Godspell in Port Perry July 6-9 2016
Come on out to see Godspell in Port Perry from July 6-9 at the Town Hall 1873.
To purchase tickets please go here:
Presented by Theatre 3x60 and Cadenza Productions, Godspell is composed of various stories and musical parables from The Gospel According to Matthew.
There’ll be five performances at Town Hall 1873 from July 6 to 9, including a matinee performance on July 9.
Carey Nicholson and Carol Salamone have enhanced the show somewhat while keeping the playful energy and uplifting message of the show and have gathered a dynamic cast of some of Durham’s favourite performers to portray Jesus Christ and his followers as they sing and dance through the various stories and lessons.
Liam Lynch is cast in the role of Jesus and he’ll be joined by Nick Denis, Kimberley Charles, Jeremy Cook, Kyffen Gaudet, Mikayla Gilliland, Olivia Jon, Matt Lambert, Marianne Lannigan, Tom Lynch, Catherine Marzola, Kelly Southwell, Steven Suepaul, and Michael Williamson.
There’ll be 8 p.m. performances July 6 to 9, 2016, as well as the 2 p.m. show on July 9, 2016.
Tickets are $25 to $28. They can be purchased online at , by calling 905-985-8181 or in person at Town Hall 1873 at 302 Queen St.
For more information on other Port Perry Summer Theatre productions and events, visit
2018 Peter Pan Jr. Featurette
The Song Spot presents Disney's Peter Pan Jr. The Musical.
This is for the Cast & Production Staff. After many months of hard work, a great March Break Camp, lots of blood sweat & tears they put on four spectacular productions, over two days, in March of 2018, at the Town Hall 1873 in Port Perry, Ontario, Canada.
May they always remember that the fruits of their labour was not only putting on an amazing show for the audience, but also they learned to work together, had loads of fun, and forged lasting memories & friendships along the way.
** Please Note: I was only able to attend the two performances that my daughter played Tinkerbell (a role she shared with the very talented Jessica). So I have to note that the pics & clips show (mostly) Bella as Tink (its the footage I had to work with). It also explains some of the shaky vids & grainy pics!! lol.
Ohio: 200 Years
Ohio represents us all. In its dramatic history and astonishing diversity, Ohio closely replicates the vast, complicated, and turbulent place called America. The film offers a snapshot of the state's colorful history along with insights into the Ohio of today: a mix of odd, funny moments and life-changing events.
Postage stamps and postal history of the United States
The history of postal service of the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters, whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later also encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal pre-payment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.
In the earliest days, Ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender. Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established. Stampless letters, paid for by the receiver, and private postal systems, were gradually phased out after the introduction of adhesive postage stamps, first issued by the U.S. government post office July 1, 1847 in the denominations of five and ten cents, with the use of stamps made mandatory in 1855.
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Timeline of United States military operations | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Timeline of United States military operations
00:00:33 1 Extraterritorial and major domestic deployments
00:00:52 1.1 1775–1799
00:03:29 1.2 1800–1809
00:04:53 1.3 1810–1819
00:09:13 1.4 1820–1829
00:10:43 1.5 1830–1839
00:13:10 1.6 1840–1849
00:15:56 1.7 1850–1859
00:21:11 1.8 1860–1869
00:24:21 1.9 1870–1879
00:26:21 1.10 1880–1889
00:27:54 1.11 1890–1899
00:32:44 1.12 1900–1909
00:36:24 1.13 1910–1919
00:44:36 1.14 1920–1929
00:48:10 1.15 1930–1939
00:49:03 1.16 1940–1944
00:50:41 1.17 1945–1949
00:53:01 1.18 1950–1959
00:56:15 1.19 1960–1969
00:58:50 1.20 1970–1979
01:02:00 1.21 1980–1989
01:12:01 1.22 1990–1999
01:22:28 1.23 2000–2009
01:27:43 1.24 2010–present
01:34:18 2 Battles with the Native Americans
01:34:36 3 Relocation
01:35:09 4 Armed insurrections and slave revolts
01:37:14 5 Range wars
01:38:06 6 Bloody local feuds
01:38:25 7 Bloodless boundary disputes
01:39:13 8 Terrorist, paramilitary groups and guerrilla warfare
01:39:25 8.1 18th and 19th century
01:40:12 9 Labor–management disputes
01:40:47 10 State and national secession attempts
01:41:25 11 Riots and public disorder
01:41:48 12 Miscellaneous
01:43:01 12.1 Latter-day Saints
01:43:16 12.2 Republic of Texas
01:43:33 13 See also
01:43:42 14 Notes
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
This timeline of United States government military operations is based on the Committee on International Relations (now known as the U.S. House Committee on Foreign Affairs). Dates show the years in which U.S. government military units participated. Items in bold are the U.S. government wars most often considered to be major conflicts by historians and the general public. Note that instances where the U.S. government gave aid alone, with no military personnel involvement, are excluded, as are Central Intelligence Agency operations.
