Post Christmas Outing 2015
A very well organised outing arranged by Mr John Davige. Many thanks to my good friend Jo Baetke for asking if I could go and for driving me to the various towers. Thanks Jo!
Harwell: a pleasant 16cwt 8 in E in a tall tower that is an early example of Neo-Gothic architecture (it dates from 1725). The tower has a nice 8 of which only the 7 lets them down.
North Moreton: a recently rehung 13cwt 6 (in G) in a tall tower with unusual crenelations. The 5 is the oldest bell and it dates from 1350.
Cholsey: a 10cwt 8 (in G) in a Norman church idyllically situated in the heart of rural Oxfordshire. These bells are not the best (the treble being a difficult bell as it won't go up at hand and goes WAY too far at back) to ring and don't sound particularly good.
Wallingford: an excellent 10 in a fantastic flint tower that mainly dates from 1653. St Mary le More was mostly rebuilt in the mid 19th century, leaving the tower the only medieval part. The bells are easy going and sound old fashioned and grand. The tenor is in Eb and dates from 1738.
HOUSE of PLANTAGENET - WikiVidi Documentary
The House of Plantagenet was a royal house which originated from the lands of Anjou in France. The name Plantagenet is used by modern historians to identify four distinct royal houses – the Angevins who were also Counts of Anjou, the main body of the Plantagenets following the loss of Anjou, and the houses of Lancaster and York, the Plantagenets' two cadet branches. The family held the English throne from 1154, with the accession of Henry II, until 1485, when Richard III died. Under the Plantagenets, England was transformed, although this was only partly intentional. The Plantagenet kings were often forced to negotiate compromises such as Magna Carta. These constrained royal power in return for financial and military support. The king was no longer just the most powerful man in the nation, holding the prerogative of judgement, feudal tribute and warfare. He now had defined duties to the realm, underpinned by a sophisticated justice system. A distinct national identity was shaped by c...
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Shortcuts to chapters:
00:02:50: Plantagenet
00:03:52: Angevins
00:06:06: Origin
00:07:55: Arrival in England
00:10:08: Angevin zenith
00:17:29: Decline and the loss of Anjou
00:21:20: Baronial conflict and the establishment of Parliament
00:26:23: Constitutional change and the reform of feudalism
00:28:19: Expansion in Britain
00:33:43: Conflict with the House of Valois
00:38:25: Descendants of Edward III
00:41:04: Demise of the main line
00:43:39: House of Lancaster
00:47:57: House of York
00:54:54: Tudor
00:57:06: De La Pole
00:58:32: Pole
01:01:31: Stafford
____________________________________
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Licensed under Creative Commons.
Wikipedia link:
House of Plantagenet
The House of Plantagenet (/plænˈtædʒənət/ plan-TAJ-ə-nət) was a Western European royal dynasty that came to prominence in the High Middle Ages and lasted until the end of the Late Middle Ages. Within that period, some historians identify four distinct royal houses: Angevins, Plantagenet, Lancaster and York.
A common retrospective view is that Geoffroy V de Plantagenêt founded the dynasty through his marriage to Matilda, the daughter of Henry I of England. From the accession of their son, Henry II in 1154, via the Treaty of Winchester that ended two decades of civil war, a long line of 14 Plantagenet kings ruled England, until 1485 when Richard III was killed in battle. The name of Plantagenet that historians use for the entire dynasty dates from the 15th century and comes from a 12th-century nickname of Geoffrey. Henry II accumulated a vast and complex feudal holding with his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine, which extended from the Pyrenees to Ireland and the border of Scotland, that some modern historians have called Angevin Empire.
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Sheikh Ramzy Gives a Brief Introduction to Islam
Sheikh Ramzy speaks at St. Mary-Le-More Church in Wallingford, giving a brief introduction to Islam.
Islam is a Monotheistic Abrahamic faith, based on the belief in one God, revealed through the holy Qur'an, the sacred scripture.
The word Islam can be interpreted as ‘submission', or the total surrender of oneself to God (Allāh) the One and Only God of the Universe. However, there are other interpretations of the word Islam, relating to concepts such as peace, obedience and purity.
An adherent of Islam is known as a Muslim, meaning one who submits (to God).
Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world today with over 1.8 billion followers worldwide. One in every four people in the world is Muslim, making Islam the second largest religion in the world, after Christianity.
Muslims believe mankind should live according to the commandments of Almighty God without adding to or taking away from the basic principles revealed by Him.
Muslims believe that God revealed the Qur'an, the scripture of the Islamic faith, to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), God's final Prophet, and regard the Qur'an and the Sunnah (words and deeds of Prophet (pbuh)) as the fundamental sources of Islam.
Muslims do not regard Prophet Muhammad as the founder of a new religion, rather as the restorer of the original monotheistic faith of Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and all the other prophets (peace be upon them).
Muslims therefore, unlike other religions that take their name from their religious leaders, are not referred to as ‘Mohammedans'.
The name of the religion, ‘Islam' was chosen by God Himself, as stated in the Qur'an:
Muslims observe the Five Pillars of Islam:
The Declaration of Faith: There is no deity worthy of worship except God (Allāh)
The Five Daily Prayers
Annual Charity
Fasting (during the month of Ramadan)
Pilgrimage to Makkah
More information can be found at
Questions from the audience start here:
Rock Choir Leaders singing 'Budapest' by British singer songwriter George Ezra
Rock Choir Leaders singing 'Budapest' by British singer songwriter George Ezra
Street View on Google Maps
Go to Google Maps: |
Google Maps Playlist: | Check out the new experience of Street View on Google Maps. Learn the new ways to enter Street View, look at our full screen mode, navigate through driving directions, and more.
Street View is a feature of Google Maps that allows you to quickly and easily view and navigate high-resolution, 360 degree street level images of various cities around the world.
See at
Astronomical clock
An astronomical clock is a clock with special mechanisms and dials to display astronomical information, such as the relative positions of the sun, moon, zodiacal constellations, and sometimes major planets.
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Article text available under CC-BY-SA
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Oxford | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Oxford
00:01:10 1 History
00:01:19 1.1 Medieval
00:05:43 1.1.1 University of Oxford
00:07:43 1.2 Early modern
00:07:51 1.2.1 English Civil War
00:08:32 1.3 Late modern
00:10:14 1.4 20th and 21st centuries
00:13:52 2 Geography
00:14:01 2.1 Physical
00:14:09 2.1.1 Location
00:15:13 2.1.2 Climate
00:16:16 2.2 Human
00:16:32 2.2.1 Suburbs
00:17:26 2.2.2 Green belt
00:18:18 3 Economy
00:18:35 3.1 Car production
00:18:59 3.2 Publishing
00:19:25 3.3 Science and technology
00:20:11 3.4 Education
00:20:37 3.5 Brewing
00:22:46 3.6 Bellfounding
00:23:02 4 Shopping
00:24:06 5 Landmarks
00:24:40 5.1 University of Oxford
00:25:22 5.2 The city centre
00:27:13 5.3 The Bodleian Library
00:28:12 5.4 Museums and galleries
00:30:57 5.5 Other attractions
00:31:31 5.6 Parks and nature walks
00:32:14 6 Transport
00:32:22 6.1 Air
00:32:46 6.2 Buses
00:35:00 6.3 Coach
00:35:46 6.4 Cycling
00:36:00 6.5 Rail
00:39:17 6.6 Rail–airport links
00:39:39 6.7 River and canal
00:40:30 6.8 Roads
00:41:17 6.8.1 A roads
00:42:38 6.8.2 Motorway
00:43:20 7 Education
00:43:29 7.1 Schools
00:43:37 7.2 Universities and colleges
00:44:04 8 Media
00:45:43 9 Culture
00:45:52 9.1 Theatres and cinemas
00:46:38 9.2 Literature and film
00:50:50 9.3 Music
00:52:33 10 Sport
00:52:42 10.1 Football
00:54:32 10.2 Rugby league
00:55:03 10.3 Rugby union
00:55:59 10.4 Speedway and greyhound racing
00:56:52 10.5 Hockey
00:57:25 10.6 Ice hockey
00:58:03 10.7 American football
00:58:27 10.8 Cricket
00:58:51 10.9 Rowing
00:59:20 10.10 Other sports
00:59:46 11 Twin towns
01:00:10 12 Gallery
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Oxford ( OKS-fərd) is a city in south central England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With an estimated 2016 population of 170,350, it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. The city is 51 miles (82 km) from London, 61 miles (98 km) from Bristol, 59 miles (95 km) from Southampton, 57 miles (92 km) from Birmingham and 24 miles (39 km) from Reading.
