Slovenian military museum with new exsibition artikle.
Slovenian Military museum tanks from II WW to modern days. Slovenian submarine.
Air Policing over Slovenia
War | U.S. PARATROOPERS IN SLOVENIA ♦ DAY & NIGHT LIVE-FIRE EXERCISES
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Memorial to Austro-Hungarian Slovenian officer unveiled in Austria
Memorial to Austro-Hungarian Slovenian officer unveiled in Austria
Graz/Maribor, 9 July - A memorial to Slovenian Major Andrej Komel (1829-1892), credited as the father of Slovenian military terminology, was unveiled at St. Peter's cemetery in Austria's Graz, followed by the launched of an exhibition put up by the Military Museum of the Slovenian Army in Maribor. The rest of this news item is available to subscribers. The news item consists of 1.523 characters (without spaces) or 311 words words. Buy the news item. Price: 2 tokens; on account: 0 tokens.
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140th Wing - Slovenia Exercise Related Construction 2015
In 2015, the Colorado National Guard sent civil engineers and construction engineers to Colorado's SPP partner, Slovenia, to build an office inside an old stable at Bled. Led by the Colorado Air National Guard's 140th Wing CE, the Army sent soldiers too. This is what they did.
Dan odprtih vrat Vojašnica Pivka 2011
Dan slovenske vojske
Dan odprtih vrat vojašnica Pivka 2011
vožnja s tankom T-84
Slovenian hotel discovers communist era spy den
(11 Aug 2019) LEAD IN
Have you ever wondered what it would have been like to holiday in Communist run Former Yugoslavia?
Well now a famous hotel in Slovenia's Postojna region has uncovered a spy den, hidden away since the fall of communism and opened it to the public.
STORY-LINE
This secret surveillance room is testament to a more sinister past in Slovenia's Postojna region.
The listening devices date to the Communist-era, where locals and visitors were closely monitored.
Unbeknownst to hotel employees, these windowless hidden rooms were lying dormant in the midst of the bustling hotel.
Old maps still lie on the dusty tables along with plastic cable phones and lamps. On the walls, buttons and black cables stand alongside switchboards used once to transfer calls or report enemy movement.
This equipment here was used to coordinate certain actions, military actions, to collect the information from the field where maybe the enemy was coming or something like that, and was also used to communicate between the top officials of the government, top politicians, civil protection and military. And this was actually the main reason for the existence of this equipment here, says Nikola Simic a retired expert for telecommunications.
The region is a tourist hotspot due to the Postojna cave being located by the hotel.
Renovation work in 2016 revealed more than the hotel workers bargained for.
During renovation only one door remained unopened. Nobody wanted to open that door, not even the national telecom operator, so we opened them by force. We found out that in hotel Jama there existed parallel world, a world of eavesdropping, says Postojna Cave and Jama hotel CEO Marjan Batagelj
Postojna was a strategic point for Yugoslavia. Postojna was the easiest route from Western Europe to the East. Also Postojna cave was the most visited site in Eastern Europe. Some statesmen visited Postojna cave, a lot of tourists, alot of information was available, he says.
This four star hotel first opened its doors during the height of Communism in 1971. As one of the best hotels in the region it attracted numerous and often prestigious clients.
Whomever made these original hotel plans made sure that the rooms were not drawn in.
Today you can ride the underground train in Postojna Cave with little worry that your visit might be monitored closer than you had imagined. It was a very different story in the 1980s.
It was a little bit of a conspiracy. So when you start to work and you see that people are around and you don't know practically who they are, yeah, you start to be a little bit suspicious but you don't mind. You don't want to know, you just turn your head and perhaps that was the moment that has to remain in that period because we have changed, we changed everything and today it's a little more funny to be here perhaps. But in that period, yeah, I can confirm in the hotel people I didn't know, not guests, people who I supposed should work there but I don't know what, says Saso Adam, tourist guide who worked at the cave and hotel in 80s.
It is thought that the State Security Administration or UDBA of former Yugoslavia were using Postojna as a strategic location. Now a European Union and NATO member, Slovenia was part of the six-member Communist-run Yugoslav federation until it gained independence in 1991. The Yugoslav secret police persecuted critics and political opponents during the Cold War era.
