Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos

Phone:
+591 75006002

Address:
Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia

A Jesuit reduction was a type of settlement for indigenous people in North and South America established by the Jesuit Order from the 16th to the 18th centuries. The Spanish and Portuguese Empires adopted a strategy of gathering native populations into communities called Indian reductions and Portuguese: redução . The objectives of the reductions were to organize and exploit the labor of the native indigenous inhabitants while also imparting Christianity and European culture. Secular as well as religious authorities created reductions. The Jesuit reductions, also called missions, were most extensive and successful in an area straddling the borders of present-day Paraguay, Brazil, and Argentina amongst the Guarani peoples. These missions are often called collectively the Rio de la Plata missions or the Paraguay reductions. The Jesuits attempted to create a theocratic state within a state in which the native peoples in the reductions, guided by the Jesuits, would remain autonomous and isolated from Spanish colonists and Spanish rule. A major factor attracting the natives to the reductions was the protection they afforded from enslavement and the forced labor of encomiendas. Under the leadership of both the Jesuits and native caciques, the reductions achieved a high degree of autonomy within the Spanish colonial empire. With the use of native labour, the reductions became economically successful. When the incursions of Brazilian Bandeirante slave-traders threatened the existence of the reductions, Indian militia were set up which fought effectively against the Portuguese colonists. In 1767, the Jesuits were expelled from the Guaraní missions and the Americas by order of the Spanish king, Charles III, and the era of Jesuit reductions ended. The reasons for the expulsion related more to politics in Europe than the activities of the Jesuit missions.The Jesuit Rio de la Plata reductions reached a maximum population of 141,182 in 1732 in 30 missions in Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina. The reductions of the Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos in eastern Bolivia reached a maximum population of 25,000 in 1766. Jesuit reductions in the Llanos de Moxos, also in Bolivia, reached a population of about 30,000 in 1720. In Chiquitos the first reduction was founded in 1691 and in the Llanos de Moxos in 1682. The Jesuit reductions have been lavishly praised as a socialist utopia and a Christian communistic republic as well as criticized for their rigid, severe and meticulous regimentation of the lives of the Indian people they ruled with a firm hand through Guaraní intermediaries.
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Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos Videos

【K】Bolivia Travel-Chiquitos[볼리비아 여행-치키토스]콘셉시온 성당/Concepcion Church/Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos

KBS 걸어서 세계속으로 PD들이 직접 만든 해외여행전문 유투브 채널 【Everywhere, K】
■ The Travels of Nearly Everywhere! 10,000 of HD world travel video clips with English subtitle! (Click on 'subtitles/CC' button)
■ '구독' 버튼을 누르고 10,000여 개의 생생한 【HD】영상을 공유 해 보세요! (Click on 'setting'-'quality'- 【1080P HD】 ! / 더보기 SHOW MORE ↓↓↓)

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[한국어 정보]
치키토스 지역에는 예수회 사도들에 의해 만들어진 여러 개의 도시가 있다. 그 중심이 콘셉시옹이다. 예수회가 이곳을 찾은 이유는 치키토스지역이 남미에서 가장 오지이면서 정중앙에 위치했기 때문이다. 밀림에서 방금 나온 차다. 사람들은 4 -5시간을 저렇게 트럭을 타고 도시로 나온다. 아직도 많은 사람들은 밀림에 흩어져서 살고 있다. 볼리비아 ‘미션’의 본고장. 유럽과 인디오의 방식이 섞인 독특한 스타일의 성당. 성모마리아, 아기예수, 천사 모두 인디오의 피부색을 가졌다.

[English: Google Translator]
Chicky toss region, there are several cities built by the Jesuits apostles. This is the center of Concepcion Sion. The reason is because the Jesuits found here are Chicky toss area was located in the center while most come from South America. Car just came from the jungle. People come into town riding a truck like that for 4-5 hours. Many people still live scattered in the jungle. Home of Bolivia 'Mission'. Europe and the unique style of the cathedral is a mixture of Indio way. Virgin Mary, baby Jesus, angels had all the color of Indio.

