TOP 40 NEWCASTLE (Australia) Attractions (Things to Do & See)
Best attractions in Newcastle - Australia youtube video - things to do in one of the city in New South Wales. Newcastle has so many best places to visit, so just watch this video and you will know what to do or what must see places in Newcastle.
Newcastle are known for its Newcastle Memorial Walk, one of the best scenic walking areas in Australia. Newcastle also known for its Blackbutt Reserve (nature & wildlife area) and Fort Scratchley (military base & facility). These 3 are top tourist attractions in Newcastle - Australia.
For beach activities in Newcastle, there are so many beaches such as Nobbys Beach, Merewether Beach, Newcastle Beach, Horseshoe Beach, Dudley Beach, Dixon Park Beach, etc. These beaches is most popular beaches in Newcastle.
Another things to do in Newcastle - New South Wales is come with family to water parks or pool on Merewether Baths. Others parks in Newcastle for take a fresh air is King Edwark Park, Foreshore Park and Honeysuckle Reserve. Tourist in Newcastle also likes to exploring national parks such as Myall Lakes National Park.
Next, feel free to explore historic sites or museums tourist attractions in Newcastle such as Newcastle Museum, Nobbys Head and Breakwall, Nobbys Lighthouse, The Lock-Up, Miss Porter's House, Shepherds Hill Fort, Convict Lumber Yard, Watt Street Wharf, Newcastle Mercantile Marine Memorial and World War One Memorial.
Others best places to visit in Newcastle is Christ Church Cathedral, St. Andrews Presbyterian Church, Baptist Tabernacle, Bathers Way Coastal Walk, Fernleigh Track, Newcastle Art Gallery, Hunter Wetlands Centre, Glenrock Lagoon, Maritime Centre, Marketown, Queens Wharf Tower, Railway Carriage Shed, Newcastle Region Library, Constance The Camel Sculpture, Newcastle Entertainment Centre and Watt Space.
Watch this video of TOP 40 NEWCASTLE attractions to know all things to do or what to do or best places to visit in Newcastle - New South Wales - Australia.
Merchant Mariners Memorial
Maritime Union Of Australia MUA
During World War II the sea was the main transport route, bringing to Newcastle the raw materials needed by its industries and taking away the industries products, as well as Hunter coal. Japanese submariner operated along the east coast of Australia from 16 May to 3 August 1942 and 18 January to 16 June 1943.
They sank 18 vessels and attacked another 15, killing 277 merchant mariners and 223 medical personnel, as well as attacking Sydney and Newcastle. In 1940-41 German mines sunk 4 vessels, killing 16, and a German submarine sank a vessel in 1944, killing 2.
14 men from Newcastle were among 23 lost when Iron Crown, en route from Whyalla to Port Kembla, was sunk by submarine I-27 on 4 June 1942; earlier it had damaged Barwon. On 22 July 1942 Allara was damaged by enemy action.
It was repaired in Newcastle but 5 fatalities of that action are buried in Sandgate General Cemetery. Submarine I-21 which sunk Iron Knight had previously sunk Kalingo on 18 January 1943.
Produced by Jamie McMechan Maritime Union of Australia Film Unit.
Australian Manufacturing Workers Union (AMWU)
Australian Services Union (ASU)
Australian Workers Union (AWU)
Construction Forestry Mining & Energy Union (CFMEU)
Electrical Trades Union (ETU)
Maritime Union Of Australia (MUA)
Public Service Association of NSW (PSA)
Unions NSW (Unions NSW)
Australian Council Of Trade Union (ACTU)
International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF)
International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
Yasmin Catley speaks on International Maritime Day
Swansea Labor MP Yasmin Catley speaks of World Maritime Day in NSW Parliament
Transcript
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME DAY
Ms YASMIN CATLEY (Swansea) (17:52): Today I acknowledge World Maritime Day, which is being celebrated today in this city. The theme for the year is Empowering Women in the Maritime Community, which is a great opportunity to raise awareness of the importance of gender equality and to highlight the important yet underutilised contribution of women within the maritime sector. It is great to see a focus on breaking down barriers and empowering women in the maritime community. Shipping has always been a male‑dominated industry and the same applies to many of the associated jobs and professions in the maritime community.
