ROERICH MUSEUM IN MOSCOW| ENGLISH SUBS| МУЗЕЙ РЕРИХА В МОСКВЕ - #Life_in_Russia (Ep. 9)
This video is dedicated to the famous painter, philosopher, traveller and public figure Nicholas Roerich. His close connection to Indian culture is reflected in his amazing paintings of Tibet and Himalayas.
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Episode 08 - SOKOLNIKI PARK in Moscow
Episode 07 - FOOD PLACES in Moscow
Episode 06 - 9th May VICTORY DAY| TANKS IN MOSCOW?
Episode 05 - RUSSIAN RAILWAYS| Is it really so scary?
Episode 04 - DANCE STUDIOS IN MOSCOW & MY DANCE PRACTICE:
TEST: How good you know the history of relations between INDIA and RUSSIA?
Episode 03 - RUSSIAN EASTER|Why no chocolate bunnies?|TRADITIONS| HISTORY:
WEEKEND IN BULGARIA-Part 2| Sightseeings| Meeting Bulgarian Dancer| Shopping:
WEEKEND IN BULGARIA-Part 1| Apartment in Sofia| Dance Star Competition:
Episode 02 - HOW TO GO FROM THE AIRPORT TO MOSCOW| Mistakes with TAXI| AEROEXPRESS:
Episode 01 - RUSSIAN VISA FOR INDIANS:
ABOUT ME and this VLOG:
I do NOT own any of the songs used in the video. They belong to their rightful owners. No copyright infringement intended.
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Tags: Life in Russia, Russia, Moscow, Russian cities, Russian traditions, Russian culture, Russian arts, How to live in Russia, Vlog about Russia, Russian vlog, Russian visa for Indians, Russia Indian, Russian Bollywood, Russian cold, Russian winter, I speak Russian, Moscow vlog, Russian Hindi, Moscow Delhi, Roerich, Nicholas Roerich, Helena Roerich, Svyatoslav Roerich, Yuri Roerich, Roerich family, Roerich paintings, Roerich Himalayas, Roerich in India, Roerich in Naggar, Kullu, Roerich Estate Kullu, Рерих, Рерихи, Николай Константинович Рерих, Елена Ивановна Рерих, Святослав Рерих, Юрий Рерих, Девика Рани, Куллу, Наггар, имение Рерихов в Куллу, музей Рерихов в Москве, Devika Rani
BATTLE OF THE DNIEPER RIVER 1943 EASTERN FRONT WWII UKRANIAN NEWSREEL 9 50494
This Ukranian-language newsreel shows the WWII era victory of the Soviet Army at Stalingrad, the Caucasus, and Orel-Kursk Salient Battle which changed the course of the war. The film begins in 1943 with the Battle of the Dnieper River. Soviet troops began the liberation of Eastern Ukraine.
The Battle of the Dnieper was a military campaign that took place in 1943 on the Eastern Front of World War II. It was one of the largest operations in World War II, involving almost 4,000,000 troops on both sides and stretching on a 1,400 kilometres (870 mi) long front. During its four-month duration, the eastern bank of the Dnieper was recovered from German forces by five of the Red Army's fronts, which conducted several assault river crossings to establish several heavily fortified areas on the western bank. Subsequently, Kiev was liberated in the Battle of Kiev.
One of the costliest operations of the war, the casualties are estimated at being from 1,700,000 to 2,700,000 on both sides. One of the most tragic events took place during the establishment of so-called Bukryn lodgement near the village of Malyi Bukryn (Myronivka Raion). The Soviet writer and war veteran Viktor Astafyev in his memoirs was recalling that 25,000 soldiers who entered the Dnieper from one side, would exit the river on the other side in amounts of 5-6,000.
2,438 soldiers were awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union which was more than had been awarded previously since the award's establishment and never again was there such a big number of laureates.
The narrator says: The German staff was confident that the mighty fortification so-called eastern shaft, the main part of which runs along the Dnieper - was impregnable. The Dnieper River will flow backwards before the Russians overcome us boasted Hitler.
But Soviet Army Lieutenant Yuri Melkov wrote: The Dneiper is a natural barrier. I can not say that this is nonsense. The steep, high banks that the Germans strengthened for two years. But Kiev is awaiting us, and we will come.
Yuri commanded a unit of well-known Katyusha rockets. He was a Knight of the Order of the Red Star. After his commander was killed in battle by the Germans, he became the battalion commander. The General told him: You are now a commander, you need to have a shave.
