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Lagoon Beach

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Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Lagoon Beach
Address:
Lord Howe Island, Australia

A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate. Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, whose polyps cluster in groups. Coral belongs to the class Anthozoa in the animal phylum Cnidaria, which includes sea anemones and jellyfish. Unlike sea anemones, corals secrete hard carbonate exoskeletons that support and protect the coral. Most reefs grow best in warm, shallow, clear, sunny and agitated water. Often called rainforests of the sea, shallow coral reefs form some of Earth's most diverse ecosystems. They occupy less than 0.1% of the world's ocean area, about half the area of France, yet they provide a home for at least 25% of all marine species, including fish, mollusks, worms, crustaceans, echinoderms, sponges, tunicates and other cnidarians. Coral reefs flourish in ocean waters that provide few nutrients. They are most commonly found at shallow depths in tropical waters, but deep water and cold water coral reefs exist on smaller scales in other areas. Coral reefs deliver ecosystem services for tourism, fisheries and shoreline protection. The annual global economic value of coral reefs is estimated between US$30–375 billion. Coral reefs are fragile, partly because they are sensitive to water conditions. They are under threat from excess nutrients , rising temperatures, oceanic acidification, overfishing , sunscreen use overuse and harmful land-use practices, including runoff and seeps .
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