Aquaponics, or Bringing the Farming of the Future to Armenia
Link to the article:
Author: Lusine Balyan
The thousand-odd residents of Apaga, a village by the Turkish border in western Armenia, have engaged in traditional farming for generations - ploughing the land, planting the seeds, watering and fertilizing the soil and picking up the veggies. So when microbiologist Artem Parseghyan, 29, and environmentalist Grigor Janoyan, 30, set up an aquaponics greenhouse in Apaga in 2013 their project raised a few eyebrows. Yet, the UK and German-educated Armenians maintain that the innovative system may save farmers in the Armavir province, one of Armenia’s poorest, where large swaths of land have become difficult to cultivate due to increasing levels of salinity.
Aquaponics combines raising fish and growing plants in one integrated system whereby the fish waste provides an organic food source for the plants and, in return, the plants naturally filter the water for the fish.
The two social entrepreneurs, through their Green Age NGO, attracted the funding needed to set up the facility in Apaga - they aim at educating the local farmers about the advantages of the system, training them in the greenhouse, and then leave the facility to the village so that it will then become community property.
В селе Апага (в переводе с армянского означает “будущее”), которое находится на границе с Турцией, уже несколько поколений люди занимаются традиционным сельским хозяйством - возделывают землю, выращивают сельскохозяйственные культуры, поливают и удобряют почву, собирают урожай. Поэтому, когда 29-летний микробиолог Артэм Парсегян и 30-летний эколог Григор Яноян создали систему аквапоники для выращивания апельсинов в селе Апага в 2013 году, не все однозначно восприняли эти нововведения. Тем не менее, новаторы, получившие образование в Великобритании и Германии, утверждают, что инновационная система может спасти фермеров области Армавир - одной из самых бедных в Армении, где большие участки земли стало трудно обрабатывать из-за отложения солей.
Аквапоника также дает возможность разводить рыбу и выращивать растения в одной интегрированной среде, в которой отходы рыб обеспечивают органический источник питания для растений, а растения естественным образом фильтруют воду для рыб.
Двое социальных предпринимателей, которые стремятся ознакомить местных фермеров с преимуществами системы, хотят обучить людей пользоваться ею, а затем она может остаться в деревне в качестве собственности общины.
Nagorno-Karabakh cuisine | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Nagorno-Karabakh cuisine
00:02:03 1 Background
00:05:20 2 Grains
00:05:45 3 Herbs
00:06:39 4 Dairy and cheese
00:08:54 5 Fruits and other sweets
00:10:39 6 Meats
00:12:19 7 Doughs
00:13:44 8 Typical dishes
00:16:41 9 Breakfast
00:17:53 10 Appetizers
00:18:54 11 Salads
00:19:41 12 Byorek
00:20:34 13 Soups
00:24:47 14 Fish
00:26:12 15 Main courses
00:26:48 16 Sweets
00:27:31 17 Ritual foods
00:28:04 18 Drinks
00:28:53 18.1 Alcoholic drinks
00:29:02 18.1.1 Beer
00:30:21 18.1.2 Brandy
00:32:23 18.1.3 Oghi
00:33:09 18.1.4 Wine
00:35:18 18.1.5 Mineral waters
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Armenian cuisine includes the foods and cooking techniques of the Armenian people and traditional Armenian foods and dishes. The cuisine reflects the history and geography where Armenians have lived as well as sharing outside influences from European and Levantine cuisines. The cuisine also reflects the traditional crops and animals grown and raised in Armenian populated areas.
The preparation of meat, fish, and vegetable dishes in an Armenian kitchen often requires stuffing, frothing, and puréeing. Lamb, eggplant, and bread (lavash) are basic features of Armenian cuisine. Armenians traditionally used cracked wheat (bulgur) in preference to maize and rice. The flavor of the food relies on the quality and freshness of the ingredients rather than on excessive use of spices.
Fresh herbs are used extensively, both in the food and as accompaniments. Dried herbs are used in the winter, when fresh herbs are not available.Wheat is the primary grain and is found in a variety of forms, such as: whole wheat, shelled wheat, bulgur (parboiled cracked wheat), semolina, farina, and flour.Historically, rice was used mostly in the cities and in certain rice-growing areas (e.g., Marash and the region around Yerevan). Legumes are used liberally, especially chick peas, lentils, white beans, and kidney beans. Nuts are used both for texture and to add nutrition to Lenten dishes. Of primary usage are walnuts, almonds, pine nuts, but also hazelnuts, pistachios (in Cilicia), and nuts from regional trees.Fresh and dried fruit are used both as main ingredients and as sour agents. As main ingredients, the following fruit are used: apricots (fresh and dried), quince, melons, and others. As sour agents, the following fruits are used: sumac berries (in dried, powdered form), sour grapes, plums (either sour or dried), pomegranate, apricots, cherries (especially sour cherries), and lemons. In addition to grape leaves, cabbage leaves, chard, beet leaves, radish leaves, strawberry leaves, and others are also stuffed.
