KAUNAS NINTH FORT - HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL
Welcome to our second video and this time we are in Kaunas IX Fort – we explore the tragic history of the fort which has become one of Lithuania’s most visited genocide locations. You will find more information about IX Fort and its history in our video and the links below.
Sources:
WEST TO EAST - We're Callum and Sonata, a Scotsman (Western Europe) and Lithuanian (Eastern Europe) addicted to travel and exploration. We want to share our experiences in video format and create a channel for you to explore the world through visualisation. We hope you enjoy our videos, and as ever, if you have any feedback or comments please leave them below.
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Dalinamės mūsų antruoju filmu, ir šį karta mes esame Kauno IX forte – viename lankomiausių genocido memorialų Lietuvoje. Daugiau sužinosite apie tragiška šio forto istoriją ir iki šių dienų išlikusius įrodymus apie vieną žiauriausių nusikaltimų žmonijos istorijoje – šiame video ture.
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WEST TO EAST: Esame keliautojų porelė iš Lietuvos ir Škotijos. Mėgstame atrasti naujas vietas bei perteikti jas nuotraukomis ir filmuota medžiaga, kuria vėliau dalinamės su mūsų žiūrovais internete. Tikimės jog šitas filmukas jums patiks, todėl prašome palikti savo komentarą su pasiūlymais.
Norėdami peržiūrėti mūsų pirmąjį video apie Kauno miesto centrą paspauskite nuorodą esančią žemiau:
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Kaunas FORT IV
The fort was built in 1883-1888. The Fort has been modernised in 1893, two gun-lifting premises have been equipped there.
Controlled by:
Russian Empire (1882–1915)
German Empire (1915–1918)
Lithuania (1918–1940)
Soviet Union (1940–1941)
Nazi Germany (1941–1944)
Soviet Union (1944–1990)
Lithuania (1990–present)
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World War I
In 1915, Germany and the Central Powers began an offensive against Russia and advanced towards Lithuania and Kaunas. The German army reached Kaunas Fortress in July 1915. At that time, about 90,000 soldiers, commanded by Vladimir Grigoriev (Russian: Владимир Григорьев), manned the fortress. To attack the fortress, the Germans brought four divisions to the operation, which were placed under the command of Karl Litzmann.
To support this attack, the Germans constructed a railroad to transport their 42-centimetre (17 in) Gamma-Gerät howitzer. The howitzer's shell weighed about 1 ton with a range of 14 km (8.7 mi). Several days into the siege more guns of various calibers were deployed.
The German army concentrated its attack on the First, Second and Third Forts, which were the complex's oldest structures. The army did not surround the entire fortress, and its defense was able to regroup and resupply. On August 8, the Germans intensified their bombardment, but the fortress garrison withstood several attempts to breach the defensive perimeter. Several days afterward, the bombardment of the fortress reached its peak; its defenders sustained heavy casualty rates of 50% to 75%. On August 14, over 1,000 defending troops were killed, but the Germans were unable to completely overcome the fortress' defenses. However, on the next day, Gamma-Gerät shells destroyed the First Fort and the Germans transferred their attentions to the Second Fort. The fight was now within the confines of the greater fortress complex.
At the cost of many casualties, the Third Fort's defenders delayed the advance of the Germans, but were forced to evacuate and retreat later the same day. The next day the Fourth Fort was abandoned and the Fifth Fort was conquered soon afterwards. In a chain reaction, the other forts began capitulating. Commander Grigoriev abandoned his post and escaped to Žiežmariai. When the Germans crossed the Nemunas river they captured the Sixth and Seventh Forts. The remaining two forts were captured soon afterwards. After eleven days of fighting, the fortress had been taken.
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World War II
Adjustments to the secret protocols of the 1939 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact assigned Lithuania to the Soviet sphere of influence, and it was occupied by the USSR in June 1940. The fortress was then used to conduct interrogations and house political prisoners. The pact was broken when Germany invaded USSR on June 22, 1941. Nazi forces entered Kaunas on June 24. The Sixth Fort became a POW camp for Red Army soldiers. Kaunas's Jewish population numbered between 35,000 and 40,000; few would survive the Holocaust in Lithuania. The Nazis, aided by Lithuanian auxiliaries, began massacring the Jewish population. On July 6, acting under orders of the SS, Lithuanian auxiliary police units shot nearly 3,000 Jews at the Seventh Fort.[32] On August 18, in what came to be known as the intellectuals action, over 1,800 Jews were shot at the Fourth Fort. On October 28, the Great Action took place—the residents of the Kaunas Ghetto were summoned, and over 9,000 men, women and children were taken to the Ninth Fort and executed. During the later course of the occupation, over 5,000 Jewish deportees from Central Europe would be executed at this fort. About 60 escaped in December 1943; they had been assigned to excavate and burn the bodies of earlier victims, as part of Aktion 1005. Thirteen of these escapees were able to document the Aktion's attempt to hide the evidence of the mass murders.
When Germany began losing the war and the battlefront approached Lithuania, the German defense began attempts to prepare a defensive in Kaunas, including the use of the fortress. The Nemunas River was labelled the line of catastrophe, and Adolf Hitler called for its defense at any price. On August 1, 1944 Kaunas was captured by the Red Army. The remaining fortress structures were used for military needs and several of the original structures were demolished or redeveloped.
The number of deaths at the fortress during World War II vary by source; the United States Holocaust Museum gives detailed descriptions of the deaths of about 18,500 Holocaust victims. Other sources mention 30,000 Jewish deaths, with total number 50,000.