It was important not to allow the Germans to recover, and for us to cross the Dnieper River to the east and grab a foothold on its right bank. At the end of September 1943 the main forces of the Voronezh Front began to cross the Dnieper. Troops seized a bridgehead in the mouth of Pripyat (mark 3:31). The troops of the Southwestern Front began the crossing at the city Dnipropetrovsk (mark 3:44).
As a result of fierce battles the troops, with the active help of the local population and the guerrillas, created 23 bridgeheads on the right bank. Two of them were at Bukrin Lyutizh and played a crucial role in the liberated Kiev. The Nazis tried to push our troops back into the Dnieper River.
Every piece of land has been watered with the blood of Soviet soldiers. On October 10, 1943, in the battle for Lyutizh, Lieutenant Yuri Melkov died a heroic death. The Motherland will never forget the names of all the living and the fallen heroes, as well as not to forget the name of Yuri Melkova. Here in Lyutizhi, we erected a monument. The school museum contains his personal belongings, letters, photos and all his medals are preserved. No one is forgotten, nothing is forgotten!
The End.
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Музей-заповедник «Изборск» | Museum-reserve Izborsk
Изборск (в разг. речи также употребляется название Старый Изборск — для отличия от деревни Новый Изборск) — деревня в Печорском районе Псковской области России, один из древнейших русских городов, упоминаемый начальным летописцем как центр кривичского населения вместе со Смоленском и Полоцком.
В 1330 году псковским посадником Шелогой было завершено строительство мощной каменной крепости, которая выдержала десятки вражеских осад и сохранилась до наших дней, являясь выдающимся памятником оборонного зодчества Древней Руси.
Крепость на Жеравьей горе имеет форму неправильного треугольника со скругленными углами. С двух сторон она почти неприступна из-за крутых склонов, с напольной, юго-западной стороны были выкопаны рвы.
Стены и башни крепости построены из местной известняковой плиты на известковом растворе. Прясла стен с внешней и внутренней стороны крепости выложены слоем регулярной кладки, а внутри забутованы плитой на глиняном растворе. Площадь территории крепости составляет 2,4 га, протяженность стен 623 метра, их высота от 7,5 м — 10 м, средняя толщина — 4 м. Диаметр башен в плане −10-12 м, высота 12-19 м, средняя толщина стен башен — 3 м.
Крепость была мощным оборонительным сооружением своего времени, сыгравшим огромную роль в обороне Северо-Запада Руси, в частности Псковской земли, которая с середины XIV века стала независимой от Новгорода Великого. Все попытки Ливонских рыцарей овладеть Изборском оказались безрезультатными.
Никольский собор построен у главного входа внутри крепости — это одноапсидная постройка с очень толстыми стенами, сложенными из плитнякового камня. Центральный куб храма увенчан одной главой на мощном барабане, который украшен двумя простыми орнаментальными поясами.
Точной даты постройки храма нет, в Псковских летописях собор впервые упоминается под 1341 годом. В 16-17 веке к собору с юга пристраивается бесстолпный одноапсидный придел Спаса Преображения.
Об особом значении Изборска и его главного храма говорит тот факт, что при учреждении в 1589 г. Псковской Митрополии ее глава получил титул митрополита Псковского и Изборского. Никольский храм стал кафедральным собором.
Храм является действующим с момента освящения по настоящее время.
В 1966 году в Изборске снимался фильм «Андрей Рублёв».
В настоящее время — туристический центр. Государственный историко-культурный и природно-ландшафтный музей-заповедник (с 1996 года).
Словенские ключи - находятся недалеко от Изборской крепости на береговой террасе Городищенского озера, иногда назывались ключами Двенадцати апостолов.
Первое письменное упоминание об этих источниках относится к семнадцатому веку. Бьют ключи не менее тысячи лет. Это источники карстово-трещинного типа. Забор воды осуществляется на территории трёх-четырёх километров. Проходя через известняк и слои глины, вода фильтруется, очищается, но в ней остается много кальция и минеральных солей. Минерализация воды достаточно велика, как и мощность источников, ежесекундно выбрасывающих до четырёхсот литров воды.
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© Для СМИ и любых информационных площадок: вы можете использовать или копировать материалы из этого ролика полностью или частично, но только с указанием моего авторства (фотограф © Владимир Кот) и ссылкой на это видео.
BOAT TRIP ON DNIPRO RIVER ,KIEV
KIEV UKRAINE BOAT TRIP ON DNIPRO RIVER
Nikolai Ryzhkov The Last Premier of the Empire / Николай Рыжков Последний премьер империи ENG SUB
This is a 2014 documentary film about Nikolai Ryzhkov, the last Premier of the Soviet Union.