It is important to note the importance of shipping not just to New South Wales but also to the Newcastle region. This gives me the opportunity to boast that Newcastle has its first female harbourmaster, Jeanine Drummond. Newcastle Harbour is Australia's oldest export port and the largest bulk shipping port on the east coast. It is visited by more than 2,200 trade vessels each year and exports products such as grain, vegetable oils, alumina, fertiliser, ore concentrates and, of course, coal. The importance of the maritime industry to not just the economy of Newcastle but also to New South Wales should be noted.
In fact, international shipping transports more than 80 per cent of global trade to people and communities all over the world. Shipping is an essential aspect of our economy and it provides the most efficient cost-effective method of international transport for many goods. The shipping industry has also played an important role in the history of Swansea, with the shipbuilding industry in Swansea dating back to the 1850s. James Lewis Boyd is an important figure in the maritime history of Swansea and operated his shipyards between 1920 and 1952. During World War II this shipyard built 24 vessels for the Allies. For his contribution to the community, a reserve has been named after Mr Boyd.
Members in this place know that I come from a merchant mariner family. For me World Maritime Day is a day to remember the importance of the maritime industry and to commend the great work of the Maritime Union of Australia, many of whose members I have the privilege of representing in the electorate of Swansea. Today the union and its members are remembering and honouring the thousands of merchant mariners who have died on the job at sea while providing integral support to Australian and Allied defence forces. Merchant navy ships and their crew have been responsible for transporting valuable cargo and personnel during wars and conflicts. Unlike other warships they did not have the same defensive capabilities, leaving them exposed to attack from the enemy.
The merchant seamen were not trained for war, resulting in a massive loss of life. Most were ordinary, everyday seamen, unprepared for what was about to come before them. In World War I alone, 14,661 officers and men of merchant ships were killed and 3,295 were taken prisoner. With one in eight seafarers killed during the war, the loss of life was enormous and on a scale that outstrips the service-to-death ratio of all other contributors to the war. The contribution of merchant seafarers during this time is sadly overlooked. My electorate is one that is rich with maritime history. While we unfortunately do not know exactly how many people from the electorate of Swansea served, I have no doubt that there would be many.
For over 100 years the Maritime Union of Australia and the labour movement have worked tirelessly to ensure that maritime workers can leave home and be confident that they will come home. In June this year I was honoured to attend the merchant mariners memorial service in Newcastle. I would like to congratulate the Maritime Union of Australia for hosting World Maritime Day today and for commemorating and honouring all those men who went to work and sadly did not return home. I thank all merchant mariners both past and present for their services at sea and for the legacy they have left us with today.
Iron Boat Day 2010 - Port Kembla
Australian Council Of Trade Unions ACTU
Retired seafarer and Port Kembla Union Official Terry Tindale addresses fellow union members, friends and families of the hardship endured by he and his ship mates on board the BHP Iron Boats during the 50's.
Produced by Jamie McMechan Maritime Union of Australia Film Unit - Sydney, Australia.
Australian Manufacturing Workers Union (AMWU)
Australian Workers Union (AWU)
Construction Forestry Mining & Energy Union (CFMEU)
Electrical Trades Union (ETU)
Maritime Union of Australia (MUA)
Public Service Association of NSW
Unions NSW (Unions NSW)
Australian Council of Trade Union (ACTU)
International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF)
International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
GALLY'S FOLLY - The Donkey Man
Mickey was inspired to write this song after attending a June Tabor concert at the Sage in Gateshead. Prior to singing 'And The Band Played Waltzing Matilda', June talked about John Simpson Kirkpatrick and lamented the fact that nobody had written a song about him. The following day, Mickey went to South Shields to see Jack's statue and visit the local library. He asked to be taken into the archives, where he garnered the information for him to write this song (circa 2005).
