her tail, and the aquarium fitted her with a prosthetic tail which brought worldwide attention to the facility. Winter later starred in the 2011 Dolphin Tale, shot partially on location at the aquarium
Clearwater Marine Aquarium, Clearwater Tampa
Clearwater Marine Aquarium is a non-profit organization in Clearwater, Florida, United States. It is dedicated to the rescue, rehabilitation and release of injured marine animals, public education, and animal-assisted therapy and research.
Clearwater Marine Aquarium opened in 1972 at its current location on Clearwater Beach, a former water treatment plant (the large tanks being well-suited for rehabilitation operations).
Numerous forms of marine life reside at the aquarium, some temporarily until they can be released, while others have serious injuries which do not permit their return to the wild, and thus become permanent residents.
The aquarium's best-known permanent resident, and the focus of its marketing campaigns, is Winter, a bottlenose dolphin who was rescued in December 2005 after having her tail caught in a crab trap. Her injuries caused the loss of her tail, and the aquarium fitted her with a prosthetic tail which brought worldwide attention to the facility. Winter later starred in the 2011 Dolphin Tale, shot partially on location at the aquarium
Snowbird Fest 2019: Live Music, Business Expo & Snowbird Vacation Rentals Showcase
Snowbird Fest 2019 was a smashing success, on the Gulf Coast!!! Currently accepting Sponsors and Exhibitors for 2020 Snowbird Fest event - this event does fill, so reserve now! Contact The Snowbird Company at 1.800.270.2457
This year featuring BRAND-NEW TRIBUTES TO NEIL DIAMOND, and also, Elvis and Frank Sinatra. 2019 Snowbird Fest was held at the Orange Beach Event Center, Jan.25, and featured a tremendous business expo of over FIFTY LOCAL BUSINESS EXHIBITORS (showcasing free samples of their products and services), food and drink from such great local establishments as The Flora Bama, the Original Oyster House, Crab Trap, Cobalt, Live Bait, Tacky Jacks, Big Beach Brewery, and Free Health Screenings from South Baldwin Medical Center.
There were Games and Give-Aways from Wind Creek Casino, and The Snowbird Company, as well as a FREE Bus Ride to Casinos by Good Time Tours.
Also, Rental Managers, such as Brett Robinson, and Southern Vacation Rentals were on hand to Snowbirds find the perfect Beachfront rental for next Winter!
The Snowbird Company was showcasing winter rentals from across the United States. Snowbirds in attendance were able to learn about the many many vacation rentals available for monthly vacation stays, that are posted to websites like AmericanSnowbird.com, FloridaSnowbird.com, AlabamaSnowbird.com, and other websites of The American Snowbird Network.
Also, other local area businesses such as chiropractors, dentists, Realtors, and other local businesses offering free samples of their products and services. And there is a car show, the British Car Club brought their finest rides shined-up and on display.
Snowbird Fest is a true festival event, trade show, expo, sometimes even a car show all packed into one!
Wolves chasing an Iberian wild goat
--- English --- Spain is one of the last remaining refuges of the European wolf . The Iberian wolf population is slowly recovering from its 1970 low of 400-500 odd individuals with current (2003) figures estimated at as many as 2,000-2,500, almost 30% of European wolf numbers outside the ex-USSR. Until the early 1970s the wolf was officially' considered as a pest in Spain, and the government paid out bounties for dead wolves and distributed strychnine to landowners and peasants. The lobero or wolf-hunter was a respected county figure until relatively recently, and a whole range of ingenious traps have been devised over the centuries to catch wolves. All are now illegal. It is however still legal to hunt wolves in most of Spain. In most of its range, the Law s states that the species must be respected as long as it does not come into conflict with human interests. Fortunately people's attitudes have changed. While there is still much suspicion, when not outright hate, among some rural populations, many in Spain now see the wolf as an animal worthy of protection. Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, played no small part in this conversion. Millions of homes in Spain in the nineteen-seventies were captivated by his television series, El Hombre y la Tierra ( RTVE.) of which the wolf was the star of the show.
