The History Behind Italy’s Ancient City of Glass
For over a thousand years, the island of Murano—just outside Venice, Italy—has been known throughout the world for their exquisite glass manufacturing. After realizing how valuable their glass exports were, the Venetian elite made it illegal for glass makers to leave the islands, as a way of protecting their most guarded secrets. Today, Murano is still home to a large number of world-renowned glass studios and remains a popular tourist destination for art lovers and history buffs alike. Join us as we explore the legendary city and meet the people keeping this thousand-year tradition alive.
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Venice murano glass making (island) HD Travel Guide best place for visiting in italy
Murano glass is glass made on the Venetian island of Murano, which has specialized in fancy glasswares for centuries. Murano’s glassmakers led Europe for centuries, developing or refining many technologies including crystalline glass, enamelled glass (smalto), golden glass (goldstone), multicolored glass (millefiori), milk glass (lattimo), and imitation gemstones made of glass. Today, the artisans of Murano are still employing these centuries-old techniques, crafting everything from contemporary art glass and glass figurines to Murano glass chandeliers and wine stoppers, as well as tourist souvenirs.
Today, Murano is home to a vast number of factories and a few individual artists' studios making all manner of glass objects from mass marketed stemware to original sculpture. The Museo del Vetro (Glass Museum) in the Palazzo Giustinian houses displays on the history of glassmaking as well as glass samples ranging from Egyptian times through the present day.[1]
Edit
Located 1.5 km (0.93 mi) from the main city Venice, Italy, Murano has been a commercial port since as far back as the 7th century. It is believed that glassmaking in Murano originated in 8th-century Rome, with significant Asian and Musliminfluences, as Venice was a major trading port[citation needed]. Murano glass is similar to the 1st-century BC Greek glasses found in the shipwreck of Antikythera[citation needed]. Murano’s reputation as a center for glassmaking was born when the Venetian Republic, fearing fire and destruction of the city’s mostly wooden buildings, ordered glassmakers to move their foundries to Murano in 1291. Murano glass is the largest proportion of Venetian glass.
Murano's glassmakers were soon the island’s most prominent citizens. By the 14th century, glassmakers were allowed to wear swords, enjoyed immunity from prosecution by the Venetian state, and their daughters permitted to marry into Venice’s most affluent families. Marriage between glass master and the daughter of the nobleman wasn't regarded as misalliance. However, glassmakers were not allowed to leave the Republic. Exportation of professional secret was punished by death. Many craftsmen took this risk and set up glass furnaces in surrounding cities and as far afield as England and the Netherlands. By the end of the 16th century, three thousand of Murano island's seven thousand inhabitants were involved in some way in the glassmaking industry. French revolutionary armies occupied Murano in 1797.
Murano glass was produced in great quantities in the 1950s and 1960s for export and for tourists.[2]
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Glass Blowing in Murano - Venice Italy
Located 1.5 kilometers from the main city Venice, Italy, Murano has been a commercial port since as far back as the 7th century. It is believed that glassmaking in Murano originated in 8th century Rome, with significant Asian and Muslim influences, as Venice was a major trading port. Murano's reputation as a center for glassmaking was born when the Venetian Republic, fearing fire and destruction of the city's mostly wooden buildings, ordered glassmakers to move their foundries to Murano in 1291. Murano glass is still interwoven with Venetian glass.
Murano's glassmakers were soon the island's most prominent citizens. By the 14th century, glassmakers were allowed to wear swords, enjoyed immunity from prosecution by the Venetian state, and their daughters permitted to marry into Venice's most affluent families. However glassmakers were not allowed to leave the Republic. Many craftsmen took this risk and set up glass furnaces in surrounding cities and as far afield as England and the Netherlands.
Murano Glass was produced in great quantities in the 1950s and 1960s for export and for tourists.
Reflections of Italy - Part Four: Venice and Murano Island
The name is derived from the ancient Veneti people who inhabited the region by the 10th century BC. The city was historically the capital of the Republic of Venice. The 697–1797 Republic of Venice was a major financial and maritime power during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, and a staging area for the Crusades and the Battle of Lepanto, as well as an important center of commerce (especially silk, grain, and spice) and art in the 13th century up to the end of the 17th century. In 1291, all the glassmakers in Venice were forced to move to Murano due to the risk of fires. In the following century, exports began, and the island became famous, initially for glass beads and mirrors. Aventurine glass was invented on the island, and for a while Murano was the main producer of glass in Europe. The island later became known for chandeliers. Although decline set in during the eighteenth century, glassmaking is still the island's main industry.