Lyrics:
The great North East, a coastal town
The racket and din of the fair
The man with the donkey, a penny a ride
Bairns and beast safe in his care
But just seventeen on the Heighington he sailed
Bid farewell to the Tyne
Newcastle, Australia, humping the bluey
To the goldfields from the coalmine
CHORUS
But there off the South Shields Shore
You'll see Jack Simpson
On Murphy's back still rests his gentle hand
Though the sands are quiet
Like Anzac Cove, deserted
Are you waiting for a ride from the Donkey Man
1914 aged 22
From the merchant marines he was hauled
Jumped ship out in Fremantle
But in Perth he answered the call
Sent back to sea, in Gallipoli
Was the hell that awaited the brave
1500 aboard, come that first day ashore
Half that number lay dead in the grave
REPEAT CHORUS
Jack laboured to rescue the injured
With his donkey they toiled alone
Bahadur, Duffy or Murphy
Saving men with shattered bone
Each day through Shrapnel Gully
Faced the fire from Dead Man's Ridge
In the trenches around Monash Valley
Not a soul could believe what he did
REPEAT CHORUS
So I turn away from the Shields' coast road
To the pub in the centre of town
On the wall I find his picture
To his name drink another round
There's no VC to honour him
No medal was pinned to his chest
But the donkey stands firm by his statue
And that's the way to remember him best
REPEAT CHORUS
Photo credits:
John Simpson Parkin, Adam Carr, James Scott, Skyring, Australian War Memorial. All other photos are understood to be in the public domain.
HMS President Rnvr Rnvr Battle Honoured Colors (1922)
London.
Full titles read: R.N.V.R. BATTLE HONOURED COLORS - from Antwerp - to Anzac - 'come aboard' H.M.S. President for safe keeping.
L/S of naval officials standing in line. One man is holding the Union Flag (Union Jack). L/S's of Officers marching through the streets. L/S's of naval officials walking up ramp to the H.M.S. President with flag, L/S of senior naval officials saluting, the flag is handed over to the crew of the ship.
FILM ID:282.19
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Tribute to HMAS Sydney
At roughly 16:00 hundred hours, November 19th, 1941, west of Shark Bay, Western Australia, HMAS Sydney sighted a 'merchant' ship about twenty kilometers away and challenged it. It was, in fact, the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran.
According to Kormoran survivors, HMAS Sydney closed to within 1000 meters before being surprised and overwhelmed by the Kormoran's concealed artillery and torpedoes, which the Kormoran opened fire with.
The Germans reported seeing Sydney on fire at the horizon until 10PM that night, and saw flames emerging from time to time two hours further. Some time after the HMAS Sydney disappeared from view, the Germans heard several loud explosions.
Neither HMAS Sydney nor any of its 645 officers and crew were seen again.
However, as a final note, the Kormoran received mortal damage from the HMAS Sydney before overwhelming the Sydney. The Kormoran would sink, taking with her over 70 officers.
Disclaimer:
I own no part of the photographs presented within, nor do I own the music. This video is intended for entertainment purposes only. NO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT INTENDED!
Philippine Marine Corps train with HMAS Adelaide
Two ships from the Indo-Pacific Endeavour Task Group recently visited the Philippines and, among other activities, conducted joint training with the Philippine Marine Corps.
Led by HMAS Adelaide in company with HMAS Darwin, both ships were welcomed to the Port of Manila by the Philippines Navy for a full day of engagements including the visit by the Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte and Chief of Defence, Air Chief Marshall Mark Binskin.
The Task Group later sailed to Subic Bay for a four-day visit, where both ships received several-hundred visitors eager to view the new capabilities of the Australian Defence Force.
To demonstrate the capability of the Landing Helicopter Dock (LHD) ship, HMAS Adelaide, to support regional responses to humanitarian aid and disaster relief (HADR) events, the Australian Defence Force and Philippine Marine Corps (PMC) conducted a combined HADR training exercise in Subic Bay.
