Russia: 18-tonne bell, the 'Aleksandr Nevsky', arrives at St Petersburg monastery
Video ID: 20140728-027
W/S Bell on truck and Christians praying while walking next to truck
M/S Bell on truck
C/U People touching bell and crossing themselves
M/S Orthodox priests walking and praying
M/S People following the bell
W/S Christians surrounding bell
M/S Bell on truck
M/S Crane driver
W/S Bell on truck
C/U Worker attaching chain to bell
M/S Worker attaching chain to bell
SCRIPT
An 18-tonne bell, named 'Alexander Nevsky', arrived at the Saint Alexander Nevsky Monastery in St Petersburg on Monday.
After being cast in Kamensk-Uralsky in the Sverdlovsk region, the bell travelled through 11 Russian cities including Yekaterinburg, Ufa, Samara, Saratov, Penza, Ryazan, Moscow, Yaroslavl, Vologda, Cherepovets and Tikhvin.
It is to be installed in the belfry of the Troitsky Cathedral in the grounds of the monastery in October. The belfry is currently undergoing repairs.
The bell is named after 13th century Russian hero Aleksandr Nevsky, the Grand Prince of Novgorod and Vladimir who was sainted by the Orthodox Church because of his military victories over the Swedes and Germans.
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The Life And Death Of Vsevolod the Big Nest
Vsevolod III Yuryevich, or Vsevolod the Big Nest (Russian: Все́волод III Ю́рьевич Большо́е Гнездо́) (1154–1212), was the Grand Prince of Vladimir during whose long reign (1177–1212) the city reached the zenith of its glory.
Vsevolod was the tenth or eleventh son of Yuri Dolgoruky (c. 1099 – 1157), who founded the town Dmitrov to commemorate the site of Vsevolod's birth. Nikolai Karamzin (1766 - 1826) initiated the speculation identifying Vsevolod's mother Helene as a Greek princess, because after her husband's death she took Vsevolod with her to Constantinople.
Vsevolod spent his youth at the chivalric court of the Komnenoi. On his return from the Byzantine Empire to Rus' in 1170, Vsevolod supposedly visited Tbilisi, as a local chronicle records that that year the Georgian king entertained his nephew from Constantinople and married him to his relative, an Ossetian princess.
Reign
In 1173 two Smolensk princes captured Kiev, captured Vsevolod and briefly installed him on the throne. Ransomed a year later, Vsevolod took his brother Mikhalko's side in his struggle against the powerful boyars of Rostov and Suzdal. Upon Mikhalko's death in 1176, Vsevolod succeeded him in Vladimir. He promptly subjugated the boyars and systematically raided the Volga peoples, notably Volga Bulgaria. He installed puppet rulers on the throne of Novgorod and married his daughters to princes of Chernigov and Kiev.
Vsevolod showed little mercy to those who disobeyed his commands. In 1180 and 1187 he punished the princes of Ryazan by ousting them from their lands. In 1207 he burnt to the ground both Ryazan and Belgorod. His military fame spread quickly. The Tale of Igor's Campaign, thought to be written during Vsevolod's reign, addresses him thus: Great prince Vsevolod! Don't you think of flying here from afar to safeguard the paternal golden throne of Kiev? For you can with your oars scatter in drops the Volga, and with your helmets scoop dry the Don.
But Kievan matters concerned Vsevolod little in the latter part of his reign. He concentrated on building up his own capital, Vladimir. His Ossetian wife, Maria Shvarnovna, who devoted herself to works of piety and founded several convents, was glorified by the Russian church as a saint. By her Vsevolod had no fewer than fourteen children, thus earning for himself the sobriquet Big Nest. Four of them—Konstantin, George, Yaroslav and Sviatoslav—succeeded him as Grand Dukes of Vladimir. He died on April 12, 1212 and was buried at the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir.
Marriage and children
Vsevolod married first Maria, whose origins are disputed. She has been variously identified as Ossetian, Alan and Moravian. They had at least fourteen children:
Sbyslava (Pelaghea) Vsevolodovna (born 26 October 1178).
Vseslava Vsevolodovna. Married Rostislav Yaroslavich, Prince of Snov. He was a son of Yaroslav II Vsevolodovich, Prince of Chernigov. His paternal grandfather was Vsevolod II of Kiev.
