Akdamar Island - Lake Van, Turkey
Lake Van (Armenian: Վանա լիճ Vana lich, Kurdish: Gola Wanê, Sorani Kurdish: دهریاچهی وان, Turkish: Van Gölü) is the largest lake in Turkey, located in the far east of the country in Van district. It is a saline soda lake, receiving water from numerous small streams that descend from the surrounding mountains. Lake Van is one of the world's largest endorheic lakes (having no outlet). The original outlet from the basin was blocked by an ancient volcanic eruption. Although Lake Van is situated at an altitude of 1,640 m (5,380 ft) with harsh winters, it does not freeze due to its high salinity except occasionally the shallow northern section.Along with Lake Urmia and Lake Sevan, Van was considered one of the three great lakes of the historical Armenian Kingdom, collectively referred to as the 'Seas of Armenia'.Lake Van is situated in the highest and largest region of Turkey, which has a harsh continental climate. Average temperatures in July are between 22 and 25 °C, and in January between −3 °C to −12 °C. In particularly-cold winter nights the temperature reaches −30 °C. Lake Van mitigates the climate somewhat, so in the city of Van, on the shore of the lake, the average temperature in July is 22.5 °C, and in January −3.5 °C. The average annual rainfall in the basin of Lake Van, ranges from 400 to 700 mm.The only fish known to live in the brackish water of Lake Van is Chalcalburnus tarichi the Pearl Mullet or inci kefalı, a Cyprinid fish related to chub and dace, which is caught during the spring floods. In May and June, these fish migrate from the lake to less alkaline water, spawning either near the mouths of the rivers feeding the lake or in the rivers themselves. After spawning season it returns to the lake.103 species of phytoplankton have been recorded in the lake including cyanobacteria, flagellates, diatoms, green algae and brown algae. 36 species of zooplankton have also been recorded including Rotatoria, Cladocera and Copepoda in the lake.In 1991, researchers reported the discovery of 40 m (130 ft) tall microbialites in Lake Van. These are solid towers on the lake bed created by mats of coccoid cyanobacteria (Pleurocapsa group) that create aragonite in combination with calcite precipitating out of the lake water.The Lake Van region is the home of the rare Van Cat breed of cat, noted for among other things its unusual fascination with water, and is surrounded by fruit and grain-growing agricultural areas.Tushpa, the capital of Urartu, was located near the shores of Lake Van, on the site of what became medieval Van's castle, west of present-day Van city.The ruins of the medieval city of Van are still visible below the southern slopes of the rock on which Van Castle is located.The lake's outlet was blocked at some time during the Pleistocene, when lava flows from Nemrut volcano blocked westward outflow towards the Muş Plain. Now dormant, Nemrut Dağı is close to the western shore of the lake, and another dormant stratovolcano, Süphan Dağı dominates the northern side of the lake.The water level of the lake has often altered dramatically: near Tatvan, Oswald (see Geology of Armenia, 1901) noted a raised beach high above the present level of the lake as well as recently drowned trees. Investigation by Degens and others in the early 1980s determined that the highest lake levels (72 metres (236 ft) above the current height) had been during the last ice age, about 18,000 years ago. Approximately 9,500 years ago there was a dramatic drop to more than 300 metres (980 ft) below the present level. This was followed by an equally-dramatic rise around 6,500 years ago.Lake Van is 119 kilometres (74 mi) across at its widest point, averaging a depth of 171 metres (561 ft) with a maximum recorded depth of 451 metres (1,480 ft).[2] The lake surface lies 1,640 metres (5,380 ft) above sea level and the shore length is 430 kilometres (270 mi). Lake Van has an area of 3,755 km2 (1,450 sq mi) and a volume of 607 cubic kilometres (146 cu mi).The western portion of the lake is deepest, with a large basin deeper than 400 m (1,300 ft) lying northeast of Tatvan and south of Ahlat. The eastern arms of the lake are shallower. The Van-Ahtamar portion shelves gradually, with a maximum depth of about 250 m (820 ft) on its northwest side where it joins the rest of the lake. The Erciş arm is much shallower, mostly less than 50 m (160 ft), with a maximum depth of about 150 m (490 ft).The lake water is strongly alkaline (pH 9.7–9.8) and rich in sodium carbonate and other salts, which are extracted by evaporation and used as detergents.