The HADR training activity involved more than 80 PMC personnel plus their vehicles embarked HMAS Adelaide in Subic Bay and were deployed ashore by ADF landing craft and PMC riverine craft.
Despite demanding weather continues due to the Typhoon Khanun to the east of the Philippines, the combined ADF and PMC HADR response force was able to rapidly deploy ashore.
Commander of Joint Task Group 661.1 Captain Jonathan Earley said the exercise was an important activity for both countries who share common interests and threats from natural disasters.
This is the first time the Philippines Defence Forces has had the opportunity to work with the Landing Helicopter Dock (LHD), Captain Earley said.
This training and exposure to our respective capabilities is a sound investment for the future, in that should either country be called upon to respond to a natural disaster in our region, we will be able to come together quickly and seamlessly to provide the necessary support to those who need it most.
In addition to the HADR exercise, Adelaide hosted a visit by participants from the Exercise Lumbas, which is an annual bi-lateral exercise between the Royal Australian Navy, Philippine Navy and other Philippine government agencies to enhance and develop procedures for the conduct of maritime support and maritime interdiction operations throughout the Philippines.
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Sydney Ferries Protest - Balmain
Sydney Ferries
More than 200 residents, workers and activists rallied today alongside East Balmain Wharf to protest against the State Governments plan to sell off the iconic Sydney Ferry Service. Speakers included the legendary Green Bans campaigner of the 70's Mr Jack Mundey along with Greens MP Lee Rhiannon and Maritime Union Assistant Branch Secretary Paul Garrett coordinating the event.
Produced by Jamie McMechan Maritime Union of Australia - Film Unit.
Australian Manufacturing Workers Union (AMWU)
Australian Workers Union (AWU)
Construction Forestry Mining & Energy Union (CFMEU)
Electrical Trades Union (ETU)
Maritime Union Of Australia (MUA)
Public Service Association of NSW
Unions NSW (Unions NSW)
Australian Council Of Trade Union (ACTU)
International Transport Workers Federation (ITF)
International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
Street View's New Look on Google Maps Australia
Check out the new experience of Street View on Google Maps. Learn the new ways to enter Street View, look at our full screen mode, navigate through driving directions, and more.
Street View is a feature of Google Maps that allows you to quickly and easily view and navigate high-resolution, 360 degree street level images of various cities in Australia.
See at
ANDA PE5565 IMO 5016078 Emden Germany built 1936 general cargo vessel Schiff Frachtschiff coaster
Japanese midget submarine attack on Sydney Harbour WW11
In late May and early June 1942, during World War II, submarines belonging to the Imperial Japanese Navy made a series of attacks on the cities of Sydney and Newcastle in New South Wales, Australia. On the night of 31 May -- 1 June, three Ko-hyoteki-class midget submarines, each with a two-member crew, entered Sydney Harbour, avoided the partially constructed Sydney Harbour anti-submarine boom net, and attempted to sink Allied warships. After being detected and attacked, the crews of two of the midget submarines scuttled their boats and committed suicide without successfully engaging Allied vessels. These submarines were later recovered by the Allies. The third submarine attempted to torpedo the heavy cruiser USS Chicago, but instead sank the converted ferry HMAS Kuttabul, killing 21 sailors.
This midget submarine's fate was unknown until 2006, when amateur scuba divers discovered the wreck off Sydney's northern beaches.
Immediately following the raid, the five Japanese fleet submarines that carried the midget submarines to Australia embarked on a campaign to disrupt merchant shipping in eastern Australian waters. Over the next month, the submarines attacked at least seven merchant vessels, sinking three ships and killing 50 sailors. During this period, between midnight and 02:30 on 8 June, two of the submarines bombarded the ports of Sydney and Newcastle.