Ryzhkov talks about the hardships he went through during his service as the Prime Minister of the USSR, Chernobyl disaster, Spitak earthquake, Gorbachev's disastrous anti alcohol campaign, collapse of the USSR, how he got betrayed by Gorbachev more than once, the culture complex in Belgorod whose construction he organized. He also tells hilarious anecdotes and tear-jerker stories from those years. First time in English.
Translation done by myself.
Director: Alexei Gritsaenko
Stalingrad War Museum 2.MOD
Museum of the Battle of Stalingrad, Russia.
Putin and Me Against the World:' What the Russian Propaganda Cacophony Tells Us
MEDIATING THE 'NEW COLD WAR' IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Keynote speaker Masha Gessen
'Putin and Me Against the World:' What the Russian Propaganda Cacophony Tells Us
Mosca Il convento di Novodevichy inserito tra i patrimoni dell'umanità dell'UNESCO.
Il convento di Novodevichy venne fondato nel 1524 dal Gran Principe Basilio III per commemorare la conquista di Smolensk del 1514. Nel 2004 venne inserito tra i patrimoni dell'umanità dell'UNESCO. Il convento era noto per dar rifugio a molte donne delle famiglie imperiali russe e della famiglia dei Boiardi, che venivano spesso obbligate a prendere i voti.
Российская Империя: Екатерина II, часть 2. [05/16] [Eng Sub]
Российская Империя. Екатерина II. Часть вторая.
* Катальная дорога — родоначальница луна-парков.
* Екатерина — конструктор первого комбинезона и первый друг Вольтера.
* Потёмкинские деревни — быль и небыль.
* Аляска — Русская Америка.
* Разделы Польши.
* Возникновение еврейского вопроса.
* Путешествие из Петербурга в Москву.
* Вольный город Одесса.
* Платоша Зубов - последняя любовь.
2014 WWII Lecture series Operation Barbarossa Russia be dammed!
Hermann Göring | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Hermann Göring
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Hermann Wilhelm Göring (or Goering; German: [ˈɡøːʁɪŋ] (listen); 12 January 1893 – 15 October 1946) was a German political and military leader as well as one of the most powerful figures in the Nazi Party (NSDAP) that ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945. A veteran World War I fighter pilot ace, he was a recipient of the Pour le Mérite (The Blue Max). He was the last commander of Jagdgeschwader 1 (Jasta 1), the fighter wing once led by Manfred von Richthofen.
An early member of the Nazi Party, Göring was among those wounded in Adolf Hitler's failed Beer Hall Putsch in 1923. While receiving treatment for his injuries, he developed an addiction to morphine which persisted until the last year of his life. After Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933, Göring was named as Minister Without Portfolio in the new government. One of his first acts as a cabinet minister was to oversee the creation of the Gestapo, which he ceded to Heinrich Himmler in 1934. Following the establishment of the Nazi state, Göring amassed power and political capital to become the second most powerful man in Germany. He was appointed commander-in-chief of the Luftwaffe (air force), a position he held until the final days of the regime. Upon being named Plenipotentiary of the Four Year Plan in 1936, Göring was entrusted with the task of mobilizing all sectors of the economy for war, an assignment which brought numerous government agencies under his control and helped him become one of the wealthiest men in the country. After the Fall of France in 1940, he was bestowed the specially created rank of Reichsmarschall, which gave him seniority over all officers in Germany's armed forces.
By 1941, Göring was at the peak of his power and influence, and Hitler designated him as his successor and deputy in all his offices. As the Second World War progressed, Göring's standing with Hitler and with the German public declined after the Luftwaffe proved incapable of preventing the Allied bombing of Germany's cities and resupplying surrounded German forces in Stalingrad. Around that time, Göring increasingly withdrew from the military and political scene to devote his attention to collecting property and artwork, much of which was taken from Jewish victims of the Holocaust. Informed on 22 April 1945 that Hitler intended to commit suicide, Göring sent a telegram to Hitler requesting permission to assume control of the Reich. Considering his request an act of treason, Hitler removed Göring from all his positions, expelled him from the party, and ordered his arrest.
After the war, Göring was convicted of conspiracy, crimes against peace, war crimes and crimes against humanity at the Nuremberg trials. He was sentenced to death by hanging, but committed suicide by ingesting cyanide the night before the sentence was to be carried out.
