Byzantine Museum and Bayezid Mosque in Didymoteicho – NSRF 2007-2013, R.O.P. of Macedonia – Thrace
Produced for the Special Service for the Sector of Culture and the Greek Ministry of Culture and Sports. The project Actions of Information and publicity for cultural works is co-financed by Greece and the European Union - European Regional Development Fund - O.P. Technical Support for Implementation - National Strategic Reference Framework 2007-2013
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2,200 Year Old Beautiful Ancient Greek Mosaics Discovered in Zeugma, Turkey
Mytilini/Lesvos, Greece - Ipsilou Monastery - AtlasVisual
Mytilini/Lesvos Video Map:
The High Monastery is dedicated to Agios Ioannis the Theologian and is in the western part of Mytilene on top of Mount Ordymnos at an altitude of 634 meters and at a distance of 81 km from Mytilene. Tradition places the foundation of the monastery during the Byzantine period before 800 AD A museum with unique relics and six reliquaries with the bones of Saints.
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Olympias Boutique Hotel, Mytilene, Greece (GR)
for reviews, prices and info.
Olympias Boutique Hotel, Mytilene, Greece (GR)
The Olympias Boutique Hotel has free Wi-Fi internet. Conveniently part of the in-house services, visitors can get connected with the computers available for hire. Guests can enjoy the outdoors on the terrace or have a drink at the bar. The hotels garden offers a peaceful setting to sit down and relax. Guests can order room service around the clock.Aegean University, Ecclesiastic and Byzantine Museum Mytilini and Theophilos Museum are a short drive from the Olympias Boutique Hotel. The town centre and Port of Mytilene are within a 20 minute walk from the hotel. Mytilene International Airport (MJT) is a 20 minute drive away.
Hotel Features
General
Room Service, Air Conditioned, Mini Bar, Hair Dryer, TV, Cots, Breakfast in the Room
Activities
Garden
Services
Computer, Photocopier, Direct dial phone, Facsimile, Luggage Storage
Internet
High-speed Internet is available at this hotel. Wireless internet on site.
Check-in
From 2:00 PM
Check-out
Prior to 12:00 PM
** Visit for more info, reviews, prices and booking. **
Portes: an exhibition of Maine artists in Greece
In June 2012 an exhibition of fifty works on paper by Maine artists will travel to Portland's Sister City of Mytilene, Greece. Accompanied by representatives from the Hellenic Society of Maine and Tetra Projects, the exhibition, reception and events surrounding the show will support the mission of cultural exchange and goodwill between the citizens of Greece and the United States, and provides an exciting opportunity for international exhibition by Maine artists. The show will be exhibited in the upper gallery of the Public Theater on the quay in downtown Mytilene during events celebrating the 100th anniversary of the liberation of the City of Mytilene and the island of Lesvos from Ottoman authority.
Portes is the Greek word for doors and the title reflects the cultural importance of seaports and cultural exchange in both Mytilene and Portland. The exhibition is a survey of works on paper by fifty Portland-area artists, including drawing, painting, collage, photography, printmaking and mixed media works by emerging and established artists. Portes has been recognized as an official Sister City event by the governments of Portland and Mytilene.
A preview exhibition at Space Gallery Annex will be on view from March 21st to April 7th, with an artist's reception on Tuesday April 3rd from 4:00-7:00pm, following a display case unveiling at city hall, and a public reception on April 6th during Portland's First Friday Art Walk. The show will open in Greece with a state reception on Friday, June 8th.
An elegant destination wedding on Lesvos, by MentaWeddings. Under the Byzantine Castle of Molyvos.
Saying I do in Lesvos, the new Greek island of Love. The making of a South African-Greek stylish MENTA wedding. A destination wedding made in Molyvos, Lesvos, a UNESCO protected island. Under the Byzantine Castle and against the blue of the Agean Sea we created an elegant setting that exceeted all expectations. A unique blend of two cultures. Olive trees and beadwork. Cause little things make big things happen.
Wedding Planning & Flower design: Menta Weddings
Video & Edit: Mike Aikaterinis
Photographer: Konstantinos Stamatellis
Venue: Byzantino, Molyvos
Catering: Elaitis
DJ: John Karavis
Lights & Sound: Hxw
Musicians: Panagiotis Kaitatzis | Dimitris Karpouzis
Mithylene | Lesbos | Greece | Μυτιλήνη, port of the island, neoclassical buildings, Ancient Theatre
Geography Game Greece :
Travel Game Quiz about Greece :
port of the island,
The town of Mytilene has a large number of neoclassical buildings, public and private houses. Some of them are the building of the Lesbos Prefecture, the old City Hall, the Experimental Lyceum and various mansions and hotels all over the town.
The Baroque church of Saint Therapon dominates at the port with its impressive style.
