KZ Płaszów - Concentration Camp
Pages show pictures and videos of the day taken at places connected with the World War II (Second World War)
mail: info@druhasvetovavalka.cz
TomTom POI of that place you can download here
tento bod zajmu do vasi navigce TomTom si muzete stahnout zde:
Brainpain - Hussaria EP [ULTRACULT001] | Minimix
Artist: Brainpain
Release Name: Hussaria
Type of Release: EP
Cat.no.: ULTRACULT001
Release Date: April 29th 2013
Tracks: 5 Tracks
1 Brainpain - Orsza
2 Brainpain - Nadziak
3 Brainpain - Where The Wings Ride
4 Brainpain - Hussaria
5 Brainpain - Obertyn
Beatport Link:
First to appear on Culture Assault's new release series ULTRACULT is Brainpain, a producer who really is coming up with the pattern ULTRACULT is all about.
Let us explain you why: Jakub aka Brainpain aka Yakoob is an extraordinary versatile artist/producer in the harder electronic music scene, breeding non genre tied experimental hard Drum&Bass and Dubstep as well as intelligent glitchsounds. Listeners with a practised ear will recognize that even if Jakub's output is different from release to release, there is a golden thread to follow, a true open minded artist at work.
With the Hussaria EP we tried to capture a certain part of Jakub's broadness and put it together in to an unique EP covering a historical topic related to his Polish home country's background featuring five stunning and different tracks from epic dark Dubstep to hard hitting snare monsters.
We asked the master himself if he could let us in on the plot of this release HUSSARIA, sharing his knowledge about history and music.
Brainpain: Let me give you a short history lesson which is related to this release.
Between first half of XVI century to the end of XVII century Poland had the best cavalry unit in history of civilisation.
The HUSARIA was heavy, armoured cavalry which was as fast as light eastern cavalry but had a power and armours stronger than western heavy cavalry. The hussars were famous for their huge 'wings', a wooden frame carrying eagle, ostrich, swan or goose feathers.
A metal-made horseman's pick called NADZIAK was one of the main weapons of the famous Polish winged hussars.It was often used as a means to penetrate thick plate armour or mail which the standard sword could not.
The Battle of ORSZA was fought on 8 September 1514 between the allied forces of Lithuania and Kingdom of Poland and the army of Moscow.The much smaller army of Poland--Lithuania (under 30,000 men) defeated the 80,000 Russian soldiers, capturing their camp and commander.
The Battle of OBERTYN
The Moldavians lost approximately 7,000 cavalry killed, 1,000 prisoners taken and the loss of their entire artillery train of 50 guns. The Polish losses were 256 killed.
Historical sources say WHERE THE WINGS RIDE not much has been left.
Website: culture-assault.com
Facebook:
Artwork: eatyourself - eatyourself.eu
Released by: Culture Assault Records
Release/catalogue number: ULTRACULT001
Release date: Apr 29, 2013
East Prussia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
East Prussia
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
East Prussia (German: Ostpreußen, pronounced [ˈɔstˌpʁɔʏsən] (listen); Polish: Prusy Wschodnie; Lithuanian: Rytų Prūsija; Latin: Borussia orientalis; Russian: Восточная Пруссия) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 1871); following World War I it formed part of the Weimar Republic's Free State of Prussia, until 1945. Its capital city was Königsberg (present-day Kaliningrad). East Prussia was the main part of the region of Prussia along the southeastern Baltic Coast.East Prussia enclosed the bulk of the ancestral lands of the Baltic Old Prussians. During the 13th century, the native Prussians were conquered by the crusading Teutonic Knights. After the conquest the indigenous Balts were gradually converted to Christianity. Because of Germanization and colonisation over the following centuries, Germans became the dominant ethnic group, while Masurians and Lithuanians formed minorities. From the 13th century, East Prussia was part of the monastic state of the Teutonic Knights. After the Second Peace of Thorn in 1466 it became a fief of the Kingdom of Poland. In 1525, with the Prussian Homage, the province became the Duchy of Prussia. The Old Prussian language had become extinct by the 17th or early 18th century.Because the duchy was outside of the core Holy Roman Empire, the prince-electors of Brandenburg were able to proclaim themselves King beginning in 1701. After the annexation of most of western Royal Prussia in the First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772, eastern (ducal) Prussia was connected by land with the rest of the Prussian state and was reorganized as a province the following year (1773). Between 1829 and 1878, the Province of East Prussia was joined with West Prussia to form the Province of Prussia.
The Kingdom of Prussia became the leading state of the German Empire after its creation in 1871. However, the Treaty of Versailles following World War I granted West Prussia to Poland and made East Prussia an exclave of Weimar Germany (the new Polish Corridor separating East Prussia from the rest of Germany), while the Memel Territory was detached and was annexed by Lithuania in 1923. Following Nazi Germany's defeat in World War II in 1945, war-torn East Prussia was divided at Joseph Stalin's insistence between the Soviet Union (the Kaliningrad Oblast in the Russian SFSR and the constituent counties of the Klaipėda Region in the Lithuanian SSR) and the People's Republic of Poland (the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship). The capital city Königsberg was renamed Kaliningrad in 1946. The German population of the province was largely evacuated during the war or expelled shortly thereafter in the expulsion of Germans after World War II. An estimated 300,000 (around one fifth of the population) died either in war time bombings raids, in the battles to defend the province or through mistreatment by the Red Army.