I Am Twenty (Episode 2) (1965) movie
I Am Twenty (Russian: Мне двадцать лет, translit. Mne dvadtsat let) is a 1965 drama film directed by Marlen Khutsiev. It is Khutsiev's most famous film and considered a landmark of 1960s Soviet cinema.
The film was originally entitled Zastava Iliycha (known in English alternately as Ilyich's Gate or Lenin's Guard), but it was heavily censored upon completion, trimmed to half its original length, retitled and withheld from release until 1965. A restored 3-hour version was released in 1989, and is sometimes referred to by the original title.
The film follows the recently demobilized Sergei, a young man who returns to his Moscow neighborhood after two years of military service. We see the aspirations and realities of his tightly-knit group of friends, as well as the everyday lives of other Soviet citizens.
I Am Twenty (Episode 2) (1965) movie
Genres: Drama
Production Co: Gorky Film Studio
Directed by Marlen Khutsiev
Writing Credits: Marlen Khutsiev, Gennady Shpalikov
Produced by Victor Freilich
Music by Nikolai Sidelnikov
Cinematography by Margarita Pilikhina
Cast:
Valentin Popov as Sergei Zhuravlyov
Nikolay Gubenko as Nikolai Fokin
Stanislav Lyubshin as Slava Kostikov
Marianna Vertinskaya as Anya
Zinaida Zinovyeva as Olga Mikhailovna Zhuravlyova
Svetlana Starikova as Vera Zhuravlyova
Lev Prygunov as Second Lieutenant Aleksandr Zhuravlyov
T. Bogdanova as Lyusya Kostikova
Lyudmila Selyanskaya as Conductress
Aleksandr Blinov as Kuzmich
Lev Zolotukhin as Anya's Father
Pyotr Shcherbakov as Chernousov
Gennadi Nekrasov as Vladimir Vasilyevich
Nikolay Zakharchenko as Friend
Andrei Tarkovsky as 'Turnip' Jerk Guest at Anya's Party
Dmitri Fyodorovsky
Andrey Konchalovskiy as Yuri - Guest at Anya's Party
Svetlana Svetlichnaya as Sveta
Olga Gobzeva
Pavel Finn
Rodion Nahapetov
Natalya Ryazantseva
Bella Akhmadulina cameo
Evgeniy Evtushenko cameo
Rimma Kazakova cameo
Bulat Okudzhava cameo
Robert Rozhdestvensky cameo
Gennady Shpalikov as Exhibition visitor
Boris Slutsky cameo
Tamara Sovchi
Mikhail Svetlov cameo
Oleg Vidov
Andrei Voznesensky cameo
POLAND - WikiVidi Documentary
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a sovereign country in Central Europe. It is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, covering an area of 312679 km2 with a mostly temperate climate. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the sixth most populous member state of the European Union. Poland's capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk and Szczecin. The establishment of a Polish state can be traced back to 966, when Mieszko I, ruler of a territory roughly coextensive with that of present-day Poland, converted to Christianity. The Kingdom of Poland was founded in 1025, and in 1569 it cemented a longstanding political association with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by signing the Union of Lublin. This union formed the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, one of the largest and most populous countries of 16th and 17th century Europe with a uniquely liberal political system which declared Europe's fir...
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Shortcuts to chapters:
00:03:54: Etymology
00:04:29: Prehistory and protohistory
00:06:03: Piast dynasty
00:10:19: Jagiellon dynasty
00:13:41: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
00:18:20: Partitions
00:21:28: Era of insurrections
00:26:58: Reconstruction
00:30:40: World War II
00:38:45: Post-war communism
00:41:58: Present-day
00:45:42: Geography
00:47:24: Geology
00:50:40: Waters
00:55:58: Land use
00:57:39: Biodiversity
00:59:21: Climate
01:01:04: Politics
01:03:31: Law
01:07:31: Foreign relations
01:10:20: Administrative divisions
01:11:15: Military
01:15:26: Law enforcement and emergency services
01:16:56: Economy
01:21:14: Corporations
01:22:48: Tourism
01:24:55: Energy
01:26:43: Transport
01:30:42: Science and technology
01:32:44: Communications
01:34:24: Demographics
01:38:07: Languages
01:39:57: Religion
01:44:47: Health
01:46:45: Education
01:49:26: Culture
01:50:25: Famous people
01:51:39: Society
01:54:06: Music
01:58:10: Art
02:00:44: Architecture
02:04:53: Literature
02:09:46: Media
02:12:18: Cuisine
02:14:37: Sports
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Copyright WikiVidi.
Licensed under Creative Commons.