Seguso History of Murano Glassmaking
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Grand Canal Tour, Venice, Italy! (Part 11)/Xem Một Vòng Kênh Đào Grand Ở Venice, Ý! (Phần 11)
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Today, Venice's economy is mainly based on tourism, shipbuilding (mainly done in the neighboring cities of Mestre and Porto Marghera), services, trade and industrial exports. Murano glass production in Murano and lace production in Burano are also highly important to the economy. Venice is one of the most important tourist destinations in the world for its celebrated art and architecture. The city has an average of 50,000 tourists a day (2007 estimate). In 2006, it was the world's 28th most internationally visited city, with 2.927 million international arrivals that year.
Ngày nay, nền kinh tế của Venice là chủ yếu dựa vào du lịch, đóng tàu (chủ yếu được thực hiện ở các thành phố lân cận của Mestre và Porto Marghera), dịch vụ, thương mại và xuất khẩu công nghiệp. sản xuất thủy tinh Murano ở Murano và sản xuất ren ở Burano cũng rất quan trọng đối với nền kinh tế. Venice là một trong những điểm du lịch quan trọng nhất trên thế giới về nghệ thuật nổi tiếng của nó và thuật kiến trúc. Thành phố có trung bình 50.000 du khách mỗi ngày (ước tính năm 2007). Trong năm 2006, nó là thành phố đã đến thăm quốc tế nhất 28 thế giới, với 2.927.000 lượt khách quốc tế trong năm đó.
Walking in Venice (Murano Island)???????????? Travel Video ????????????
Murano is a series of islands linked by bridges in the Venetian Lagoon, northern Italy. It lies about 1.5 kilometres (0.9 miles) north of Venice and measures about 1.5 km (0.9 mi) across with a population of just over 5,000 (2004 figures). It is famous for its glass making. It was once an independent comune, but is now a frazione of the comune of Venice.
Murano was initially settled by the Romans and from the sixth century by people from Altinum and Oderzo. At first, the island prospered as a fishing port and through its production of salt. It was also a centre for trade through the port it controlled on Sant'Erasmo. From the eleventh century, it began to decline as islanders moved to Dorsoduro. It had a Grand Council, like that of Venice, but from the thirteenth century, Murano was ultimately governed by a podestà from Venice. Unlike the other islands in the Lagoon, Murano minted its own coins.
Early in the second millennium hermits of the Camaldolese Order occupied one of the islands, seeking a place of solitude for their way of life. There they founded the Monastery of St. Michael (Italian: S. Michele di Murano). This monastery became a great center of learning and printing. The famous cartographer, Fra Mauro, whose maps were crucial to the European exploration of the world, was a monk of this community. The monastery was suppressed in 1810 by French forces under Napoleon, in the course of their conquest of the Italian peninsula, and the monks were expelled in 1814. The grounds then became Venice's major cemetery.
In 1291, all the glassmakers in Venice were required to move to Murano. In the following century, exports began, and the island became famous, initially for glass beads and mirrors. Aventurine glass was invented on the island, and for a while Murano was the main producer of glass in Europe. The island later became known for chandeliers. Although decline set in during the eighteenth century, glassmaking is still the island's main industry.
In the fifteenth century, the island became popular as a resort for Venetians, and palaces were built, but this later declined. The countryside of the island was known for its orchards and vegetable gardens until the nineteenth century, when more housing was built.
Attractions on the island include the Church of Santa Maria e San Donato (known for its twelfth-century Byzantine mosaic pavement and said to house the bones of the dragon slain by Saint Donatus in the 4th century), the church of San Pietro Martire with the chapel of the Ballarin family built in 1506 and artworks by Giovanni Bellini, and the Palazzo da Mula. Glass-related attractions include the many glassworks, some Mediaeval and most open to the public, and the Murano Glass Museum, housed in the large Palazzo Giustinian.