Video 2013-3-253 **UPPER SILESIA JOURNEY** part 8 of 9 BĘDZIN-The Castle Tower Nov 2-nd 2013
UPPER SILESIA JOURNEY-part 8 of 9
November 1-2nd 2013,my driving to Upper Silesia in Poland,route 380 km,max speed 190 kmph,visited my family in Dąbrowa Górnicza!
This journey cointains 9 clips,driving(3),Dąbrowa Górnicza (2),Będzin (3) and Slide Show Video!Hope u will enjoy!Amnas2011
THE BĘDZIN CASTLE is a castle in southern Poland. The stone castle dates to 14th century, and is predated by a wooden fortification that was erected in 11th century. It was an important fortification in the Kingdom of Poland and later, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
HISTORY:The village of Będzin originated in the 9th century. The local wooden fort, that the records show existed as early as the 11th century, was destroyed during the Tatar invasion in 1241 and subsequently rebuilt.
During the reign of Casimir III the Great the castle received an upgrade from wooden fortress to a stone one, and the stone fort was operational as early as in 1348. The growing trading village of Bytom was given Magdeburg Law city rights shortly afterwards, in 1358.
The castle was meant to be a military outpost on the southwestern border of the Kingdom of Poland (later, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth). It was the most westward fortification, and was meant to hold off any invasion coming to Lesser Poland from Bohemian or Silesian lands. In 1364 the castle was visited by Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor. In 1588, Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria, was held prisoner in here, after his defeat in the War of the Polish Succession (1587--1588).
GÓRNY ŚLĄSK-część ósma:
Mój wyjazd do Dąbrowy Górniczej 1-2 listopada b.r.przedstawiony w 9-ciu częściach:podróż samochodem(3),Dąbrowa Górnicza(2),Będzin-zamek(3)
oraz przegląd slajdów!Trasa 380 km,przebyta w ciągu 3,5 godziny,max prędkość 190 km/godz.W Dąbrowie Górniczej spędziłem młode lata,tu ukończyłem szkołę podstawową
i liceum.Oczywiście wyjazd wiązał się z odwiedzeniem mojej siostry i siostrzenicy oraz wizytą na rodzinnych grobach.Zapraszam do oglądania kolejnych części,serdecznie pozdrawiam!Amnas2011
KRÓLEWSKI ZAMEK w Będzinie -- średniowieczna warownia obronna wzniesiona przez Kazimierza Wielkiego w systemie tzw. Orlich Gniazd w Małopolsce, 4.5 km od granicy ze Śląskiem, na wzgórzu nad Czarną Przemszą; wielokrotnie niszczona, odbudowana w 1956 r.
HISTORIA fortyfikacji w Będzinie sięga IX wieku. Już wtedy na Górze Zamkowej wzniesiono gród, prawdopodobnie należący do plemienia Wiślan lub jego zachodniego odłamu. Gród był kilkakrotnie rozbudowywany: m.in. w miejsce pierwotnej palisady wzniesiono istniejący do dziś zewnętrzny wał podgrodzia, a wewnętrzny wał podgrodzia zniwelowano celem założenia cmentarza wczesnochrześcijańskiego (XII wiek). Osadnictwo podgrodowe rozwijało się na południowym stoku wzgórza (obecne podejście pod zamek i teren parafii Św. Trójcy). Wbrew rozpowszechnionym opiniom Tatarzy nie zdobyli grodu -- ślady spalenizny odkryte w wale grodu w świetle najnowszych badań archeologicznych (m.in. metodą dendrochronologii) pochodzą z lat wcześniejszych.
W 2 połowie XIII wieku, prawdopodobnie za panowania Bolesława Wstydliwego, w obrębie grodu wzniesiono kamienny stołp -- wieżę, istniejącą do dziś. Do niej Kazimierz Wielki w latach 40. XIV stulecia dobudował zamek, który składał się początkowo z zamku górnego (ta część -- po przebudowach -- istnieje do dziś) otoczonego dwoma pierścieniami murów, oraz dolnego, z bramą wjazdową od strony północnej (do dziś zachowane dolne partie murów). W roku 1349 wymieniony jest pierwszy burgrabia będziński Wiernko (Vernco), co wskazuje jednoznacznie, że w tym czasie zamek musiał już stać. Także przywilej lokacyjny (1358) zawiera słowa, że miasto lokowane jest pod zamkiem naszym. Budowa zamku związana była ściśle z utratą Śląska i jego przejściem pod panowanie czeskie (1348) -- granica między Koroną Polską a Czeską przebiegała wówczas po linii Czarnej Przemszy, a więc u samego podnóża zamku.