[Spanish: Google Translator]
Chicky tirar región, hay varias ciudades construidas por los apóstoles jesuitas. Este es el centro de Concepción Sion. La razón se debe a que los jesuitas se encuentran aquí son área de lanzamiento Chicky se encuentra en el centro mientras que la mayoría provienen de América del Sur. Coche acaba de llegar de la selva. La gente viene a la ciudad montado en un camión así durante 4-5 horas. Muchas personas todavía dispersos en vivo en la selva. Inicio de la 'Misión' Bolivia. Europa y el estilo único de la catedral es una mezcla de manera Indio. Virgen María, el Niño Jesús, los ángeles tuvo todo el color de Indio.

[Information]
■클립명: 남미004-볼리비아02-05 콘셉시온 성당/Concepcion Church/Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos/Santa Cruz/City/Indio
■여행, 촬영, 편집, 원고: 강희중 PD (travel, filming, editing, writing: KBS TV Producer)
■촬영일자: 2010년 5월 May

[Keywords]
남아메리카,South America,남미,볼리비아,Bolivia,Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia,,강희중,2010,5월 May

Concepción: Jesuit Missions of Bolivia - Bolivia Tourism

Concepción, Bolivia is one of the Jesuit Mission towns located in the Chiquitanía region, in the northern portion of the state of Santa Cruz. In the 1600's and 1700's, Jesuit priests organized area natives into towns called reductions. They taught them agricultural methods and evangelized to them. They also found the natives were very musically inclined and taught them the baroque music of the Renaissance Era. They formed music schools and workshops where they learned to fashion the instruments of the times (violins and flutes) and to write music. They were organized into choirs and orchestras as well. After the Jesuits were expelled from South America, the natives hid and preserved over 5000 hand-written sheets of baroque music and passed them down through the generations.

The temples of various mission towns, including Concepción, were restored and now form part of the Jesuit Missions Circuit, a tour that lasts several days and covers up to 7 of the Jesuit towns. Concepción houses the Musical Archives where sheets of baroque music brought to the Americas by Jesuit priests are preserved. The church is especially beautiful and is considered one of the jewels of this region. Concepción is also well-known for its annual International Orchid Festival, which takes place in October of each year, and hosts the International American Baroque and Renaissance Music Festival, which takes place in April, every two years on even-numbered years.

For more: boliviabella.com/concepcion.html

Jesuit Missions of Bolivia

The Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos, Bolivia were not the first to be established in Latin America. The story of how these amazing settlements came about dates back to the early 1500's. The contributions made to Bolivia's cultural history can still be seen today, in towns like San Javier, San Ignacio, and others. These are not ruins, but villages full of life, in the Chiquitania of Eastern Bolivia.

Read more:

The Jesuit Missions of Bolivia - Santa Cruz

The Jesuit Missions in Bolivia were not the first to be established in Latin America. The story of how these amazing settlements came about dates back to the early 1500's. The first Jesuit missionaries arrived in what is now Bolivia (then known as Upper Peru) in 1572, having moved eastward from the Viceroyalty of Peru, where they had been established as a province since 1568.

The Jesuits also penetrated into Bolivia's northern reaches, especially the Moxos (now part of Beni Department) and Guarayos (now part of Santa Cruz Department) regions. The first incursions there took place in 1596, although it was not until 1682 - a few years prior to their settling the Chiquitania.

The Jesuits trained their naturally proficient charges to become phenomenal craftsmen in several fields. Those of the Chiquitos missions are best known for their musical skills. Even classically European musical instruments - the cello, the harp, the violin - were created anew in the depths of the Bolivian forests and plains by the inhabitants of the reducciones, without any innate knowledge of what they were making.

Today, the Jesuit Missions of Bolivia (San Javier, Concepcion, San Ignacio, San Jose de Chiquitos, Santa Ana, San Miguel, and numerous others) are home to the International Renaissance and Baroque Music Festival that takes place every two years.