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Vojaški muzej Slovenske vojske
Za vse ljubitelje in poznavalce vojaške zgodovine je ogled Vojaškega muzeja Slovenske vojske zagotovo nekaj posebnega in vznemirljivega. V muzeju si je namreč mogoče v stalnih zbirkah in na razstavah ogledati številne eksponate, ki imajo veliko muzealsko in zgodovinsko vrednost.
Yugoslavia in World War II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:22 1 Background
00:05:44 2 1941
00:06:26 2.1 Invasion
00:09:24 2.2 Early resistance
00:18:43 3 1942
00:21:35 4 1943
00:21:44 4.1 Critical Axis offensives
00:25:02 4.2 Italian capitulation and Allied support for the Partisans
00:29:02 5 1944
00:29:11 5.1 Last Axis offensive
00:29:49 5.2 Partisan growth to domination
00:32:22 5.3 Allied advances in Romania and Bulgaria
00:34:41 5.4 Liberation of Belgrade and eastern Yugoslavia
00:36:38 6 1945
00:38:09 6.1 Partisan general offensive
00:45:22 6.2 Final operations
00:47:13 6.3 Aftermath
00:50:37 7 Casualties
00:50:46 7.1 Yugoslav casualties
00:58:36 7.2 German casualties
00:59:26 7.3 Italian casualties
01:00:30 8 See also
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Speaking Rate: 0.8439500817400202
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Military operations in World War II in Yugoslavia began on 6 April 1941, when the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was swiftly conquered by Axis forces and partitioned between Germany, Italy, Hungary, Bulgaria and client regimes. Subsequently, a guerrilla liberation war was fought against the Axis occupying forces and their locally established puppet regimes, including the fascist Independent State of Croatia and the Government of National Salvation in the German-occupied territory of Serbia, by the Communist-led republican Yugoslav Partisans. Simultaneously, a multi-side civil war was waged between the Yugoslav communist Partisans, the Serbian royalist Chetniks, the Croatian fascist Ustashe and Home Guard, Serbian Volunteer Corps and State Guard, as well as Slovene Home Guard troops.Both the Yugoslav Partisans and the Chetnik movement initially resisted the occupation. However, after 1941, Chetniks extensively and systematically collaborated with the Italian occupation forces until the Italian capitulation, and thereon also with German and Ustashe forces. The Axis mounted a series of offensives intended to destroy the Partisans, coming close to doing so in the Battle of Neretva and Battle of Sutjeska in the spring and summer of 1943.
Despite the setbacks, the Partisans remained a credible fighting force, with their organization gaining recognition from the Western Allies at the Tehran Conference and laying the foundations for the post-war Yugoslav state. With support in logistics and air power from the Western Allies, and Soviet ground troops in the Belgrade Offensive, the Partisans eventually gained control of the entire country and of the border regions of Trieste and Carinthia.
The human cost of the war was enormous. The number of war victims is still in dispute, but is generally agreed to have been at least one million. Non-combat victims included the majority of the country's Jewish population, many of whom perished in concentration and extermination camps (e.g. Jasenovac, Banjica) run by the client regimes.
The Ustashe regime (mostly Croats, but also Muslims and others) committed genocide against Serbs, Jews, Roma and anti-Fascist Croats. The Chetniks (mostly Serbs, but also Montenegrins and others) pursued genocideagainst Muslims, Croats and Pro-Partisan Serbs, and the Italian occupation authorities pursued violence and ethnic cleansing (Italianization) against Slovenes and Croats. The Wehrmacht carried out mass executions of civilians in retaliation for resistance activity e.g., the Kragujevac massacre. SS Division Prinz Eugen massacred large numbers of civilians and prisoners of war. Hungarian occupation troops massacred civilians (mostly Serbs and Jews) during a major raid in southern Bačka, under the pretext of suppressing resistance activities.
Finally, during and after the final stages of the war, Yugoslav authorities and Partisan troops carried out reprisals, including the deportation of the Danube Swabian population, forced marches and executions of thousands of captured soldiers and ...
World War II in Yugoslavia
Military operations in World War II on the territory of Yugoslavia started on 6 April 1941, when the kingdom was swiftly conquered by Axis forces and partitioned between Germany, Italy, Hungary, Bulgaria and client regimes. Subsequently, a guerrilla liberation war was fought against the Axis occupying forces and their locally established puppet regimes, including the Independent State of Croatia and the Government of National Salvation in Serbia, by the Communist-led republican Yugoslav Partisans. Simultaneously, a multi-side civil war was waged between the Partisans, the Serbian royalist Chetnik movement, Croatian nationalist Ustaše and Home Guard, as well as Slovene Home Guard troops.