Verchoslava Vsevolodovna. Married Rostislav II of Kiev.
Konstantin of Rostov (18 May 1186 – 2 February 1218).
Boris Vsevolodovich. (c. 1187–1238).
Gleb Vsevolodovich (d. 29 September 1189).
Yuri II of Vladimir (1189 – 4 March 1238).
Yaroslav II of Vladimir (8 February 1191 – 30 September 1246).
Helena Vsevolodovna (d. 1204).
Vladimir Vsevolodovich, Prince of Yuryev-Polsky (25 October 1192 – 6 January 1227).
Sviatoslav III of Vladimir (27 March 1196 – 3 February 1252).
Ivan Vsevolodovich, Prince of Starodub (28 November 1197 – after 1247).
Anna Vsevolodovna. Married Vladimir, Prince of Belgorod (d. 1239).
Maria died in 1205 or 1206. Vsevolod married Liubov Vasilkovna in 1209. She was a daughter of Vasilko Bryacheslavich, Prince of Vitebsk. They had no known children.
Ryazan リャザン Kremlin Assumption Cathedral At Night in Summer
Someone shot this great video, thanks guys for such a beauty!
The Life And Death Of Ivan I of Moscow
Ivan I Daniilovich Kalita (Ива́н I Дании́лович Калита́ in Russian; 1288 – 31 March 1341 was Prince of Moscow from 1325 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1328
Ivan was the son of Prince of Moscow Daniil Aleksandrovich.
After the death of his elder brother Yuri III, Ivan inherited the Principality of Moscow. Ivan participated in the struggle to get the title of Grand Prince of Vladimir which could be obtained with the approval of a khan of the Golden Horde. The main rivals of the princes of Moscow in this struggle were the princes of Tver – Mikhail, Dmitry the Terrible Eyes, and Alexander II, all of whom obtained the title of Grand prince of Vladimir and were deprived of it. All of them were murdered in the Golden Horde. In 1328 Ivan Kalita received the approval of khan Muhammad Ozbeg to become the Grand Prince of Vladimir with the right to collect taxes from all Russian lands.
According to the Russian historian Kluchevsky, the rise of Moscow under Ivan I Kalita was determined by three factors. The first one was that the Moscow principality was situated in the middle of other Russian principalities; thus, it was protected from any invasions from the East and from the West. Compared to its neighbors, Ryazan principality and Tver principality, Moscow was less often devastated. The relative safety of the Moscow region resulted in the second factor of the rise of Moscow – an influx of working and tax-paying people who were tired of constant raids and who actively relocated to Moscow from other Russian regions. The third factor was a trade route from Novgorod to the Volga river.
Ivan Kalita intentionally pursued the policy of relocation of people to his principality by an invitation of people from other places and by purchase of Russian people captured by Mongols during their raids. He managed to eliminate all the thieves in his lands, thus insuring the safety of traveling merchants. Internal peace and order together with the absence of Mongolian raids to the Moscow principality was mentioned in Russian chronicles as “great peace, silence, and relief of Russian land.
Ivan made Moscow very wealthy by maintaining his loyalty to the Horde (hence, the nickname Kalita, or moneybag). He used this wealth to give loans to neighbouring Russian principalities. These cities gradually fell deeper and deeper into debt, a condition that would allow Ivan's successors to annex them. The people called Ivan the ‘gatherer of the Russian lands’. He bought lands around Moscow, and very often the poor owners sold their lands willingly. Some of them kept the right to rule in their lands on behalf of Ivan Kalita. In one way or another a number of cities and villages joined the Moscow principality – Uglich in 1323, the principality of Belozero in 1328–1338, the principality of Galich in 1340. Ivan's greatest success, however, was convincing the Khan in Sarai that his son, Simeon The Proud, should succeed him as the Grand Prince of Vladimir; from then on, the important position almost always belonged to the ruling house of Moscow. The Head of the Russian Church – Metropolitan Peter, whose authority was extremely high, moved from Vladimir to Moscow to Prince Ivan Kalita.
Following a Lithuanian raid on the town of Torzhok in 1335 (as part of the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars), Ivan retaliated by burning the towns of Osechen and Riasna.
Ivan died in Moscow, 31 March 1341. He was buried 1 April in the Church of the Archangel Michael.