Wikipedia link:
Nazi Germany | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Nazi Germany
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Nazi Germany is the common English name for Germany between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party (NSDAP) controlled the country through a dictatorship. Under Hitler's rule, Germany was transformed into a totalitarian state that controlled nearly all aspects of life via the Gleichschaltung legal process. The official name of the state was Deutsches Reich (German Reich) until 1943 and Großdeutsches Reich (Greater German Reich) from 1943 to 1945. Nazi Germany is also known as the Third Reich, from German Drittes Reich, meaning Third Realm or Third Empire, the first two being the Holy Roman Empire and the German Empire. The Nazi regime ended after the Allies defeated Germany in May 1945, ending World War II in Europe.
Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany by the President of the Weimar Republic, Paul von Hindenburg, on 30 January 1933. The NSDAP then began to eliminate all political opposition and consolidate its power. Hindenburg died on 2 August 1934 and Hitler became dictator of Germany by merging the offices and powers of the Chancellery and Presidency. A national referendum held 19 August 1934 confirmed Hitler as sole Führer (leader) of Germany. All power was centralised in Hitler's person and his word became the highest law. The government was not a coordinated, co-operating body, but a collection of factions struggling for power and Hitler's favour. In the midst of the Great Depression, the Nazis restored economic stability and ended mass unemployment using heavy military spending and a mixed economy. Extensive public works were undertaken, including the construction of Autobahnen (motorways). The return to economic stability boosted the regime's popularity.
Racism, especially antisemitism, was a central feature of the regime. The Germanic peoples were considered by the Nazis to be the master race, the purest branch of the Aryan race. Discrimination and persecution against Jews and Romani or Gypsy people began in earnest after the seizure of power. The first concentration camps were established in March 1933. Jews and others deemed undesirable were imprisoned, and liberals, socialists, and communists were killed, imprisoned, or exiled. Christian churches and citizens that opposed Hitler's rule were oppressed, and many leaders imprisoned. Education focused on racial biology, population policy, and fitness for military service. Career and educational opportunities for women were curtailed. Recreation and tourism were organised via the Strength Through Joy program, and the 1936 Summer Olympics showcased Germany on the international stage. Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels made effective use of film, mass rallies, and Hitler's hypnotic oratory to influence public opinion. The government controlled artistic expression, promoting specific art forms and banning or discouraging others.
The Nazi regime dominated neighbours through military threats in the years leading up to war. Nazi Germany made increasingly aggressive territorial demands, threatening war if these were not met. It seized Austria and Czechoslovakia in 1938 and 1939. Hitler made a non-aggression pact with Joseph Stalin and invaded Poland in September 1939, launching World War II in Europe. By early 1941, Germany controlled much of Europe. Reichskommissariats took control of conquered areas and a German administration was established in what was left of Poland. Germany exploited the raw materials and labour of both its occupied territories and its allies. Millions of Jews and other peoples deemed undesirable by the state were imprisoned, murdered in Nazi concentration camps and extermination camps, or shot in the Holocaust, through war crimes, and other crimes against humanity.
While the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 was initially successful, the Soviet resurgence and entry of the US into the war meant the Wehrmacht lost the initiative on the Eastern Front in 1943 and by late 1944 had been pushed back to ...
Best of Living in Iowa 134
In this episode of the Best of Living in Iowa, we learn about Shinkendo, the Japanese art of swordsmanship. Talk with Robert Waller, internationally acclaimed author of The Bridges of Madison County, twelve years after his book sent him soaring to fame and fortune. And, we see how the Isiserettes are not just another drill team.
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ABOUT LIVING IN IOWA
For 16 seasons, Living in Iowa was an omnibus television series that illustrated what it meant to be uniquely Iowan. Through compelling human interest stories, it provided snapshots of Iowans representing every walk of life. As part of its 50th anniversary, Iowa Public Television will revisit this popular series through The Best of Living in Iowa, a weekly program that features stories gathered from the archives of the original series. From this rich treasure trove of stories, viewers will relive moments from the past and be reminded of Iowa's unique heritage.
Почему Telegram лучший мессенджер всех времён и народов?
Телеграм — почему это лучший мессенждер в мире. Как WhatsApp, Viber и ВК заимствуют функции у Telegram. В чем крутость Телеграм каналов, стикеров, ботов, Telegraph. Павел Дуров и его команда — гении. А также многое другое о Телеграм (Телеграмм) — переходите на светлую сторону силы!
