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Science and technology of the Song dynasty | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:37 1 Polymaths and mechanical engineering 00:01:48 1.1 Polymaths 00:06:59 1.2 Odometer and south-pointing chariot 00:12:06 1.3 Revolving repositories 00:15:15 1.4 Textile machinery 00:16:47 2 Movable type printing 00:20:07 3 Gunpowder warfare 00:20:16 3.1 Flamethrower 00:22:40 3.2 Fire lance 00:24:35 3.3 Gun 00:26:55 3.4 Land mine 00:27:52 3.5 Rocket 00:29:12 4 Civil engineering 00:37:25 5 Nautics 00:37:34 5.1 Background 00:38:32 5.2 Literature 00:46:29 5.3 Paddle-wheel ships 00:49:10 6 Metallurgy 00:53:13 7 Wind power 00:59:18 8 Archaeology 01:01:01 9 Geology and climatology 01:01:58 10 See also
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SUMMARY
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The Song dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝; 960–1279 CE) provided some of the most significant technological advances in Chinese history, many of which came from talented statesmen drafted by the government through imperial examinations. The ingenuity of advanced mechanical engineering had a long tradition in China. The Song engineer Su Song admitted that he and his contemporaries were building upon the achievements of the ancients such as Zhang Heng (78–139), an astronomer, inventor, and early master of mechanical gears. The application of movable type printing advanced the already widespread use of woodblock printing to educate and amuse Confucian students and the masses. The application of new weapons employing the use of gunpowder enabled the Song to ward off its militant enemies—the Liao, Western Xia, and Jin with weapons such as cannons—until its collapse to the Mongol forces of Kublai Khan in the late 13th century. Notable advances in civil engineering, nautics, and metallurgy were made in Song China, as well as the introduction of the windmill to China during the thirteenth century. These advances, along with the introduction of paper-printed money, helped revolutionize and sustain the economy of the Song dynasty.