Legacy
Under Ivan Kalita, Moscow was actively growing, and his residence on the Borovitsky hill became the main part of the city. Erection of either wooden or white-stone constructions was started in the Kremlin. A number of churches were built: in 1326–1327 the Assumption Cathedral, in 1329 the Church of Ivan of the Ladder (John Climacus), in 1330 the Cathedral of the Saviour on the Bor (Forest), and in 1333 the Cathedral of Archangel Michael, where Ivan Kalita and his descendants were buried. Between 1339 and 1340, Ivan Kalita erected a new, bigger oaken fortress on the Borovitsky hill.
In Ivan’s will “the golden captain” was mentioned for the first time; this cap is identified with the well-known Monomakh’s crown, the main crown's of Russian sovereigns.
The Great Litany
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Christmas - Highlights of the Christmas Service
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Released on: 2001-11-30
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Priceless Russia
Priceless Russia
Irina Rukosueva and the Children of Chapel by the Sea
Irina Rukosueva visited the children of Chapel by the Sea during the 10 am worship service on February 27, 2011. Chapel by the Sea is a church for the community on Fort Myers Beach, FL.
verge ny at www.popupspaceny.com
VERGE NYC
159 Bleecker Street in Greenwich Village
May 3 - May 6, 2012
Opening night reception: Thursday, May 3, 6-10pm
DJ Rachel Kowal of Sonic Smörgåsbord sponsored by Six Points Brewery and Izze Soda
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$10 day pass / $15 weekend pass
$15 opening night reception
All tickets sold at the door.
Group rates are available. Please contact us for more info.
TOMORROW'S ART TODAY: THE THIRD ANNUAL VERGE ART FAIR NEW YORK
For its third year in NY, VERGE returns to Manhattan to present an international roster of galleries in a nearly ten thousand square foot ground-level facility at 159 Bleecker Street (site of this year's Brucennial) in the Greenwich Village neighborhood. Verge NYC runs concurrent with the inaugural Frieze NY, May 3-6, in the company of satellite fairs that have also grouped alongside the English fair transplant, including the inaugural NADA NY, Pulse and Red Dot. This move back from last year's Brooklyn location is a clear benefit to exhibitors and to our visitors, says owner Michael Workman. Given the recent shifts in the art fair market, it only makes sense that we would return to Manhattan; there's a strong environment for art investment, high traffic and great accessibility. Verge Art New York is proud to host a list of exhibitors that includes international and national galleries, and twenty artists for Tomorrow Stars. Chosen by a distinguished panel of jurors, Tomorrow Stars represents the brightest and best by artists from around the globe, as selected by Don't miss out on this opportunity to own the work of tomorrow's stars today!
GALLERY & PROJECTS EXHIBITORS
ANTIDOTE, Brooklyn, NY, and Chicago, IL, Good Stuff House, Chicago, IL, Antena Gallery, Chicago, IL, Van Brabson Gallery, Minneapolis, MN, Peters Art Projects, Chicago, IL, Fine Art Consultancy, Tokyo and London, UK, VK Gallery, Amsterdam, NL, Elly Cho Projects, New York, NY, Esmeralda Kosmatopoulos Projects, New York, NY, Justin Wood Projects, Staten Island, NY, MB & Associates, New York, NY, Bruce MacDonald Projects, Burlington, VT and others.
TOMORROW STARS
Sri Prabha, Coalescing Galaxies 2, Miami, FL, Justin Wood, Structures of Time, Staten Island, NY, Dellamarie Parilli, Untitled, Chicago, IL, Mitya Nesterov, From the series Hiroshima/Ryazan, Moscow, Russia, Garry Grant, When Society See The Final Rainbow , Brooklyn, NY, Matt Frieburghaus, Swarm, Cold Spring, NY, Mariestella Colon Astacio, It's time to look up, Marietta, GA, Nu Ryu, kiss, Brooklyn, NY, Maria Victoria Peralta, 03 New York, NY, Eric Lindveit, Parade Shield #27 Scarred, Brooklyn, NY, Erin Chlaghmo, American History Caught with its Pants Down, Chicago, IL, Aveli, Lost In a Crowd, New Jersey, NY, Cynthia Mason, The grind shines bright in your eyes, St. Petersburg, FL, Chin Chih Yang, Building a future human (Bodies), Astoria, NY, Ridvan Aliti, Cycle Violin 1 Tetovoi, AK, Gregory Jiritano, Sunland Fractal Squint Brooklyn, NY, Marina Reiter, Joy Brooklyn, NY, Margaret Roleke, White Men Redding, CT, Mu Pan, Long March Brooklyn, NY, Jackie Mock, Soil Samples From Every State in the United States Collected via Craigslist New York, NY, Len Bellinger, ttm.bqe College Point, NY.