Lake Van | Turkey’s Third Largest Lake [Van / Turkey]
Lake Van: In the times of ancient Greece it was known as Thospitis Lacus, or Arsissa Lacus, which is derived from the Urartian city of Van, or ancient Chauon. Lake Van is the largest lake in Turkey and the second largest in the Middle East. It's also the biggest sodium water lake in the world. The lake lies on the high grounds of Eastern Anatolian region near the border with Iran. It was formed by a crater caused by a volcanic explosion of Nemrud mount near the province of Van. It covers an area of 1,434 square miles and is more than 74 miles across at its widest point. It's elevation from the sea level is 1,646 meters, deepest point is 457 meters.
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Turkey-Van Akdamar Island Part 34
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Akdamar Adası : Van/Turkey
Akdamar Island, also known as Aghtamar is the second by size of four islands in Lake Van in the south of Eastern Anatolia Region, Turkey, about 0.7 km2 in size, situated about 3 km from the shoreline. At the western end of the island a hard, grey, limestone cliff rises 80 m above the lake's level (1,912 m above sea level). The island declines to the east to a level site where a spring provides ample water. It is home to a tenth-century Armenian Cathedral church, known as the Cathedral Church of the Holy Cross (915-921), and was the seat of an Armenian Catholicos from 1116 to 1895.
The origin and meaning of the island's name is based on an old Armenian legend.[1] According to the tale, an Armenian princess named Tamar lived on the island and was in love with a commoner. This boy would swim from the mainland to the island each night, guided by a light she lit for him. Her father learned of the boy's visits. One night, as she waited for her lover to arrive, he smashed her light, leaving the boy in the middle of the lake without a guide to indicate which direction to swim. His body washed ashore and, as the legend concludes, it appeared as if the words Akh, Tamar (Oh, Tamar) were frozen on his lips.The legend was the inspiration for a famous Armenian poem by Hovhannes Tumanyan.
Akdamar (meaning white vein in Turkish) is the official name of the island which was determined by Turkish government sometime after the modern republic was established and which is a part of the Turkish government's policy of the Turkification of indigenous names (deemed cultural genocide by some).Turkish journalist Cengiz Çandar wrote that the main intention is to hide the Armenian heritage in Anatolia
During his reign, King Gagik I Artsruni (r. 908-943/944) of the Armenian kingdom of Vaspurakan chose Aght'amar as one of his residences. He founded a settlement and erected a large square palace richly decorated with frescoes, built a dock noted for its complex hydrotechnical engineering, laid out streets, gardens, and orchards, and planted trees and designed areas of recreation for himself and his court.The only surviving structure from that period is the Palatine Cathedral of the Holy Cross (Armenian: Սուրբ Խաչ Եկեղեցի Surb Khach Yekeghets'i). It was built of pink volcanic tuff by the architect-monk Manuel during the years 915-921, with an interior measuring 14.80m by 11.5m and the dome reaching 20.40m above ground. In later centuries, and until 1915, it formed part of a monastic complex, the ruins of which can still be seen to the south of the church.Between 1116 and 1895 Aght'amar Island was the location of the Armenian Catholicosate of Aght'amar. Khachatur III, who died in 1895, was the last Catholicos of Aght'amar. On August 28, 2010, a small solar energy power plant was opened on the island, to provide local installations with electricity.