Ancient Theatre of Mytilene
Archaeological Museum of Mytilene
Castle of Mytilene
Church of Saint Symeon, Mytilene
Catholic Church of Theotokos, where part of the relics of Saint Valentine are kept
Çarşı Hamam (Market Bath)
Ecclesiastical Byzantine Museum of Mytilene
Folk Art Museum of Mytilene
Monastery of Agios Raphael
Museum of Costume and Embroidery of Lesvos
Statue of Liberty (Mytilene)
Theofilos Museum
Yeni Cami, Mytilene
Η πόλη της Μυτιλήνης διαθέτει μεγάλο αριθμό νεοκλασικών κτιρίων, δημόσιων και ιδιωτικών κατοικιών. Ορισμένα από αυτά είναι το κτίριο του νομού Λέσβου, το παλιό Δημαρχείο, το Πειραματικό Λύκειο και διάφορα αρχοντικά και ξενοδοχεία σε όλη την πόλη.
Η μπαρόκ εκκλησία του Αγίου Θεραπώνα κυριαρχεί στο λιμάνι με το εντυπωσιακό στυλ του.
Αρχαίο Θέατρο Μυτιλήνης
Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο Μυτιλήνης
Κάστρο της Μυτιλήνης
Εκκλησία του Αγίου Συμεών, Μυτιλήνη
Καθολική Εκκλησία της Θεοτόκου, όπου φυλάσσεται μέρος των λειψάνων του Αγίου Βαλεντίνου
Çarşı Hamam (Bath Market)
Εκκλησιαστικό Βυζαντινό Μουσείο Μυτιλήνης
Λαογραφικό Μουσείο Μυτιλήνης
Μονή Αγίου Ραφαήλ
Μουσείο κοστουμιών και κέντημα Λέσβου
Άγαλμα της Ελευθερίας (Μυτιλήνη)
Μουσείο Θεόφιλου
Γιένι Τάμι, Μυτιλήνη
Greece, Greek, beautiful Greece, travel in Greece, cities in Greece, Greek culture, hotels in Greece, Greek foods, Greek culture, nature in Greece, greek monuments, tourism in Greece, trade in Greece, ports in Greece, life in Greece, Greek people, Greek men, Greek women
Griekenland, Griekenland, Griekenland, Griekenland, Griekenland, Griekse cultuur, Griekenland, Griekse gerechten, Griekse cultuur, Griekenland, Griekse monumenten, Griekenland, Griekenland, Griekenland, Griekenland, Griekenland Griekse mensen, Griekse mannen, Griekse vrouwen
Ελλάδα, ελληνική, όμορφη Ελλάδα, ταξίδια στην Ελλάδα, πόλεις στην Ελλάδα, ελληνικός πολιτισμός, ξενοδοχεία στην Ελλάδα, ελληνικά τρόφιμα, ελληνικός πολιτισμός, φύση στην Ελλάδα, ελληνικά μνημεία, τουρισμός στην Ελλάδα, εμπόριο στην Ελλάδα, λιμάνια στην Ελλάδα, , Έλληνες, Έλληνες, Ελληνίδες
اليونان، اليونان، اليونان الجميلة، والسفر في اليونان، والمدن في اليونان، والثقافة اليونانية والفنادق في اليونان والأطعمة اليونانية والثقافة اليونانية والطبيعة في اليونان والمعالم اليونانية والسياحة في اليونان والتجارة في اليونان والموانئ في اليونان والحياة في اليونان ، الشعب اليوناني، الرجال اليونانيين، النساء اليونانيات
Grecia, griego, Grecia hermosa, viajes en Grecia, ciudades en Grecia, cultura griega, hoteles en Grecia, alimentos griegos, cultura griega, naturaleza en Grecia, monumentos griegos, turismo en Grecia, el comercio en Grecia, los puertos en Grecia, la vida en Grecia , Los griegos, los griegos, las griegas
Grækenland, græsk, smuk grækenland, rejse i grækenland, byer i grækenland, græsk kultur, hoteller i grækenland, græsk mad, græsk kultur, natur i grækenland, græske monumenter, turisme i grækenland, handel i grækenland, havne i grækenland, livet i grækenland , Græske folk, græske mænd, græske kvinder
Griechenland, Griechisch, Griechenland,
그리스, 그리스, 아름다운 그리스, 그리스 여행, 그리스 도시, 그리스 문화, 그리스 호텔, 그리스 음식, 그리스 문화, 그리스의 자연, 그리스 기념물, 그리스 관광, 그리스 무역, 그리스 항구, 그리스 생활 , 그리스 사람, 그리스 남자, 그리스 여자
希腊，希腊，美丽的希腊，希腊旅游，希腊文化，希腊酒店，希腊食物，希腊文化，希腊自然，希腊古迹，希腊旅游，希腊贸易，希腊港口，希腊生活 ，希腊人，希腊人，希腊妇女
ギリシャ、ギリシャ、美しいギリシャ、ギリシャ、ギリシャの都市、ギリシャの文化、ギリシャのホテル、ギリシャの食品、ギリシャの文化、ギリシャの自然、ギリシャの観光、ギリシャの観光、ギリシ
The Contribution of NSRF to the Greek Culture
Produced for the Special Service for the Sector of Culture and the Greek Ministry of Culture and Sports. The project Actions of Information and publicity for cultural works is co-financed by Greece and the European Union - European Regional Development Fund - O.P. Technical Support for Implementation - National Strategic Reference Framework 2007-2013.