RT’s correspondent braves traditional dive into holy water on Epiphany DAY
Thousands of people across Russia braced themselves and dove into freezing waters to mark the Orthodox Christian holiday of Epiphany overnight into January 19. RT’s Emily Siu earned first-hand experience of how much guts it takes to wash away your sins.
The day Jesus Christ was baptized is one of the largest religious holidays for Orthodox Russia with more and more people every year daring to take a plunge into cold water in a ritual which is believed to have healing powers and can cleanse you of your sins.
Emily Siu who covered the event this year had to test her resistance to low-temperatures as part of an event that has turned into an annual tradition for RT’s correspondents.
“It’s very, very cold. And I feel like I’ve experienced the real Russian winter,” said Siu, who was rolled in a towel as soon she got out of the specially cut-out ice-dipping area.
After putting her clothes back on, but still looking a bit cold, Siu said she wasn’t sure that she would ever take part in the ritual again.
“One thing for sure, hot tea never tasted this good,” she said, taking a good gulp of steaming hot brew.
Watch other RT presenters proving themselves in harsh Russian winter.
==========================================
(Syariat Nabi Allah ISA a.s.) Wartawan RT berani diri menyelam tradisional kepada air suci pada hari Epiphany (VIDEO)
Beribu-ribu orang di seluruh Rusia dirembat diri mereka sendiri dan merpati ke dalam perairan beku untuk menandakan hari cuti Kristian Ortodoks Epiphany semalaman ke dalam Januari 19. RT Emily Siu memperoleh pengalaman tangan pertama berapa banyak keberanian yang diperlukan untuk mencuci dosa-dosa anda.
Hari Jesus Kristus telah dibaptiskan adalah salah satu daripada cuti agama terbesar bagi Rusia Ortodoks dengan lebih ramai orang setiap tahun berani untuk mengambil terjun ke dalam air sejuk dalam upacara yang dipercayai mempunyai kuasa penyembuhan dan boleh membersihkan kami dari dosa-dosa kami.
Emily Siu yang membuat liputan acara itu tahun ini terpaksa menguji tentangan kepada-suhu yang rendah sebagai sebahagian daripada satu peristiwa yang telah bertukar menjadi tradisi tahunan bagi wartawan RT.
Ia adalah sangat, sangat sejuk. Dan saya rasa seperti saya telah mengalami musim sejuk Rusia yang sebenar, kata Siu, yang dilancarkan dalam tuala sebaik sahaja dia keluar dari kawasan ais mencelup ketot khas.
Selepas meletakkan pakaiannya kembali, tetapi masih mencari sedikit sejuk, Siu berkata beliau tidak pasti bahawa dia pernah akan mengambil bahagian dalam upacara itu lagi.
Satu perkara yang pasti, teh panas pernah merasai perkara yang baik ini, katanya, dengan mengambil terus menelan yang baik mengukus minuman panas.
Menonton pembentang RT lain membuktikan diri mereka dalam keras musim sejuk Rusia.
Russian Orthodox cross | Wikipedia audio article
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Russian Orthodox cross
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SUMMARY
=======
Russian Orthodox cross or Orthodox cross, is a variation of the Christian cross known from the 6th century in the Byzantine Empire. The cross has three horizontal crossbeams and the lower one is slanted. Nowadays it is a symbol of the Russian Orthodox Church and a distinctive feature of the cultural landscape of Russia. Other names: Byzantine, Russian, Slavonic or Suppedaneum cross.
It was introduced in the 6th century before the break between Catholic and Orthodox churches. It was used in Byzantine frescoes, arts and crafts. In 1551 during the canonical isolation of the Russian Orthodox Church the Grand Prince of Moscow Ivan the Terrible for the first time in history started to use this cross on the domes of churches. In addition from this time it started to be depicted on Russian state coat of arms and military banners. In the second half of 19th century this cross was promoted by the government of Russian Empire in the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania as a part of Russification politics.