For more: boliviabella.com/jesuit-missions-in-bolivia.html

Jesuit Missions Ruta en Bolivia HD

Misiones Jesuíticas Ruta en Bolivia

La Chiquitania recibe su nombre de los habitantes nativos de esta área, los chiquitos o chiquitanos. En este lugar las reducciones jesuitas se establecieron en la segunda mitad del siglo XVII (desde 1691 hasta 1760). Ellos permanecen en el tiempo como un legado extraordinario porque son las únicas misiones jesuíticas en América del Sur, que no fueron destruidos después de que los jesuitas fueron expulsados de las colonias españolas. No son sino ruinas pueblos llenos de vida, con personas que todavía van a la misa en las mismas iglesias majestuosas o para disfrutar de los mismos conciertos de música barroca, de la misma manera que solía hacerlo cuando el jesuita gobernó estas misiones hace tres siglos.

【K】Bolivia Travel-Chiquitos[볼리비아 여행-치키토스]예수회, 미션 박물관/Mission Museum/Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos

■ KBS 걸어서 세계속으로 PD들이 직접 만든 해외여행전문 유투브 채널 【Everywhere, K】
■ The Travels of Nearly Everywhere! 10,000 of HD world travel video clips with English subtitle! (Click on 'subtitles/CC' button)
■ '구독' 버튼을 누르고 10,000여 개의 생생한 【HD】영상을 공유 해 보세요! (Click on 'setting'-'quality'- 【1080P HD】 ! / 더보기 SHOW MORE ↓↓↓)

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[한국어 정보]
미션박물관은 예수회 사도들의 영화 같은 이야기를 담고 있다. 예수회 사도들이 정착한 곳은 브라질, 아르헨티나 국경의 과라니지역, 파라과이, 그리고 이곳 치키토스다. 그들은 음악으로 인디오들에게 다가갔다. “예수회 사도들이 치키타나의 숲으로 왔을 때 인디오들은 그 음악에 반해버렸어요. 그들은 음악에 관심이 많았는데, 들어보니 한 번도 들어본 적이 없는 음악이었던 거예요. 그래서 그들은 숲에서 나오는 그 소리가 무엇인지 호기심에 다가오게 되었어요.” 영화 ‘미션’이 떠오른다. 오보에를 연주하는 가브리엘신부 뒤로 과라니인들이 호기심어린 얼굴로 나타나는 그 유명한 장면 그들은 음악으로 소통을 했다. 그리고 유럽에서는 실패한 종교적 이상사회 건설을 꿈꾸었다고 한다. 치키토스의 성당은 300년 이상 그 원형이 잘 보존 되어 있다. 그래서 성당 6곳이 유네스코의 세계문화 유산으로 등재되었다. 1930년대 스위스 건축가 한스 로드에 의해 한 차례 보수되기도 했다.

[English: Google Translator]
Mission Museum is like the movie tells the story of the Jesuit apostle. Jesuit apostles settled place in Brazil, Guarani-border area of Argentina, Paraguay, and here is Chicky toss. They went over to the Indio music. When the Jesuits came to the apostles Chiquita my forest Indio are tossed as opposed to the music. I frequently they are interested in music, for example, I have never gonna Music was never seen. So they come closer to doeeoteoyo curious what that sound is coming out of the woods. The film 'Mission' comes to mind. The famous scene in which the bride Gabriel back Guarani have played the oboe appears as a curious young faces they communicate with music. And Europe should eotdago failed dream of more than a religious society. Cathedral of Chicky Toss well over 300 years are preserved its original form. So cathedral six were listed as an UNESCO World Heritage Site. 1930 Switzerland was also once repaired by the architect Hans loaded.