Both the Yugoslav Partisans and the Chetnik movement initially resisted the occupation. However, after 1941, Chetniks extensively and systematically collaborated with the Italian occupation forces until the Italian capitulation, and thereon also with German and Ustaše forces. The Axis mounted a series of offensives intended to destroy the Partisans, coming close to doing so in winter and spring of 1943. Despite the setbacks, the Partisans remained a credible fighting force, gaining recognition from the Western Allies and laying the foundations for the post-war Yugoslav state. With support in logistics and air power from the Western Allies, and Soviet ground troops in the Belgrade Offensive, the Partisans eventually gained control of the entire country and of border regions of Italy and Austria.
This video is targeted to blind users.
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Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
Часть 19. Город Любляна. Part 19. City Ljubljana
Картографические данные: Google, DigitalGlobe
Map data : Google, DigitalGlobe
Видео создано на основе дорожных панорам и Карт Google
Videos created on the basis of road panoramas and Google Maps
Субтитры к данному видео опубликованы по материалам статей из Википедии.
Лицензия: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported
Ссылки
Subtitles for this video posted on the articles from Wikipedia.
License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported
Links:
___________________________________________________________________
ВИРТУАЛЬНОЕ ПУТЕШЕСТВИЕ С УКРАИНЫ В ИРЛАНДИЮ
Часть 19. Город Любляна (Словения). Part 19. City Ljubljana (Slovenia)
Это бы Вы увидели, находясь за рулём своего автомобиля, проезжая через город Любляна
___________________________________________________________________
СПРАВКА:
Любляна — это столица Словении. Город расположен на реке Любляница.
Население Любляны составляет 260 тысяч человек.
Более подробно о городе и его истории читайте здесь!
ПУТЕШЕСТВУЕМ ДОРОГАМИ И ГОРОДАМИ СЛОВЕНИИ!
___________________________________________________________________
Канал Otto Bismark
___________________________________________________________________
Подпишись на интересный канал!
Жми на палец вверх!
Оставляй своё мнение в комментариях!
___________________________________________________________________
Следите за каналом! Спасибо!
Yugoslavia during World War II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:47 1 Background
00:08:04 2 1941
00:09:01 2.1 Invasion
00:13:08 2.2 Early resistance
00:26:10 3 1942
00:30:10 4 1943
00:30:20 4.1 Critical Axis offensives
00:34:56 4.2 Italian capitulation and Allied support for the Partisans
00:40:33 5 1944
00:40:43 5.1 Last Axis offensive
00:41:33 5.2 Partisan growth to domination
00:45:06 5.3 Allied advances in Romania and Bulgaria
00:48:17 5.4 Liberation of Belgrade and eastern Yugoslavia
00:50:58 6 1945
00:53:03 6.1 Partisan general offensive
01:03:05 6.2 Final operations
01:05:39 6.3 Aftermath
01:10:20 7 Casualties
01:10:30 7.1 Yugoslav casualties
01:21:30 7.2 German casualties
01:22:38 7.3 Italian casualties
01:24:05 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7405097993921315
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Military operations in World War II in Yugoslavia began on 6 April 1941, when the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was swiftly conquered by Axis forces and partitioned between Germany, Italy, Hungary, Bulgaria and client regimes. Subsequently, a guerrilla liberation war was fought against the Axis occupying forces and their locally established puppet regimes, including the fascist Independent State of Croatia and the Government of National Salvation in the German-occupied territory of Serbia, by the Communist-led republican Yugoslav Partisans. Simultaneously, a multi-side civil war was waged between the Yugoslav communist Partisans, the Serbian royalist Chetniks, the Croatian fascist Ustashe and Home Guard, Serbian Volunteer Corps and State Guard, as well as Slovene Home Guard troops.Both the Yugoslav Partisans and the Chetnik movement initially resisted the occupation. However, after 1941, Chetniks extensively and systematically collaborated with the Italian occupation forces until the Italian capitulation, and thereon also with German and Ustashe forces. The Axis mounted a series of offensives intended to destroy the Partisans, coming close to doing so in the Battle of Neretva and Battle of Sutjeska in the spring and summer of 1943.