The Russian Orthodox cross of the Russian origin has only two horizontal crossbeams and the lower one is slanted. Some Russian sources distinguish the Russian Orthodox cross and the Orthodox cross. In Unicode the symbol (☦) is denoted as Orthodox cross. The same USVA headstone emblem is called Russian Orthodox cross.
Russia, Murom, Savior-Preobrajenskiy Monastery.(Россия, Муром, Спасо Преображенский монастырь.)
#Murom #РПЦ #Путешествия #travel #Monastery #Djondo
It appeared on the site of the wooden church of the Annunciation, the construction of which ecclesiastical tradition attributes to Saint Prince Constantine (Yaroslav) Svyatoslavich - youngest son Chernigov Prince Svyatoslav Yaroslavich, grandson of the great Kiev prince Yaroslav the Wise (according to some sources [1], could be the grandson of Yaroslav Svyatoslavich Ryazan. The temple was Muromskaya icon of Our Lady of the Greek letter brought by the Prince of Byzantium. it is known that in this temple prayed the holy Bishop Basil.
In 1547 on the basis of local veneration it was committed church-wide celebration of Blessed Prince Constantine and his children Michael and Theodore.
The monastery was founded in 1553 by Ivan the Terrible, who visited Moore in 1552 during a campaign against Kazan.
Since 1555 in the Annunciation Cathedral opened the relics of Prince Constantine.
In 1616 the monastery was destroyed and plundered by the Poles. During the XVII century the monastery gradually rise from the ruins.
Murom merchant Tarasy B. Tsvetnov rebuilt in 1664 Cathedral of the Annunciation and set the clock in the bell tower. In 1791 the monastery Murom seminary was opened. In 1792, the monastery survived the fire, but the stone buildings and the main shrine survived. In connection with a fire Muromskoye seminary was transferred to the house of the caretaker, and closed in 1800.
During the War of 1812 in the monastery and kept the Iberian Icon of the Vladimir Mother of God.
In 1866 the monastery was digested with the second class. In 1867-1882 years he ruled Murom bishops, vicars Vladimir diocese.
Возник на месте деревянной церкви Благовещения Пресвятой Богородицы, сооружение которой церковное предание приписывает святому благоверному князю Константину (Ярославу) Святославичу — младшему сыну черниговского князя Святослава Ярославича, внуку великого киевского князя Ярослава Мудрого (по мнению некоторых источников[1], мог быть внуком Ярослава Святославича Рязанского. В храме находилась Муромская икона Богоматери греческого письма, привезённая князем из Византии. Известно, что в этом храме молился святой епископ Василий.
В 1547 году на основе местного почитания была совершено общецерковное прославление благоверного князя Константина и чад его Михаила и Феодора.
Монастырь основан в 1553 году Иваном Грозным, посетившим Муром в 1552 году во время похода на Казань.
С 1555 года в Благовещенском соборе открыто почивали мощи князя Константина.
В 1616 году монастырь был разрушен и разграблен поляками. На протяжении XVII века обитель постепенно возрождалась из руин.
Муромский купец Тарасий Борисович Цветнов вновь отстроил в 1664 году Благовещенский собор и установил на колокольне часы. В 1791 году на территории монастыря было открыто Муромское духовное училище. В 1792 году обитель пережила пожар, однако каменные строения и главные святыни уцелели. В связи с пожаром Муромское духовное училище было переведено в дом смотрителя, а в 1800 году закрыто.
Во время Отечественной войны 1812 года в монастыре хранились иконы Иверской и Владимирской Богоматери.
В 1866 году монастырю был усвоен второй класс. В 1867—1882 годах им управляли епископы Муромские, викарии Владимирской епархии.
All Angels Rejoice, Concerto
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All Angels Rejoice, Concerto · Archdeacon of the Church of Boris and Gleb in Ryazan · Cantus Sacred Music Ensemble · Ludmila Arshavskaya
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Попы. От тьмы к свету.
Фильм рассказывает о сегодняшнем православном священстве. Герои фильма - три попа. Первый - в прошлом богемный художник, второй - провинциальный мальчишка, прошедший Афганистан, а третий - продолжатель древнего поповского рода. В фильме участвовали: священник Сергий Правдолюбов, настоятель храма Живоначальной Троицы в Голенищеве, г. Москва, священник Сергий Симаков, настоятель храма Архангела Михаила в Бору близ Углича, священник Михаил Щербатов, настоятель храма Живоначальной Троицы в Елатьме Рязанской и Касимовской епархии.