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Cuisine of Armenia | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Cuisine of Armenia
00:02:03 1 Background
00:05:20 2 Grains
00:05:45 3 Herbs
00:06:39 4 Dairy and cheese
00:08:54 5 Fruits and other sweets
00:10:39 6 Meats
00:12:19 7 Doughs
00:13:44 8 Typical dishes
00:16:41 9 Breakfast
00:17:53 10 Appetizers
00:18:54 11 Salads
00:19:41 12 Byorek
00:20:34 13 Soups
00:24:47 14 Fish
00:26:12 15 Main courses
00:26:48 16 Sweets
00:27:31 17 Ritual foods
00:28:04 18 Drinks
00:28:53 18.1 Alcoholic drinks
00:29:02 18.1.1 Beer
00:30:21 18.1.2 Brandy
00:32:23 18.1.3 Oghi
00:33:09 18.1.4 Wine
00:35:18 18.1.5 Mineral waters
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Armenian cuisine includes the foods and cooking techniques of the Armenian people and traditional Armenian foods and dishes. The cuisine reflects the history and geography where Armenians have lived as well as sharing outside influences from European and Levantine cuisines. The cuisine also reflects the traditional crops and animals grown and raised in Armenian populated areas.
The preparation of meat, fish, and vegetable dishes in an Armenian kitchen often requires stuffing, frothing, and puréeing. Lamb, eggplant, and bread (lavash) are basic features of Armenian cuisine. Armenians traditionally used cracked wheat (bulgur) in preference to maize and rice. The flavor of the food relies on the quality and freshness of the ingredients rather than on excessive use of spices.
Fresh herbs are used extensively, both in the food and as accompaniments. Dried herbs are used in the winter, when fresh herbs are not available.Wheat is the primary grain and is found in a variety of forms, such as: whole wheat, shelled wheat, bulgur (parboiled cracked wheat), semolina, farina, and flour.Historically, rice was used mostly in the cities and in certain rice-growing areas (e.g., Marash and the region around Yerevan). Legumes are used liberally, especially chick peas, lentils, white beans, and kidney beans. Nuts are used both for texture and to add nutrition to Lenten dishes. Of primary usage are walnuts, almonds, pine nuts, but also hazelnuts, pistachios (in Cilicia), and nuts from regional trees.Fresh and dried fruit are used both as main ingredients and as sour agents. As main ingredients, the following fruit are used: apricots (fresh and dried), quince, melons, and others. As sour agents, the following fruits are used: sumac berries (in dried, powdered form), sour grapes, plums (either sour or dried), pomegranate, apricots, cherries (especially sour cherries), and lemons. In addition to grape leaves, cabbage leaves, chard, beet leaves, radish leaves, strawberry leaves, and others are also stuffed.
Iran | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:11 1 Name
00:06:37 1.1 Pronunciation
00:08:04 2 History
00:08:13 2.1 Prehistory
00:09:52 2.2 Classical antiquity
00:15:37 2.3 Medieval period
00:20:28 2.4 Early modern period
00:24:05 2.5 From the 1800s to the 1940s
00:29:05 2.6 Contemporary era
00:35:29 3 Geography
00:37:50 3.1 Climate
00:39:26 3.2 Fauna
00:40:56 3.3 Regions, provinces and cities
00:44:00 4 Government and politics
00:45:09 4.1 Leader
00:48:23 4.2 Guardian Council
00:49:14 4.3 President
00:51:14 4.4 Legislature
00:52:26 4.5 Law
00:53:26 4.6 Foreign relations
00:56:06 4.7 Military
00:58:31 5 Economy
01:02:16 5.1 Tourism
01:04:04 5.2 Energy
01:06:14 6 Education, science and technology
01:10:49 7 Demographics
01:12:22 7.1 Languages
01:14:27 7.2 Ethnic groups
01:16:41 7.3 Religion
01:19:42 8 Culture
01:20:08 8.1 Art
01:23:02 8.2 Architecture
01:23:48 8.3 Weaving
01:24:15 8.4 Literature
01:25:31 8.5 Philosophy
01:26:54 8.6 Mythology
01:28:05 8.7 Music
01:30:48 8.8 Theater
01:32:36 8.9 Cinema and animation
01:36:46 8.10 Observances
01:38:51 8.10.1 Public holidays
01:41:22 8.11 Cuisine
01:42:59 8.12 Sports
01:45:27 8.13 Media
01:48:16 9 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
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There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Iran (Persian: ایران Irān [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] (listen)), also called Persia () and officially known as the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: جمهوری اسلامی ایران Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān (listen)), is a country in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th most populous country. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second largest country in the Middle East and the 17th largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center.
Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries.Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE. The Islamization of Iran led to the decline of Zoroastrianism, which was by then the country's dominant religion, and Iran's major contributions to art and science spread within the Muslim rule during the Islamic Golden Age. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Seljuq Turks and the Ilkhanate Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. The Iranian Constitutional Revolution in the early 20th century led to the establishment ...
Athens | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:27 1 Etymology
00:08:06 2 Geography
00:09:50 2.1 Environment
00:12:02 2.1.1 Climate
00:14:50 2.2 Locations
00:14:59 2.2.1 Neighbourhoods
00:22:39 2.2.2 Parks and zoos
00:25:14 2.3 Surrounding areas
00:25:49 2.3.1 Urban and suburban municipalities
00:29:17 2.3.2 Athens Urban Area
00:31:48 2.3.3 Athens Metropolitan Area
00:32:56 2.4 Demographics
00:33:05 2.4.1 Population in modern times
00:35:43 2.4.1.1 Population of the Athens Metropolitan Area
00:36:34 2.4.2 Population in ancient times
00:39:17 3 Government and politics
00:39:54 3.1 International relations and influence
00:40:05 3.1.1 Twin towns – sister cities
00:40:17 3.1.2 Partnerships
00:40:43 3.1.3 Other locations named after Athens
00:40:56 4 History
00:48:47 5 Culture
00:48:56 5.1 Archaeological hub
00:50:22 5.2 Architecture
00:53:07 5.3 Urban sculpture
00:54:24 5.4 Museums
00:56:25 5.5 Tourism
00:57:20 5.6 Entertainment and performing arts
00:58:26 5.6.1 Music
01:01:14 5.7 Sports
01:01:23 5.7.1 Overview
01:05:00 5.7.2 Sports clubs
01:06:23 5.7.3 Olympic Games
01:06:32 5.7.3.1 1896 Summer Olympics
01:07:32 5.7.3.2 1906 Summer Olympics
01:08:10 5.7.3.3 2004 Summer Olympics
01:12:21 5.7.3.4 Special Olympics 2011
01:13:00 6 Economy and infrastructure
01:13:24 6.1 Transport
01:14:00 6.1.1 Bus transport
01:15:49 6.1.2 Athens Metro
01:18:58 6.1.2.1 Electric railway (ISAP)
01:20:39 6.1.3 Commuter/suburban rail (Proastiakos)
01:21:40 6.1.4 Tram
01:22:55 6.1.5 Athens International Airport
01:25:16 6.1.6 Railways and ferry connections
01:25:49 6.1.7 Motorways
01:27:45 7 Education
01:30:29 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8259740998048
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Athens (; Greek: Αθήνα, Athína [aˈθina]; Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι, Athênai [a.tʰɛ̂ː.nai̯]) is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years and its earliest human presence starting somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennium BC.Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus, which had been a distinct city prior to its 5th century BC incorporation with Athens. A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent, and in particular the Romans. In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2012, Athens was ranked the world's 39th richest city by purchasing power and the 67th most expensive in a UBS study.
Athens is a global city and one of the biggest economic centres in southeastern Europe. It has a large financial sector, and its port Piraeus is both the largest passenger port in Europe, and the second largest in the world.
The Municipality of Athens (also City of Athens) had a population of 664,046 (in 2011) within its administrative limits, and a land area of 38.96 km2 (15.04 sq mi). The urban area of Athens (Greater Athens and Greater Piraeus) extends beyond its administrative municipal city limits, with a population of 3,090,508 (in 2011) over an area of 412 km2 (159 sq mi). According to Eurostat in 2011, the functional urban area (FUA) of Athens was the 9th most populous FUA in the European Union (the 6th most populous capital city of the EU), with a population of 3.8 million people. Athens is also the southernmost capital on the European mainland.
The heritage of the classical era is still evident in the city, represented by ancient monuments and works of art, the most famous of all bein ...
Athens | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Athens
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Athens (; Greek: Αθήνα, Athína [aˈθina]; Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι, Athênai [a.tʰɛ̂ː.nai̯]) is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years and its earliest human presence starting somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennium BC.Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus, which had been a distinct city prior to its 5th century BC incorporation with Athens. A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent, and in particular the Romans. In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2012, Athens was ranked the world's 39th richest city by purchasing power and the 67th most expensive in a UBS study.
