Czech Republic nuclear bunker turns Cold War museum
Shortly to be added to the list of Europe's most unusual tourist destinations, you too will soon be able to experience some of that Cold War chill in this nuclear bunker in the Czech Republic.
Misov, some 60 kilometres from the German border, got its underground complex in the Khrushchev years, and now it is a museum to the folly of mutually assured destruction.
There were only twelve locations in Eastern Europe and the only one that still exists for future generations to remember is this depot in
Misov, said Iron Curtain Foundation Chairman, Vaclav Vitovec.
Once one of the most secret places in the Soviet world, once upon a time it could have sheltered 80 nuclear warheads. There were two others like it in the Czech Republic, but this is the only intact one left.
We knew that there was some base, army barracks, near here, but almost no-one suspected there were nuclear warheads here.
Everyone knew there were some overnight flights but I think that even
our top representatives didn't know what it was. explained Misov resident Milos France.
Since the fall of Communism the bunker has been used to store obsolete banknotes, and the bodies of German World War Two soldiers awaiting repatriation.
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Drone Footage: Burg Landštejn - Czech Republic
Burg Landštejn
Entstehungszeit: Anfang 13. Jhd.
Erhaltungszustand: Ruine
Ort: Staré Město pod Landštejnem
Geographische Lage 49° 1′ 25,7″ N, 15° 13′ 48″ OKoordinaten: 49° 1′ 25,7″ N, 15° 13′ 48″ O | OSMBurg Landštejn (Tschechien)Burg Landštejn
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#drone
#castle
#czech republic
Landstein Castle was built after 1222 at the latest to secure the then troubled Bohemian-Austrian border. It was probably built on the initiative of the Bohemian King Ottokar I. Přemysl for strategic reasons opposite the older castle of the same name, which belonged to the Austrian Zöbingers. The castle stood on the site of the later settlement of Markl (Pomezí). The valley between the two castles was crossed by a trade route connecting Bohemia with Austria and Italy; from 1179 it formed a part of the border between Bohemia and Austria by the decision of Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa.
The oldest part of the castle is documented for 1231, when the first castle administrator Hartlieb of Landstein (Hartlieb z Landštejna), a Moravian nobleman and castellan of Znojmo, issued a document attesting to the ownership of the area and proving the existence of the two castles. While the Austrian castle had the character of an open palace, the Bohemian castle Landstein corresponded to a modern, closed castle.
After the Margrave of Moravia and later Bohemian King Ottokar II became Duke of Austria in 1251 Přemysl, the border running through the valley between the two castles lost its importance. In addition, this branch of the Zöbingen family had already ceased to exist in 1232, and due to the unresolved ownership situation the entire area fell to Bohemia.
Around this time the widigons gained great importance in the settlement and colonization of South Bohemia. Their family branch of Landstein, which is said to have been founded by Witiko IV, a son of Witiko of Prčice, acquired Landstein Castle and dominion. It is not known in which year the acquisition took place. For the year 1282 Sezima of Wittingau (Sezima z Třeboně) is documented as owner. The most important owner was probably Wilhelm von Landstein, to whom the possession was transferred in 1315.
After the death of Wilhelm's son Litold around 1381, Landstein fell as a settled fief to King Wenceslas IV, who left the castle and the dominion of Landstein to his highest court master, the Austrian nobleman Konrad Kraiger von Kraigk. The latter undertook to open the castle to the Bohemian kings at any time and granted them a right of first refusal. Konrad's son Lipold was a captain of Budweis. As he was on the side of the Catholics at the beginning of the Hussite wars, the Hussite army commander Jan Žižka besieged the Landstein castle in 1420. He also burned down Lipold's castle and the town of Neubistritz, where he took Lipold's wife Anna von Meseritsch and her daughter Dorothea prisoner [1]. Under the Kraiger von Kraigk, Landstein Castle was rebuilt in the Renaissance style in the first half of the 16th century and extended by the palace. The castle fortifications were renewed.
In 1579 Anna of Roupov, née Kraiger of Kraigk, sold castle and dominion Landstein to the Austrian hereditary lord Stephan of Einzing. He extended the dominion by further villages and in 1599 sold the property to David Neumayer from Jihlava. In July 1618 the imperial general Heinrich von Dampierre besieged Landstein Castle without success. Only his successor Karl Bucquoy succeeded in capturing it. Since Gottfried Neumayer was involved in the Bohemian Estates Uprising, he lost his possessions after the Battle of the White Mountain. In 1623 Maximilian Mohr von Lichtenegg acquired castle and lordship Landstein, which was followed by the Kuen of Belasy and from 1668 by Humprecht Jan Czernin of Chudenitz. His son Thomas Zacheus sold Landstein to Ferdinand von Herberstein in 1685. The Herbersteins kept the property until the second half of the 18th century, but had to sell parts of their dominion Landstein to their creditors due to over-indebtedness.