Despite the setbacks, the Partisans remained a credible fighting force, with their organization gaining recognition from the Western Allies at the Tehran Conference and laying the foundations for the post-war Yugoslav state. With support in logistics and air power from the Western Allies, and Soviet ground troops in the Belgrade Offensive, the Partisans eventually gained control of the entire country and of the border regions of Trieste and Carinthia.
The human cost of the war was enormous. The number of war victims is still in dispute, but is generally agreed to have been at least one million. Non-combat victims included the majority of the country's Jewish population, many of whom perished in concentration and extermination camps (e.g. Jasenovac, Banjica) run by the client regimes.
The Ustashe regime (mostly Croats, but also Muslims and others) committed genocide against Serbs, Jews, Roma and anti-Fascist Croats. The Chetniks (mostly Serbs, but also Montenegrins and others) pursued genocideagainst Muslims, Croats and Pro-Partisan Serbs, and the Italian occupation authorities pursued violence and ethnic cleansing (Italianization) against Slovenes and Croats. The Wehrmacht carried out mass executions of civilians in retaliation for resistance activity e.g., the Kragujevac massacre. SS Division Prinz Eugen massacred large numbers of civilians and prisoners of war. Hungarian occupation troops massacred civilians (mostly Serbs and Jews) during a major raid in southern Bačka, under the pretext of suppressing resistance activities.
Finally, during and after the final stages of the war, Yugoslav authorities and Partisan troops carried out reprisals, including the deportation of the Danube Swabian population, forced marches and executions of thousands of captured soldiers and ...
Slovenia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Slovenia
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Slovenia ( ( listen) sloh-VEE-nee-ə; Slovene: Slovenija [slɔˈʋèːnija]), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: Republika Slovenija , abbr.: RS), is a country located in southern Central Europe at the crossroads of the main European cultural and trade routes. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest. It covers 20,273 square kilometers (7,827 sq mi) and has a population of 2.07 million. One of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, Slovenia is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO. The capital and largest city is Ljubljana.Slovenia is mostly mountainous with a mainly continental climate, with the exception of the Slovene Littoral, which has a sub-Mediterranean climate, and the northwest, which has an Alpine climate. Additionally, the Dinaric Alps and the Pannonian Plain meet on the territory of Slovenia. The country, marked by a significant biological diversity, is one of the most water-rich in Europe, with a dense river network, a rich aquifer system, and significant karst underground watercourses. Over half of the territory is covered by forest. The human settlement of Slovenia is dispersed and uneven.Slovenia has historically been the crossroads of Slavic, Germanic, and Romance languages and cultures. Although the population is not homogeneous, the majority is Slovene. The South Slavic language Slovene is the official language throughout the country. Slovenia is a largely secularized country, but its culture and identity have been significantly influenced by Catholicism as well as Lutheranism. The economy of Slovenia is small, open and export-oriented and has been strongly influenced by international conditions. It has been severely hurt by the Eurozone crisis, started in the late 2000s. The main economic field is services, followed by industry and construction.Historically, the current territory of Slovenia was part of many different states, including the Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Carolingian Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, the Habsburg Monarchy, Republic of Venice, French-administered Illyrian Provinces of Napoleon I., Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary. In October 1918, the Slovenes exercised self-determination for the first time by co-founding the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs. In December 1918, they merged with the Kingdom of Serbia into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929).
During World War II, Slovenia was occupied and annexed by Germany, Italy, and Hungary, with a tiny area transferred to the Independent State of Croatia, a Nazi puppet state. Afterward, it was a founding member of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, later renamed the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, a communist state which was initially allied with the Eastern Bloc, but later founded the Non-Aligned Movement. In June 1991, after the introduction of multi-party representative democracy, Slovenia split from Yugoslavia and became an independent country. In 2004, it entered NATO and the European Union; in 2007 became the first formerly communist country to join the Eurozone; and in 2010 joined the OECD, a global association of high-income developed countries.
