Завод Новороссийского общества, Юзовка / Yuzovka - Novorossiysk Factory: 1872-1915
Дореволюционная Россия в фотографиях
Завод Новороссийского общества, Юзовка (Донецьк)
Pre-revolutionary Russia in phtographs
Factory of the Novorossiysk Society, Yuzovka (Donetsk)
Music:
Mazurka by A. Scriabin
The government of the Russian Empire entered into an agreement with Prince Sergey Kochubey. According to the agreement, the Prince undertook to build, in southern Russia a metallurgical factory for the manufacture of rails for the railway industry...
In 1869, the Prince sold the concession to John James Hughes for 24,000 pounds (Sterling)....
Hughes was born in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales, where his father was head engineer at the Cyfarthfa Ironworks. In thiese ironworks, the young Hughes started his career, under his father's supervision. He then moved to Ebbw Vale, before joining the Uskside Foundry in Newport, Monmouthshire, in the 1840s. It was here than Hughes made his reputation and fortune, patenting a number of inventions in armaments and armour plating.
The resultant revenues allowed him to acquire a shipyard aged 28, and by the age of 36 he owned a foundry in Newport. Allso during this time that he married Elizabeth Lewis, and together had eight children: six boys and two girls, all born in Newport.
In the mid-1850s, Hughes moved to London to become manager of C.J.Mare's forges and rolling mills, which was then taken over by the Millwall Iron Works & Shipbuilding Company, part of the Millwall Iron Works, Shipbuilding and Graving Docks Company.
In 1868, the Millwall Iron Works Company received an order from the Imperial Russian Government for the construction of a naval fortress being built at Kronstadt on the Baltic Sea.
Hughes accepted a concession from the Imperial Russian Government to develop a metal works in Russia and in 1869 acquired a piece of land to the north of the Azov Sea from Russian statesman Prince Sergei Kochubey (son of Viktor Kochubey).
Hughes formed the 'New Russia Company Ltd.' to raise capital, and in the summer of 1870, at the age of 55, he moved to the Russian Empire. He sailed with eight ships, with not only all the equipment necessary to establish a metal works, but also much of the skilled labour; a group of about a hundred ironworkers and miners mostly from South Wales.
He immediately started to build metal works close to the river Kalmius, at a site near the village of Alexandrovka. The state-of-the-art works had eight blast furnaces and was capable of a full production cycle, with the first pig iron cast in 1872. During the 1870s, collieries and iron ore mines were sunk, and brickworks and other facilities were established to make the isolated works a self-sufficient industrial complex. He further built a railway-line-producing factory. All of Hughes' facilities were held under the 'Novorussian society for coal, iron and rails production.'
The Hughes factory gave its name to the settlement which grew in its shadow, and the town of Hughesovka (Yuzovka) grew rapidly. Hughes personally provided a hospital, schools, bath houses, tea rooms, a fire brigade and an Anglican church dedicated to the patron saints St George and St. David. The land around the metal works quickly grew to become an industrial and cultural centre in the region
Over the next twenty years, the works prospered and expanded, first under John Hughes and then, after his death in 1889, under the management of four of his sons. Amazingly, John Hughes was only semi-literate - he was unable to write and could only read capital letters.
Hughes died on 17 June during a business trip to St Petersburg at the Angleterre Hotel. His body was immediately repatriated to the Britain for burial...
By the end of the 19th century, the works were the largest in the Russian Empire, producing 74% of all Russian iron by 1913...
Timeline of Russian innovation | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Timeline of Russian innovation
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Timeline of Russian Innovation encompasses key events in the history of technology in Russia, starting from the Early East Slavs and up to the Russian Federation.
The entries in this timeline fall into the following categories:
Indigenous inventions, like airliners, AC transformers, radio receivers, television, artificial satellites, ICBMs
Products and objects that are uniquely Russian, like Saint Basil's Cathedral, Matryoshka dolls, Russian vodka
Products and objects with superlative characteristics, like the Tsar Bomba, the AK-47, and Typhoon class submarine
Scientific and medical discoveries, like the periodic law, vitamins and stem cellsThis timeline examines scientific and medical discoveries, products and technologies introduced by various peoples of Russia and its predecessor states, regardless of ethnicity, and also lists inventions by naturalized immigrant citizens. Certain innovations achieved by a national operation may also may be included in this timeline, in cases where the Russian side played a major role in such projects.
Timeline of Russian inventions and technology records | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Timeline of Russian inventions and technology records
00:01:07 1 Early East Slavs
00:07:36 2 Kievan Rus'
00:07:45 2.1 10th century
00:11:15 2.2 11th century
00:15:10 2.3 12th century
00:17:34 2.4 13th century
00:19:22 3 Grand Duchy of Moscow
00:19:31 3.1 14th century
00:22:30 3.2 15th century
00:27:48 3.3 Early 16th century
00:29:36 4 Tsardom of Russia
00:29:45 4.1 Late 16th century
00:34:44 4.2 17th century
00:42:50 4.3 Early 18th century
00:45:24 5 Russian Empire
00:45:33 5.1 1720s
00:46:22 5.2 1730s
00:49:21 5.3 1740s
00:49:35 5.4 1750s
00:50:04 5.5 1760s
00:50:36 5.6 1770s
00:52:21 5.7 1780s
00:52:35 5.8 1790s
00:53:44 5.9 19th century
00:54:20 5.10 1810s
00:54:44 5.11 1820s
00:55:27 5.12 1830s
00:56:17 5.13 1840s
00:56:36 5.14 1850s
00:58:51 5.15 1860s
01:00:01 5.16 1870s
01:02:51 5.17 1880s
01:05:35 5.18 1890s
01:07:46 5.19 20th century
01:10:02 5.20 1910s
01:12:47 6 Soviet Union
01:12:56 6.1 Late 1910s
01:13:50 6.2 1920s
01:16:14 6.3 1930s
01:23:47 6.4 1940s
01:27:01 6.5 1950s
01:32:10 6.6 1960s
01:36:56 6.7 1970s
01:40:20 6.8 1980s
01:42:35 6.9 Early 1990s
01:43:54 7 Russian Federation
01:44:04 7.1 1990s
01:45:57 7.2 2000s
01:48:09 7.3 2010s
01:48:52 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Timeline of Russian Innovation encompasses key events in the history of technology in Russia, starting from the Early East Slavs and up to the Russian Federation.
The entries in this timeline fall into the following categories:
Indigenous inventions, like airliners, AC transformers, radio receivers, television, artificial satellites, ICBMs
Products and objects that are uniquely Russian, like Saint Basil's Cathedral, Matryoshka dolls, Russian vodka
Products and objects with superlative characteristics, like the Tsar Bomba, the AK-47, and Typhoon class submarine
Scientific and medical discoveries, like the periodic law, vitamins and stem cellsThis timeline examines scientific and medical discoveries, products and technologies introduced by various peoples of Russia and its predecessor states, regardless of ethnicity, and also lists inventions by naturalized immigrant citizens. Certain innovations achieved by a national operation may also may be included in this timeline, in cases where the Russian side played a major role in such projects.