The midget submarine attacks and subsequent bombardments are among the best-known examples of Axis naval activity in Australian waters during World War II, and are the only occasion in history when either city has come under attack. The physical effects were minimal: the Japanese had intended to destroy several major warships, but sank only an unarmed depot ship, caused minimal damage to Allied shipping, and failed to damage any significant targets during the bombardments. The main impact was psychological; creating popular fear of an impending Japanese invasion and forcing the Australian military to upgrade defences, including the commencement of convoy operations to protect merchant shipping.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Japanese midget submarine attack on Sydney Harbour WW11
A piece of Australia's war history which was salvaged from the bottom of Sydney Harbour is to go on public display at Sydney's Anzac Memorial in Hyde Park
A Japanese midget submarine which attacked HMAS Kuttabul in 1942 .
21 sailors who died in the attack.
The attack on Sydney Harbour was a defining moment in Australian history.
We remember those who lost their lives in service to our country.
シドニーハーバーWW11日本の小型潜水艦の攻撃
シドニーハーバーの底から引き上げられたオーストラリアの戦争の歴史の部分は、ハイドパークシドニーのアンザック·メモリアルで公開展示されて行くことです
1942年にHMAS Kuttabulを攻撃した日本の小型潜水艦。
攻撃で亡くなった21船員。
彼はシドニー·ハーバーへの攻撃は、オーストラリアの歴史の中で決定的な瞬間だった。
我々は、サービスの私たちの祖国に命を失った人々を覚えています。
Triton Dispute - Tony Hyde
Tony Hyde speaks about the Triton dispute in Darwin. Produced by Jamie McMechan Maritime Union of Australia Film Unit.
Maryland Students Dive Deep Into Naval Engineering
Story link:
PACIFIC WAR - WikiVidi Documentary
The Pacific War, sometimes called the Asia-Pacific War, was the theater of World War II that was fought in the Pacific and East Asia. It was fought over a vast area that included the Pacific Ocean and islands, the South West Pacific, South-East Asia, and in China . The Second Sino-Japanese War between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China had been in progress since 7 July 1937, with hostilities dating back as far as 19 September 1931 with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. However, it is more widely accepted that the Pacific War itself began on 7/8 December 1941, when Japan invaded Thailand and attacked the British possessions of Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong as well as the United States military and naval bases in Hawaii, Wake Island, Guam and the Philippines. The Pacific War saw the Allies pitted against the Empire of Japan, the latter briefly aided by Thailand and to a much lesser extent by the Axis allied Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. The war culminated in the atomi...
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Shortcuts to chapters:
00:02:15: Names for the war
00:03:41: Participants
00:06:58: Theaters
00:07:51: Conflict between China and Japan
00:13:32: Tensions between Japan and the West
00:15:25: Japanese preparations
00:19:15: Japanese offensives, 1941–42
00:20:01: Attack on Pearl Harbor
00:22:45: South-East Asian campaigns of 1941–42
00:28:33: Threat to Australia
00:31:28: Allies re-group, 1942–43
00:33:14: Coral Sea and Midway: the turning point
00:40:42: New Guinea and the Solomons
00:41:41: Guadalcanal
00:43:50: Allied advances in New Guinea and the Solomons
00:44:50: China 1942–1943
00:47:12: Burma 1942–1943
00:49:00: Cairo Conference
00:49:27: Allied offensives, 1943–44
00:51:20: Submarine warfare
00:59:03: Japanese counteroffensives in China, 1944
01:01:01: Japanese offensive in India, 1944
01:04:34: The Marianas and the Philippine Sea
01:10:19: Leyte Gulf, 1944
01:20:48: Philippines, 1944–45
01:25:21: Iwo Jima, February 1945
01:29:05: Allied offensives in Burma, 1944–45
01:33:02: Liberation of Borneo
01:34:53: China, 1945
01:37:03: Okinawa
01:38:48: Landings in the Japanese home islands
01:41:03: The Atomic bomb
01:42:42: Soviet invasion of Manchuria
01:44:09: Surrender
____________________________________
Copyright WikiVidi.