The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the city of dreaming spires, a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold. Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots.
Oxford | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Oxford
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Oxford ( OKS-fərd) is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With an estimated 2016 population of 170,350, it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. The city is 51 miles (82 km) from London, 61 miles (98 km) from Bristol, 59 miles (95 km) from Southampton, 57 miles (92 km) from Birmingham and 24 miles (39 km) from Reading.
The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the city of dreaming spires, a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold. Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots.
Shield of the Trinity | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Shield of the Trinity
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
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This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
The Shield of the Trinity or Scutum Fidei (Latin for shield of faith) is a traditional Christian visual symbol which expresses many aspects of the doctrine of the Trinity, summarizing the first part of the Athanasian Creed in a compact diagram. In late medieval England and France, this emblem was considered to be the heraldic arms of God (and of the Trinity).
Henry II of England | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Henry II of England
00:04:24 1 Early years (1133–1149)
00:08:18 2 Appearance and personality
00:09:58 3 Early reign (1150–1162)
00:10:09 3.1 Succession in Normandy and Anjou
00:13:27 3.2 Taking the English throne
00:17:11 3.3 Reconstruction of royal government
00:19:48 3.4 France: Brittany, Toulouse and the Vexin
00:25:57 4 Government, family and household
00:26:07 4.1 Empire and nature of government
00:29:58 4.2 Court and family
00:33:26 4.3 Law
00:37:30 4.4 Relations with the Church
00:39:52 4.5 Economy and finance
00:43:23 5 Later reign (1162–1175)
00:43:35 5.1 Developments in France
00:47:24 5.2 Thomas Becket controversy
00:51:50 5.3 Invasion of Ireland
00:54:26 5.4 Great Revolt (1173–1174)
00:59:12 6 Final years (1175–1189)
00:59:24 6.1 Aftermath of the Great Revolt
01:02:20 6.2 Family tensions
01:06:05 6.3 Henry and Philip Augustus
01:08:56 6.4 Death
01:11:37 7 Legacy
01:13:16 7.1 Historiography
01:15:47 7.2 Popular culture
01:17:05 8 Ancestry
01:17:14 9 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
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- learn while on the move
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Henry II (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle (French: Court-manteau), Henry FitzEmpress or Henry Plantagenet, ruled as King of England, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, Count of Anjou, Maine, and Nantes, and Lord of Ireland; at various times, he also partially controlled Scotland, Wales and the Duchy of Brittany. Before he was 40 he controlled England, large parts of Wales, the eastern half of Ireland and the western half of France—an area that would later come to be called the Angevin Empire.
Henry was the son of Geoffrey of Anjou and Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England. He became actively involved by the age of 14 in his mother's efforts to claim the throne of England, then occupied by Stephen of Blois, and was made Duke of Normandy at 17. He inherited Anjou in 1151 and shortly afterwards became the Duke of Aquitaine by marrying Eleanor of Aquitaine, whose marriage to Louis VII of France had recently been annulled. Stephen agreed to a peace treaty after Henry's military expedition to England in 1153, and Henry inherited the kingdom on Stephen's death a year later. Henry was an energetic and sometimes ruthless ruler, driven by a desire to restore the lands and privileges of his grandfather Henry I. During the early years of his reign the younger Henry restored the royal administration in England, re-established hegemony over Wales and gained full control over his lands in Anjou, Maine and Touraine. Henry's desire to reform the relationship with the Church led to conflict with his former friend Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. This controversy lasted for much of the 1160s and resulted in Becket's murder in 1170. Henry soon came into conflict with Louis VII and the two rulers fought what has been termed a cold war over several decades. Henry expanded his empire, often at Louis' expense, taking Brittany and pushing east into central France and south into Toulouse; despite numerous peace conferences and treaties, no lasting agreement was reached.