Between May 2005 and October 2006, the church underwent a controversial restoration program.The restoration had a stated budget of 2 million New Turkish Lira (approximately 1.4 million USD) and was financed by the Turkish Ministry of Culture. It officially re-opened as a museum on 29 March 2007 in a ceremony attended by the Turkish Minister of Culture, government officials, ambassadors of several countries, Patriarch Mesrob II (spiritual leader of the Armenian Orthodox community of Turkey), a delegation from the Republic of Armenia headed by the Deputy to the Armenian Minister of Culture, and a large group of invited journalists from many news organizations around the world.Wikipedia
Turkish Lake Monster
Turkey : LAKE MONSTER (DUR: 8’00)
Beneath the shining waters of Lake Van in Turkey, it’s said there lurks a huge and mysterious creature beyond the comprehension of science. Animal X travelled to the region to investigate reported sightings of Turkey’s very own Loch Ness Monster, a creature that may have even been sighted in centuries gone by and immortalised in stone on a local thousand year old church. We also look at amazing amateur footage, thought to be the Monster of Lake Van, which has not only locals, but the whole world talking.
Lake Van Turkey
Skating biggest lake in Turkey
Eastern Turkey 2013: Lake Van from Akdamar Island
Panoramic shot showing the amazing colour of Lake Van, and the Armenian Church on Akdamar island.
3000 year-old urartu castle found under lake van in turkey
3000 year-old urartu castle found under lake van in turkey
A long-forgotten fortress dating back 3,000 years has been discovered in Turkey's Lake Van - a find ...
Akdamar Island, Lake Van, Turkey
Surpassed our expectations... We swam in the blue blue lake. It was stunning
Elite World Van, Van, Turkey
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The Mysterious Ancient Legend Of The Van Lake Sea Monster Of Turkey
The mysterious ancient legend of the Van Lake sea monster of Turkey. We take a look at the mysterious ancient legend of the Van Lake sea monster from Turkey.
People all around the world have reported seeing sea monsters. Often these people have given detailed descriptions and this has helped researchers to get an idea of what people are seeing. One such sea monster is said to live in Van Lake.
After erecting a large 4 meter tall statue located near the Van Lake, it became apparent to critics and skeptics that this sea monster had made an impression on the locals.
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Akdamar Island, Church of the Holy Cross, Lake Van, Eastern Turkey
Sourp Khatch, the Church of the Holy Cross, is located on the island of Akdamar in Lake Van, eastern Turkey; it was built as a part of a palace and religious complex between 915 and 921 under the direction of King Gagik Ardzruni by the architect Trdat Mendet (also known as Manuel). Although it is one of the best known examples of Armenian architecture, it is also unique in that there is no comparable example in terms of the reliefs and decorative features that adorn the exterior of the building.
The grace and simplicity of the original structure is superb although it has been somewhat marred by later additions. A chapel was added in 1293 at the south eastern side of the church and dedicated to St. Stepanos and a further chapel was added at the north eastern side by the Catholicos Zakarias I (1296- 1336) in the early 14th century while the section in front of this chapel serves as an entrance. Catholicos Tovmas (Thomas) built an addition at the front of the church producing a lower split level floor plan. At the end of the 18th century a belfry was added over the southern entrance which partly obstructs view of some reliefs. In spite of these later accretions, the church retains its air of grace and timeless simplicity. The reliefs on the exterior of the church, while naive in style, demonstrate great artistry and skill in both their conception and execution. The reliefs cover topics from the Bible as varied as the stories of Jonah and the Whale, David and Goliath, Adam and Eve, Abraham and Isaac and St. George slaying the dragon as well as depictions of Christ in various forms and the Evangelists.
The interior of the church has notable frescoes depicting the life of Christ including the raising of Lazarus and the crucifixion. On the back wall of the church is a depiction of Gagik presenting his church to Christ.
Driving around Lake Van, Turkey
Underwater Fortress Discovered Under Turkish Lake | National Geographic
Deep within Turkey's biggest lake, archaeologists made a fascinating discovery. A 3,000-year-old fortress was found during an underwater excavation of Lake Van.