Licensed under Creative Commons.
Wikipedia link:
Amsterdam | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Amsterdam
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Amsterdam (, UK also ; Dutch: [ɑmstərˈdɑm] (listen)) is the capital city and most populous municipality of the Netherlands. Its status as the capital is mandated by the Constitution of the Netherlands, although it is not the seat of the government, which is The Hague. Amsterdam has a population of 851,373 within the city proper, 1,351,587 in the urban area and 2,410,960 in the metropolitan area. The city is located in the province of North Holland in the west of the country but is not its capital, which is Haarlem. The metropolitan area comprises much of the northern part of the Randstad, one of the larger conurbations in Europe, with a population of approximately 8 million.Amsterdam's name derives from Amstelredamme, indicative of the city's origin around a dam in the river Amstel. Originating as a small fishing village in the late 12th century, Amsterdam became one of the most important ports in the world during the Dutch Golden Age (17th century), a result of its innovative developments in trade. During that time, the city was the leading centre for finance and diamonds. In the 19th and 20th centuries the city expanded, and many new neighbourhoods and suburbs were planned and built. The 17th-century canals of Amsterdam and the 19–20th century Defence Line of Amsterdam are on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Since the annexation of the municipality of Sloten in 1921 by the municipality of Amsterdam, the oldest historic part of the city lies in Sloten (9th century).
As the commercial capital of the Netherlands and one of the top financial centres in Europe, Amsterdam is considered an alpha world city by the Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) study group. The city is also the cultural capital of the Netherlands. Many large Dutch institutions have their headquarters there, and seven of the world's 500 largest companies, including Philips, AkzoNobel, TomTom and ING, are based in the city. Also, many leading technology companies have their European headquarters in Amsterdam, such as Uber, Netflix and Tesla. In 2012, Amsterdam was ranked the second best city to live in by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) and 12th globally on quality of living for environment and infrastructure by Mercer. The city was ranked 3rd in innovation by Australian innovation agency 2thinknow in their Innovation Cities Index 2009. The Port of Amsterdam to this day remains the second in the country, and the fifth largest seaport in Europe. Famous Amsterdam residents include the diarist Anne Frank, artists Rembrandt van Rijn and Vincent van Gogh, and philosopher Baruch Spinoza.
The Amsterdam Stock Exchange, the oldest stock exchange in the world, is located in the city centre. Amsterdam's main attractions include its historic canals, the Rijksmuseum, the Van Gogh Museum, the Stedelijk Museum, Hermitage Amsterdam, the Anne Frank House, the Scheepvaartmuseum, the Amsterdam Museum, the Heineken Experience, the Royal Palace of Amsterdam, Natura Artis Magistra, Hortus Botanicus Amsterdam, NEMO, the red-light district and many cannabis coffee shops. They draw more than 5 million international visitors annually. The city is also well known for its nightlife and festival activity; several of its nightclubs (Melkweg, Paradiso) are among the world's most famous. It is also one of the world's most multicultural cities, with at least 177 nationalities represented.
Guam | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Guam
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Guam ( ( listen); Chamorro: Guåhån Chamorro pronunciation: [ˈɡʷɑhɑn]) is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States in Micronesia in the western Pacific Ocean. It is the easternmost point and territory of the United States, along with the Northern Mariana Islands. The capital city of Guam is Hagåtña and the most populous city is Dededo. The inhabitants of Guam are called Guamanians, and they are American citizens by birth. Indigenous Guamanians are the Chamorros, who are related to other Austronesian natives to the west in the Philippines and Taiwan.
