Ep 285: Mendoza, Argentina and it's many facets
Mendoza is Argentina’s most important and prolific wine region, representing two-thirds of the nation’s wine production. We talk about the effect of altitude and other geographical features that make this area so unique. Then we break down sub regions and discuss the incredible diversity that guarantees there is a wine style for every palate out of this beautiful, mountainous wine region.
Here are the show notes:
First we tackle the stats and some history on the region:
High altitude vineyards in the Andes Mountains that range from 430-1610 M/ 1,411 – 5,282 feet Latitude: 32˚ - 34˚ south 151K hectares/373K acres 5 large sub-regions: Valle de Uco, Primera Zona, North, East and South Mendoza Zones Mendoza wine blossomed with the railroad coming through in 1885 and industrial wine production reigned for many decades. International markets weren’t a priority until the financial crisis of the late 1990s.
Next, we discuss the unique geography and terrain of the region:
We delve into the intense climate, the desert-like conditions, and how irrigation happens thanks to the inventions of the Huarapes and Incas We discuss the altitude for a long time (sorry if it’s too dorky!) – and why it is the most important thing Mendoza has going for it. Most vineyards are 3,000 -5,000 feet above sea level – big diurnals mean grapes can maintain acidity despite intense sunlight Soils: Alluvial with loose sand over clay – areas differ based on what runs down the mountain… Sandy areas – lighter, more aromatic elegance (red fruit) Clay-based soils with lime: Dark, powerful Malbec
We chat about grapes and wine colors of Mendoza
Red: 61.2% with the main grapes: Malbec – 40% Bonarda – 17% Cabernet Sauvignon – 12% Syrah – 9% Tempranillo – 6% White: 15.8%: Chardonnay – 21% Torrontés Riojano – 15% Chenin Blanc – 7% Sauvignon Blac 6.5% Rose: 23%
Then we riff on sub regions for the rest of the show!
I. South Mendoza:
San Rafael: Malbec, Bordeaux blends – Cab, Syrah, Bonnarda, Chard, Semillon, Torrontés II. East Mendoza
San Martin: Lots of coops, lots of Criolla Grande, Cereza, now moving to better wines Lower altitude, a bit warmer, flabbier
III. North Mendoza: also warmer, can be very soft/low tannin and low acid wines
IV. Primera Zona: Maipu and Lujan de Cuyo – 40% of Argentina’s wineries, 881 inn total
Maipu –12 districts, 6% of Argentine wine
Familia Zuccardi, Rutini and Trapiche have vineyards here Maipu is not quite as highly regarded as Lujan de Cuyo or Uco Valley Important Subareas:
Lulunta: East of Mendoza city, altitude is around 900-930m/ 3000 ft Rich style of Malbec Barrancas: 115 miles/185 km south of Mendoza city.Centered around the small township of the same name. Old region – started in 1880s Slightly warmer climate here and lower lower altitude – 2500 ft/750 m- softer and riper than those from other parts of Mendoza Cab, Syrah, Malbec
Luján de Cuyo –14 districts, 8% of Argentine wine production
Just south of the city of Mendoza and on higher ground to the west of Maipú Vistalba and Compuertas north of the river and Perdriel and Agrelo south of it Grapes: Malbec with Cab, Chard, Torrontes Hot, dry, desert-like but moderated by high altitude – average is 3300 ft/1000 m Alluvial soils are the big thing here – rocky, sandy, poor soils, mountain soils – lots of stress on the vine Catena Zapata, Bodega Septima, Cheval des Andes
Important Subareas:
Agrelo
Complex Malbec – long-lasting, powerful wines Also Cab, Syrah, Sauvignon Blanc In Center of Lujan de Cuyo: Bodega Septima, Pulenta Estate, Catena Zapata, Susana Bilbao
Las Compuertas
At opening of the Mendoza River as it emerges from the mountains -- Las Compuertasmeans the floodgates Malbec vines are some of the oldest in Mendoza, up to 100 years old. Other grapes: Cab Franc, Petit Verdot, Chardonnay Famous winery: Cheval des Andes
Perdriel
Small sub-region (20 kilometers/ 13 miles) south of Mendoza Some of the oldest vineyardsof Malbec and Cab Wines are subtler and more refined, floral notes
Vistalba (means view of the dawn in Spanish)
Southwest of Mendoza Malbec, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir Cabernet, Sauv Blanc, Bonarda Slightly higher than the surrounding regions -- better air circulation Wines are often elegant in style Trapiche. Bodega Vistalba
V. Uco Valley (Valle de Uco)-- 14% of all Argentinean wine
Hour's drive south from the city of Mendoza, famed wineries Since 2006, cultivated area grown by 65%, double the size of Luján de Cuyo Grapes: 50% Malbec, Cab Franc has potential, Chard, Torrontés Each zone offers a different profile of Malbec and other wines. European investment here – from Bordeaux in particular:Lurton, Rothschild and Rolland Soils: alluvial and fairly uniform: a clay and rock...