Henry and Eleanor had eight children – three daughters and five sons. Three of his sons would be king, though Henry the Young King was named his father's co-ruler rather than a stand-alone king. As the sons grew up, tensions over the future inheritance of the empire began to emerge, encouraged by Louis and his son King Philip II. In 1173 Henry's heir apparent, Young Henry, rebelled in protest; he was joined by his brothers Richard (later a king) and Geoffrey and by their mother, Eleanor. France, Scotland, Brittany, Flanders, and Boulogne allied themselves with the rebels. The Great Revolt was only defeated by Henry's vigorous military action and talented local commanders, many of them new men appointed for their loyalty and administrative skills. Young Henry and Geoffrey revolted again in 1183, resulting in Young Henry's death. The Norman invasion of Ireland provided lands for his youngest son John (later a ...
Astronomical clock | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:00:14 1 Definition
00:01:25 2 History
00:04:50 3 Examples
00:04:59 3.1 Rouen, iLe Gros Horloge/i
00:06:21 3.2 Su Sung's Cosmic Engine
00:07:18 3.3 Al-Jazari's castle clock
00:08:30 3.4 Strasbourg
00:09:37 3.5 Prague
00:10:44 3.6 Olomouc
00:11:59 3.7 Stará Bystrica
00:13:18 3.8 Astronomical clock of Taqi al-Din
00:13:53 3.9 Lund
00:14:36 3.10 Besançon, France
00:15:28 3.11 Beauvais, France
00:16:21 3.12 Copenhagen
00:17:04 3.13 The Rasmus Sørnes Clock
00:18:59 3.14 Table clocks
00:19:44 3.15 Watches
00:20:18 3.16 Others
00:25:50 4 Generic description
00:26:05 4.1 Time of day
00:27:31 4.2 Calendar and zodiac
00:29:08 4.3 Moon
00:29:36 4.4 Hour lines
00:30:19 4.5 Aspects
00:31:22 4.6 Dragon hand: eclipse prediction and lunar nodes
00:32:25 5 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
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There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
An astronomical clock is a clock with special mechanisms and dials to display astronomical information, such as the relative positions of the sun, moon, zodiacal constellations, and sometimes major planets.
History of timekeeping devices | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of timekeeping devices
00:02:42 1 Timekeeping devices of early civilizations
00:03:49 1.1 Ancient Egypt
00:06:24 1.2 Ancient Greece and Rome
00:11:25 1.3 Ancient and medieval Persia
00:13:44 1.4 Ancient and medieval China
00:15:12 2 Timekeeping innovations in medieval and pre-modern periods
00:16:11 2.1 Candle clocks
00:18:14 2.2 Incense clocks
00:21:25 2.3 Sundials
00:23:09 2.4 Hourglass
00:24:16 2.5 Clocks with gears and escapements
00:29:38 2.6 Clock towers
00:30:39 2.7 Astronomical clocks
00:32:27 2.8 Early mechanical clocks and watches
00:39:03 2.8.1 Wristwatch
00:43:47 2.8.2 Equation clock
00:44:38 3 Era of precision timekeeping
00:44:48 3.1 Pendulum clock
00:47:30 3.2 Spiral-hairspring watch
00:49:08 3.3 Pocket watch
00:50:16 3.4 Marine chronometer
00:52:00 3.5 Electric clock
00:53:02 3.6 Quartz clock and watch
00:54:16 3.7 Atomic clock
00:56:10 4 Clock and watch-making industry
00:59:59 5 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
For thousands of years, devices have been used to measure and keep track of time. The current sexagesimal system of time measurement dates to approximately 2000 BC from the Sumerians.
The Egyptians divided the day into two 12-hour periods, and used large obelisks to track the movement of the sun. They also developed water clocks, which were probably first used in the Precinct of Amun-Re, and later outside Egypt as well; they were employed frequently by the Ancient Greeks, who called them clepsydrae. The Zhou dynasty is believed to have used the outflow water clock around the same time, devices which were introduced from Mesopotamia as early as 2000 BC.
Other ancient timekeeping devices include the candle clock, used in ancient China, ancient Japan, England and Mesopotamia; the timestick, widely used in India and Tibet, as well as some parts of Europe; and the hourglass, which functioned similarly to a water clock. The sundial, another early clock, relies on shadows to provide a good estimate of the hour on a sunny day. It is not so useful in cloudy weather or at night and requires recalibration as the seasons change (if the gnomon was not aligned with the Earth's axis).