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Places to see in ( Venice - Italy ) Torcello Island
Places to see in ( Venice - Italy ) Torcello Island
Tiny Torcello island has few residents but it's often busy with sightseers in summer. They come to visit the Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta, with its Venetian-Byzantine mosaics and views of nearby Burano from the bell tower, or to check out the Ponte del Diavolo, a bridge with no parapets, and the stone seat known as Trono di Attila. A handful of eateries along the main canal serve lunch.
Torcello island at the northern end of the Venetian Lagoon, in north-eastern Italy. It was first settled in the year 452 and has been referred to as the parent island from which Venice was populated. It was a town with a cathedral and bishops before St Mark's Basilica was built.
Torcello benefited from and maintained close cultural and trading ties with Constantinople: however, being a rather distant outpost of the Eastern Roman Empire, it could establish de facto autonomy from the eastern capital. Torcello rapidly grew in importance as a political and trading centre: in the 10th century it had a population often estimated at 10,000-35,000 people, with 20,000 the most commonly cited estimate.
In pre-Medieval times, Torcello was much a more powerful trading center than Venice. Thanks to the lagoon’s salt marshes, the salines became Torcello’s economic backbone and its harbour developed quickly into an important re-export market in the profitable east-west-trade, which was largely controlled by Byzantium during that period.
Torcello's numerous palazzi, its twelve parishes and its sixteen cloisters have almost disappeared since the Venetians recycled the useful building material. One small palazzo is the only remaining medieval structure, consisting of a cathedral, a church, the town's former council chamber and archives (which house the museum), and the nearby basilica and campanile; the latter two were rebuilt in the year 1008.
Today's main attraction is the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta, founded in 639. It is of basilica-form with side aisles but no crossing, and has much 11th and 12th century Byzantine work, including mosaics (e.g. a vivid version of the Last Judgement). Other attractions include the 11th and 12th century Church of Santa Fosca, in the form of a Greek cross, which is surrounded by a semi-octagonal porticus, and the Museo Provinciale di Torcello housed in two fourteenth century palaces, the Palazzo dell'Archivio and the Palazzo del Consiglio, which was once the seat of the communal government.
Another noteworthy sight for tourists is an ancient stone chair, known as Attila’s Throne. It has, however, nothing to do with the king of the Huns, but may have been the podestà’s or the bishop’s chair. or the seat where chief magistrates were inaugurted. Torcello is also home to a Devil's Bridge, known as the Ponte del Diavolo or alternatively the Ponticello del Diavolo (devil's little bridge).
( Venice - Italy ) is well know as a tourist destination because of the variety of places you can enjoy while you are visiting Venice . Through a series of videos we will try to show you recommended places to visit in Venice - Italy
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Venice 2012 Program 3 Segment 2: Travels with Tom Padula
We stroll along the walkways of Murano with its varied and colourful local shops. We are able to appreciate the great number of glass products that are exported to the four corners of the world. We witness a Venetian style funeral along one of the main canals. We then catch our water bus to have another must tourist experience in Burano, the island town of 'merletti'.
Murano & Burano - Italy
Murano, although described as an island of the lagoon of Venice, is in fact an archipelago of seven smaller islands, of which two are artificial (Sacca Serenella and Sacca San Mattia), united by bridges between themselves. It is approximately 5500 inhabitants and is only 1 km from the center of Venice. Murano is a famous place for Murano glass works, particularly decorative objects and lamps.
Murano was founded by the Romans, and since the sixth century was inhabited by people from Altino and Oderzo. At first, the island prospered as a fishing port and thanks to the production of salt. It was a center of commerce. With the port they controlled the island of Santo Erasmo. From the 11th century the city began to decline due to many inhabitants moving to Dorsoduro. They had a great local power, like that of Venice, but since the thirteenth century Murano was ruled by Venetians. Unlike other islands on the lagoon, Murano coined its own coins.
In 1291 all Venice glassmakers were forced to move to Murano because of the risk of fire, because the overwhelming majority of Venice's buildings were built of wood. During the fourteenth century, exports began and the island gained fame, initially by the manufacture of crystal beads and mirrors. Aventurine crystal was invented on the island and for some time Murano became the largest crystal producer in Europe. The archipelago later became known for the manufacture of chandeliers. Although there was a great drop during the 18th century, crystallization continued to be the most important industry of the island.
Burano is situated in the lagoon of Venice, and like its neighbor seven kilometers more to the south, Venice, is in fact a locality constituted by several small islands connected by bridges to each other. Located near Torcello at the northern end of the Lagoon, it is known for its crystals and lace work.