Наблюдение за этими людьми, беседы с ними, размышления об их жизни привели авторов фильма к неожиданному и парадоксальному выводу: священство - единственное сохранившееся сословие в России.
Братья и сестры! Просим Ваших святых молитв!
Да снизойдет на Вас Божия благодать!
Приход храма Святого праведного Иоанна Кронштадтского Чудотворца. Волгоград. Россия.
Братья и сестры! Просвещайтесь, распространяйте, подписывайтесь -
Russia: Troops and military vehicles rehearse in Red Square for V-Day parade
Troops and military vehicles paraded on Moscow's Red Square for an evening rehearsal of the 2017 Moscow Victory Day Parade, Wednesday.
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Hierarchical Divine Liturgy- 5th Year Anniversary of Reunification (MP and ROCOR)
On October 13, 2012, With the blessing of His Holiness, Kyrill, Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia, Metropolitan Hilarion, First Hierarch of the Russian Church Abroad (ROCOR) along with His Eminence, Metropolitan Paul of Ryazan and Mikhailovsk served the Divine Liturgy in Three Saints Russian Orthodox Church, Garfield, New Jersey (USA) in commemoration of the act of reunification bewteen MP and ROCOR. Sretensky Monastery Male Choir sang the responses to the liturgy that day. The article from the Media Office of the Eastern American Diocese of ROCOR can be found here along with a photo report: . A video produced by eadiocese of the liturgy can be viewed and purchased here: .
13 октября 2012 года, по благословению Святейшего Кирилла, Патриарха Московского и всея России, митрополит Иларион, Первоиерарх Русской Зарубежной Церкви (РПЦЗ), а также Его Высокопреосвященство митрополит Павел Рязанский и Михайловский совершил литургию в трех святителей Русской Православной Церкви, Гарфилд, Нью-Джерси (США) в память о акт воссоединения bewteen МП и РПЦЗ. Сретенский монастырь мужской хор пел ответы на литургии в этот день.Статья на Восточно-Американской епархии Русской Зарубежной Церкви можно найти здесь вместе с отчетом фото: . Видео производства eadiocese литургии можно рассматривать и приобрела здесь:
Ukraine. Chernigov. Church. Чернигов. Пятницкая церковь
#церковь #чернигов #украина #Ukraine #Chernigov
PHANTOM 3
PHANTOM 3
PHANTOM 3
PHANTOM 3
Пятницкая церковь
Пятницкая церковь
Пятницкая церковь
Пятницкая церковь
Chernihiv (Ukrainian: Чернігів, pronounced [t͡ʃɛrˈnʲiɦiw]) also known as Chernigov (Russian: Черни́гов, IPA: [tɕɪrˈnʲiɡəf], Polish: Czernihów) is a historic city in northern Ukraine, which serves as the administrative center of the Chernihiv Oblast (province), as well as of the surrounding Chernihiv Raion (district) within the oblast. Administratively, it is incorporated as a city of oblast significance. Population: 294,727 (2015 est.)
Chernihiv was first mentioned in the Rus'-Byzantine Treaty (907) (as Черниговъ (Chernigov)), but the time of establishment is not known. According to the items uncovered by archaeological excavations of a settlement which included artifacts from the Khazar Khaganate, it seems to have existed at least in the 9th century. Towards the end of the 10th century, the city probably had its own rulers. It was there that the Black Grave, one of the largest and earliest royal mounds in Eastern Europe, was excavated in the 19th century.
In the southern portion of the Kievan Rus' the city was the second by importance and wealth. From the early 11th century it was the seat of powerful Grand Principality of Chernigov, whose rulers at times vied for power with Kievan Grand Princes, and often overthrew them and took the primary seat in Kiev for themselves. The grand principality was the largest in Kievan Rus and included not only the Severian towns but even such remote regions as Murom, Ryazan and Tmutarakan. The golden age of Chernihiv, when the city population peaked at 25,000, lasted until 1239 when the city was sacked by the hordes of Batu Khan, which started a long period of relative obscurity.