Rav Yerucham Olshin @ The Seventh Fort In Kaunas (Kovno)
Rav Yerucham Olshin joins a delegation of Askanim headed by Mr. Reuvain Dessler, on a pilgrimage to Kivrei Avos in Lithuania and Belarus. Here they are seen commemorating the Yahrzeit of HaGaon HaRav Elchanan Wasserman Hy”d, at his approximate resting place at the killing fields by the Seventh Fort Fortress in Kovna.
9th Fort Kovno, Kaunus, Lithuania
9th Fort Kovno, Kaunus, Lithuania
2010 march Kaunas 8 fort
diving
9th Fort, Kaunus, Kovno, Lithuania
9th Fort, Kaunus, Kovno, Lithuania
8th Fort, Kaunas
The 8th fort was built as a part of defencive fortress of Kaunas. For some reasons it is flooded with water. And that is why cave divers have a nice place for training lessons. That's the place where I always want go.. You can feel the adrenalin rush and be safe (if you know what you are doing) at the same time.
Kaunas fortress
Kaunas fortress testing new gear .. under ice in some places ..
Lithuania Kaunas IX Fortas 4K
LIGHT VISION FILM
NIKOLAY LIGHT
SVETLANA LIGHT
Композиция Darkening Developments принадлежит исполнителю Kevin MacLeod. Лицензия: Creative Commons Attribution (
Оригинальная версия:
Исполнитель:
Композиция Lightless Dawn принадлежит исполнителю Kevin MacLeod. Лицензия: Creative Commons Attribution (
Оригинальная версия:
Исполнитель:
95. ΛΙΘΟΥΑΝΙΑ - LITHUANIA: Old Vilnius City, Ponary, Kaunas Holocaust, Ninth Fort
Η Παλιά Πόλη της Βίλνιους με τα 1447 ιστορικά κτίρια, Η ρωμαιοκαθολική εκκλησία του Αγίου Πέτρου κ' Παύλου,
Η Αγία Άννα - διπλού γοτθικού ρυθμού, Τόπος σφαγής Ponary 100.000 ανθρώπων, Το Μουσείο των Θυμάτων της Γενοκτονίας (1992), Κάουνας Μουσείο Ολοκαυτώματος Ninth Fort
facebook.com/totaxidi , koutantosdimitri@hotmail.com Μάρτιος 2014...
בית כנסת הגדול קוראל בקובנה The Great Coral Synagogue in Kaunas
תודה לוויליאם המדריך הליטאי דובר העברית. הפייסבוק שלו Guid Facebook
לפלייליסט המלא של הסירטונים מהסוג הזה ראה ברשימת הפלייליסטים של הערוץ. אתם מוזמנים לעשות מנוי לערוץ:
VIII fort in Kaunas
Making movie in the Fort No. 8 in Kaunas fortress
Kauno IX forto memorialinis kompleksas (4 dalis)
Defence and Nature Heritage in Kaunas Lithuania
Kaunas from its very beginning was a fortified city. In the 14th century, in the territory of the settlement located at the confluence of the Nemunas and Neris rivers, a brick castle was constructed. At the beginning of the 19th century, during the Russian occupation, Kaunas served as a fortress again. The city was encircled by a ring of 9 forts. Brick forts and batteries of the fortress were arranged around the city almost in a regular oval. Kaunas Fortress was the most modern and one of the four strongest fortresses all over the Russian Empire of that time. In the Ninth and Seventh Forts, museums were established, honouring the victims of the war and Holocaust.
The video is co-financed from the budget of the project “Gynybinio ir gamtos paveldo keliai” (unique code: 05.4.1-LVPA-K-808-01-0014) in the Operational Programme for EU Structural Funds Investments for 2014-2020.
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Kaunas nuo pat jo atsiradimo pradžios buvo miestas – tvirtovė. Santakos gyvenvietės teritorijoje XIV amžiuje buvo pastatyta mūrinė pilis. XIX amžiaus pradžioje, Rusijos okupacijos metu Kaunas vėl tapo tvirtove. Miestas buvo apjuostas 9 fortų žiedu. Mūriniai tvirtovės fortai ir baterijos buvo išdėstyti beveik taisyklingu ovalu aplink miestą. Kauno tvirtovė buvo pati moderniausia ir viena iš keturių stipriausių tvirtovių visoje Rusijos imperijoje. Devintajame ir septintajame fortuose yra įkurti muziejai, ten pagerbtas karo ir Holokausto aukų atminimas.
Vaizdo įrašas bendrai finansuojamas iš projekto „Gynybinio ir gamtos paveldo keliai“ (unikalus kodas: 05.4.1-LVPA-K-808-01-0014) lėšų, pagal 2014-2020 metų Europos Sąjungos fondų investicijų veiksmų programą.
ninth fort museum Kovno Kaunus Lithuania
ninth fort museum Kovno, Kaunus, Lithuania
Kauno IX forto memorialinis kompleksas (gestų k. IV)
побег из IX форта Каунас
IX форт — один из фортов Ковенской крепости. После Первой мировой войны служил тюрьмой МВД Литвы, а потом НКВД СССР. Во времена нацистской Германии служил местом массовых убийств, в большинстве своём евреев. Сейчас в этом месте основан музей в память о жертвах.
Kaunas-Fort-9
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Erdvėlaivis žemė 2015 VII fortas, Kaunas
VII fortas, Kaunas
Muzika: Duke Dumont - Ocean Drive
Kaunas Fortress Festival Battery'19 at Kaunas Fort No. 8
Kaunas Fortress Festival Battery'19 at Kaunas Fort No. 8
Find out more on Facebook: kaunotvirtovesparkas / silainiaiproject
Video: Ričardas Rickevičius
Photography: #Lietuva360