The following projects are presented:
1. Athenian Akropolis – R.O.P. of Attica
2. St. Dionysius Catholic Cathedral - R.O.P. of Attica
3. Acropol Hotel - R.O.P. of Attica
4. New Building of the National Museum of Modern Art (Former Fix Brewery) - R.O.P. of Attica
5. Byzantine and Christian Museum of Athens - R.O.P. of Attica
6. Monastery of Daphni - R.O.P. of Attica
7. Byzantine Monuments in Kastoria – R.O.P. of Macedonia – Thrace
8. Byzantine Museum and Bayezid Mosque in Didymoteicho – R.O.P. of Macedonia – Thrace
9. Site of Ancient Messene – O.P. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship
10. Palace of Nestor – R.O.P. of Western Greece – Peloponnese - Ionian Islands
11. Kalamata Dance Hall – R.O.P. of Western Greece – Peloponnese - Ionian Islands
12. Mystra Archaeological Site – O.P. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship
13. Ancient Epidaurus – O.P. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship
14. Mycenaean Settlement of Dimini, Iolkos – R.O.P. of Thessaly - Mainland Greece - Epirus
15. Ancient Theater of Larisa – O.P. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship
16. Terriade Museum in Mytilene – R.O.P. of Crete and Aegean Islands
17. Castle of Mytilene – R.O.P. of Crete and Aegean Islands
18. Medieval City of Rhodes – R.O.P. of Crete and Aegean Islands
19. Delos Archaeological Site– R.O.P. of Crete and Aegean Islands
20. Dodona Ancient Theater – O.P. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship
21. Archaeological Site of Nikopolis – O.P. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship
22. Herakleion Archaeological Museum – O.P. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship
23. Archaeological Site of Knossos – O.P. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship
24. Spinaloga Islet – O.P. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship
25. Delphi Archaeological Site – R.O.P. of Thessaly - Mainland Greece - Epirus
26. Ancient Olympia – O.P. Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship
27. Vergina Archaeological Site and Museum – R.O.P. of Macedonia – Thrace
28. Corfu Old Fort – R.O.P. of Western Greece – Peloponnese - Ionian Islands
Greek version:
Greek art, Corfu, Stefanos Gasteratos Greece's Greatest Contemporary Artist.
Your opinions please.
ΤΑΞΙΔΙ ΣΤΗΝ ΠΕΡΓΑΜΟ / TRIP TO PERGAMON (subtitles GR/TR/ENG)
A Tv documentary shows the life and the history of Pergamon, Turkey.
Directed.produced by digaPictures team.
Cinematography: Pavlos Avagianos
Aerial: Pavlos Antoniou
Presenter: Mirsini Steka
Edit/Post: digaPictures
Music: Alcalica
digapictures.gr
Zakynthos, Greece - Zakynthos Town - AtlasVisual
Zakynthos Video Map:
Zakynthos Town or Chora is the capital of the island. It is located on the east coast, facing the Peloponnese with daily ferries between the harbor and the mainland. An earthquake in 1953 destroyed most of the Venetian buildings, but the town was rebuilt as close to to the original as possiible. Alexander Roma is the central high street, filled with bustling restaurants and shopping. Also worth seeing are the Museum of Post Byzantine Art, the Museum of Solomos, and the Roma mansion. The Church of Sain Dionysis with its impressive belltower is also a must-see. The capital is full of restaurants, cafes and places to stay – and truly offers a traditional island experience.
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Capture of the Sabines - Roman Women
This video is intended to be an overview of Roman Women and girls, starting with the Rape of the Sabine Women. This is the first uploaded video in the Roman Women series.
It is suggested that captions are turned on.