The area fell under the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1353. The city was burned again by Crimean khan Meñli I Giray in 1482 and 1497 and in the 15th to 17th centuries it changed hands several times between Lithuania, Muscovy (1408–1420 and from 1503), and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1618–1648), where it was granted Magdeburg rights in 1623 and in 1635 became a seat of Chernihiv Voivodeship. The area's importance increased again in the middle of the 17th century during and after the Khmelnytsky Uprising. In the Hetman State Chernihiv was the city of deployment of Chernihiv Cossack regiment (both a military and territorial unit of the time).
Under the 1667 Treaty of Andrusovo the legal suzerainty of the area was ceded to Tsardom of Russia, with Chernihiv remaining an important center of the autonomous Cossack Hetmanate. With the abolishment of the Hetmanate, the city became an ordinary administrative center of the Russian Empire and a capital of local administrative units. The area in general was ruled by the Governor-General appointed from Saint Petersburg, the imperial capital, and Chernihiv was the capital of local namestnichestvo (province) (from 1782), Malorosiyskaya or Little Russian (from 1797) and Chernigov Governorate (from 1808).
According to the census of 1897, in the city of Chernihiv there were about 11,000 Jews out of the total population of 27,006. Their primary occupations were industrial and commercial. Many tobacco plantations and fruit gardens in the neighborhood were owned by Jews. There were 1,321 Jewish artisans in Chernihiv, including 404 tailors and seamstresses, but the demand for artisan labor was limited to the town. There were 69 Jewish day-laborers, almost exclusively teamsters. But few were engaged in the factories.
During World War II, Chernihiv was occupied by the German Army from 9 September 1941 to 21 September 1943.
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Russian Angel Otrok Viacheslav The Prophecies 1 - (Eng Subtitles)
Sad times for Russia were predicted if she does not repent, especially of the highest crime against Gods anointed ruler the Tsar, Slavik of Chebarkul. Vyacheslav Krasheninnikov (March 22, 1982 – March 17, 1993) – a boy who died at the age of 10, a miracle worker, healer and prophet, who continues to work wonders and miracles from his grave after death. Slavik of Chebarkul (Vyacheslav Krasheninnikov) died in 1993, but the memory of him is alive. Hundreds and thousands come to venerate him at his grave of all race, religions and nations. The boy’s prophecies have become a revival in all Christian and especially Russian eschatology.
Kievan Rus' | Wikipedia audio article
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- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Kievan Rus' (Old East Slavic: Рѹ́сь (Rus' ), Рѹ́сьскаѧ землѧ (Rus'skaya zemlya), Latin: Rus(s)ia, Ruscia, Ruzzia, Rut(h)enia) was a loose federation of East Slavic and Finnic peoples in Europe from the late 9th to the mid-13th century, under the reign of the Varangian Rurik dynasty. The modern nations of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine all claim Kievan Rus' as their cultural ancestors, with Belarus and Russia deriving their names from it.
At its greatest extent, in the mid-11th century, it stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south and from the headwaters of the Vistula in the west to the Taman Peninsula in the east, uniting the majority of East Slavic tribes.According to Russian historiography, the first ruler to start uniting East Slavic lands into what has become known as Kievan Rus' was Prince Oleg (882–912). He extended his control from Novgorod south along the Dnieper river valley to protect trade from Khazar incursions from the east, and he moved his capital to the more strategic Kiev. Sviatoslav I (died 972) achieved the first major expansion of Kievan Rus' territorial control, fighting a war of conquest against the Khazars. Vladimir the Great (980–1015) introduced Christianity with his own baptism and, by decree, extended it to all inhabitants of Kiev and beyond. Kievan Rus' reached its greatest extent under Yaroslav the Wise (1019–1054); his sons assembled and issued its first written legal code, the Rus' Justice, shortly after his death.The state declined beginning in the late 11th century and during the 12th century, disintegrating into various rival regional powers. It was further weakened by economic factors, such as the collapse of Rus' commercial ties to the Byzantine Empire due to the decline of Constantinople and the accompanying diminution of trade routes through its territory. The state finally fell to the Mongol invasion of the 1240s.
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IRAN: Country and people
Iran is a unique country. In the opinion of UNESCO specialists it is included in the list of three countries with the wealthiest cultural and historical heritage. And at the same time it is not included in TOP 100 on number of tourists. The reason is evident — image of “country of evil”. But one may reject prejudices and look at Iran with his own eyes.