[Spanish: Google Translator]
Misión Museo es como la película cuenta la historia del apóstol jesuita. Apóstoles jesuitas se establecieron en Brasil, zona guaraní-frontera de Argentina, Paraguay, y aquí es tirar Chicky. Ellos fueron a la música de Indio. Cuando los jesuitas llegaron a los apóstoles Chiquita mi bosque Indio se arrojó a diferencia de la música. Con frecuencia ellos están interesados en la música, por ejemplo, tengo nunca va música nunca fue visto. Así que ellos se acercan a doeeoteoyo curiosidad por lo que el sonido sale de los bosques . La película 'Misión' viene a la mente. La famosa escena en la que la novia Gabriel volver Guaraní han jugado el oboe aparece como un curioso caras jóvenes que se comunican con la música. Y Europa debe eotdago sueño fallido de más de una sociedad religiosa. Catedral de Chicky Toss así más de 300 años se conservan su forma original. Así catedral seis fueron listadas como Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la UNESCO. 1930 Suiza también fue una vez reparado por el arquitecto Hans cargado.

[Information]
■클립명: 남미004-볼리비아02-06 예수회 사도의 역사, 미션 박물관/Mission Museum/Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos/Santa Cruz/Music/History
■여행, 촬영, 편집, 원고: 강희중 PD (travel, filming, editing, writing: KBS TV Producer)
■촬영일자: 2010년 5월 May

[Keywords]
남아메리카,South America,남미,볼리비아,Bolivia,Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia,,강희중,2010,5월 May

Sonata Chiquitana IV- ANÓNIMO~Music at the Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos (Bolivia, S.XVIII)

Sonata Chiquitana IV de autor ANÓNIMO (Siglo XVIII) proveniente del Archivo Musical de Chiquitos, Bolivia.

Sonata “Chiquitana” No. IV
(AMCH 264 -So i8)

Allegro
Andante
Minuete

En 1990, la UNESCO declaró Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad a Chiquitos, junto a seis pueblos más aledaños, dejando expresa constancia de que la recuperación de semejantes tesoros musicales, debía ser considerada como uno de los descubrimientos culturales más trascendentes del siglo XX. Las partituras encontradas permitieron conocer a fondo la obra de aquellos músicos jesuitas, a quienes cupo el mérito de trasladar el esplendor del Barroco de la opulenta Europa (Bach, Vivaldi, Händel, Scarlatti…), a la sencillez de los habitantes de la selvas sudamericanas.

Al poco tiempo de empezar su labor, los jesuitas se sorprendieron de la facilidad con que los nativos asimilaban las complejas obras del Barroco. No sólo contaron enseguida con músicos, sino también con compositores. Pronto estos pobladores locales ocuparon sus lugares en el coro, como solistas, instrumentistas, copistas, constructores de instrumentos e incluso maestros de capilla. Muchos no sabían ni leer ni escribir y dominaban, sin embargo, la lectura musical.

Para los jesuitas, la música tenía una función esencialmente religiosa, por esa razón la mayoría de obras conservadas en los archivos están destinadas a la liturgia.Los indígenas heredaron este valor de la música y conservaron con celo las partituras, copiándolas una y otra vez a medida que se deterioraban. En las obras destinadas a la liturgia era norma no dejar registro del nombre del autor, pero los jesuitas, desafiando el rigor de las prohibiciones eclesiásticas, solían permitir a los músicos noveles que firmaran sus obras, asentando determinados signos al pie de la partitura a manera de un código secreto. Gracias a este recurso quedó un cierto registro de toda una dinastía de músicos autóctonos.

El repertorio instrumental que se conserva en el Archivo Musical de Chiquitos consiste en dos grandes colecciones: Música para un conjunto instrumental y música para tecla. Entre la colección de música instrumental encontramos cuartetos, danzas, partidas, conciertos, sinfonías y sonatas, estas últimas las más numerosas.

Se pueden encontrar en el Archivo versiones simplificadas o recreadas de sonatas en trío (dos violines y b.c.) de A. Corelli, o de Vivaldi, y piezas para órgano o clave de D. Zipoli; también un grupo de sonatas en trio de un lenguaje marcadamente preclásico a la manera de Boccherini. La música instrumental así como la vocal, está sólidamente fundada en el estilo italiano. En ningún caso las partituras consignan el nombre del autor.”- (Alicia R. Illa).