You can support me on Patreon here:
Primary Sources:
Horace, Epodes 8 and 12
Martial, Epigrams 1.90, 7.67, 7.70
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 2.38, 2.39, 2.49
Livy, The History of Rome 1.13
Pliny the Younger, Letters 5.16.1-7
Secondary Sources:
D'Ambra, Eve. Roman Women. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Shelton, Jo-Ann. As the Romans Did: A Sourcebook in Roman Social History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Images:
Dionysius of Halicarnassus: Le antichita romane di Dionigi D’alicarnasso, trans. Marco Mastrofini, 1823
Golden Roman bracelets: Flickr - roman jewellery - bracelets by mararie. Louvre Museum, Paris, France
The Rape of the Sabines - The Invasion: Crocker Art Museum, Sacramento, USA
Tarpeia is Crushed Under the Sabine Shields: pl.20 from the series The Story of Romulus and Remus, Giambattista Fontana, Achenbach Foundation for Graphic Arts, Italy
Tarpeian Rock: William Smith, 1881. A Smaller History of Rome, From the Earliest Times to the Establishment of the Empire (
Apollo with Blackbird pouring libations: Wikipedia by Fingalo, Pistoxenos Painter, Archaeological Museum of Delphi, Delphi, Greece
The Intervention of the Sabine Women: Jacques-Louis David, 1799. Louvre Museum, Paris, France
Battle of the Romans and Sabines: Annibale Carracci, 16th century. The Duke of Devonshire and the Chatsworth Settlement Trustees, Devon, UK
The reconciliation between the Romans and Sabines: Justus van Egmont, 17th century. Rubenshuis, Antwerp, Netherlands
The Rape of the Sabine Women, Giambologna, 1581-83. Loggia dei Lanzi, Florence, Italy
Painted panel of a boy: Antiques Collection Altes Museum, Berlin, Germany (
Funerary altar of Julia Victorina: Department of Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Antiquities, Louvre Museum, Paris, France
The Death of Meleager: Department of Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Antiquities, Louvre Museum, Paris, France
Mummy portrait of a girl: Liebieghaus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Mummy portrait of a woman: Department of Ancient Egypt & Sudan, British Museum, London, UK
Head of Ulysses (?): Portus Project - Marble head, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
Babylonian Marriage Market: Royal Holloway, University of London, UK
Farnese Hercules: Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples, Italy
Large Herculaneum Woman: Sculpture Collection, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Sappho and Erinna in a Garden at Mytilene: The Tate Collection
Sarcophagus: Department of Greek & Roman Antiquities, British Museum, London, UK
-image caption courtesy of the British Museum
Statue of Vibia Sabina: Flickr - Vibia by iessi. Hadrian’s Villa, Museum Center of Lazio, Italy
Speculum Romanae Magnificentiae: Bust of Livy: Nicolas Beatrizet, 1582. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, USA
Pompeii fresco: Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, Italy
A Roman Feast: Roberto Bompiani, late 19th century. J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, USA
Laudatio Turiae: CIL 6.1527, 31670 (ILS 8393), Baths of Diocletian, National Museum of Rome, Rome, Italy
Pompeiian Paintress: Roman fresco from the Casa del Chirurgo (Surgeon’s House) (VI 1, 7-10-23) in Pompeii, Museo Archeologico, Naples, Italy
Venus of Arles: Louvre Museum, Paris, France
Statue of a mourning Roman woman: Petworth House, Petworth, UK
Music:
Lord of the Land - Kevin MacLeod
(
Solomon, Act III: Arrival of the Queen of Sheba - George Frideric Handel
(
1812 Overture - Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
(
The Blue Danube - Johann Strauss II
(
Lost Within - A Himitsu
(
New Building of the National Museum of Modern Art - NSRF 2007-2013, ROP of Attica
Produced for the Special Service for the Sector of Culture and the Greek Ministry of Culture and Sports. The project Actions of Information and publicity for cultural works is co-financed by Greece and the European Union - European Regional Development Fund - O.P. Technical Support for Implementation - National Strategic Reference Framework 2007-2013
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Lesbos | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Lesbos
00:02:14 1 History
00:07:32 2 Landmarks and architecture
00:08:36 3 Endangered sites
00:09:48 4 Geography
00:11:01 4.1 Climate
00:11:33 4.2 Lesvos Geopark
00:12:56 5 Administration
00:13:56 6 Economy
00:14:30 6.1 Media
00:14:45 7 Tourism
00:14:53 7.1 LGBT tourism
00:15:55 8 Cuisine
00:16:23 9 Sports
00:16:38 10 Notable residents
00:19:23 11 Gallery
00:19:32 12 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Lesbos (, US: ; Greek: Λέσβος Lesvos, pronounced [ˈlezvos]) is an island located in the northeastern Aegean Sea. It has an area of 1,633 km2 (631 sq mi) with 320 kilometres (199 miles) of coastline, making it the third largest island in Greece. It is separated from Turkey by the narrow Mytilini Strait and in late Palaeolithic/Mesolithic times was joined to the Anatolian mainland before the end of the last glacial period.
Lesbos is also the name of a regional unit of the North Aegean region, within which Lesbos island is one of five governing islands. The others are Chios, Ikaria, Lemnos, and Samos. The North Aegean region governs nine inhabited islands: Lesbos, Chios, Psara, Oinousses, Ikaria, Fournoi Korseon, Lemnos, Agios Efstratios and Samos. The capital of the North Aegean Region is Mytilene. The population of Lesbos is approximately 86,000, a third of whom live in its capital, Mytilene, in the southeastern part of the island. The remaining population is distributed in small towns and villages. The largest are Plomari, Kalloni, the Gera Villages, Agiassos, Eresos, and Molyvos (the ancient Mythimna).