--- Català --- Espanya és un dels últims refugis restants del llop europeu . La població de llops Ibèrics s'està recuperant lentament del seu baix número d individus, 400-500 exemplars al 1970. amb xifres actuals aproximades (2003) niant tants com 2,000-2,500, gairebé el 30% de nombres de llops europeus a fora de la ex URSS. Fins als principis dels anys 1970 el llop es considerava 'oficialment' com a plaga a Espanya, i el govern pagava generosament per llops morts i en distribuïa estricnina per a terratinents i camperols. El lobero o caçador de llops era una figura respectada fins fa relativament poc temps, i una gamma sencera de enginyoses trampes han estat ideades durant segles per agafar llops. Totes son ara il•legals. És tanmateix encara legal caçar llops en la major part d'Espanya. En la majoria de la seva zona de distribució, la Llei manifesta que les espècies s'han de respectar mentre no sarribi al conflicte amb interessos humans. Per sort les actituds de la gent han canviat. Mentre que hi ha encara molta sospita, quan no complet odi, entre algunes poblacions rurals, molts a Espanya ara veuen el llop com a animal digne de protecció. Fèlix Rodríguez de la Fuente, a jugat gran part en aquesta conversió. Els milions de llars a Espanya en la dècada dels anys seixanta eren captivats per la seva sèrie de televisió, El Hombre y la Tierra ( RTVE.) de la qual el llop era l'estrella de lespectacle.
--- Spanish --- España es uno de los últimos refugios del lobo en Europa. La población de lobo ibérico se está recuperando lentamente de su bajo número de individuos, 400-500 ejemplares en 1970. Las cifras actuales estimadas (2003) son de unos 2000-2500, casi el 30% del número de lobos fuera de la ex-URSS. Hasta principios del decenio de 1970 era el lobo oficialmente considerarse como una plaga en España, y el gobierno pagaba por los lobos muertos y distribuía estricnina entre los terratenientes y campesinos. El lobero o lobo-cazador era una figura respetada hasta hace relativamente poco tiempo, y toda una serie de ingeniosas trampas se han elaborado a través de los siglos para la captura de lobos. Todas son ahora ilegales. Sin embargo, es todavía legal cazar lobos en la mayor parte de España. En la mayoría de su área de distribución, la Ley afirma que la especie debe ser respetada siempre y cuando no entre en conflicto con los intereses humanos. Afortunadamente las actitudes de la gente han cambiado. Si bien todavía hay mucho recelo, cuando no puro y simple odio, entre algunas de las poblaciones rurales, muchos en España ahora ven al lobo como a un animal digno de protección. Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, ha desempeñado gran parte de esta conversión. Millones de hogares en España en la década de los años setenta fueron cautivados por su serie de televisión, El Hombre y la Tierra ( RTVE.) de los que el lobo fue la estrella del espectáculo.
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Temperature Inversions Trap Air Pollution 1966 US Senate Committee on Public Works Film Report No. 2
Surface temperature inversions play a major role in air quality, especially during the winter when these inversions are the strongest. The warm air above cooler air acts like a lid, suppressing vertical mixing and trapping the cooler air at the surface. As pollutants from vehicles, industry and other sources are emitted into the air, the inversion traps these pollutants near the ground, leading to poor air quality. On most days, the temperature of air in the atmosphere is cooler the higher up in altitude you go. This is because most of the suns energy is converted to sensible heat at the ground, which in turn warms the air at the surface. The warm air rises in the atmosphere, where it expands and cools. Sometimes, however, the temperature of air actually increases with height. The situation of having warm air on top of cooler air is referred to as a temperature inversion, because the temperature profile of the atmosphere is inverted from its usual state. There are two types of temperature inversions: surface inversions that occur near the Earth's surface, and aloft inversions that occur above the ground. Surface inversions are the most important in the study of air quality. One of the first documented air pollution episodes in modern times which aroused worldwide interest occurred in the Meuse Valley of Belgium in December, 1930. Trapped by an inversion, pollutants accumulated in this steep-sided valley of 15 miles length. Coke ovens, steel mills, blast furnaces, zinc smelters, glass factories and sulfuric acid plants produced an estimated SO2 concentration of 8 ppm. Within a few days more than 600 people fell ill, and 63 people died from the polluted air. In October 1948 the United States experienced its first major pollution tragedy in the small town of Donora in the Monongahela River Valley, 20 miles southeast of Pittsburgh. Effluents from a number of industries such as a sulfuric acid plant, a steel mill, and a zinc production plant became trapped in a shallow valley inversion to produce an unbreathable mixture of fog and pollution. About 6,000 people or 43 percent of the population suffered various degrees of illnesses. There were 20 deaths in three days. From December 5 to 8, 1952, London experienced the worst air pollution disaster ever reported. Aair masses trapped under subsidence inversions produced a shallow mixing layer with an almost complete absence of vertical and horizontal air motion. Fireplaces and industries supplied the hygroscopic condensation nuclei into the air to form dense fog. The daily temperatures were below the average. With such adverse conditions the concentrations of pollutants reached high values. With these adverse conditions, elderly people were particularly effected. Deaths from bronchitis increased by a factor of 10, influenza by 7, pneumonia by 5, tuberculosis by 4.5, other respiratory diseases by 6, heart diseases by 3 and lung cancer by 2. When a change in weather finally cleared the fog, 4,000 Londoners had perished in their pea soup. Pollution disasters with similarly high concentrations occurred in 1957-1958 and again 1962-1963. New York City also experienced air pollution disasters. in 1953, 1962-1963 and 1966 causing excess deaths. New York with the nation's highest SO2 concentrations often avoid air pollution disasters because of its excellent ventilation. In December 1962, adverse weather conditions such as low wind speeds and occurrence of shallow inversions, then the SO2 and smoke concentrations which reached peak values were the major reasons. Total deaths increased to 269, which was in excess of even three standard deviations above the expected mortality for that week. For more on inversions and air pollution, go to the US EPA website . This clip is from the 1966 film, Ill Winds on a Sunny Day, one of two unique films prepared as reports of the Sub-committee on Air and Water Pollution of the Senate Committee on Public Works of the 88th Congress at the behest of the Chairman, Senator Edmund Muskie (D -Maine). Both films were produced under the guidance of Muskie's Subcommittee based on staff studies on air and water pollution. This film is narrated by James Garner. The film on water pollution, titled Troubled Waters, was narrated by Henry Fonda. It is also posted to my YouTube channel. For more on the history of the Clean Air Act, by Senator Muskie, go to . The original film is available at the US National Archives in College Park, Maryland.
Clearwater Marine Aquarium, Clearwater Tampa
he Clearwater Marine Aquarium is a non-profit organization in Clearwater, Florida, United States. It is dedicated to the rescue, rehabilitation and release of injured marine animals, public education, and animal-assisted therapy and research.
Clearwater Marine Aquarium opened in 1972 at its current location on Clearwater Beach, a former water treatment plant (the large tanks being well-suited for rehabilitation operations).
Numerous forms of marine life reside at the aquarium, some temporarily until they can be released, while others have serious injuries which do not permit their return to the wild, and thus become permanent residents.
The aquarium's best-known permanent resident, and the focus of its marketing campaigns, is Winter, a bottlenose dolphin who was rescued in December 2005 after having her tail caught in a crab trap. Her injuries caused the loss of her tail, and the aquarium fitted her with a prosthetic tail which brought worldwide attention to the facility. Winter later starred in the 2011 Dolphin Tale, shot partially on location at the aquarium