Athens is a global city and one of the biggest economic centres in southeastern Europe. It has a large financial sector, and its port Piraeus is both the largest passenger port in Europe, and the second largest in the world.
The Municipality of Athens (also City of Athens) had a population of 664,046 (in 2011) within its administrative limits, and a land area of 38.96 km2 (15.04 sq mi). The urban area of Athens (Greater Athens and Greater Piraeus) extends beyond its administrative municipal city limits, with a population of 3,090,508 (in 2011) over an area of 412 km2 (159 sq mi). According to Eurostat in 2011, the functional urban area (FUA) of Athens was the 9th most populous FUA in the European Union (the 6th most populous capital city of the EU), with a population of 3.8 million people. Athens is also the southernmost capital on the European mainland.
The heritage of the classical era is still evident in the city, represented by ancient monuments and works of art, the most famous of all being the Parthenon, considered a key landmark of early Western civilization. The city also retains Roman and Byzantine monuments, as well as a smaller number of Ottoman monuments. Athens is home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the Acropolis of Athens and the medieval Daphni Monastery. Landmarks of the modern era, dating back to the establishment of Athens as the capital of the independent Greek state in 1834, include the Hellenic Parliament and the so-called architectural trilogy of Athens, consisting of the National Library of Greece, the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the Academy of Athens. Athens is also home to several museums and cultural institutions, such as the National Archeological Museum, featuring the world's largest collection of ancient Greek antiquities, the Acropolis Museum, the Museum of Cycladic Art, the Benaki Museum and the Byzantine and Christian Museum. Athens was the host city of the first modern-day Olympic Games in 1896, and 108 years later it welcomed home the 2004 Summer Olympics, making it one of only a handful of cities to have hosted the Olympics more than once.
Athens | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:37 1 Etymology
00:08:20 2 History
00:16:15 3 Geography
00:18:01 3.1 Environment
00:20:13 3.1.1 Climate
00:23:19 3.2 Locations
00:23:28 3.2.1 Neighbourhoods
00:31:29 3.2.2 Parks and zoos
00:34:07 3.3 Urban and suburban municipalities
00:37:47 4 Administration
00:38:23 4.1 Athens Urban Area
00:41:00 4.2 Athens Metropolitan Area
00:42:09 5 Demographics
00:42:19 5.1 Population in modern times
00:45:04 5.2 Population of the Athens Metropolitan Area
00:45:57 5.3 Population in ancient times
00:48:42 6 Government and politics
00:49:20 6.1 International relations and influence
00:49:31 6.1.1 Twin towns – sister cities
00:49:44 6.1.2 Partnerships
00:50:12 6.1.3 Other locations named after Athens
00:50:26 7 Economy and infrastructure
00:53:50 7.1 Transport
00:54:26 7.1.1 Bus transport
00:55:55 7.1.2 Athens Metro
01:00:14 7.1.3 Commuter/suburban rail (Proastiakos)
01:01:17 7.1.4 Tram
01:02:33 7.1.5 Athens International Airport
01:05:07 7.1.6 Railways and ferry connections
01:05:41 7.1.7 Motorways
01:07:43 8 Education
01:10:32 9 Culture
01:10:41 9.1 Archaeological hub
01:12:09 9.2 Architecture
01:14:54 9.3 Urban sculpture
01:16:13 9.4 Museums
01:18:16 9.5 Tourism
01:19:12 9.6 Entertainment and performing arts
01:20:19 9.6.1 Music
01:23:10 9.7 Sports
01:23:19 9.7.1 Overview
01:26:59 9.7.2 Sports clubs
01:28:25 9.7.3 Olympic Games
01:28:34 9.7.3.1 1896 Summer Olympics
01:29:35 9.7.3.2 1906 Summer Olympics
01:30:13 9.7.3.3 2004 Summer Olympics
01:34:27 10 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8060496542492361
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-F
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Athens (; Greek: Αθήνα, Athína [aˈθina]; Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι, Athênai [a.tʰɛ̂ː.nai̯]) is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years and its earliest human presence starting somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennium BC.Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus, which had been a distinct city prior to its 5th century BC incorporation with Athens. A center for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent, and in particular the Romans. In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2012, Athens was ranked the world's 39th richest city by purchasing power and the 67th most expensive in a UBS study.
Athens is a global city and one of the biggest economic centres in southeastern Europe. It has a large financial sector, and its port Piraeus is both the largest passenger port in Europe, and the second largest in the world. while at the same time being the sixth busiest passenger port in Europe.
The Municipality of Athens (also City of Athens) had a population of 664,046 (in 2011) within its administrative limits, and a land area of 38.96 km2 (15.04 sq mi). The urban area of Athens (Greater Athens and Greater Piraeus) extends beyond its administrative municipal city limits, with a population of 3,090,508 (in 2011) over an area of 412 km2 (159 sq mi). According to Eurostat in 2011, the functional urban area (FUA) of Athens was the 9th most populous FUA in the European Union (the 6th most populous capital city of the EU), with a population of 3.8 million people. Athens is also the southernmost capital on the European mainland.
The heritage of the classical era is still evident in the city, represented by ancient monuments and works of art, the most famous of all being the Parthenon, consider ...
Athens | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Athens
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Athens (; Greek: Αθήνα, Athína [aˈθina]; Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι, Athênai [a.tʰɛ̂ː.nai̯]) is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years and its earliest human presence starting somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennium BC.Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus, which had been a distinct city prior to its 5th century BC incorporation with Athens. A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent, and in particular the Romans. In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2012, Athens was ranked the world's 39th richest city by purchasing power and the 67th most expensive in a UBS study.
Athens is a global city and one of the biggest economic centres in southeastern Europe. It has a large financial sector, and its port Piraeus is both the largest passenger port in Europe, and the second largest in the world.
The Municipality of Athens (also City of Athens) had a population of 664,046 (in 2011) within its administrative limits, and a land area of 38.96 km2 (15.04 sq mi). The urban area of Athens (Greater Athens and Greater Piraeus) extends beyond its administrative municipal city limits, with a population of 3,090,508 (in 2011) over an area of 412 km2 (159 sq mi). According to Eurostat in 2011, the functional urban area (FUA) of Athens was the 9th most populous FUA in the European Union (the 6th most populous capital city of the EU), with a population of 3.8 million people. Athens is also the southernmost capital on the European mainland.
The heritage of the classical era is still evident in the city, represented by ancient monuments and works of art, the most famous of all being the Parthenon, considered a key landmark of early Western civilization. The city also retains Roman and Byzantine monuments, as well as a smaller number of Ottoman monuments. Athens is home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the Acropolis of Athens and the medieval Daphni Monastery. Landmarks of the modern era, dating back to the establishment of Athens as the capital of the independent Greek state in 1834, include the Hellenic Parliament and the so-called architectural trilogy of Athens, consisting of the National Library of Greece, the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the Academy of Athens. Athens is also home to several museums and cultural institutions, such as the National Archeological Museum, featuring the world's largest collection of ancient Greek antiquities, the Acropolis Museum, the Museum of Cycladic Art, the Benaki Museum and the Byzantine and Christian Museum. Athens was the host city of the first modern-day Olympic Games in 1896, and 108 years later it welcomed home the 2004 Summer Olympics, making it one of only a handful of cities to have hosted the Olympics more than once.
Athens | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Athens
00:03:32 1 Etymology
00:06:26 2 Geography
00:07:49 2.1 Environment
00:09:34 2.1.1 Climate
00:11:49 2.2 Locations
00:11:57 2.2.1 Neighbourhoods
00:18:06 2.2.2 Parks and zoos
00:20:09 2.3 Surrounding areas
00:20:38 2.3.1 Urban and suburban municipalities
00:23:26 2.3.2 Athens Urban Area
00:25:30 2.3.3 Athens Metropolitan Area
00:26:25 2.4 Demographics
00:26:34 2.4.1 Population in modern times
00:28:43 2.4.1.1 Population of the Athens Metropolitan Area
00:29:26 2.4.2 Population in ancient times
00:31:35 3 Government and politics
00:32:06 3.1 International relations and influence
00:32:16 3.1.1 Twin towns – sister cities
00:32:27 3.1.2 Partnerships
00:32:49 3.1.3 Other locations named after Athens
00:33:01 4 History
00:39:12 5 Culture
00:39:21 5.1 Archaeological hub
00:40:30 5.2 Architecture
00:42:40 5.3 Urban sculpture
00:43:44 5.4 Museums
00:45:21 5.5 Tourism
00:46:06 5.6 Entertainment and performing arts
00:46:59 5.6.1 Music
00:49:14 5.7 Sports
00:49:22 5.7.1 Overview
00:52:13 5.7.2 Sports clubs
00:53:20 5.7.3 Olympic Games
00:53:28 5.7.3.1 1896 Summer Olympics
00:54:16 5.7.3.2 1906 Summer Olympics
00:54:47 5.7.3.3 2004 Summer Olympics
00:58:05 5.7.3.4 Special Olympics 2011
00:58:36 6 Economy and infrastructure
00:58:58 6.1 Transport
00:59:27 6.1.1 Bus transport
01:00:56 6.1.2 Athens Metro
01:03:27 6.1.2.1 Electric railway (ISAP)
01:04:46 6.1.3 Commuter/suburban rail (Proastiakos)
01:05:37 6.1.4 Tram
01:06:38 6.1.5 Athens International Airport
01:08:32 6.1.6 Railways and ferry connections
01:09:00 6.1.7 Motorways
01:10:34 7 Education
01:12:47 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Athens (; Greek: Αθήνα, Athína [aˈθina]; Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι, Athênai [a.tʰɛ̂ː.nai̯]) is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years and its earliest human presence starting somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennium BC.Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus, which had been a distinct city prior to its 5th century BC incorporation with Athens. A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent, and in particular the Romans. In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2012, Athens was ranked the world's 39th richest city by purchasing power and the 67th most expensive in a UBS study.
Athens is a global city and one of the biggest economic centres in southeastern Europe. It has a large financial sector, and its port Piraeus is both the largest passenger port in Europe, and the second largest in the world.
The Municipality of Athens (also City of Athens) had a population of 664,046 (in 2011) within its administrative limits, and a land area of 38.96 km2 (15.04 sq mi). The urban area of Athens (Greater Athens and Greater Piraeus) extends beyond its administrative municipal city limits, with a population of 3,090,508 (in 2011) over an area of 412 km2 (159 sq mi). According to Eurostat in 2011, the functional urban area (FUA) of Athens was the 9th most populous FUA in the European Union (the 6th most populous capital city of the EU), with a population of 3.8 million people. Athens is also the southernmost capital on the European mainland.
The heritage of the classical era is still evident in the city, represented by ancient monuments and works of art, the most famous of all being the Parthenon, considered a key landmark of early Western civilization. The city also retains Roman and Byzantine monuments, as well as a smaller number of Ottoman monuments. Athens is ...
Venice | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:49 1 Etymology
00:05:41 2 History
00:05:50 2.1 Origins
00:13:32 2.2 Expansion
00:22:02 2.3 Decline
00:24:29 2.4 Modern age
00:27:18 2.5 Subsidence
00:27:40 2.5.1 Foundations
00:28:54 2.5.2 History
00:33:04 3 Geography
00:33:13 3.1 Sestieri
00:35:21 3.2 Climate
00:36:10 4 Government
00:39:53 5 Economy
00:44:14 5.1 Tourism
00:47:49 5.1.1 Minimising the effects of tourism
00:53:37 5.2 Foreign words of Venetian origin
00:54:25 6 Transportation
00:54:35 6.1 In the historic centre
00:57:23 6.1.1 Waterways
00:58:32 6.2 Public transport
00:58:53 6.2.1 Lagoon area
00:59:44 6.2.2 Lido and Pellestrina islands
01:00:20 6.2.3 Mainland
01:01:56 6.3 Trains
01:03:26 6.4 Ports
01:04:38 6.5 Airports
01:06:37 7 Sport
01:08:33 8 Education
01:10:02 9 Demographics
01:14:38 10 Culture
01:14:47 10.1 Literature
01:18:20 10.1.1 In literature and adapted works
01:19:57 10.2 Art and printing
01:23:14 10.3 Venetian gothic architecture
01:23:56 10.4 Rococo architectural style
01:26:07 10.5 Glass
01:28:04 10.6 Cinema, media, and popular culture
01:28:34 10.7 Festivals
01:30:27 10.7.1 In films
01:32:45 10.8 Music
01:34:39 10.8.1 The orchestra
01:34:59 10.8.2 In popular music
01:35:21 10.8.3 In video games
01:36:19 10.9 Photography
01:37:06 10.10 Cuisine
01:39:13 10.11 Fashion and shopping
01:41:14 11 Notable people
01:51:10 12 International relations
01:51:59 12.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:52:34 12.2 Cooperation agreements
01:53:15 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7469078544352893
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Venice (, VEN-iss; Italian: Venezia [veˈnɛttsja] (listen); Venetian: Venesia, Venexia [veˈnɛsja]) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave rivers (more exactly between the Brenta and the Sile). Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork. The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.In 2018, 260,897 people resided in Comune di Venezia, of whom around 55,000 live in the historical city of Venice (Centro storico). Together with Padua and Treviso, the city is included in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area (PATREVE), with a total population of 2.6 million. PATREVE is only a statistical metropolitan area.The name is derived from the ancient Veneti people who inhabited the region by the 10th century BC. The city was historically the capital of the Republic of Venice. Venice has been known as the La Dominante, Serenissima, Queen of the Adriatic, City of Water, City of Masks, City of Bridges, The Floating City, and City of Canals.
The 697-1797 Republic of Venice was a major financial and maritime power during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, and a staging area for the Crusades and the Battle of Lepanto, as well as a very important center of commerce (especially silk, grain, and spice) and art in the 13th century up to the end of the 17th century. The city-state of Venice is considered to have been the first real international financial center which gradually emerged from the 9th century to its peak in the 14th century. This made Venice a wealthy city throughout most of its history.It is also known for its several important artistic movements, especially the Renaissance period. After the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna, the Republic was annexed by the Austrian Empire, until it became part of the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, following a referendum held as a result of the Third Italian War of Independence. Venice has played an important role in the history of symphonic and operatic music, and ...
Venice | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:57 1 Etymology
00:04:27 2 History
00:04:35 2.1 Origins
00:10:32 2.2 Expansion
00:17:10 2.3 Decline
00:19:05 2.4 Modern age
00:21:18 2.5 Subsidence
00:21:37 2.5.1 Foundations
00:22:36 2.5.2 History
00:25:52 3 Geography
00:26:00 3.1 Sestieri
00:27:41 3.2 Climate
00:28:21 4 Government
00:31:15 5 Economy
00:34:40 5.1 Tourism
00:37:28 5.1.1 Minimising the effects of tourism
00:42:00 5.2 Foreign words of Venetian origin
00:42:39 6 Transportation
00:42:48 6.1 In the historic centre
00:45:00 6.1.1 Waterways
00:45:55 6.2 Public transport
00:46:14 6.2.1 Lagoon area
00:46:55 6.2.2 Lido and Pellestrina islands
00:47:25 6.2.3 Mainland
00:48:41 6.3 Trains
00:49:53 6.4 Ports
00:50:49 6.5 Airports
00:52:23 7 Sport
00:53:54 8 Education
00:55:04 9 Demographics
00:58:37 10 Culture
00:58:46 10.1 Literature
01:01:32 10.1.1 In literature and adapted works
01:02:50 10.2 Art and printing
01:05:25 10.3 Venetian architecture
01:07:00 10.4 Rococo style
01:08:35 10.5 Glass
01:10:05 10.6 Cinema, media, and popular culture
01:10:30 10.7 Festivals
01:11:58 10.7.1 In films
01:13:48 10.8 Music
01:15:18 10.8.1 The orchestra
01:15:37 10.8.2 In popular music
01:15:55 10.8.3 In video games
01:16:52 10.9 Photography
01:17:30 10.10 Cuisine
01:19:12 10.11 Fashion and shopping
01:20:46 11 Notable people
01:28:28 12 International relations
01:29:08 12.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:29:40 12.2 Cooperation agreements
01:30:13 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9824804618800687
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-E
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Venice (, VEN-iss; Italian: Venezia [veˈnɛttsja] (listen); Venetian: Venesia, Venexia [veˈnɛsja]) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave rivers (more exactly between the Brenta and the Sile). Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork. The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.In 2018, 260,897 people resided in Comune di Venezia, of whom around 55,000 live in the historical city of Venice (Centro storico). Together with Padua and Treviso, the city is included in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area (PATREVE), which is considered a statistical metropolitan area, with a total population of 2.6 million.The name is derived from the ancient Veneti people who inhabited the region by the 10th century BC. The city was historically the capital of the Republic of Venice. Venice has been known as the La Dominante, Serenissima, Queen of the Adriatic, City of Water, City of Masks, City of Bridges, The Floating City, and City of Canals.
The 697–1797 Republic of Venice was a major financial and maritime power during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, and a staging area for the Crusades and the Battle of Lepanto, as well as a very important center of commerce (especially silk, grain, and spice) and art in the 13th century up to the end of the 17th century. The city-state of Venice is considered to have been the first real international financial center, emerging in the 9th century and reaching its greatest prominence in the 14th century. This made Venice a wealthy city throughout most of its history.It is also known for its several important artistic movements, especially the Renaissance period. After the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna, the Republic was annexed by the Austrian Empire, until it became part of the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, following a referendum held as a result of the Third Italian War of Independence. Venice has played an important role in the history of symphonic and operatic music, and it is t ...