To get to Burano by boat you can use the vaporetti (the journey takes about 40 minutes from the center of Venice), or by road using the bridge in Mazzorbo. The population is currently around 4000 inhabitants.
The first occupants of the islands were probably Romans, but it is in the sixth century that it receives its present name when the zone is occupied by people coming from Altino, who will have given to the island the name of one of the doors of its city. However there are two more versions for the origin of the name; in one of them the name derives from the nickname of the first family that settled there, the Buriana, and the other that the name was given by inhabitants of Buranello, an island 8 km to the south of Burano.
Although the island developed rapidly, it continued to be part of the territory administered by Torcello but without any of the privileges that its inhabitants, or those of Murano, had. The situation only changed, and the island took on importance in the sixteenth century, when local women began to produce beautiful pieces of income, which quickly began to be exported to the rest of Europe. In the eighteenth century the income industry began its decline, a tendency that would only be contradicted in 1872, when a professional school was opened for the weavers, bringing a new breath to the industry, however at present no longer produce pieces of income in a traditional way on the island since it is labor intensive labor (each piece takes several hours to produce), which makes it very expensive.
Venice: City of Dreams
Rick Steves' Europe Travel Guide | After sorting through the monuments of Venice's powerful past, we'll trace its decline from Europe's most powerful city to its most hedonistic one. We'll cruise the Grand Canal, luxuriate in a venerable café, and savor fresh fish canal-side with Venetian friends. Becoming as anonymous as possible in this city of masks, we'll be dazzled by masterpieces of the Venetian Renaissance and get intimate with the city of Casanova...on a gondola in the moonlight.
© 2012 Rick Steves' Europe
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Burano, Venice | Most Colourful Island In Italy
Burano island in Venice is one of the most colourful places I've ever been to. This fishermen's island is like a fairy tale come to life and I'm so excited to show you around!
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Sabina Trojanova aka girlvsglobe is a full-time UK-based lifestyle blogger, travel blogger, fashion blogger and YouTuber. I'm all about responsible travel, sustainable fashion, natural beauty and veggie food. If that's your kind of thing go ahead and subscribe for more! :)
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Crystal handicraft- how it's made2
Financial crisis hits Christmas ornaments producer in Poland
SHOTLIST
1. Wide exterior of Christmas ornaments factory in Jozefow, outside Warsaw
2. Close up of sign reading Silverado (name of ornament company)
3. Interior factory, pan across range of Christmas ornaments
4. Wide of company Vice President, Wojciech Slodyczka, walking through showroom
5. SOUNDBITE (Polish) Wojciech Slodyczka, Vice President, Silverado ornament company:
We make Christmas ornaments in different shapes like boots, bags and different kinds of Santas. We also do custom designs for clients who want to have their own logo or shape; actually we can do everything you can imagine.
6. Pan across ornamental shoes and ring
7. SOUNDBITE (Polish) Wojciech Slodyczka, Vice President, Silverado ornament company:
Ninety per cent is exported, mainly to the US, Canada, Switzerland and Australia. I think we're successful because our ornaments are handmade and the quality is good.
8. Close up of glass Christmas bauble
9. SOUNDBITE (Polish) Wojciech Slodyczka, Vice President, Silverado ornament company:
The current global financial crisis hit us in June this year, when the value of the dollar dropped drastically. That led to our profits dropping to zero and even to recording a loss. At that time we were afraid that either we had to change business or start making products which could be produced more cheaply.
10. Various of employees painting glass baubles
11. SOUNDBITE (Polish) Malgorzata Gradus, employee, Silverado ornament company:
I've worked here for 10 years. Because of the current crisis I am a little afraid of losing my job. I've heard what's going on around the country, but I don't think anything is happening here in our company yet, but of course I am afraid.
12. Mid of employee Malgorzata Kowalczyk finishing work on Christmas ornament, puts in box, pan to a box with finished ornaments
13. SOUNDBITE (Polish) Malgorzata Kowalczyk, employee, Silverado ornament company:
Am I afraid of losing my job? Yes I think we all are, but I hope that because our management is so cooperative, the crisis will not hit us so badly and we will somehow manage.
14. Mid pan across piles of ornament boxes
STORYLINE:
The global credit crunch has hit a small Polish company that produces traditional glass Christmas ornaments.
Silverado's delicate hand-made baubles are produced for export to adorn Christmas trees across Europe, the US, Canada and Australia.
But now the financial freeze has hit the family business, in the Polish town of Josefow, a 90-minute drive from the capital, Warsaw.
Established in 1995, Silverado's problems started in June when the US dollar weakened.
Silverado's vice-president, Wojciech Slodyczka, said the firm saw its profits disappear.
Just as the company had adjusted to the weakening dollar, the financial collapse loomed and their main markets were hit by the approaching recession.
The workers at the tiny factory now fear for their future.
The hand-blown glass decorations, known as bombki in Polish, can sell for more than twenty US dollars each overseas.
Polish officials have stated repeatedly that the economy of the country is in good shape despite the global financial crisis, and have offered guarantees to Polish banks.
But that's done little to reassure a firm that relies on exports for 90 percent of its income, and the management and workers alike fear a bleak Christmas.
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Chriscinda Henry: The Venetian Courtesan as Collector, Host, and Entertainer...
April 13, 2019. Chriscinda Henry presents her lecture The Venetian Courtesan as Collector, Host, and Entertainer: The Case of Elisabetta Condulmer as part of the two-day symposium 'When Michelangelo Was Modern: The Art Market and Collecting in Italy, 1450–1650' organized by the Center for the History of Collecting, Frick Art Reference Library.
Venice | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:49 1 Etymology
00:05:41 2 History
00:05:50 2.1 Origins
00:13:32 2.2 Expansion
00:22:02 2.3 Decline
00:24:29 2.4 Modern age
00:27:18 2.5 Subsidence
00:27:40 2.5.1 Foundations
00:28:54 2.5.2 History
00:33:04 3 Geography
00:33:13 3.1 Sestieri
00:35:21 3.2 Climate
00:36:10 4 Government
00:39:53 5 Economy
00:44:14 5.1 Tourism
00:47:49 5.1.1 Minimising the effects of tourism
00:53:37 5.2 Foreign words of Venetian origin
00:54:25 6 Transportation
00:54:35 6.1 In the historic centre
00:57:23 6.1.1 Waterways
00:58:32 6.2 Public transport
00:58:53 6.2.1 Lagoon area
00:59:44 6.2.2 Lido and Pellestrina islands
01:00:20 6.2.3 Mainland
01:01:56 6.3 Trains
01:03:26 6.4 Ports
01:04:38 6.5 Airports
01:06:37 7 Sport
01:08:33 8 Education
01:10:02 9 Demographics
01:14:38 10 Culture
01:14:47 10.1 Literature
01:18:20 10.1.1 In literature and adapted works
01:19:57 10.2 Art and printing
01:23:14 10.3 Venetian gothic architecture
01:23:56 10.4 Rococo architectural style
01:26:07 10.5 Glass
01:28:04 10.6 Cinema, media, and popular culture
01:28:34 10.7 Festivals
01:30:27 10.7.1 In films
01:32:45 10.8 Music
01:34:39 10.8.1 The orchestra
01:34:59 10.8.2 In popular music
01:35:21 10.8.3 In video games
01:36:19 10.9 Photography
01:37:06 10.10 Cuisine
01:39:13 10.11 Fashion and shopping
01:41:14 11 Notable people
01:51:10 12 International relations
01:51:59 12.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:52:34 12.2 Cooperation agreements
01:53:15 13 See also
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SUMMARY
=======
Venice (, VEN-iss; Italian: Venezia [veˈnɛttsja] (listen); Venetian: Venesia, Venexia [veˈnɛsja]) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave rivers (more exactly between the Brenta and the Sile). Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork. The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.In 2018, 260,897 people resided in Comune di Venezia, of whom around 55,000 live in the historical city of Venice (Centro storico). Together with Padua and Treviso, the city is included in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area (PATREVE), with a total population of 2.6 million. PATREVE is only a statistical metropolitan area.The name is derived from the ancient Veneti people who inhabited the region by the 10th century BC. The city was historically the capital of the Republic of Venice. Venice has been known as the La Dominante, Serenissima, Queen of the Adriatic, City of Water, City of Masks, City of Bridges, The Floating City, and City of Canals.
The 697-1797 Republic of Venice was a major financial and maritime power during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, and a staging area for the Crusades and the Battle of Lepanto, as well as a very important center of commerce (especially silk, grain, and spice) and art in the 13th century up to the end of the 17th century. The city-state of Venice is considered to have been the first real international financial center which gradually emerged from the 9th century to its peak in the 14th century. This made Venice a wealthy city throughout most of its history.It is also known for its several important artistic movements, especially the Renaissance period. After the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna, the Republic was annexed by the Austrian Empire, until it became part of the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, following a referendum held as a result of the Third Italian War of Independence. Venice has played an important role in the history of symphonic and operatic music, and ...
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Venice | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Venice
00:02:54 1 Etymology
00:04:19 2 History
00:04:28 2.1 Origins
00:10:12 2.2 Expansion
00:16:33 2.3 Decline
00:18:22 2.4 Modern age
00:20:30 2.5 Subsidence
00:20:48 2.5.1 Foundations
00:21:44 2.5.2 History
00:24:52 3 Geography
00:25:01 3.1 Sestieri
00:26:38 3.2 Climate
00:27:17 4 Government
00:30:05 5 Economy
00:33:08 5.1 Tourism
00:35:51 5.1.1 Minimising the effects of tourism
00:39:25 5.2 Foreign words of Venetian origin
00:40:04 6 Transportation
00:40:13 6.1 In the historic centre
00:42:20 6.1.1 Waterways
00:43:13 6.2 Public transport
00:43:32 6.2.1 Lagoon area
00:44:12 6.2.2 Lido and Pellestrina islands
00:44:41 6.2.3 Mainland
00:45:54 6.3 Trains
00:47:04 6.4 Ports
00:47:59 6.5 Airports
00:49:30 7 Sport
00:50:58 8 Education
00:52:07 9 Demographics
00:55:33 10 Culture
00:55:42 10.1 Literature
00:58:22 10.1.1 In literature and adapted works
00:59:38 10.2 Art and printing
01:02:06 10.3 Venetian gothic architecture
01:02:41 10.4 Rococo architectural style
01:04:21 10.5 Glass
01:05:47 10.6 Cinema, media, and popular culture
01:06:12 10.7 Festivals
01:07:36 10.7.1 In films
01:09:19 10.8 Music
01:10:47 10.8.1 The orchestra
01:11:04 10.8.2 In popular music
01:11:22 10.8.3 In video games
01:12:07 10.9 Photography
01:12:45 10.10 Cuisine
01:14:23 10.11 Fashion and shopping
01:15:54 11 Notable people
01:23:32 12 International relations
01:24:11 12.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:24:40 12.2 Cooperation agreements
01:25:12 13 See also
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- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Venice (, VEN-iss; Italian: Venezia [veˈnɛttsja] (listen); Venetian: Venesia, Venexia [veˈnɛsja]) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave rivers (more exactly between the Brenta and the Sile). Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork. The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.In 2018, 260,897 people resided in Comune di Venezia, of whom around 55,000 live in the historical city of Venice (Centro storico). Together with Padua and Treviso, the city is included in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area (PATREVE), with a total population of 2.6 million. PATREVE is only a statistical metropolitan area.The name is derived from the ancient Veneti people who inhabited the region by the 10th century BC. The city was historically the capital of the Republic of Venice. Venice has been known as the La Dominante, Serenissima, Queen of the Adriatic, City of Water, City of Masks, City of Bridges, The Floating City, and City of Canals.
The 697-1797 Republic of Venice was a major financial and maritime power during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, and a staging area for the Crusades and the Battle of Lepanto, as well as a very important center of commerce (especially silk, grain, and spice) and art in the 13th century up to the end of the 17th century. The city-state of Venice is considered to have been the first real international financial center which gradually emerged from the 9th century to its peak in the 14th century. This made Venice a wealthy city throughout most of its history.It is also known for its several important artistic movements, especially the Renaissance period. After the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna, the Republic was annexed by the Austrian Empire, until it became part of the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, following a referendum held as a result of the Third Italian War of Independence. Venice has played an important role in the history of symphonic and operatic music, and it is the birthplace of Antonio Vivaldi. Venice has been ranked the most beautiful city in the world as of 2016. The city is facing some major challenges, however, including financial diffi ...