Slovenia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Slovenia
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Slovenia ( ( listen) sloh-VEE-nee-ə; Slovene: Slovenija [slɔˈʋèːnija]), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: Republika Slovenija , abbr.: RS), is a country located in southern Central Europe at the crossroads of the main European cultural and trade routes. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest. It covers 20,273 square kilometers (7,827 sq mi) and has a population of 2.07 million. One of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, Slovenia is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO. The capital and largest city is Ljubljana.Slovenia is mostly mountainous with a mainly continental climate, with the exception of the Slovene Littoral, which has a sub-Mediterranean climate, and the northwest, which has an Alpine climate. Additionally, the Dinaric Alps and the Pannonian Plain meet on the territory of Slovenia. The country, marked by a significant biological diversity, is one of the most water-rich in Europe, with a dense river network, a rich aquifer system, and significant karst underground watercourses. Over half of the territory is covered by forest. The human settlement of Slovenia is dispersed and uneven.Slovenia has historically been the crossroads of Slavic, Germanic, and Romance languages and cultures. Although the population is not homogeneous, the majority is Slovene. The South Slavic language Slovene is the official language throughout the country. Slovenia is a largely secularized country, but its culture and identity have been significantly influenced by Catholicism as well as Lutheranism. The economy of Slovenia is small, open and export-oriented and has been strongly influenced by international conditions. It has been severely hurt by the Eurozone crisis, started in the late 2000s. The main economic field is services, followed by industry and construction.Historically, the current territory of Slovenia was part of many different states, including the Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Carolingian Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, the Habsburg Monarchy, Republic of Venice, French-administered Illyrian Provinces of Napoleon I., Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary. In October 1918, the Slovenes exercised self-determination for the first time by co-founding the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs. In December 1918, they merged with the Kingdom of Serbia into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929).
During World War II, Slovenia was occupied and annexed by Germany, Italy, and Hungary, with a tiny area transferred to the Independent State of Croatia, a Nazi puppet state. Afterward, it was a founding member of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, later renamed the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, a communist state which was initially allied with the Eastern Bloc, but later founded the Non-Aligned Movement. In June 1991, after the introduction of multi-party representative democracy, Slovenia split from Yugoslavia and became an independent country. In 2004, it entered NATO and the European Union; in 2007 became the first formerly communist country to join the Eurozone; and in 2010 joined the OECD, a global association of high-income developed countries.
Expulsion of Germans after World War II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:35 1 Background
00:11:13 2 Reasons and justifications for the expulsions
00:13:55 2.1 Ethnically homogeneous nation-state
00:15:57 2.2 View of German minorities as potential fifth columns
00:16:09 2.2.1 Distrust and enmity
00:18:03 2.2.2 Preventing ethnic violence
00:19:24 2.3 Punishment for Nazi crimes
00:21:24 2.4 Soviet political considerations
00:22:25 3 Movements in the later stages of the war
00:22:36 3.1 Evacuation and flight to areas within Germany
00:26:23 3.2 Evacuation and flight to Denmark
00:29:13 4 Following Germany's defeat
00:33:41 4.1 Czechoslovakia
00:36:59 4.2 Hungary
00:43:09 4.3 Netherlands
00:44:31 4.4 Poland, including former German territories
00:57:26 4.5 Romania
01:01:20 4.6 Soviet Union and annexed territories
01:10:39 4.7 Yugoslavia
01:18:37 4.8 Kehl, Germany
01:19:13 4.9 Latin America
01:19:57 4.10 Palestine
01:20:54 5 Human losses
01:21:56 5.1 West German government estimates of the death toll
01:26:52 5.2 Discourse
01:27:51 5.2.1 Analysis by Rüdiger Overmans
01:32:08 5.2.2 Analysis by historian Ingo Haar
01:34:18 5.2.3 Studies in Poland
01:35:50 5.2.4 Study by Hans Henning Hahn and Eva Hahn
01:38:31 5.2.5 German and Czech commission of historians
01:39:13 5.2.6 Rebuttal by the German government
01:40:30 5.2.7 Research by Rudolph Rummel
01:41:18 5.2.8 iSchwarzbuch der Vertreibung/i by Heinz Nawratil
01:42:47 6 Condition of the expellees after arriving in post-war Germany
01:52:04 7 War children of German ancestry in Western and Northern Europe
01:53:07 8 Legacy of the expulsions
01:56:33 8.1 Status in international law
02:02:58 8.2 The Berlin Centre
02:04:16 8.3 Historiography
02:06:19 8.4 Political issues
02:07:40 8.5 Misuse of graphical materials
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8052591938853804
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
During the later stages of World War II and the post-war period, German citizens and people of German ancestry fled, many being murdered or dying in the process, or were expelled from various Eastern and Central European countries and traveled to the remaining territory of Germany and Austria. The post-war expulsion of the Germans formed part of Stalin's plan, in concert with other communist puppets, to expel all Germans from their lands east of the Oder and those lands which from May 1945 fell inside the Soviet occupation zones.Between 1944 and 1948 about 31 million people, including ethnic Germans (Volksdeutsche) as well as German citizens (Reichsdeutsche), were permanently or temporarily moved from Central and Eastern Europe. By 1950, a total of approximately 12 million Germans had fled or were expelled from east-central Europe into Allied-occupied Germany and Austria. The West German government put the total at 14.6 million, including 1 million ethnic Germans settled in territories conquered by Nazi Germany during World War II, ethnic German migrants to Germany after 1950 and the children born to expelled parents. The largest numbers came from preexisting German territories ceded to Poland, the Soviet Union (about 7 million) and from Czechoslovakia (about 3 million).