In 2016, 162,742 people resided on Guam. Guam has an area of 210 square miles (540 km2; 130,000 acres) and a population density of 775 per square mile (299/km2). In Oceania, it is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands and the largest island in Micronesia. Among its municipalities, Mongmong-Toto-Maite has the highest population density at 3,691 per square mile (1,425/km2), whereas Inarajan and Umatac have the lowest density at 119 per square mile (46/km2). The highest point is Mount Lamlam at 1,332 feet (406 m) above sea level. Since the 1960s, the economy has been supported by two industries: tourism and the United States Armed Forces.The indigenous Chamorros settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago. Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, while in the service of Spain, was the first European to visit the island, on March 6, 1521. Guam was colonized by Spain in 1668 with settlers, including Diego Luis de San Vitores, a Catholic Jesuit missionary. Between the 16th century and the 18th century, Guam was an important stopover for the Spanish Manila Galleons. During the Spanish–American War, the United States captured Guam on June 21, 1898. Under the Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded Guam to the United States on December 10, 1898. Guam is among the seventeen non-self-governing territories listed by the United Nations.Before World War II, there were five American jurisdictions in the Pacific Ocean: Guam and Wake Island in Micronesia, American Samoa and Hawaii in Polynesia, and the Philippines.
On December 7, 1941, hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Guam was captured by the Japanese, who occupied the island for two and a half years. During the occupation, Guamanians were subjected to beheadings, forced labor, rape, and torture. American forces recaptured the island on July 21, 1944; Liberation Day commemorates the victory.An unofficial but frequently used territorial motto is Where America's Day Begins, which refers to the island's close proximity to the international date line.
William Ewart Gladstone | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
William Ewart Gladstone
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
William Ewart Gladstone, (; 29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British statesman of the Liberal Party. In a career lasting over sixty years, he served for twelve years as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, spread over four terms beginning in 1868 and ending in 1894. He also served as Chancellor of the Exchequer four times.
Gladstone was born in Liverpool to Scottish parents. He first entered the House of Commons in 1832, beginning his political career as a High Tory, a grouping which became the Conservative Party under Robert Peel in 1834. Gladstone served as a minister in both of Peel's governments, and in 1846 joined the breakaway Peelite faction, which eventually merged into the new Liberal Party in 1859. He was Chancellor under Lord Aberdeen (1852–1855), Lord Palmerston (1859–1865), and Lord Russell (1865–1866). Gladstone's own political doctrine—which emphasised equality of opportunity, free trade, and laissez-faire economic policies—came to be known as Gladstonian liberalism. His popularity amongst the working-class earned him the sobriquet The People's William.
In 1868, Gladstone became Prime Minister for the first time. Many reforms were passed during his first ministry, including the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland and the introduction of secret voting. After electoral defeat in 1874, Gladstone resigned as Leader of the Liberal Party; but from 1876 he began a comeback based on opposition to Turkey's reaction to the Bulgarian April Uprising. His Midlothian Campaign of 1879–80 was an early example of many modern political campaigning techniques. After the 1880 general election, Gladstone formed his second ministry (1880–1885), which saw the passage of the Third Reform Act as well as crises in Egypt (culminating in the Fall of Khartoum) and Ireland, where the government passed repressive measures but also improved the legal rights of Irish tenant farmers.
Back in office in early 1886, Gladstone proposed home rule for Ireland but was defeated in the House of Commons. The resulting split in the Liberal Party helped keep them out of office—with one short break—for twenty years. Gladstone formed his last government in 1892, at the age of 82. The Second Home Rule Bill passed through the House of Commons but was defeated in the House of Lords in 1893. Gladstone left office in March 1894, aged 84, as both the oldest person to serve as Prime Minister and the only Prime Minister to have served four terms. He left parliament in 1895 and died three years later. Gladstone was known affectionately by his supporters as The People's William or the G.O.M. (Grand Old Man, or, according to his political rival Benjamin Disraeli, God's Only Mistake). Historians often call him one of the greatest leaders. A.J.P. Taylor has stated, William Ewart Gladstone was the greatest political figure of the nineteenth century. I do not mean by that that he was necessarily the greatest statesman, certainly not the most successful. What I mean is that he dominated the scene.
Adam Alter, Drunk Tank Pink | Talks At Google
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