Подписывайтесь на канал YouTube –
Мой Telegram канал –
Телеграм для iOS -
Телеграм для Андроид -
Скачать Телегам на Widnows, Mac и т.д. - или
Стикеры Телеграм, например, здесь -
Как добавить свои стикеры в Телеграм -
00:46 Как я пришел к Telegram
02:04 Стикеры Телеграм
05:55 Кроссплатформенность
07:13 Облачное хранилище Телеграм
08:06 Кастомизация, темы Телеграм
09:52 Настройки всего подряд
11:30 Боты, каналы, общие чаты в Телеграм
14:06 Аудио и видео сообщения в Телеграм
15:25 Обновления в Телеграм или как это делать правильно
16:23 Telegraph и Instant View – что это и как работает
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Napoleon | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:06:16 1 Early life
00:10:02 2 Early career
00:11:38 2.1 Siege of Toulon
00:13:20 2.2 13 Vendémiaire
00:16:50 2.3 First Italian campaign
00:21:01 2.4 Egyptian expedition
00:24:39 3 Ruler of France
00:26:43 3.1 French Consulate
00:31:19 3.1.1 Temporary peace in Europe
00:34:56 3.2 French Empire
00:37:47 3.2.1 War of the Third Coalition
00:44:52 3.2.2 Middle-Eastern alliances
00:45:49 3.2.3 War of the Fourth Coalition and Tilsit
00:50:53 3.2.4 Peninsular War and Erfurt
00:56:16 3.2.5 War of the Fifth Coalition and Marie Louise
01:03:10 3.2.6 Invasion of Russia
01:07:21 3.2.7 War of the Sixth Coalition
01:11:21 3.2.8 Exile to Elba
01:12:51 3.2.9 Hundred Days
01:16:02 4 Exile on Saint Helena
01:17:57 4.1 Death
01:19:34 4.1.1 Cause of death
01:22:17 5 Religion
01:23:51 5.1 Concordat
01:25:19 5.2 Arrest of Pope Pius VII
01:26:05 5.3 Religious emancipation
01:28:07 6 Personality
01:31:04 7 Image
01:37:29 8 Reforms
01:38:30 8.1 Napoleonic Code
01:41:41 8.2 Warfare
01:44:28 8.3 Metric system
01:45:30 8.4 Education
01:47:00 9 Memory and evaluation
01:47:10 9.1 Criticism
01:50:55 9.2 Propaganda and memory
01:54:22 9.3 Long-term influence outside France
01:55:47 10 Marriages and children
01:59:43 11 Titles, styles, honours, and arms
01:59:54 12 Ancestry
02:00:03 13 See also
02:00:14 14 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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Speaking Rate: 0.995867251327829
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Napoléon Bonaparte (, French: [napɔleɔ̃ bɔnɑpaʁt]; Italian: Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars. He was Emperor of the French as Napoleon I from 1804 until 1814 and again briefly in 1815 during the Hundred Days. Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars. He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles, building a large empire that ruled over much of continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815. He is considered one of the greatest commanders in history, and his wars and campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide. Napoleon's political and cultural legacy has endured as one of the most celebrated and controversial leaders in human history.He was born in Corsica to a relatively modest family of Italian origin from minor nobility. He was serving as an artillery officer in the French army when the French Revolution erupted in 1789. He rapidly rose through the ranks of the military, seizing the new opportunities presented by the Revolution and becoming a general at age 24. The French Directory eventually gave him command of the Army of Italy after he suppressed a revolt against the government from royalist insurgents. At age 26, he began his first military campaign against the Austrians and the Italian monarchs aligned with the Habsburgs—winning virtually every battle, conquering the Italian Peninsula in a year while establishing sister republics with local support, and becoming a war hero in France. In 1798, he led a military expedition to Egypt that served as a springboard to political power. He orchestrated a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic.
Napoleon's ambition and public approval inspired him to go further, and he became the first Emperor of the French in 1804. Intractable differences with the British meant that the French were facing a Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph over the Russian Empire and Austrian Empire at the Battle of Austerlitz which led to the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1806, the Fourth Coalition took up arms against him because ...