The areas affected included the former eastern territories of Germany, which were annexed by Poland and the Soviet Union after the war, as well as Germans who were living within the prewar borders of Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia, and the Baltic States. The Nazis had made plans—only partially completed before the Nazi defeat—to remove many Slavic and Jewish people from Eastern Europe and settle the area with Germans.The death toll attributable to the flight and expulsions is disputed, with estimates ranging from 500,000-600,000 and up to 2 to 2.5 million.The removals occurred in three overlapping phases, the first of which was the organized evacuation of eth ...
World War II in Yugoslavia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
World War II in Yugoslavia
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Military operations in World War II in Yugoslavia began on 6 April 1941, when the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was swiftly conquered by Axis forces and partitioned between Germany, Italy, Hungary, Bulgaria and client regimes. Subsequently, a guerrilla liberation war was fought against the Axis occupying forces and their locally established puppet regimes, including the Independent State of Croatia and the Serbian Government of National Salvation, by the Communist-led republican Yugoslav Partisans. Simultaneously, a multi-side civil war was waged between the Yugoslav communist Partisans, the Serbian royalist Chetniks, Croatian fascist Ustashe and Home Guard, as well as Slovene Home Guard troops.Both the Yugoslav Partisans and the Chetnik movement initially resisted the occupation. However, after 1941, Chetniks extensively and systematically collaborated with the Italian occupation forces until the Italian capitulation, and thereon also with German and Ustashe forces. The Axis mounted a series of offensives intended to destroy the Partisans, coming close to doing so in the Battle of Neretva and Battle of Sutjeska in the spring and summer of 1943.
Despite the setbacks, the Partisans remained a credible fighting force, with their organization gaining recognition from the Western Allies at the Tehran Conference and laying the foundations for the post-war Yugoslav state. With support in logistics and air power from the Western Allies, and Soviet ground troops in the Belgrade Offensive, the Partisans eventually gained control of the entire country and of the border regions of Trieste and Carinthia.
The human cost of the war was enormous. The number of war victims is still in dispute, but is generally agreed to have been at least one million. Non-combat victims included the majority of the country's Jewish population, many of whom perished in concentration and extermination camps (e.g. Jasenovac, Banjica) run by the client regimes.
The Ustashe regime (mostly Croats, but also Muslims and others) committed genocide against Serbs, Jews, Roma and anti-Fascist Croats. The Chetniks (mostly Serbs, but also Montenegrins and others) pursued genocide against Muslims, Croats and Pro-Partisan Serbs, and the Italian occupation authorities pursued violence and ethnic cleansing (Italianization) against Slovenes and Croats. The Wehrmacht carried out mass executions of civilians in retaliation for resistance activity e.g., the Kragujevac massacre. SS Division Prinz Eugen massacred large number of civilians and prisoners of war. Hungarian occupation troops massacred civilians (mostly Serbs and Jews) during the a major raid in southern Bačka, under the pretext of suppressing resistance activities.
Finally, during and after the final stages of the war, Yugoslav authorities and Partisan troops carried out reprisals, including the deportation of the Danube Swabian population, forced marches and executions of thousands of captured soldiers and civilians (predominantly Croats associated with the NDH, but also Slovenes and others) fleeing their advance (the Bleiburg repatriations), atrocities against the Italian population in Istria (the Foibe massacres) and purges against Serbs, Hungarians and Germans associated with the fascist forces.
