Love Park -- in Philadelphia
Love Park -- in Philadelphia
Love Park, officially known as John F. Kennedy Plaza, is a plaza located in Center City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The park is nicknamed Love Park for its reproduction of Robert Indiana's Love sculpture which overlooks the plaza.
History
Love Park is the brainchild of former Philadelphia City Planner Edmund Bacon and architect Vincent G. Kling. The park is across from City Hall and was designed as a terminus for the Benjamin Franklin Parkway. The park was built in 1965 and covers an underground parking garage. The main features of the plaza are curved granite steps and a single spout fountain added in 1969. What was once the city visitor center (built in 1960, before LOVE Park) was closed down for five years, but opened up in May 2006 as The Fairmount Park Welcome Center.[1] The park was dedicated in 1967 as John F. Kennedy Plaza after President John F. Kennedy.
The park is dedicated to the late United States president John F. Kennedy. A plaque at the park describes the dedication.
A Love sculpture, designed by Robert Indiana, was first placed in the plaza in 1976 as part of the United States' Bicentennial celebration. It was removed in 1978, but the sculpture was missed, and the chairman of Philadelphia Art Commission, Fitz Eugene Dixon Jr., bought the sculpture and permanently placed it in the plaza, in 1978.
While Love Park was undergoing renovation in 2016 and closed to the public the sculpture was housed in City Hall. The refurbished LOVE sculpture was returned on 13 February, 2018
Fairmount Park Welcome Center
Built at the base of the Benjamin Franklin Parkway in 1961 by the Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce, the building actually predated the surrounding Love Park by five years. Informally known as the flying saucer, it was designed by architect Roy Larson of Harbeson, Hough, Livingston & Larson as a futuristic celebration of postwar Philadelphia optimism, attracting visitors to the heart of Penn Center, one of America’s most ambitious experiments in urban renewal. The building survives today as one of the best and most intact examples of flamboyant midcentury modern architecture in Center City Philadelphia and has been determined eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. It is currently closed while being renovated with the rest of the plaza.
The Christmas Village in Philadelphia
The Christmas Village in Philadelphia was formerly held at Dilworth Plaza, on the west flank of City Hall. During the construction on that site of Dilworth Park, the Christmas Village was temporarily relocated to LOVE Park.[citation needed] It is modeled after 16th-century German Christmas Markets, the most famous one being in Nuremberg. Running from Thanksgiving to New Year's Eve, the village attracts thousands in Center City and is one of the most popular holiday events in Philadelphia. Currently, while Love Park is being renovated, the village has moved temporarily back to Dilworth Park for the holidays.
Love Park in Philadelphia Pennsylvania
Happy Valentine's Day from the Love Park in Philadelphia Pennsylvania
Love Park (official name: JFK Plaza) is a plaza located in Center City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The park is nicknamed Love Park for Robert Indiana Love sculpture which overlooks the plaza.
The Love sculpture, designed by Robert Indiana, was first placed in the plaza in 1976 as part of the United States' Bicentennial celebration. It was removed in 1978, but the sculpture was missed and the chairman of Philadelphia Art Commission, F. Eugene Dixon, Jr., bought the sculpture and permanently placed it in the plaza, in 1978.
Robert Indiana was born Robert Clark in New Castle, Indiana.
Valentine's Day which is celebrated on February 14th, can be traced back to Saint Valentine in Rome Italy 269 A.D.
It is believed that Valentine's Day originated from St. Valentine, a Roman who was martyred for refusing to give up Christianity. St. Valentine left a farewell note for the jailer's daughter, who had become his friend, and signed it From Your Valentine.
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Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA North America
USA
04-13-2014
Happy Valentine's Day from the Love Park in Philadelphia Pennsylvania
Happy Valentine's Day from the Love Park in Philadelphia Pennsylvania
Love Park (official name: JFK Plaza) is a plaza located in Center City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The park is nicknamed Love Park for Robert Indiana Love sculpture which overlooks the plaza.
The Love sculpture, designed by Robert Indiana, was first placed in the plaza in 1976 as part of the United States' Bicentennial celebration. It was removed in 1978, but the sculpture was missed and the chairman of Philadelphia Art Commission, F. Eugene Dixon, Jr., bought the sculpture and permanently placed it in the plaza, in 1978.
Robert Indiana was born Robert Clark in New Castle, Indiana.