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The fortress likely comes from the Urartu civilization. The water level of Lake Van was hundreds of meters lower during the Urartian occupation of the lake. As the water level of the lake rose, the fortress was all but forgotten…until now!
Read more about the discovery:
Underwater Fortress Discovered Under Turkish Lake | National Geographic
National Geographic
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Experts Explored This Turkish Lake And Found An Enormous Ancient Artifact Hidden Below The Surface
Experts Explored This Turkish Lake And Found An Enormous Ancient Artifact Hidden Below The Surface
On the shores of a lake in western Turkey, an archaeologist is searching for the remains of an ancient civilization. Less than 200 feet away from his excavation site, however, a secret is hiding underwater – and has been for over 1,000 years. And it’s only in 2014, when surveyors show off aerial images of…
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Lake Van and rail ferry Tatvan to Van and the island Achtamar -TURKEY- 1998
Video of 1998 and 1999, the railway ferry cruise Turkish railways across the lake Van, footage port Tatvan beach at Ahlat, the city of Van, the original town Tuspo island Achtamár.
Železniční vnitrostátní trajekt přes jezero Van je zřejmě druhým nejdelším spojením (po Kaspickém moři) suplující železniční spojení. Kromě nákladních vagónů přepravuje jednou týdně i osobní vozy expresu Van jezdící na lince s úctyhodnou délkou téměř 3000 km z Istanbulu do Teheránu. (V době pořízení tohoto videa -rok 1998 byla osobní doprava z důvodů nepokojů v oblasti zrušena v úseku Elazig -Tatvan a Van-íránská hranice). Přeprava osob v železničním trajektu byla však povolena v kryté nebo otevřené palubě, jízdní řád však nebyl zveřejněn a trajekt odplouval na 4 hodinovou pouť až po naplnění nákladními vagóny.
National railway ferry across Lake Van is probably the second longest connection (the Caspian Sea) substitute rail links. In addition to freight wagons transported once a week and Express Van passenger cars running on the line with a respectable length of almost 3000 km from Istanbul to Tehran. (At the time of acquisition of the video-year 1998 passenger traffic because of disturbances in repealed section in Elazig-Tatvan and Van-Iranian border). Transport of passengers in railway ferry was not allowed in the indoor or open deck, the timetable has not been published and ferry set sail on a 4 hour journey to the fulfillment of freight wagons.
Vanské jezero (Van Gölü) je slané bezodtoké jezero ve východním Turecku a zároveň se svou rozlohou 3755 km čtverečních největším v Turecku. Leží v nadmořské výšce 1719 m.n.m. A je obklopeno horami s nadmořskou výškou přes 4033 metrů (Süphan Dagi)
Je 120 km dlouhé a 80 km široké. Dosahuje maximální hloubky 457 m. , ale hloubka nebyla nikdy spolehlivě zjištěna díky měnícímu se profilu dna sopečnou činností. Z tohoto důvodu se teoreticky může jednat o nejhlubší jezero světa. Voda z jezera obsahuje převážně silně mineralizovaný sodík a žije zde jediný endemický druh ryb. Dle některých pozorovatelů žije v jezeře příšera, která byla nafilmována i vládním úředníkem.
Lake of Van (Van Gölü) is endorheic salt lake in eastern Turkey, while its area of 3755 km² largest in Turkey. It lies at an altitude of 1,719 m.n.m. And is surrounded by mountains with an altitude of over 4,033 meters (Süphan Dagi)
It is 120 km long and 80 km wide. It reaches a maximum depth of 457 m, but the depth has never been reliably detected due to the changing profile of the bottom of the volcanic activity. For this reason, the theory may be the deepest lake in the world. Water from the lake contains mostly heavily mineralized sodium and live here only endemic species of fish. According to some observers, lives in a lake monster that was filmed and government official.