Environmentalism in Nazi Germany | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:05:07 1 Name
00:05:51 2 Background
00:08:55 3 History
00:09:03 3.1 Nazi seizure of power
00:11:58 3.2 Nazification of Germany
00:14:40 3.3 Consolidation of power
00:17:35 3.4 Military build-up
00:20:44 3.4.1 Austria and Czechoslovakia
00:22:49 3.4.2 Poland
00:24:08 3.5 World War II
00:24:17 3.5.1 Foreign policy
00:25:33 3.5.2 Outbreak of war
00:27:22 3.5.3 Conquest of Europe
00:29:49 3.5.4 Invasion of the Soviet Union
00:32:27 3.5.5 Turning point and collapse
00:36:51 3.5.6 German casualties
00:38:36 4 Geography
00:38:45 4.1 Territorial changes
00:40:06 4.2 Occupied territories
00:41:39 4.3 Post-war changes
00:43:03 5 Politics
00:43:11 5.1 Ideology
00:45:10 5.2 Government
00:47:39 5.3 Law
00:50:28 6 Military and paramilitary
00:50:37 6.1 Wehrmacht
00:53:01 6.2 The SA and SS
00:56:20 7 Economy
00:56:29 7.1 Reich economics
01:02:04 7.2 Wartime economy and forced labour
01:05:02 7.3 Financial exploitation of conquered territories
01:08:56 8 Racial policy and eugenics
01:09:06 8.1 Racism and antisemitism
01:09:44 8.2 Persecution of Jews
01:12:27 8.3 Persecution of Roma
01:14:19 8.4 Other persecuted groups
01:15:32 8.5 Generalplan Ost
01:18:10 8.6 The Holocaust and Final Solution
01:19:45 8.7 Oppression of ethnic Poles
01:20:47 8.8 Mistreatment of Soviet POWs
01:21:42 9 Society
01:21:50 9.1 Education
01:25:05 9.2 Role of women and family
01:30:33 9.3 Health
01:32:09 9.4 Environmentalism
01:33:24 9.5 Oppression of churches
01:38:44 9.6 Resistance to the regime
01:41:57 10 Culture
01:43:49 10.1 Censorship
01:46:01 10.2 Architecture and art
01:47:59 10.3 Film
01:49:30 11 Legacy
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8335129179592407
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Nazi Germany is the common English name for Germany between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party (NSDAP) controlled the country through a dictatorship. Under Hitler's rule, Germany was transformed into a totalitarian state where nearly all aspects of life were controlled by the government. The official name of the state was Deutsches Reich (German Reich) until 1943 and Großdeutsches Reich (Greater German Reich) from 1943 to 1945. Nazi Germany is also known as the Third Reich (Drittes Reich), meaning Third Realm or Third Empire, the first two being the Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and the German Empire (1871–1918). The Nazi regime ended after the Allies defeated Germany in May 1945, ending World War II in Europe.
Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany by the President of the Weimar Republic, Paul von Hindenburg, on 30 January 1933. The NSDAP then began to eliminate all political opposition and consolidate its power. Hindenburg died on 2 August 1934 and Hitler became dictator of Germany by merging the offices and powers of the Chancellery and Presidency. A national referendum held 19 August 1934 confirmed Hitler as sole Führer (leader) of Germany. All power was centralised in Hitler's person and his word became the highest law. The government was not a coordinated, co-operating body, but a collection of factions struggling for power and Hitler's favour. In the midst of the Great Depression, the Nazis restored economic stability and ended mass unemployment using heavy military spending and a mixed economy. Using deficit spending, the regime undertook extensive public works, including the construction of Autobahnen (motorways). The return to economic stability boosted the regime's popularity.
Racism, especially antisemitism, was a central ideological feature of the regime. The Germanic peoples were considered by the Nazis to be the master race, the purest branch of the Aryan race. Discrimination and persecution against Jews and Romani people began in earnest after the seizure of power. The first concentration camps were established in March 1933. Jews and others deemed undesirable ...
Napoleon Bonaparte | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Napoleon Bonaparte
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Napoléon Bonaparte (; French: [napoleɔ̃ bɔnɑpaʁt], Italian: Napoleone Bonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars. He was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814 and again briefly in 1815 during the Hundred Days. Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars. He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles, building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815. He is considered one of the greatest commanders in history, and his wars and campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide. Napoleon's political and cultural legacy has endured as one of the most celebrated and controversial leaders in human history.He was born Napoleone di Buonaparte (Italian: [napoleˈoːne di ˌbwɔnaˈparte]) in Corsica to a relatively modest family of Italian origin from the minor nobility. He was serving as an artillery officer in the French army when the French Revolution erupted in 1789. He rapidly rose through the ranks of the military, seizing the new opportunities presented by the Revolution and becoming a general at age 24. The French Directory eventually gave him command of the Army of Italy after he suppressed a revolt against the government from royalist insurgents. At age 26, he began his first military campaign against the Austrians and the Italian monarchs aligned with the Habsburgs—winning virtually every battle, conquering the Italian Peninsula in a year while establishing sister republics with local support, and becoming a war hero in France. In 1798, he led a military expedition to Egypt that served as a springboard to political power. He orchestrated a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic. His ambition and public approval inspired him to go further, and he became the first Emperor of the French in 1804. Intractable differences with the British meant that the French were facing a Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph over the Russian Empire and Austrian Empire at the Battle of Austerlitz which led to the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1806, the Fourth Coalition took up arms against him because Prussia became worried about growing French influence on the continent. Napoleon quickly defeated Prussia at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt, then marched his Grande Armée deep into Eastern Europe and annihilated the Russians in June 1807 at the Battle of Friedland. France then forced the defeated nations of the Fourth Coalition to sign the Treaties of Tilsit in July 1807, bringing an uneasy peace to the continent. Tilsit signified the high-water mark of the French Empire. In 1809, the Austrians and the British challenged the French again during the War of the Fifth Coalition, but Napoleon solidified his grip over Europe after triumphing at the Battle of Wagram in July.