En Sucre hay dos espléndidas colecciones con música que documenta la grandeza e importancia que la catedral metropolitana e iglesias vecinas han tenido en la vida musical de aquella época. La primera colección, hoy guardada en la Biblioteca y Archivo Nacionales de Bolivia consta de más de 1.400 obras polifónicas, en su mayoría villancicos, que proceden de dicha catedral y de la iglesia de San Felipe Neri. La segunda, la componen los llamados libros de coro: treinta y cuatro gigantescos libros (algunos de hasta 20 kilos de peso) con música en canto llano que se practicaba en dicha catedral.

En las últimas dos décadas, la colección de música que más atención ha recibido, de parte de investigadores y músicos, es la de las antiguas reducciones de Chiquitos, encontrada en San Rafael y Santa Ana de Chiquitos, y hoy guardada en Concepción. Más de 5.500 páginas de música de la época de las reducciones chiquitanas, constituyen el documento más importante en el mundo, para demostrar el rol que la música ocupó en la evangelización de los pueblos americanos. Solamente la colección de música guardada en San Ignacio de Moxos, podría ser igualada en importancia y significado, con la de Concepción.

Obra extraída del álbum: Bolivian Baroque Vol. 3. Music from the Missions and La Plata.
Intepretan: Florilegium & Arakaendar Bolivia Choir.
Dirige: Ashley Solomon.
Channel Classics Records.
Música Virreinal, Música Colonial

【K】Bolivia Travel-Chiquitos[볼리비아 여행-치키토스]산 프란치스코 하비에르 성당/San Francisco Javier Church/Santa Cruz

MAS DE BOLIVIA CONCEPCION SANTA CRUZ

Hoy en mas de Bolivia nos encontramos en el departamento de Santa Cruz vicitando Concepcion

CONCEPCION - SANTA CRUZ -BOLIVIA

HERMOSA PESCA TRADICIONAL EN LA LAGUNA DE ZAPOCO, POBLACIÓN DE CONCEPCION.

Jesuit missions Chiquitania

Jesuit Missions, Bolivia. Chiquitos province, Santa Cruz de la Sierra.

MAS DE BOLIVIA LAS PIEDRAS SANTA CRUZ

Hoy en mas de Bolivia nos encontramos en el departamento de Santa Cruz Visitando Las Piedras entre Concepcion y San Javier

H E R E W H E R E W E A R E -in- B O L I V I A

Part Four of the HEREWHEREWEARE travel films sees us travel from the Atacama desert in Chile through to the salt flats in Bolivia and beyond. The contrasting landscapes in Bolivia are incredible, from the salt flats, colonial cities and jungle - there is so much to see and explore. The traditions of this country are still well embedded and I feel lucky to have experienced Bolivia now as I'm sure times will change as it evolves and adapts.

Shot on my 5Dmk3, edited in Final Cut Pro. Timelapses created in After Effects.

Music: Nero - 2808, M83 - Intro

Links to other travel films:
Peru - vimeo.com/74074327
Argentina - vimeo.com/68474063
Patagonia - vimeo.com/64889255
Chile - vimeo.com/62521839

H E R E W H E R E W E A R E - herewhereweare.com

Museo de la Catedral, Concepción, Chiquitania, Bolivia

La restauración de las misiones chiquitanas fue obra del sacerdote y arquitecto suizo Hans Roth, quien trabajó más de 20 años en la región, restaurando las misiones de San Javier, San Rafael, Concepción, y San Miguel. En 1990, la obra de Roth contribuyó a que las misiones jesuíticas chiquitanas fueran declaradas por la UNESCO como Patrimonio de la Humanidad.

The restoration of the missions of Chiquitos was the work of Swiss priest and architect Hans Roth, who worked more than 20 years in the region, restoring the missions of San Javier, San Rafael, Concepcion, and San Miguel. In 1990, Roth's work contributed to the Jesuit missions of Chiquitos being declared by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.