According to later Greek writers, Mytilene was founded in the 11th century BC by the family Penthilidae, who arrived from Thessaly, and ruled the city-state until a popular revolt (590–580 BC) led by Pittacus of Mytilene ended their rule. In fact the archaeological and linguistic record may indicate a late Iron Age arrival of Greek settlers although references in Late Bronze Age Hittite archives indicate a likely Greek presence then. The name Mytilene itself seems to be of Hittite origin. According to Homer's Iliad, Lesbos was part of the kingdom of Priam, which was based in Anatolia (present day Turkey). Much work remains to be done to determine just what happened and when. In the Middle Ages, it was under Byzantine and then Genoese rule. Lesbos was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1462. The Ottomans then ruled the island until the First Balkan War in 1912, when it became part of the Kingdom of Greece.
Short Documentary about the Region of North Aegean
This is the final project that me and my partner made for our summer practical training.
We used After Effects, Cinema4d, Photoshop and Sony Vegas.
Lesbos
Lesbos (/ˈlɛzbɒs/; Greek: Λέσβος Lesvos, pronounced [ˈle̞zvo̞s]), sometimes referred to as Mytilini after its capital, is a Greek island located in the northeastern Aegean Sea. It has an area of 1,632 square kilometres (630 sq mi) with 320 kilometres (199 miles) of coastline, making it the third largest Greek island. It is separated from Turkey by the narrow Mytilini Strait.
Lesbos is a separate regional unit of the North Aegean region, and the only municipality within it. Its population is approximately 86,000, a third of which lives in its capital, Mytilene, in the southeastern part of the island. The remaining population is distributed in small towns and villages. The largest are Plomari, Kalloni, the Gera Villages, Agiassos, Eresos, and Molyvos (the ancient Mythimna).
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
Siracusa in Sicily
Siracusa in Sensational Sicily is presented by Alessandro Sorbello showcase one of the most beautiful regions on earth, rich in history, Sicily formed part of the cradle of civilization. This project is born from a collaboration between the Region of Sicily The Italian Chamber of Commerce, New Realm Media and Alessandro Sorbello Productions.
Syracuse, Sicily, Comune di Siracusa, Municipal coat of arms, Country Italy, Region Sicily, Province Siracusa (SR), Mayor Giambattista Bufardeci (from June 14, 2004), Elevation 17 m, Area 204 km², Population - Total (as of December 31, 2004) 123,322, - Density 593/km²
Frazioni Belvedere, Cassibile, Fontane Bianche, Isola, Santa Teresa Longarini Scalo, Targia, Patron Saint Lucy, - Day December 13 Location of Syracuse in Italy, Website: UNESCO World Heritage Site
Syracuse (Italian Siracusa, Sicilian Sarausa, Greek Συρακοῦσαι, Latin Syracusae) is an Italian city on the eastern coast of Sicily and the capital of the province of Syracuse. Once described by Cicero as the greatest Greek city and the most beautiful of them all, the ancient center of Syracuse is on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Sicily · Comuni of the Province of Syracuse
Augusta | Avola | Buccheri | Buscemi | Canicattini Bagni | Carlentini | Cassaro | Ferla | Floridia | Francofonte | Lentini | Melilli | Noto | Pachino | Palazzolo Acreide | Portopalo di Capo Passero | Priolo Gargallo | Rosolini | Syracuse | Solarino | Sortino
History
Greek period
Syracuse and its surrounding area have been inhabited since ancient times, as shown by the findings in the villages of Stentinello, Ognina, Plemmirio, Matrensa, Cozzo Pantano and Thapsos, which already had a relationship with Mycenaean Greece.
Syracuse was founded in 734 or 733 BC by Greek settlers from Corinth and Tenea, led by the oecist (colonizer) Archias, who called it Sirako, referring to a nearby swamp. The nucleus of the ancient city was the small island of Ortygia. The settlers found the land to be fertile and the native tribes to be reasonably well-disposed to their presence. The city grew and prospered, and for some time stood as the most powerful Greek city anywhere in the
Mediterranean. Colonies were founded at Akrai (664 BC), Kasmenai (643 BC) and Kamarina (598 BC). The descendants of the first colonist, called Gamoroi, held
the power until they were expelled by the Killichiroi, the lower class of the city. The former, however, returned to power in 485 BC, thanks to the help of Gelo, ruler of Gela. Gelo himself became the despot of the city, and moved numerous inhabitants of Gela, Kamarina and Megera to Syracuse, building the new quarters of Tyche and Neapolis outside the walls. His program of new constructions included also a new theater, designed by Damocopos, which gave the city a flourishing cultural life: this in turn attracted personalities as Aeschylus, Ario of Metimma, Eumelos of Corinth and Sappho, who had been exiled here from Mytilene. The enlarged power of Syracuse made unavoidable the clash against the Carthaginians, who ruled over the Western part of Sicily. In the Battle of
Himera, Gelo, who had allied with Theron of Agrigento, decisively defeated the African force led by Hamilcar. A temple, entitled to Athena (on the site of the today's Cathedral), was erected in the city to commemorate the event A Syracusan tetradrachm (c. 415--405 BC), sporting Arethusa and a quadriga.Gelo was succedeed by his brother Hiero, who fought against the Etruscans at Cumae in 474 BC. His rule was eulogized by poets like Simonides of Ceos, Bacchylides and Pindar, who visited his court. A democratic regime was introduced by Thrasybulos (467 BC). The city continued to expand in Sicily, fighting against the rebellious Siculi, and on the Tyrrhenian Sea, making expeditions up to Corsica and Elba. In the late 5th century BC, Syracuse found itself at war with Athens, which sought more resources to fight the Peloponnesian War. The Syracusans enlisted the aid of a general from Sparta, Athens' foe in the war, to defeat the Athenians, destroy their ships, and leave them to starve on the island (see Sicilian Expedition). In 401 BC, Syracuse contributed a force of 3,000 hoplites and a general to Cyrus the Younger's Army of the Ten Thousand.