In 1771, a fire caused by lightning destroyed Landstein Castle. After that the castle was no longer inhabited. Subsequently, parts of the remaining walls were used as building material in the surrounding villages. The last owners were the Austrian Sternbach family, who were expropriated in 1945.
Of the originally large castle complex, the main wall with two towers and the Romanesque chapel have been preserved. From 1972 onwards, security measures were taken and subsequently an extensive reconstruction was carried out. Since 1990 the castle has been open to the public.
Zoo Praha: Zachraňujeme vzácné žáby z jezera Titicaca
Vodnice posvátné jsou v mnoha ohledech výjimečné žáby. Žijí pouze ve vysokohorském jezeře Titicaca, kde jsou však zejména vinou ohromného znečištění vody kriticky ohrožené. Zoo Praha se nyní spolu s vybranými severoamerickými a evropskými zoologickými zahradami zapojuje do programu na vytvoření jejich pojistné populace v lidské péči.
Více o této pozoruhodné žábě si můžete přečíst zde:
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Jewish Quarter and St Procopius' Basilica in Třebíč (UNESCO/NHK)
The ensemble of the Jewish Quarter, the old Jewish cemetery and the Basilica of St Procopius in Trebíc are reminders of the co-existence of Jewish and Christian cultures from the Middle Ages to the 20th century. The Jewish Quarter bears outstanding testimony to the different aspects of the life of this community. St Procopius Basilica, built as part of the Benedictine monastery in the early 13th century, is a remarkable example of the ...
Source: UNESCO TV / © NHK Nippon Hoso Kyokai
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Czech Republic | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Czech Republic
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
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This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The Czech Republic ( ( listen); Czech: Česká republika [ˈtʃɛskaː ˈrɛpublɪka] ( listen)), also known by its short-form name, Czechia ( ( listen); Czech: Česko [ˈtʃɛsko] ( listen)), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of 78,866 square kilometres (30,450 sq mi) with a mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, with 10.6 million inhabitants; its capital and largest city is Prague, with 1.3 million residents. Other major cities are Brno, Ostrava and Pilsen. The Czech Republic is a member of the European Union (EU), NATO, the OECD, the United Nations, the OSCE, and the Council of Europe.
It is a developed country with an advanced, high income export-oriented social market economy based in services, manufacturing and innovation. The UNDP ranks the country 14th in inequality-adjusted human development. The Czech Republic is a welfare state with a continental European social model, a universal health care system, tuition-free university education an is ranked 14th in the Human Capital Index. It ranks as the 6th safest or most peaceful country and is one of the most non-religious countries in the world, while achieving strong performance in democratic governance.
The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia. The Czech state was formed in the late 9th century as the Duchy of Bohemia under the Great Moravian Empire. After the fall of the Empire in 907, the centre of power transferred from Moravia to Bohemia under the Přemyslid dynasty. In 1002, the duchy was formally recognized as part of the Holy Roman Empire, becoming the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1198 and reaching its greatest territorial extent in the 14th century. Besides Bohemia itself, the king of Bohemia ruled the lands of the Bohemian Crown, he had a vote in the election of the Holy Roman Emperor, and Prague was the imperial seat in periods between the 14th and 17th century. In the Hussite Wars of the 15th century driven by the Protestant Bohemian Reformation, the kingdom faced economic embargoes and defeated five consecutive crusades proclaimed by the leaders of the Catholic Church.
Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the whole Crown of Bohemia was gradually integrated into the Habsburg Monarchy alongside the Archduchy of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary. The Protestant Bohemian Revolt (1618–20) against the Catholic Habsburgs led to the Thirty Years' War. After the Battle of the White Mountain, the Habsburgs consolidated their rule, eradicated Protestantism and reimposed Catholicism, and also adopted a policy of gradual Germanization. This contributed to the anti-Habsburg sentiment. A long history of resentment of the Catholic Church followed and still continues. With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the Bohemian Kingdom became part of the Austrian Empire and the Czech language experienced a revival as a consequence of widespread romantic nationalism. In the 19th century, the Czech lands became the industrial powerhouse of the monarchy and were subsequently the core of the Republic of Czechoslovakia, which was formed in 1918 following the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after World War I.
Czechoslovakia remained the only democracy in this part of Europe in the interwar period. However, the Czech part of Czechoslovakia was occupied by Germany in World War II, while the Slovak region became the Slovak Republic; Czechoslovakia was liberated in 1945 by the armies of the Soviet Union and the United States. The Czech country lost the majority of its German-speaking inhabitants after they were expelled following the war. The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia won the 1946 elections and after the 1948 coup d'état, Czechoslovakia became a one-party communist state under Soviet influence. In 19 ...