Rape during the Soviet occupation of Poland | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Rape during the Soviet occupation of Poland
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The subject of rape during the Soviet occupation of Poland at the end of World War II in Europe was absent from the postwar historiography until the dissolution of the Soviet Union, although the documents of the era show that the problem was serious both during and after the advance of Soviet forces against Nazi Germany in 1944–1945. The lack of research for nearly half a century regarding the scope of sexual violence by Soviet males, wrote Katherine Jolluck, had been magnified by the traditional taboos among their victims, who were incapable of finding a voice that would have enabled them to talk openly about their wartime experiences while preserving their dignity. Joanna Ostrowska and Marcin Zaremba of the Polish Academy of Sciences wrote that rapes of the Polish women reached a mass scale during the Red Army's Winter Offensive of 1945.Among the factors contributing to the escalation of sexual violence against women, during the liberation of Poland, was a sense of impunity on the part of individual Soviet units left to fend for themselves by their military leaders. In search of food supplies and provisions – wrote Dr Janusz Wróbel of IPN – the marauding soldiers formed gangs ready to open fire (as in Jędrzejów). Livestock was being herded away, fields cleared of grain without recompense and Polish homes looted. In a letter to his Voivode, a Łódź county starosta warned that plunder of goods from stores and farms was often accompanied by the rape of farmhands as in Zalesie, Olechów, Feliksin and Huta Szklana, not to mention other crimes, including murder-rape in Łagiewniki. The heavily armed marauders robbed cars, horse-drawn carriages, even trains. In his next letter to Polish authorities, the same starosta wrote that rape and plunder is causing the population to fear and hate the Soviet regime.
Richmond, Virginia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:14 1 History
00:03:23 1.1 Colonial era
00:04:19 1.2 Revolution
00:05:17 1.3 Early United States
00:08:04 1.4 Civil War
00:12:57 1.5 Postbellum
00:14:23 1.6 20th century
00:17:56 2 Geography and climate
00:19:37 2.1 Cityscape
00:23:23 2.2 Climate
00:27:59 3 Demographics
00:31:44 3.1 Crime
00:33:59 3.2 Religion
00:40:42 4 Economy
00:45:40 4.1 Fortune 500 companies and other large corporations
00:48:28 4.2 Poverty
00:49:22 5 Arts and culture
00:49:31 5.1 Museums and monuments
00:53:19 5.2 Visual and performing arts
00:54:05 5.2.1 Murals
00:54:23 5.2.2 Professional performing companies
00:57:50 5.2.3 Other venues and companies
01:02:07 5.3 Literary arts
01:03:33 5.4 Architecture
01:09:12 5.5 Historic districts
01:10:05 5.6 Food
01:10:39 6 Parks and outdoor recreation
01:14:38 7 Sports
01:18:11 8 Media
01:20:06 9 Government and politics
01:23:55 10 Education
01:25:15 10.1 Colleges and universities
01:26:32 11 Infrastructure
01:26:42 11.1 Transportation
01:30:22 11.2 Major highways
01:30:30 11.3 Utilities
01:32:53 12 International relations
01:33:03 12.1 Sister cities
01:33:33 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
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Speaking Rate: 0.90601071634439
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Richmond () is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. It is the center of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) and the Greater Richmond Region. Richmond was incorporated in 1742 and has been an independent city since 1871.
As of the 2010 census, the city's population was 204,214; in 2016, the population was estimated to be 223,170, making Richmond the fourth-most populous city in Virginia. The Richmond Metropolitan Area has a population of 1,260,029, the third-most populous metro in the state.
Richmond is located at the fall line of the James River, 44 miles (71 km) west of Williamsburg, 66 miles (106 km) east of Charlottesville, 100 miles (160 km) east of Lynchburg and 98 miles (158 km) south of Washington, D.C. Surrounded by Henrico and Chesterfield counties, the city is located at the intersections of Interstate 95 and Interstate 64, and encircled by Interstate 295 and Virginia State Route 288. Major suburbs include Midlothian to the southwest, Chesterfield to the south, Varina to the southeast, Sandston to the east, Glen Allen to the north and west, Short Pump to the west and Mechanicsville to the northeast.
The site of Richmond had been an important village of the Powhatan Confederacy, and was briefly settled by English colonists from Jamestown in 1609, and in 1610–1611. The present city of Richmond was founded in 1737. It became the capital of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1780, replacing Williamsburg. During the Revolutionary War period, several notable events occurred in the city, including Patrick Henry's Give me liberty or give me death speech in 1775 at St. John's Church, and the passage of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom written by Thomas Jefferson. During the American Civil War, Richmond served as the second and permanent capital of the Confederate States of America. The city entered the 20th century with one of the world's first successful electric streetcar systems. The Jackson Ward neighborhood is a national hub of African-American commerce and culture.
Richmond's economy is primarily driven by law, finance, and government, with federal, state, and local governmental agencies, as well as notable legal and banking firms, located in the downtown area. The city is home to both the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, one of 13 United States courts of appeals, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, one of 12 Federal Reserve Banks. Dominion Energy and WestRock, Fortune 500 companies, are headquartered in the city, with others in the metropolitan area.