Secuencia Partituras y Música en las Misiones de Chiquitos-Realización Sergio Raczko

Dentro del documental Paraquaria Misiones de Chiquitos Dulce Jesús Mío 2 da. Parte se encuentra esta secuencia que trata de sintetizar el tema de las partituras rescatadas, clasificadas y restauradas que dieron origen a los Archivos Musicales de Chiquitos y Moxos.
Intervienen el P. Piotr Nawrot , Luis Szarán , y en off un relato en primera persona del Arq. Hans Roth, entre otros.
Entre medio el Maestro Ennio Morricone y la música del filme La Misión se mezclan en el relato .
Pueden ver el documental completo en
misionesjesuitas.com

Chiquitania Bolivia

The Chiquitania is a plains region that covers a large part of the Eastern Bolivian state of Santa Cruz. It is in this region that Spanish Jesuit missionaries arrived to preach the gospel to the native inhabitants who were known as chiquitos or chiquitanos. The Jesuits established numerous mission towns known as reductions between 1691 and 1760, prior to being expelled from South America. During their time in this region they taught the natives to sing and to fashion and play musical instruments in the baroque music style of the time. While the Jesuits also established hundreds of similar towns throughout Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina, the Jesuit missions of Bolivia are the only missions that were not destroyed after they departed. In the 1970's, Hans Roth, a Jesuit architect from Switzerland dedicated his life to renovating the mission churches in the Chiquitania and in 1990, they were designated by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites. Today, the Jesuit Missions circuit is a tour that consists of seven mission towns; San Javier, Concepción, San Ignacio, Santa Ana, San Miguel, San Rafael, and San José, although other towns can be visited, such as San Matías, Santiago de Chiquitos near Robore, Guarayos, and Urubichá.

Read more: boliviabella.com/jesuit-missions.html

The photographs in the video above were provided by EL CHIQUITANO, a corporate group that has opened the first Tourist and Comercial Information Center for this región, based out of the town of Concepcion, in an effort to further promote this region's ecotourism, sociocultural options, and local businesses. Headed by Guery Cuellar, a native of Concepcion, El Chiquitano will publish a quarterly newsletter to inform the public about events and attractions taking place throughout the year in the Chiquitania región, and will promote local hotels, tour operators, restaurant and other comercial ventures. The group will soon launch its new website elchiquitano.com.

CONCEPCIÓN: HERMOSO DESTINO EN LA CHIQUITANIA.

Jesuit Missions of Bolivia San Javier - Bolivia Tourism

San Javier is actually called San Francisco Javier de los Piñocas and is the first mission town established by the Jesuits (in 1691). The town is best known for its missions settlement which is still completely intact, and its music school and workshop where baroque musical instruments of the Renaissance era were handcrafted. Today the town has kept these traditions alive and its church is considered Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

The Jesuits built mission towns all over South America. Most of them are now in ruins. However, in Bolivia they are still living, growing towns and home to the International Baroque and Renaissance Music Festival every two years. The Jesuit Missions circuit is one of the most important historical tourist attractions in Bolivia.

For more: boliviabella.com/san-javier.html

Mision Jesuitica de Concepción / Mission Jésuite de Concepción

Concepción Santa Cruz Bolivia Misión jesuitica
Concepción Santa Cruz Mission jésuite
Photographie et Montage : Michel Desroches
2010

Misión Jesuítica de Concepción, Chiquitania, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

La Misión Jesuítica de Concepción, en Chiquitania, Bolivia, fue fundada el año 1709 por el Padre Lucas Caballero S.J., con el fin de catequizar a los indígenas manasicas que vivían en la región. La misión forma parte de las seis misiones jesuíticas chiquitanas declaradas por la UNESCO en 1990 como Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad. La misión fue restaurada a partir del año 1972 por el sacerdote y arquitecto suizo Hans Roth, y ahora es objeto de admiración por las numerosas personas que la visitan.

The Jesuit Mission of Concepción, in Chiquitania, Bolivia, was founded in 1709 by Father Lucas Caballero S.J., in order to catechize the Manasic Indians that inhabited the region. The mission is part of the six Jesuit missions of Chiquitos declared by UNESCO in 1990 as World Heritage Site. It was restored starting in the year 1972 by the Swiss priest and architect Hans Roth, and is now the object of admiration by the many people who visit it.

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Jesuit Missions