Napoleon then invaded the Iberian Peninsula, hoping to extend the Continental System and choke off British trade with the European mainland, and declared his brother Joseph Bonaparte the King of Spain in 1808. The Spanish and the Portuguese revolted with British support. The Peninsular War lasted six years, featured extensive guerrilla warfare, and ended in victory for the Allies. The Continental System caused recurring diplomatic conflicts between France and its client states, especially Russia. The Russians were unwilling to bear the economic consequences of reduced trade and routinely violated the Continental System, enticing Napoleon into another war. The French launched a major invasion of Russia in the summer of 1812. The campaign destroyed Russian ...
War crimes in occupied Poland during World War II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:41 1 The invasion of Poland (September 1939)
00:03:12 1.1 Indiscriminate executions by firing squad
00:09:20 1.2 Bombing campaigns
00:11:11 2 German and Soviet occupation (September 1939 – June 1941)
00:12:46 3 Soviet war crimes against Poland
00:14:26 3.1 Katyn massacre of Polish military echelon by the NKVD
00:16:10 3.2 Soviet deportations as a means of ethnic cleansing
00:17:52 3.3 Cultural destruction of Kresy
00:20:00 4 Terror in the German zone of occupation
00:22:25 4.1 German pacifications of Polish settlements
00:25:32 4.2 Extermination of psychiatric patients
00:28:37 4.3 Treatment of Polish Jews prior to the Holocaust
00:31:43 4.4 Cultural genocide
00:34:12 4.5 Forced evictions and roundups of slave labour
00:37:26 4.5.1 Concentration camps
00:39:52 4.5.2 Forced labour camps
00:41:11 5 German–Soviet war of aggression (July 1941 – December 1944)
00:42:09 5.1 Soviet executions of civilian prisoners June–July 1941
00:45:02 6 The Holocaust in Nazi-occupied Poland
00:45:13 6.1 Chełmno, Bełżec, Sobibor, and Treblinka
00:47:14 6.2 Auschwitz-Birkenau
00:48:50 7 Ukrainian massacres in occupied Poland
00:54:45 8 German massacres during World War II
00:56:15 8.1 Warsaw Uprising massacres
00:59:45 9 The end of German rule and the return of the Soviets (January 1945)
01:01:25 9.1 Internment of Polish nationals
01:02:50 10 Estimated casualties of World War II and its aftermath
01:04:48 11 See also
01:05:43 12 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9101237143227763
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Over six million Polish citizens, divided almost equally between ethnic Poles and Polish Jews, are estimated to have perished during World War II. Most were civilians killed by the actions of Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and their respective allies. At the International Military Tribunal held in Nuremberg, Germany, in 1945–46, three categories of wartime criminality were juridically established: waging a war of aggression; war crimes; and crimes against humanity. These three crimes in international law were for the first time, from the end of the war, categorised as violations of fundamental human values and norms. These crimes were committed in occupied Poland on a tremendous scale.In 1939 the invading forces comprised 1.5 million Germans and nearly half a million Soviets. Poland's territory was divided between Nazi Germany and the USSR. In the summer and autumn of 1941 the lands annexed in the east by the Soviets, containing large Ukrainian and Belarusian populations, were overrun by Nazi Germany in the initially successful Operation Barbarossa against the Soviet Union. Wartime German and Soviet actions eclipsed the sovereign Polish state, inflicted massive damage to the country's cultural heritage, and killed millions of Polish citizens. War crimes against Poland included deportations aimed at ethnic cleansing, imposition of forced labor, pacifications, and selective as well as mass murders.