Czech Republic | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Czech Republic
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The Czech Republic ( ( listen); Czech: Česká republika [ˈtʃɛskaː ˈrɛpublɪka] ( listen)), also known by its short-form name, Czechia ( ( listen); Czech: Česko [ˈtʃɛsko] ( listen)), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of 78,866 square kilometres (30,450 sq mi) with a mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, with 10.6 million inhabitants; its capital and largest city is Prague, with 1.3 million residents. Other major cities are Brno, Ostrava and Pilsen. The Czech Republic is a member of the European Union (EU), NATO, the OECD, the United Nations, the OSCE, and the Council of Europe.
It is a developed country with an advanced, high income export-oriented social market economy based in services, manufacturing and innovation. The UNDP ranks the country 14th in inequality-adjusted human development. The Czech Republic is a welfare state with a continental European social model, a universal health care system, tuition-free university education an is ranked 14th in the Human Capital Index. It ranks as the 6th safest or most peaceful country and is one of the most non-religious countries in the world, while achieving strong performance in democratic governance.
The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia. The Czech state was formed in the late 9th century as the Duchy of Bohemia under the Great Moravian Empire. After the fall of the Empire in 907, the centre of power transferred from Moravia to Bohemia under the Přemyslid dynasty. In 1002, the duchy was formally recognized as part of the Holy Roman Empire, becoming the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1198 and reaching its greatest territorial extent in the 14th century. Besides Bohemia itself, the king of Bohemia ruled the lands of the Bohemian Crown, he had a vote in the election of the Holy Roman Emperor, and Prague was the imperial seat in periods between the 14th and 17th century. In the Hussite Wars of the 15th century driven by the Protestant Bohemian Reformation, the kingdom faced economic embargoes and defeated five consecutive crusades proclaimed by the leaders of the Catholic Church.
Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the whole Crown of Bohemia was gradually integrated into the Habsburg Monarchy alongside the Archduchy of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary. The Protestant Bohemian Revolt (1618–20) against the Catholic Habsburgs led to the Thirty Years' War. After the Battle of the White Mountain, the Habsburgs consolidated their rule, eradicated Protestantism and reimposed Catholicism, and also adopted a policy of gradual Germanization. This contributed to the anti-Habsburg sentiment. A long history of resentment of the Catholic Church followed and still continues. With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the Bohemian Kingdom became part of the Austrian Empire and the Czech language experienced a revival as a consequence of widespread romantic nationalism. In the 19th century, the Czech lands became the industrial powerhouse of the monarchy and were subsequently the core of the Republic of Czechoslovakia, which was formed in 1918 following the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after World War I.
Czechoslovakia remained the only democracy in this part of Europe in the interwar period. However, the Czech part of Czechoslovakia was occupied by Germany in World War II, while the Slovak region became the Slovak Republic; Czechoslovakia was liberated in 1945 by the armies of the Soviet Union and the United States. The Czech country lost the majority of its German-speaking inhabitants after they were expelled following the war. The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia won the 1946 elections and after the 1948 coup d'état, Czechoslovakia became a one-party communist state under Soviet influence. In 19 ...
Sudetenland | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Sudetenland
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Sudetenland ( (listen); German: [zuˈdeːtn̩ˌlant]; Czech and Slovak: Sudety; Polish: Kraj Sudecki) is the historical German name for the northern, southern, and western areas of former Czechoslovakia which were inhabited primarily by Sudeten Germans. These German speakers had predominated in the border districts of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia from the time of the Austrian Empire.
The word Sudetenland did not come into being until the early part of the 20th century and did not come to prominence until over a decade into the century, after the First World War, when the German-dominated Austria-Hungary was dismembered and the Sudeten Germans found themselves living in the new country of Czechoslovakia. The Sudeten crisis of 1938 was provoked by the Pan-Germanist demands of Germany that the Sudetenland be annexed to Germany, which happened after the later Munich Agreement. Part of the borderland was invaded and annexed by Poland. When Czechoslovakia was reconstituted after the Second World War, the Sudeten Germans were expelled and the region today is inhabited almost exclusively by Czech speakers.
The word Sudetenland is a German compound of Land, meaning country, and Sudeten, the name of the Sudeten Mountains, which run along the northern Czech border and Lower Silesia (now in Poland). The Sudetenland encompassed areas well beyond those mountains, however.
Parts of the now Czech regions of Karlovy Vary, Liberec, Olomouc, Moravia-Silesia, and Ústí nad Labem are within the area called Sudetenland.