Soška fronta - 11. soška bitka / Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo
Stkane zgodbe | Handmade stories
Video-publikacija Stkane zgodbe. Podeželje kot priložnost za razvoj pismenosti in temeljnih zmožnosti je sestavni del prizadevanj Slovenije za uresničevanje ciljev strateškega okvira Izobraževanje in usposabljanje 2020 na področju izobraževanja odraslih. Navezuje se na mnoga prednostna področja prenovljenega Evropskega programa za učenje odraslih za obdobje 2012-2014 s posebnim poudarkom na zagotavljanju priložnosti odraslim, da razvijejo temeljne zmožnosti, znanja ter oblike pismenosti, na krepitvi medgeneracijskega sodelovanja in partnerstev na lokalni ravni, v tem primeru na podeželju, ter na kakovosti dela izobraževalcev odraslih in storitev ponudnikov izobraževanja odraslih. Izpostavljena je tudi prenosljivost modela izobraževalnega programa razvoja pismenosti odraslih in izkušenj pri njegovi implementaciji na druga vsebinska in geografska področja.
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The video-publication Handmade stories. Rural areas as an opportunity for the development of basic skills and key competences is a constituent part of Slovenian endeavours for the implementation of the Education and Training 2020 strategic framework in the field of adult education. Its contents refer to several priority fields of the renewed European Agenda for Adult Learning in the period 2012-2014 with special emphasis on providing opportunities for adults to develop all forms of basic skills and key competences, intensifying intergenerational cooperation and partnerships at local level, in this particular case in a rural area, as well as on assuring quality of adult educators' and provider institutions' services. In addition, the transferability of the educational programme's model for the development of adult literacy, and experiences gained through its implementation to other topical and geographical areas is set out.
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Josip Broz Tito
Josip Broz Tito (born Josip Broz; Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [jɔ̌sip brɔ̂ːz tîtɔ]; Јосип Броз Тито; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980) was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman, serving in various roles from 1943 until his death in 1980. During World War II he was the leader of the Partisans, often regarded as the most effective resistance movement in occupied Europe. While his presidency has been criticized as authoritarian, Tito was seen by most as a benevolent dictator due to his successful economic and diplomatic policies and was a popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad. Viewed as a unifying symbol, his internal policies successfully maintained the peaceful coexistence of the nations of the Yugoslav federation. He gained international attention as the chief leader of the Non-Aligned Movement, working with Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt and Sukarno of Indonesia.
He was General Secretary (later Chairman of the Presidium) of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1939–80), and went on to lead the World War II Yugoslav guerrilla movement, the Partisans (1941–45). After the war, he was the Prime Minister (1943–63), President (later President for Life) (1953–80) of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). From 1943 to his death in 1980, he held the rank of Marshal of Yugoslavia, serving as the supreme commander of the Yugoslav military, the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). With a highly favourable reputation abroad in both Cold War blocs, Josip Broz Tito received some 98 foreign decorations, including the Legion of Honour and the Order of the Bath.
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Yugoslav Partisan crimes after World War II in Zagreb | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:00:45 1 Objectives
00:03:01 2 Name
00:06:35 3 Background and origins
00:10:25 4 Formation and early rebellion
00:14:54 5 Operations
00:15:28 5.1 Resistance and retaliation
00:21:33 5.2 Allied support
00:25:31 5.3 Activities increase (1943–45)
00:27:29 6 Overview by post-war republic
00:27:39 6.1 Serbia
00:29:45 6.2 Bosnia and Herzegovina
00:30:13 6.3 Croatia
00:31:14 7 Services
00:31:35 7.1 Partisan Navy
00:32:53 7.2 Partisan Air Force
00:34:06 8 Composition
00:38:29 8.1 Bosnia and Herzegovina
00:39:54 8.2 Croatia
00:42:45 8.3 Slovenia
00:47:24 9 Casualties
00:47:48 10 Rescue operations
00:49:34 10.1 Raid at Ožbalt
00:52:15 11 Post-war
00:54:00 11.1 Atrocities
00:57:17 12 Equipment
00:58:27 13 Women
00:59:38 14 Cultural legacy
00:59:56 15 See also
01:00:05 16 Footnotes
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SUMMARY
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The Yugoslav Partisans, or the National Liberation Army, officially the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia, was the Communist-led resistance to the Axis powers (chiefly Germany) in occupied Yugoslavia during World War II.
It is considered to be Europe's most effective anti-Axis resistance movement during World War II, often compared to the Polish resistance movement, albeit the latter was a mostly non-communist autonomous movement. The Yugoslav Resistance was led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia during World War II. Its commander was Marshal Josip Broz Tito.