The earliest known clock with a water-powered escapement mechanism, which transferred rotational energy into intermittent motions, dates back to 3rd century BC in ancient Greece; Chinese engineers later invented clocks incorporating mercury-powered escapement mechanisms in the 10th century, followed by Iranian engineers inventing water clocks driven by gears and weights in the 11th century.The first mechanical clocks, employing the verge escapement mechanism with a foliot or balance wheel timekeeper, were invented in Europe at around the start of the 14th century, and became the standard timekeeping device until the pendulum clock was invented in 1656. The invention of the mainspring in the early 15th century allowed portable clocks to be built, evolving into the first pocketwatches by the 17th century, but these were not very accurate until the balance spring was added to the balance wheel in the mid 17th century.
The pendulum clock remained the most accurate timekeeper until the 1930s, when quartz oscillators were invented, followed by atomic clocks after World War 2. Although initially limited to laboratories, the development of microelectronics in the 1960s made quartz clocks both compact and cheap to produce, and by the 1980s they became the world's dominant timekeeping technology in both clocks and wristwatches.
Atomic clocks are far more accurate than any previous timekeeping device, and are used to calibrate other clocks and to calculate the International Atomic Time; a standardized civil system, Coordinated Universal Time, is based on atomic time.
Oxford | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:40 1 History
00:01:50 1.1 Medieval
00:07:45 1.1.1 University of Oxford
00:10:26 1.2 Early modern
00:10:35 1.2.1 English Civil War
00:11:29 1.3 Late modern
00:13:40 1.4 20th and 21st centuries
00:18:34 2 Geography
00:18:44 2.1 Physical
00:18:52 2.1.1 Location
00:20:17 2.1.2 Climate
00:21:42 2.2 Human
00:22:00 2.2.1 Suburbs
00:23:11 2.2.2 Green belt
00:24:37 3 Economy
00:24:58 3.1 Car production
00:25:27 3.2 Publishing
00:25:59 3.3 Science and technology
00:27:00 3.4 Education
00:27:32 3.5 Brewing
00:30:26 3.6 Bellfounding
00:30:45 4 Shopping
00:32:08 5 Landmarks
00:32:50 5.1 University of Oxford
00:33:45 5.2 The city centre
00:36:11 5.3 The Bodleian Library
00:37:27 5.4 Museums and galleries
00:41:11 5.5 Other attractions
00:41:54 5.6 Parks and nature walks
00:42:50 6 Transport
00:43:00 6.1 Air
00:43:29 6.2 Buses
00:46:32 6.3 Coach
00:47:30 6.4 Cycling
00:47:48 6.5 Rail
00:52:16 6.6 Rail–airport links
00:52:46 6.7 River and canal
00:53:52 6.8 Roads
00:55:04 6.8.1 A roads
00:56:51 6.8.2 Motorway
00:57:47 7 Education
00:57:56 7.1 Schools
00:58:05 7.2 Universities and colleges
00:58:39 8 Media
01:00:51 9 Culture
01:01:00 9.1 Theatres and cinemas
01:02:00 9.2 Literature and film
01:07:39 9.3 Music
01:09:54 10 Sport
01:10:04 10.1 Football
01:12:30 10.2 Rugby league
01:13:11 10.3 Rugby union
01:14:22 10.4 Speedway and greyhound racing
01:15:31 10.5 Hockey
01:16:14 10.6 Ice hockey
01:17:02 10.7 American football
01:17:31 10.8 Cricket
01:18:00 10.9 Rowing
01:18:36 10.10 Other sports
01:19:09 11 Twin towns
01:19:41 12 Gallery
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7780079905673059
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Oxford ( OKS-fərd) is a university city in south central England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With a population of approximately 155,000, it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, with one of the fastest growing populations in the UK, and it remains the most ethnically diverse area in Oxfordshire county. The city is 51 miles (82 km) from London, 61 miles (98 km) from Bristol, 59 miles (95 km) from Southampton, 57 miles (92 km) from Birmingham and 24 miles (39 km) from Reading.
The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the City of Dreaming Spires, a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold. Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots.