Tours of WW1 - Bayernwald German Trench
This unique German site is located between the villages of Wijtschate and Voormezele near Ypres.
Bayernwald is the German response to alleged nearby tunnelling efforts by the British.
Bayernwald is a true-to-life reconstruction involving 300 meters of trenches. four bunkers and two mine shafts (40 meters in depth and close to 300 meters in length each).
We hope you find this series interesting and educational.
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Heuvelland - visit pool of peace
The Irish president, Ms. Mary McAleese, visits the Pool of Peace in Wijtschate (Heuvelland-Belgium) during the remembrance weekend for the Battle of Wijtschaete-Messines Ridge, on June 8th 2007.
Heuvelland - Wijtschate: Theatre Walks
Theatre walks organised for the Remembrance weekend for the 90 th anniversary of the Battle for Wijtschate - Messines Ridge, on June 9th and June 10th 2007
Trailer documentary Zero Hour
The trailer of the documentary Zero Hour, on the history of the Battle of Wijtschate - Messines Ridge of June 1917.
Heuvelland: inauguration of 2 commemorative Irish Columns
Inauguration of 2 commemorative Irish Columns during the Remembrance weekend for the 90 th anniversary of the Battle for Wijtschate - Messines Ridge, on June 10th
Heuvelland - Opening of the exhibition Zero Hour
Opening of the exhibition Zero Hour, organised in Wijtschate for the Remembrance weekend for the 90 th anniversary of the Battle for Wijtschate - Messines Ridge, on June 8th and June 9th 2007
World War One Battlefield Cycling Tour: Part One - Veurne to Ypres and the Craters
A fascinating ride around the Ypres area to see some poignant reminders of the terrible events that happened there over 100 years ago. Part one documents our journey there and tours around some of the huge mine craters still visible today.
Royal Engineer tunnelling companies | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:41 1 Background
00:03:21 2 World War I formation
00:04:23 2.1 Request and proposal
00:06:18 2.2 Kitchener responds
00:10:25 2.3 First tunnelling companies
00:12:27 2.4 First action: Hill 60, Ypres Salient
00:14:37 2.5 Expansion
00:16:00 2.6 Methodology
00:16:54 2.7 Recruitment
00:18:29 2.8 Digging
00:20:19 2.9 Working conditions
00:22:11 2.10 Mine rescue
00:24:40 2.11 Underground fighting
00:25:42 3 Counter-mining
00:25:51 3.1 Listening
00:28:07 3.2 Underground tactics
00:29:25 4 British advantages
00:32:22 5 Operations
00:34:13 5.1 Hooge and Mont Sorrel
00:36:12 5.2 Battle of the Somme
00:38:57 5.3 Battle of Messines
00:44:05 5.4 Battle of Vimy Ridge
00:47:07 6 End of mining operations
00:49:12 6.1 Battle of Arras
00:52:38 6.2 Second Battle of Passchendaele
00:54:05 7 Remains and memorials
00:57:52 8 Operations since World War I
00:58:13 9 Awards
00:58:22 9.1 Victoria Cross
01:00:08 9.2 Distinguished Conduct Medal
01:00:40 10 Units
01:03:54 11 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
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Speaking Rate: 0.904920163144387
Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Royal Engineer tunnelling companies were specialist units of the Corps of Royal Engineers within the British Army, formed to dig attacking tunnels under enemy lines during the First World War.
The stalemate situation in the early part of the war led to the deployment of tunnel warfare. After the first German Empire attacks on 21 December 1914, through shallow tunnels underneath no man's land and exploding ten mines under the trenches of the Indian Sirhind Brigade, the British began forming suitable units. In February 1915, eight Tunnelling Companies were created and operational in Flanders from March 1915. By mid-1916, the British Army had around 25,000 trained tunnellers, mostly volunteers taken from coal mining communities. Almost twice that number of attached infantry worked permanently alongside the trained miners acting as 'beasts of burden'.From the spring of 1917 the whole war became more mobile, with grand offensives at Arras, Messines and Passchendaele. There was no longer a place for a tactic that depended upon total stasis for its employment. The tactics and counter-tactics required deeper and deeper tunnelling, hence more time and more stable front lines were also required, so offensive and defensive military mining largely ceased. Underground work continued, with the tunnellers concentrating on deep dugouts for troop accommodation, a tactic used particularly in the Battle of Arras.
Battle of Passchendaele | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:19 1 Background
00:03:28 1.1 Flanders
00:03:36 1.1.1 1914
00:05:27 1.1.2 1915
00:06:43 1.1.3 1916
00:09:17 1.2 Allied strategy
00:11:31 1.3 Kerensky offensive
00:12:50 2 Prelude
00:12:58 2.1 Ypres salient
00:16:17 2.2 Topography
00:18:39 2.3 British plans
00:21:13 2.4 German defences
00:24:42 2.5 Battle of Messines
00:26:11 3 Battles
00:26:19 3.1 July–August
00:28:53 3.1.1 Battle of Pilckem Ridge
00:30:26 3.1.2 Capture of Westhoek
00:31:26 3.1.3 Battle of Hill 70
00:32:47 3.1.4 Battle of Langemarck
00:34:15 3.1.5 Local attacks
00:35:46 3.1.6 Weather
00:39:25 3.1.7 Verdun
00:40:52 3.2 September–October
00:43:17 3.2.1 German tactical changes
00:47:27 3.2.2 Battle of the Menin Road Ridge
00:49:20 3.2.3 German counter-attack, 25 September
00:51:48 3.2.4 Battle of Polygon Wood
00:53:07 3.3 October–November
00:53:16 3.3.1 German counter-attacks, 30 September – 4 October
00:56:28 3.3.2 Battle of Broodseinde
00:58:47 3.3.3 German defensive changes
00:59:49 3.3.4 Battle of Poelcappelle
01:00:54 3.3.5 First Battle of Passchendaele
01:03:08 3.3.6 Action of 22 October
01:04:57 3.3.7 Battle of La Malmaison
01:06:07 3.3.8 Second Battle of Passchendaele
01:08:33 3.4 December
01:08:42 3.4.1 Night action of 1/2 December 1917
01:10:12 3.4.2 Action on the Polderhoek Spur
01:12:01 4 Aftermath
01:12:10 4.1 Analysis
01:16:57 4.2 Casualties
01:20:31 4.3 Subsequent operations
01:20:41 4.3.1 Winter, 1917–1918
01:22:27 4.3.2 Retreat, 1918
01:24:17 4.4 Commemoration
01:26:25 5 See also
01:26:40 6 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7559900095195564
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-D
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Battle of Passchendaele (German: Dritte Flandernschlacht; French: Troisième Bataille des Flandres), also known as the Third Battle of Ypres, was a campaign of the First World War, fought by the Allies against the German Empire. The battle took place on the Western Front, from July to November 1917, for control of the ridges south and east of the Belgian city of Ypres in West Flanders, as part of a strategy decided by the Allies at conferences in November 1916 and May 1917. Passchendaele lay on the last ridge east of Ypres, 5 mi (8.0 km) from a railway junction at Roulers, which was vital to the supply system of the German 4th Army. The next stage of the Allied plan was an advance to Thourout–Couckelaere, to close the German-controlled railway running through Roulers and Thourout.
Further operations and a British supporting attack along the Belgian coast from Nieuwpoort, combined with Operation Hush (an amphibious landing), were to have reached Bruges and then the Dutch frontier. The resistance of the 4th Army, unusually wet weather, the onset of winter and the diversion of British and French resources to Italy, following the Austro-German victory at the Battle of Caporetto (24 October – 19 November), enabled the Germans to avoid a general withdrawal, which had seemed inevitable in early October. The campaign ended in November, when the Canadian Corps captured Passchendaele, apart from local attacks in December and in early 1918. The Battle of the Lys and the Fifth Battle of Ypres were fought before the Allies occupied the Belgian coast and reached the Dutch frontier.
A campaign in Flanders was controversial in 1917 and has remained so. The British Prime Minister, David Lloyd George, opposed the offensive, as did General Ferdinand Foch, the French Chief of the General Staff. Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, commanding the British Expeditionary Force (BEF), did not receive approval for the Flanders operation from the War Cabinet until 25 July. Matters of dispute by the participants, writers and historians since the war, have included the wisdom of pursuing an offensive strategy in the wake of the Nivelle Offensive, rather than waiting for the arrival of the American Expe ...
Tunnelling companies of the Royal Engineers | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:33 1 Background
00:03:07 2 First World War formation
00:04:05 2.1 Request and proposal
00:05:52 2.2 Kitchener responds
00:09:42 2.3 First tunnelling companies
00:11:36 2.4 First action: Hill 60, Ypres Salient
00:13:39 2.5 Expansion
00:15:17 2.6 Methodology
00:16:09 2.7 Recruitment
00:17:35 2.8 Digging
00:19:18 2.9 Working conditions
00:21:00 2.10 Mine rescue
00:23:20 2.11 Underground fighting
00:24:17 3 Counter-mining
00:24:25 3.1 Listening
00:26:32 3.2 Underground tactics
00:27:46 4 British advantages
00:30:30 5 Operations
00:32:16 5.1 Hooge and Mont Sorrel
00:34:07 5.2 Battle of the Somme
00:36:43 5.3 Battle of Messines
00:41:30 5.4 Battle of Vimy Ridge
00:44:22 6 End of mining operations
00:46:20 6.1 Battle of Arras
00:49:33 6.2 Second Battle of Passchendaele
00:50:55 7 Remains and memorials
00:54:27 8 Awards
00:54:35 8.1 Victoria Cross
00:56:15 8.2 Distinguished Conduct Medal
00:56:45 9 Units
00:59:49 10 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.8746853922481932
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Royal Engineer tunnelling companies were specialist units of the Corps of Royal Engineers within the British Army, formed to dig attacking tunnels under enemy lines during the First World War.
The stalemate situation in the early part of the war led to the deployment of tunnel warfare. After the first German Empire attacks on 21 December 1914, through shallow tunnels underneath no man's land and exploding ten mines under the trenches of the Indian Sirhind Brigade, the British began forming suitable units. In February 1915, eight Tunnelling Companies were created and operational in Flanders from March 1915. By mid-1916, the British Army had around 25,000 trained tunnellers, mostly volunteers taken from coal mining communities. Almost twice that number of attached infantry worked permanently alongside the trained miners acting as 'beasts of burden'.From the spring of 1917 the whole war became more mobile, with grand offensives at Arras, Messines and Passchendaele. There was no longer a place for a tactic that depended upon total stasis for its employment. The tactics and counter-tactics required deeper and deeper tunnelling, hence more time and more stable front lines were also required, so offensive and defensive military mining largely ceased. Underground work continued, with the tunnellers concentrating on deep dugouts for troop accommodation, a tactic used particularly in the Battle of Arras.