Not long after, in the early 4th century BC, the tyrant Dionysius the Elder was again at war against Carthage and, although losing Gela and Camarina, kept that power from capturing the whole of Sicily. After the end of the conflict Dionysius built a massive fortress on the Otrigia island of the city, as well as another 22 km-long walls line that encircled the whole of Syracuse. After another period of expansion, which saw the destruction of Naxos, Catania and Lentini, the city entered again in war against Carthage (397 BC). After various changes of fortune, the Africans managed to besiege Syracuse itself, but were eventually pushed back by a pestilence. A treaty in 392 BC allowed Syracuse to enlarge further its possessions, founding the cities of Adrano, Ancona, Adria, Tindari and Tauromenos, and conquering Reggio Calabria on the continent. Apart from his battle deeds, Dionysius was famous as a patron of art, and Plato himself visited Syrcacuse several times.
His successor was Dionysius the Younger, who was however expelled by Dion in 356 BC. However, the latter's despotic rule led in turn to his expulsion, and Dionysius reclaimed his throne in 347 BC. A democratic government was installed by Timoleon in 345 BC. The long series of internal struggles had weakened Syracuse's power in the island, and Timoleon tried to remedy this situation, defeating the Carthaginians in 339 BC near the Krimisos river. The struggle among the city's parties, however, restarted after his death and ended with the rise of another tyrant, Agathocles, who seized power with a coup in 317 BC.
He resumed the war against Carthage, with alternate fortunes. He however scored a moral success, bringing the war to the Carthaginians' native African soil,
inflicting heavy losses to the enemy. The war, however, ended with another treaty of peace which did not prevent the carthaginians interfering in the
politics of Syracuse after the death of the tyrant Agathocles (289 BC). The citizens therefore called Pyrrhus of Epirus for help. After a brief period under the rule of Epirus, Hiero II seized power in 275 BC.
Hiero inaugurated a period of fifty years of peace and prosperity, in which Syracause became one of the most renowned capitals of Antiquity. He issued the so-called Lex Hieronica, which was later adopted by the Romans for their administration of Sicily; he also had the theater enlarged and a new immense altar, the Hiero's Ara, built. Under his rule the most famous Syracusan lived, the natural philosopher Archimedes. Among his many inventions were various military engines including the claw of Archimedes, later used to resist a Roman siege. Literature figures included Theocritus and others.
The siege of Syracuse in a 17th century engraving.Hiero's successor, the young Hieronymus (ruled from 215 BC), broke the alliance with the Romans after their
defeat at Cannae and accepted Carthago's support. The Romans, led by consul Marcus Claudius Marcellus, besieged the city in 214 BC. The city held out for three years, but fell in 212 BC. It is believed to have fallen due to a peace party opening a small door in the wall to negotiate a peace, but the Romans charged through the door and took the city, killing Archimedes in the process.
From Roman domination to the Middle Ages
Though declining slowly by the years, Syracuse maintained the status of capital of the Roman government of Sicily and seat of the praetor. It remained an
important port for the trades between the Eastern and the Western parts of the Empire. Christianity spread in the city through the efforts of Paul of Tarsus
and Saint Marziano, the first bishop of the city, who made it one of the main centres of proselytism in the West. In the age the persecutions massive catacombs were carved, whose size is second only to Rome's ones.
After a period of Vandal rule, Syracuse and the island was recovered by Belisarius for the Byzantine Empire (31 December 535). From 663 to 668 Syracuse was the seat of Emperor Constans II, as well as metropolis of the whole Sicilian Church.
Another siege in 878, which ended with the fierce sack of the city, inaugurated two centuries of Muslim rule. Syracuse lost its capital status in favour of Palermo. The Cathedral was turned into a mosque and the quarter on the Ortygia island was gradually rebuilt along Islamic styles. The city, anyway, maintained important trade relationships, and housed a relatively flourishing cultural and artistic life: several Arab poets, including Ibn Hamdis, the most important Sicilian poet of the 12th century, lived here.
In 1038, the Byzantine general George Maniaces reconquered the city, sending the relics of St. Lucy to Constantinople. The eponymous castle on the cape of Ortygia bears his name, although it was built under the Hohenstaufen rule. The Normans entered Syracuse, one of the last Saracen strongpoints, in 1085, after a summer-long siege by Roger I of Sicily and his son Jordan of Hauteville, who was given the city as count. New quarters were built, and the cathedral was restored, as well as other churches.
In 1194 Henry VI of Swabia occupied Syracuse. After a short period of Genoese rule (1205--1220), which favoured a rise of trades, Syracuse was conquered back by emperor Frederick II. He began the construction of the Castello Maniace, the Bishops' Palace and the Bellomo Palace. Frederick's death brought a period of
unrest and feudal anarchy. In the struggle between the Anjou and Aragonese monarchies, Syracuse sided with the Aragonese and defeated the Anjou in 1298, receiving from the Spanish sovereigns great privileges in reward. The pre-eminence of baronal families is also showed by the construction of the palaces of Abela, Chiaramonte, Nava, Montalto.
Modern Syracuse
The city in the following centuries was struck by two ruinous earthquakes in 1542 and 1693, and, in 1729, by a plague. The 17th century destruction changed forever the appearance of Syracuse, as well as the entire Val di Noto, whose cities were rebuilt along the typical lines of Sicilian Baroque, considered one of the most typical expressions of art of Southern Italy. The spread of cholera in 1837 led to a revolt against the Bourbon government. The punishment was the move of the province capital seat to Noto, but the unrest had not been totally choked, as the Siracusani took part to the 1848 revolution.
After the Unification of Italy of 1865, Syracuse regained its status of provincial capital. In 1870 the walls were demolished and a bridge connecting the mainland to Ortygia island was built. In the following year a railway link was constructed.
Heavy destruction was caused by the Allied and the German bombings in 1943. After the end of World War II the northern quarters of Syracuse experienced a heavy, often chaotic, expansion, favoured by the quick process of industrialization.
Syracuse today has about 125,000 inhabitants and numerous attractions for the visitor interested in historical sites (such as the Ear of Dionysius). A process of recovering and restoring the historical centre has been ongoing since the 1990s. Nearby places of note include Catania, Noto, Modica and Ragusa.
The Roman amphitheatre. The Maniace Castle. Detail of Palazzo Beneventano Del Bosco. View of Archimede Square. Ancient buildings. The Temple of Apollo, adapted to a church in Byzantine times and to a mosque under Arab rule. The Fountain of Arethusa, in the Ortygia island. According to a legend, the nymph Arethusa, hunted by Alpheus, took shelter here. The Theatre, whose cavea is one of the largest ever built by the ancient Greeks: it has 67 rows, divided into nine sections with eight aisles. Only traces of the scene and the orchestra remain. The edifice (still used today) was modified by the Romans, who adapted it to their different style of spectacles, including also circus games. Near the theatre are the latomìe, stone quarries, also used as prisons in ancient times.
The most famous latomìa is the Orecchio di Dionisio (Ear of Dionysius). The Roman amphitheatre, of Roman Imperial age. It was partly carved out from the rock. In the centre of the area is a rectangular space which was used for the scenic machinery. The so-called Tomb of Archimede, in the Grotticelli Nechropolis. Decorated with two Doric columns, it was a Roman tomb. The Temple of Olympian Zeus, about 3 km outside the city, built around 6th century BC.
Churches
The Cathedral was built by bishop Zosimo in the 7th century over the great Temple of Athens (5th century BC), on the Ortygia island. This was a Doric edifice with six columns on the short sides and 14 on the long ones: these can still be seen incorporated in the walls of the current church. The base of the Greek edifice had three steps. The interior of the church has a nave and two aisles. The roof of the nave is from Norman times, as well as the mosaics in the apses. The façade was rebuilt by Andrea Palma in 1725--1753, with a double order of Corinthian columns, and statues by Ignazio Marabitti. The most interesting pieces of the interior are a font with marble basin (12th--13th century), a silver statue of St. Lucy by Pietro Rizzo (1599), a ciborium by Luigi Vanvitelli, and a statue of the Madonna della Neve (Madonna of the Snow, 1512) by Antonello Gagini. Basilica of Santa Lucia extra Moenia, a Byzantine church built, according to tradition, in the same place of the martyrdom of the saint in 303 AD. The
current appearance is from the 15th-16th centuries. The most ancient parts still preserved include the portal, the three half-circular apses and the first two orders of the belfry. Under the church are the Catacombs of St. Lucy.
Church of San Paolo (18th century). Church of San Cristoforo (14th century, rebuilt in the 18th century). Church of Santa Lucìa alla Badìa, a Baroque edifice built after the 1693 earthquake. Church of Santa Maria dei Miracoli (13th century). Church of the Spirito Santo (18th century). Church of the Jesuite College, a majestic, Baroque building. Church of St. Benedict (16th century, restored after 1693). It houses a painting of the Death of Saint Benedict by the Caravaggisti Mario Minniti. Chiesa della Concezione (14th century, rebuilt in the 18th century), with the annexed Benedictine convent. Church of San
Francesco all'Immacolata, with a convex façade intermingled by columns and pilaster strips. It housed and ancient celebration, the Svelata (Revelation), in which an image of the Madonna was unveiled at dawn of November 29. Basilica of St. John the Evangelist, built by the Normans and destroyed in 1693. Only partially restored it was erected over an ancient crypt of the martyr San Marciano, later destroyed by the Arabs. The main altar is Byzantine. It includes the Catacombs of San Giovanni, featuring a maze of tunnels and passages, with thousands of tombs and several frescoes.
Other edifices and sights
The Castello Maniace, constructed between 1232 and 1240, is an example of the military architecture of Frederick II's reign. It is a square structure with
circular towers at each of the four corners. The most striking feature is the pointed portal, decorated with polychrome marbles. The important Archaeological
Museum, with collections including findings from the mid-Bronze Age to 5th century BC. Palazzo Lanza Buccheri (16th century). Palazzo Mergulese-Montalto (14th century), which conserves the old façade from the 14th century, with a pointed portal. The Archbishop's Palace (17th century, modified in the following century). It houses the Alagonian Library, founded in the late 18th century. The Palazzo Vermexio, the current Town Hall, which includes fragments of an
Ionic temple of the 5th century BC. Palazzo Francica Nava, with parts of the original 16th century building surviving. Palazzo Beneventano del Bosco, originally built in the Middle Ages but extensively modified between 1779 and 1788. It has a pleasant internal court. Palazzo Migliaccio (15th century), with notable lava inlay decorations. The Senate Palace, housing in the court an 18th century coach. The Castle of Euryalos, built nine kilometres outside the city by Dionysius the Elder and which was one of the most powerful fortresses of ancient times. It had three moats with a series of underground galleries which allowed the defenders to remove the materials the attackers could use to fill them.
Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople | Wikipedia audio article
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The Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople (Greek: Οἰκουμενικόν Πατριαρχεῖον Κωνσταντινουπόλεως, Oikoumenikón Patriarkhíon Konstantinoupóleos, IPA: [ikumeniˈkon patriarˈçion konstandinuˈpoleos]; Latin: Patriarchatus Oecumenicus Constantinopolitanus; Turkish: Rum Ortodoks Patrikhanesi, Roman Orthodox Patriarchate) is one of the fourteen autocephalous churches (or jurisdictions) that together compose the Eastern Orthodox Church. It is headed by the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, currently Bartholomew I, Archbishop of Constantinople.
Because of its historical location as the capital of the former Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire and its role as the Mother Church of most modern Orthodox churches, Constantinople holds a special place of honor within Orthodoxy and serves as the seat for the Ecumenical Patriarch, who enjoys the status of Primus inter pares (first among equals) among the world's Eastern Orthodox prelates and is regarded by some as the representative and spiritual leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians.The Ecumenical Patriarchate promotes the expansion of the Christian faith and Orthodox doctrine, and the Ecumenical Patriarchs are involved in ecumenism and interfaith dialogue, charitable work, and the defense of Orthodox Christian traditions. Prominent issues in the Ecumenical Patriarchate's policy in the 21st century include the safety of the believers in the Middle East, reconciliation of the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Churches, and the reopening of the Theological School of Halki which was closed down by the Turkish authorities in 1971.
ASSOS - ANCIENT CITYS E07 with English Subtitle
Assos,
also known as Behramkale or for short Behram, is a small historically rich town in the Ayvacık district of the Çanakkale Province, Turkey.
After leaving the Platonic Academy in Athens, Aristotle (joined by Xenocrates) went to Assos, where he was welcomed by King Hermias, and opened an Academy in this city.Aristotle also married Pythias, the adopted daughter of Hermias. In the Academy of Assos, Aristotle became a chief to a group of philosophers, and together with them, he made innovative observations on zoology and biology. When the Persians attacked Assos, King Hermias was caught and put to death. Aristotle fled to Macedonia, which was ruled by his friend King Philip II of Macedon. There, he tutored Philip's son, Alexander the Great. There is a modern statue of Aristotle at the town entrance.
The Acts of the Apostles refers to visits by Luke the Evangelist and Paul the Apostle to Assos.
Today, Assos is an Aegean-coast seaside retreat amid ancient ruins. Since 2017 it is inscribed in the Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turkey.
Παναγία Αγιάσου ΣΔΕ Μυτιλήνης 2017-18
H Παναγία της Αγιάσου μέσα από ένα σύντομο βίντεο, και με αγγλικούς υπότιτλους.