Venice | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Venice
00:02:54 1 Etymology
00:04:19 2 History
00:04:28 2.1 Origins
00:10:12 2.2 Expansion
00:16:33 2.3 Decline
00:18:22 2.4 Modern age
00:20:30 2.5 Subsidence
00:20:48 2.5.1 Foundations
00:21:44 2.5.2 History
00:24:52 3 Geography
00:25:01 3.1 Sestieri
00:26:38 3.2 Climate
00:27:17 4 Government
00:30:05 5 Economy
00:33:08 5.1 Tourism
00:35:51 5.1.1 Minimising the effects of tourism
00:39:25 5.2 Foreign words of Venetian origin
00:40:04 6 Transportation
00:40:13 6.1 In the historic centre
00:42:20 6.1.1 Waterways
00:43:13 6.2 Public transport
00:43:32 6.2.1 Lagoon area
00:44:12 6.2.2 Lido and Pellestrina islands
00:44:41 6.2.3 Mainland
00:45:54 6.3 Trains
00:47:04 6.4 Ports
00:47:59 6.5 Airports
00:49:30 7 Sport
00:50:58 8 Education
00:52:07 9 Demographics
00:55:33 10 Culture
00:55:42 10.1 Literature
00:58:22 10.1.1 In literature and adapted works
00:59:38 10.2 Art and printing
01:02:06 10.3 Venetian gothic architecture
01:02:41 10.4 Rococo architectural style
01:04:21 10.5 Glass
01:05:47 10.6 Cinema, media, and popular culture
01:06:12 10.7 Festivals
01:07:36 10.7.1 In films
01:09:19 10.8 Music
01:10:47 10.8.1 The orchestra
01:11:04 10.8.2 In popular music
01:11:22 10.8.3 In video games
01:12:07 10.9 Photography
01:12:45 10.10 Cuisine
01:14:23 10.11 Fashion and shopping
01:15:54 11 Notable people
01:23:32 12 International relations
01:24:11 12.1 Twin towns and sister cities
01:24:40 12.2 Cooperation agreements
01:25:12 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Venice (, VEN-iss; Italian: Venezia [veˈnɛttsja] (listen); Venetian: Venesia, Venexia [veˈnɛsja]) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave rivers (more exactly between the Brenta and the Sile). Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork. The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.In 2018, 260,897 people resided in Comune di Venezia, of whom around 55,000 live in the historical city of Venice (Centro storico). Together with Padua and Treviso, the city is included in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area (PATREVE), with a total population of 2.6 million. PATREVE is only a statistical metropolitan area.The name is derived from the ancient Veneti people who inhabited the region by the 10th century BC. The city was historically the capital of the Republic of Venice. Venice has been known as the La Dominante, Serenissima, Queen of the Adriatic, City of Water, City of Masks, City of Bridges, The Floating City, and City of Canals.
The 697-1797 Republic of Venice was a major financial and maritime power during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, and a staging area for the Crusades and the Battle of Lepanto, as well as a very important center of commerce (especially silk, grain, and spice) and art in the 13th century up to the end of the 17th century. The city-state of Venice is considered to have been the first real international financial center which gradually emerged from the 9th century to its peak in the 14th century. This made Venice a wealthy city throughout most of its history.It is also known for its several important artistic movements, especially the Renaissance period. After the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna, the Republic was annexed by the Austrian Empire, until it became part of the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, following a referendum held as a result of the Third Italian War of Independence. Venice has played an important role in the history of symphonic and operatic music, and it is the birthplace of Antonio Vivaldi. Venice has been ranked the most beautiful city in the world as of 2016. The city is facing some major challenges, however, including financial diffi ...
Venice | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Venice
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Venice (, VEN-iss; Italian: Venezia [veˈnɛttsja] (listen); Venetian: Venesia, Venexia [veˈnɛsja]) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave rivers (more exactly between the Brenta and the Sile). Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork. The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.In 2018, 260,897 people resided in Comune di Venezia, of whom around 55,000 live in the historic city of Venice (Centro storico). Together with Padua and Treviso, the city is included in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area (PATREVE), with a total population of 2.6 million. PATREVE is only a statistical metropolitan area.The name is derived from the ancient Veneti people who inhabited the region by the 10th century BC. The city was historically the capital of the Republic of Venice. Venice has been known as the La Dominante, Serenissima, Queen of the Adriatic, City of Water, City of Masks, City of Bridges, The Floating City, and City of Canals.
The Republic of Venice was a major financial and maritime power during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, and a staging area for the Crusades and the Battle of Lepanto, as well as a very important center of commerce (especially silk, grain, and spice) and art in the 13th century up to the end of the 17th century. The city-state of Venice is considered to have been the first real international financial center which gradually emerged from the 9th century to its peak in the 14th century. This made Venice a wealthy city throughout most of its history.It is also known for its several important artistic movements, especially the Renaissance period. After the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna, the Republic was annexed by the Austrian Empire, until it became part of the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, following a referendum held as a result of the Third Italian War of Independence. Venice has played an important role in the history of symphonic and operatic music, and it is the birthplace of Antonio Vivaldi. Venice has been ranked the most beautiful city in the world as of 2016. The city is facing some major challenges, however, including financial difficulties, erosion, pollution, subsidence, an excessive number of tourists in peak periods and problems caused by oversized cruise ships sailing close to the banks of the historical city.