Valentine's Day which is celebrated on February 14th, can be traced back to Saint Valentine in Rome Italy 269 A.D.
It is believed that Valentine's Day originated from St. Valentine, a Roman who was martyred for refusing to give up Christianity. St. Valentine left a farewell note for the jailer's daughter, who had become his friend, and signed it From Your Valentine.
For more information on LOVE Park visit:
HD Video
Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA North America
USA
04-13-2014
Philadelphia - City Of Brotherly Love
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Philadelphia, March-April 2017, Driving with GoPro Hero 5
Филадельфия, Март-Апрель 2017, автомобильная поездка, камера GoPro Hero 5, монтаж iMovie, MacBookPro
When naming a newborn, you feel the weight of the decision, the fond hope that the right name might provide a push along a hoped-for path.
Even as names seek to nudge destiny, sometimes they merely set up irony: Faith, the fiery atheist; Victor, the embittered failure.
We can’t know all the thoughts that coursed through William Penn’s mind when he chose Philadelphia as the name for his new city, tucked onto the peninsula between the Delaware River and the Schuylkill. What we do know is that he chose boldly, aiming for the vault of heaven, daring irony to strike. The name he gave his city combined the Greek words for love (phileo) and brother (adelphos), setting up the enduring civic nickname: the City of Brotherly Love. Then Penn gave his city a street grid, a charter and a diplomatic first act that he hoped would enable it to live up to that name.
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Our visit to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Philly The city of brotherly love!
Philadelphia, which is Greek for brotherly love (from Philos, love or friendship, and Delphos, brother) Founded by William Penn, Penn As a Quaker, Penn had experienced religious persecution and wanted his colony to be a place where anyone could worship freely.
With centuries of culture and personality built up, the breathing city of Philadelphia exemplifies “brotherly or sisterly love” in its own fashion. Its sports fans are known to be the most loyal and passionate in the business, while it’s often a tough love, it’s a love for sure. The music in Philadelphia is one of a kind, and it’s developed historically standout sounds in the hip-hop and indie rock spaces. On top of it all, Philly is a city that shares its cheesesteaks, art museums, festivals, and personalities with all of its visitors, just like a sibling you grew up alongside.
Philadelphia is the largest city in Pennsylvania and, at the time of the American Revolution, was the largest and most important city in America. Founded by William Penn as a place of religious tolerance, its spirit infused the early steps towards independence.
The first European settlers on the site were Swedes, who established a community at the mouth of the Schuykill not later than 1643. England, however, established its control over the entire region, and in 1681, King Charles II made William Penn a grant of land that became Pennsylvania.
An advance group was sent that year, and Penn followed in 1682. They established Philadelphia in the southeast corner of the colony, following a plan for the town's development. Philadephia's guiding principle was tolerance towards all faiths. Philadelphia attracted people from all over Europe, with such Quakers as Penn especially well represented. The city developed a thriving trade with the West Indies and soon became the largest and most important city in the colonies. It received its city charter in 1701.
Philadelphia's most famous citizen in the 18th century was Benjamin Franklin, widely considered to be one of that century's foremost scientists, in addition to one of the guiding lights of the Revolution. The First and Second Continental congresses were held in Philadelphia, and the city served as the nation's unofficial capital throughout the War of Independence, except for the period between September 26, 1777, and June 18, 1778, when it was held by the British. Following the war, the convention that produced the Constitution (text) was held in Philadelphia.
By the time of the first census in 1790, New York had passed Philadelphia in size. During the first half of the 19th century, important suburbs grew up around Philadelphia, including Kensington, Moyamensing, Northern Liberties, Southwark, and Spring Garden, which ranked among the country's top 100 places in the national census.
By mid-century, Philadelphia had dropped to fourth place in population. In 1854, the Pennsylvania legislature redrew the boundaries of Philadelphia to include the entire county, which boosted the city's population back to second. It held that position until overtaken by Chicago in the census of 1890.
In 1876, Philadelphia hosted one of the country's first international expositions, to commemorate the centennial of the Declaration of Independence. Held at Fairmont Park from May 10 to November 10, the exposition displayed industries from 50 countries.
Philadelphia, cradle of America's dream of freedom, is home to the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution (narrative), great documents that cried out, “Let Freedom Ring, like the Liberty Bell. Amidst the ordinary citizens of Philadelphia, gathered in the humble Carpenter's Hall on Chestnut Street, the Colonial Fathers gave voice and life to those freedoms at the First Continental Congress.
Many historic sites in Philadelphia have been restored or rebuilt to help preserve the nation’s heritage as a free people. Providing fitting homage to these places, a place of hallowed ground was sanctified, the Independence National Historical Park. On these grounds is Independence Hall, where the Declaration and the Constitution reside. The home of Betsy Ross still stands on Arch Street.
Philadelphia also is one of America's leading cultural centers. The University of Philadelphia, established in 1740, occupies a 120-acre campus in West Philadelphia. The Academy of Natural Science, the oldest institution of its kind in America, was founded in 1805. The Philadelphia Zoo, the oldest zoological garden in the nation, houses 1,600 rare and exotic animals. The Philadelphia Museum of Art, founded in 1876, displays some of the world's finest Impressionist art. Philadelphia's own Washington Monument stands in front of the art museum as if to guard the collections within.
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Around Philadelphia - City of Brotherly Love | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Around Philadelphia - City of Brotherly Love | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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A visit to the historic city of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania. Its the 5th most populous city in United States. I take a walk at downtown to city center, where the city hall is located, then walk down to the LOVE park. After that I walk through boulevard that has flags from counties all over the world, until I end in Philadelphia Art Museum, where the famous stairs that Rocky ran up are located. Philadelphia should be in your bucket list of cities to visit in USA. Please feel free to leave me a comment, like, share, and subscribe.
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#Philadelphia #cityofbrotherlylove
Visit Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.: Things to do in Philadelphia - The City of Brotherly Love
Visit Philadelphia - Top 10 Things which can be done in Philadelphia. What you can visit in Philadelphia - Most visited touristic attractions of Philadelphia
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01. Philadelphia Museum of Art
Among the largest art museums in the United States. Has collections of more than 227,000 objects that include world-class holdings of European and American paintings, prints, drawings, and decorative arts.
02. Liberty Bell
A iconic symbol of American independence. Philadelphia's city bell had been used to alert the public to proclamations or civic danger since the city's 1682 founding.
03. Philadelphia Zoo
The first zoo in the United States. Is 42 acres. Home to more than 1,300 animals, many of which are rare and endangered. Features a children's zoo, a paddleboat lake, a rainforest themed carousel, and many interactive and educational exhibits.
04. Independence National Historical Park
A United States National Park. Has been nicknamed America's most historic square mile because of its abundance of historic landmarks.
05. Benjamin Franklin Parkway
A scenic boulevard that runs through the cultural heart of Philadelphia. Some of the city's most famous sights are here: Basilica of Sts. Peter and Paul, Swann Memorial Fountain, the Free Library of Philadelphia.
06. Mütter Museum
A medical museum located in the Center City area, Contains a collection of medical oddities, anatomical and pathological specimens, wax models, and antique medical equipment.
07. Rocky Steps
72 stone steps before the entrance of the Philadelphia Museum of Art. Have become known as a result of their appearance in the triple-Oscar-winning film Rocky and four of its sequels.
08. Fort Mifflin
Originally called Fort Island Battery and also known as Mud Island Fort, was commissioned in 1771 and sits on Mud Island (or Deep Water Island) on the Delaware River.
09. Franklin Square
One of the five original open-space parks planned by William Penn when he laid out the city. It is located in the Center City area, between North 6th and 7th Streets, and between Race Street and the Vine Street Expressway.
10. Please Touch Museum
A children's museum. The museum focuses on teaching children through interactive exhibits and special events, mostly aimed at children seven years old and younger.
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philadelphia's Love park
its philadelphia love park. the park and sign was designed by actor Kevin bacons father. ..... (11/14/12)
Philadelphia, Love Park, Statue, Fountain
Philadelphia, Love Park, Statue, Fountain, This clip is available for licensing from MyFootage.com - Call us at (212) 620-3955 - Please Subscribe to our channel, as we are constantly adding new clips. Thanks!
LOVE PARK {The Love Fountain} PHILADELPHIA, PA
The Love Park fountain is often dyed colors throughout the year to commemorate or celebrate events. Regular colors have included:
Pink - kickoff for breast cancer awareness month (annually in October)
Blue - commemoration of police officer fatalities
Green - in honor of the Philadelphia Phillies winning the World Series, Phanatic Green (October 29, 2008) Also to support the Philadelphia Eagles in 2011.[2]
Red - marketing event for Showtime's Dexter television series[3]
Purple - Lupus Awareness[4]
The statue of LOVE at love park in philadelphia, pa... #1
The famous love sign at love park. The famous philadelphia LOVE statue was design by actor Kevin Bacon father Mr Bacon. He also help design love park. The lOVE statute is across from philadelphia City hall. This is part 1 ... (12/22/10)
William Penn Peace Treaty Park in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Tour of William Penn Peace Treaty Park located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA. Beautiful, peaceful and relaxing park location in city of Brotherly Love Philly, PA. It's a tribute to Quaker ideals William Penn personified. In my documentary see an artist painting, fishing, Delaware River and Ben Franklin Bridge. Area is part of Penn's Historical Landing in United States of America. United We Stand, Divided We Fall. It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia!
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A crazy motorcycle show in Philly
Philadelphia City Hall, Pennsylvania United States of America
Center City Downtown Philadelphia 2019 Day + Night Drone Video
Center City is the second most-polulated downtown district in the United States at more than 200,000 residents. It features world-renown neighborhoods, like Chinatown, the French Quarter, Logan Square and Society Hill. Iconic sites in this district include Love Park, Friendship Gate, Cathedral of Saint Peters and Paul and the Reading Terminal Market. To see more iconic sites in this area, click here:
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Philly's 'Love Park' Officially Reopens Wednesday
After getting some much-needed love, Philadelphia’s Love Park officially re-opens Wednesday.
The 5 Best Places To Live In Pennsylvania, And Why | US Travel Guide
The 5 Best Places To Live In Pennsylvania, USA
A vast state like Pennsylvania can be overwhelming to a potential resident. Where are the best towns located? We’ve done some research to discover where the best places to live in Pennsylvania are. If you disagree, feel free to battle it out in the comments below.
To determine our list, we looked at four main attributes: affordability, safety, fun, and school districts. Here five places to live in Pennsylvania, United States.
1. Philadelphia
2. Pittsburgh
3. State College
4. Bethlehem
5. Emmaus
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Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, North America
Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the second largest city on the East Coast of the United States, and the fifth-most-populous city in the United States. It is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers, and it is the only consolidated city-county in Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 Census, the city had a population of 1,526,006, growing to 1,547,607 in 2012 by Census estimates. Philadelphia is the economic and cultural center of the Delaware Valley, home to over 6 million people and the country's sixth-largest metropolitan area. Within the Delaware Valley, the Philadelphia metropolitan division consists of five counties in Pennsylvania and has a population of 4,008,994. Popular nicknames for Philadelphia are Philly and The City of Brotherly Love, the latter of which comes from the literal meaning of the city's name in Greek, Modern Greek: brotherly love, compounded from philos loving, and adelphos. In 1682, William Penn founded the city to serve as capital of Pennsylvania Colony. By the 1750s, Philadelphia had surpassed Boston to become the largest city and busiest port in British America, and second in the British Empire, behind London. During the American Revolution, Philadelphia played an instrumental role as a meeting place for the Founding Fathers of the United States, who signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the Constitution in 1787. Philadelphia was one of the nation's capitals during the Revolutionary War, and the city served as the temporary U.S. capital while Washington, D.C., was under construction. During the 19th century, Philadelphia became a major industrial center and railroad hub that grew from an influx of European immigrants. It became a prime destination for African Americans during the Great Migration and surpassed two million occupants by 1950. The city is the center of economic activity in Pennsylvania, and is home to the Philadelphia Stock Exchange and several Fortune 500 companies. Philadelphia is known for its arts and culture. The cheesesteak and soft pretzel are emblematic of Philadelphia cuisine, which is shaped by the city's ethnic mix. The city has more outdoor sculptures and murals than any other American city, and Philadelphia's Fairmount Park is the largest landscaped urban park in the world. Gentrification of Philadelphia's neighborhoods continues into the 21st century and the city has reversed its decades-long trend of population loss. The city is the center of economic activity in Pennsylvania and is home to seven Fortune 1000 companies. The Philadelphia skyline is growing, with several nationally prominent skyscrapers. It is also known for its arts, culture, and history, which attracted over 39 million domestic tourists in 2013. The city has more outdoor sculptures and murals than any other American city, and Philadelphia's Fairmount Park is the largest landscaped urban park in the world. The 67 National Historic Landmarks in the city helped account for the $10 billion generated by tourism. Philadelphia is the birthplace of the United States Marine Corps, and is also the home of many US firsts, including the first library (1731), first hospital (1751) and medical school (1765), first Capitol (1777), first stock exchange (1790), first zoo (1874), and first business school (1881). Philadelphia's central city was created in the 17th century following the plan by William Penn's surveyor Thomas Holme. Center City is structured with long straight streets running east-west and north-south forming a grid pattern. The original city plan was designed to allow for easy travel and to keep residences separated by open space that would help prevent the spread of fire. The Delaware River and Schuylkill Rivers served as early boundaries between which the city's early street plan was kept within. In addition, Penn planned the creation of five public parks in the city which were renamed in 1824 (in parenthesis): Centre Square, North East Publick Square (Franklin Square), Northwest Square (Logan Square), Southwest Square (Rittenhouse Square), and Southeast Square (Washington Square). Philadelphia's neighborhoods are divided into large sections North, Northeast, Northwest, West, South and Southwest Philadelphia all of which surround Center City, which corresponds closely with the city's limits before consolidation in 1854. Each of these large areas contains numerous neighborhoods, some of whose boundaries derive from the boroughs, townships, and other communities that made up Philadelphia County before their absorption into the city. The City Planning Commission, tasked with guiding growth and development of the city, has divided the city into 18 planning districts as part of the Philadelphia2035 physical development plan. Much of the city's 1980 zoning code was overhauled from 2007-2012 as part of a joint effort between Major John F. Street and Michael Nutter.
LOVE Park/JFK Plaza Philadelphia
LOVE Park is the brainchild of former Philadelphia City Planner Edmund Bacon and architect Vincent Kling. The park is across from City Hall and was designed as a terminus for the Benjamin Franklin Parkway. The park, which was designed by Vincent Kling, was built in 1965 and covers an underground parking garage. The main features of the plaza are curved granite steps and a single spout fountain which was added in 1969. What was once the city visitor center was closed down for five years, but opened up in May 2006 as The Fairmount Park Welcome Center. The park was dedicated in 1967 as John F. Kennedy Plaza after President John F. Kennedy.
The now famous LOVE sculpture, designed by Robert Indiana, was first placed in the plaza in 1976 as part of the United States' Bicentennial celebration. It was removed in 1978, but the sculpture was missed and the chairman of Philadelphia Art Commission, F. Eugene Dixon, Jr., bought the sculpture and permanently placed it in the plaza.
Take in an entirely new view of Philadelphia | Four Seasons Hotel Philadelphia at Comcast Center
In a city where history inspires and culture captivates, you’ll discover the best of Philadelphia from high atop the city skyline.
On the uppermost floors of what is now the city’s tallest building and 10th highest in the United States, the all-new Four Seasons Hotel Philadelphia at Comcast Center is now open – and taking its place amid the world’s finest hospitality experiences.
Art and Technology Come Together in Philadelphia. The entire Comcast Center building and the interiors and furnishings of Four Seasons Hotel Philadelphia have been designed by world-renowned architect Norman Foster of Foster + Partners, who has effectively redefined the skyline of one of the country’s most historic cities. Inside, Artistic Director Jeff Leatham has created stunning floral art in his signature style. His designs are found throughout the property from the ground floor entry to the 60th floor Hotel lobby.
The World at One’s Feet: Beautiful Rooms, Stunning Views. At Four Seasons Hotel Philadelphia, which is located between the building’s 48th and 60th stories, every one of 180 rooms and 39 suites boasts unobstructed floor-to-ceiling views of the city and beyond.
Taking the Dining Experience to New Heights. Michelin starred Chef Jean-Georges Vongerichten has chosen Four Seasons for his Philadelphia debut, literally taking his place at the top of the city’s dining scene with the 59th floor Jean-Georges Philadelphia restaurant and the 60th floor JG SkyHigh cocktail bar.
Greg Vernick is also part of the Four Seasons culinary team as he unveils Vernick Fish, conceived as a modern American oyster bar open to the street. Expect the unexpected in the James Beard Award winning Chef’s imaginative global flavour combinations, with well-crafted cocktails and wines enhancing the lunch and dinner menu.
An Oasis for Mind and Body. The Hotel’s 57th floor is a haven of health and wellness that includes an enormous indoor pool that “spills” into the sky; a state-of-the-art fitness centre in partnership with celebrity training guru and Four Seasons Global Fitness Advisor Harley Pasternak; a wellness boutique; and the seven-treatment room Spa at Four Seasons.
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Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, North America
Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the second largest city on the East Coast of the United States, and the fifth-most-populous city in the United States. It is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers, and it is the only consolidated city-county in Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 Census, the city had a population of 1,526,006, growing to 1,547,607 in 2012 by Census estimates. Philadelphia is the economic and cultural center of the Delaware Valley, home to over 6 million people and the country's sixth-largest metropolitan area. Within the Delaware Valley, the Philadelphia metropolitan division consists of five counties in Pennsylvania and has a population of 4,008,994. Popular nicknames for Philadelphia are Philly and The City of Brotherly Love, the latter of which comes from the literal meaning of the city's name in Greek, Modern Greek: brotherly love, compounded from philos loving, and adelphos. In 1682, William Penn founded the city to serve as capital of Pennsylvania Colony. By the 1750s, Philadelphia had surpassed Boston to become the largest city and busiest port in British America, and second in the British Empire, behind London. During the American Revolution, Philadelphia played an instrumental role as a meeting place for the Founding Fathers of the United States, who signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the Constitution in 1787. Philadelphia was one of the nation's capitals during the Revolutionary War, and the city served as the temporary U.S. capital while Washington, D.C., was under construction. During the 19th century, Philadelphia became a major industrial center and railroad hub that grew from an influx of European immigrants. It became a prime destination for African Americans during the Great Migration and surpassed two million occupants by 1950. The city is the center of economic activity in Pennsylvania, and is home to the Philadelphia Stock Exchange and several Fortune 500 companies. Philadelphia is known for its arts and culture. The cheesesteak and soft pretzel are emblematic of Philadelphia cuisine, which is shaped by the city's ethnic mix. The city has more outdoor sculptures and murals than any other American city, and Philadelphia's Fairmount Park is the largest landscaped urban park in the world. Gentrification of Philadelphia's neighborhoods continues into the 21st century and the city has reversed its decades-long trend of population loss. The city is the center of economic activity in Pennsylvania and is home to seven Fortune 1000 companies. The Philadelphia skyline is growing, with several nationally prominent skyscrapers. It is also known for its arts, culture, and history, which attracted over 39 million domestic tourists in 2013. The city has more outdoor sculptures and murals than any other American city, and Philadelphia's Fairmount Park is the largest landscaped urban park in the world. The 67 National Historic Landmarks in the city helped account for the $10 billion generated by tourism. Philadelphia is the birthplace of the United States Marine Corps, and is also the home of many US firsts, including the first library (1731), first hospital (1751) and medical school (1765), first Capitol (1777), first stock exchange (1790), first zoo (1874), and first business school (1881). Philadelphia's central city was created in the 17th century following the plan by William Penn's surveyor Thomas Holme. Center City is structured with long straight streets running east-west and north-south forming a grid pattern. The original city plan was designed to allow for easy travel and to keep residences separated by open space that would help prevent the spread of fire. The Delaware River and Schuylkill Rivers served as early boundaries between which the city's early street plan was kept within. In addition, Penn planned the creation of five public parks in the city which were renamed in 1824 (in parenthesis): Centre Square, North East Publick Square (Franklin Square), Northwest Square (Logan Square), Southwest Square (Rittenhouse Square), and Southeast Square (Washington Square). Philadelphia's neighborhoods are divided into large sections—North, Northeast, Northwest, West, South and Southwest Philadelphia all of which surround Center City, which corresponds closely with the city's limits before consolidation in 1854. Each of these large areas contains numerous neighborhoods, some of whose boundaries derive from the boroughs, townships, and other communities that made up Philadelphia County before their absorption into the city. The City Planning Commission, tasked with guiding growth and development of the city, has divided the city into 18 planning districts as part of the Philadelphia2035 physical development plan. Much of the city's 1980 zoning code was overhauled from 2007-2012 as part of a joint effort between Major John F. Street and Michael Nutter.