Prince Edward Island | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Prince Edward Island
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Prince Edward Island (PEI or P.E.I.; French: Île-du-Prince-Édouard) is a province of Canada consisting of the island of the same name, and several much smaller islands. Prince Edward Island is one of the three Maritime Provinces and is the smallest province in both land area and population. It is part of the traditional lands of the Mi'kmaq, and became a British colony in the 1700s and was federated into Canada as a province in 1873. Its capital is Charlottetown. According to the 2016 census, the province of Prince Edward Island has 142,907 residents.The backbone of the economy is farming; it produces 25% of Canada's potatoes. The island has several informal names: Garden of the Gulf, referring to the pastoral scenery and lush agricultural lands throughout the province; and Birthplace of Confederation or Cradle of Confederation, referring to the Charlottetown Conference in 1864, although PEI did not join Confederation until 1873, when it became the seventh Canadian province. Historically, PEI is one of Canada's older settlements and demographically still reflects older immigration to the country, with Celtic, English and French surnames being dominant to this day.
PEI is located about 200 kilometres (120 miles) north of Halifax, Nova Scotia, and 600 kilometres (370 miles) east of Quebec City. It consists of the main island and 231 minor islands. Altogether, the entire province has a land area of 5,686.03 km2 (2,195.39 sq mi). The main island is 5,620 km2 (2,170 sq mi) in size, slightly larger than the U.S. state of Delaware. It is the 104th-largest island in the world and Canada's 23rd-largest island.
Presque Isle State Park
Presque Isle State Park is a 3,112-acre Pennsylvania state park on an arching, sandy peninsula that juts into Lake Erie, 4 miles west of the city of Erie, in Millcreek Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. The peninsula sweeps northeastward, surrounding Presque Isle Bay along the park's southern coast. It has 13 miles of roads, 21 miles of recreational trails, 13 beaches for swimming, and a marina. Popular activities at the park include swimming, boating, hiking, biking, and birdwatching.
The recorded history of Presque Isle begins with the Erielhonan, a Native American tribe who gave their name to Lake Erie, and includes French, British, and American forts, as well as serving as a base for Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry's fleet in the War of 1812. With the growing importance of shipping on Lake Erie in the 19th century, Presque Isle became home to several lighthouses and what became a United States Coast Guard station. In 1921 it became a state park, and as of 2007 it hosts over 4 million visitors per year, the most of any Pennsylvania state park.
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Postage stamps and postal history of the United States | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Postage stamps and postal history of the United States
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The history of postal service of the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters, whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later also encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.In the earliest days, ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender. Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established. Stampless letters, paid for by the receiver, and private postal systems, were gradually phased out after the introduction of adhesive postage stamps, first issued by the U.S. government post office July 1, 1847, in the denominations of five and ten cents, with the use of stamps made mandatory in 1855.
The issue and use of adhesive postage stamps continued during the 19th century primarily for first class mail. Each of these stamps generally bore the face or bust of an American president or another historically important statesman. However, once the Post Office realized during the 1890s that it could increase revenues by selling stamps as collectibles, it began issuing commemorative stamps, first in connection with important national expositions, later for the anniversaries of significant American historical events. Continued technological innovation subsequently prompted the introduction of special stamps, such as those for use with airmail, zeppelin mail, registered mail, certified mail, and so on. Postage due stamps were issued for some time and were pasted by the post office to letters having insufficient postage with the postage due to be paid to the postal carrier at the receiving address.
Today, stamps issued by the post office are self-adhesive, and no longer require that the stamps be licked to dissolve the glue on their back. In many cases, post office clerks now use Postal Value Indicators (PVI), which are computer labels, instead of stamps.Where for a century-and-a-half or so, stamps were almost invariably denominated with their values (5 cent, 10 cent, etc.) the United States post office now sells non-denominated forever stamps for use on first-class and international mail. These stamps are still valid even if there is a rate increase. However, for other uses, adhesive stamps with denomination indicators are still available and sold.
Fiji | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Fiji
00:03:22 1 Etymology
00:04:30 2 History
00:04:39 2.1 Early settlement and development of Fijian culture
00:10:57 2.2 Early interaction with Europeans
00:14:48 2.3 Cakobau and the wars against Christian infiltration
00:18:02 2.4 Cotton, confederacies and the Kai Colo
00:20:18 2.5 Kingdom of Fiji (1871–1874)
00:26:04 2.6 Blackbirding and slavery in Fiji
00:29:47 2.7 British colony
00:29:55 2.7.1 Annexation by the British in 1874
00:31:47 2.7.2 Measles epidemic of 1875
00:32:53 2.7.3 Sir Arthur Gordon and the Little War
00:38:05 2.7.4 Indian indenture system in Fiji
00:41:52 2.7.5 The Tuka rebellions
00:44:16 2.7.6 Fiji in World War I and II
00:46:25 2.7.7 Responsible government
00:48:38 2.8 Independence (1970)
00:52:57 3 Geography
00:55:27 3.1 Climate
00:56:33 4 Politics
00:57:07 4.1 2006 military takeover
01:02:02 4.2 Armed forces and law enforcement
01:02:50 4.3 Administrative divisions
01:03:42 5 Economy
01:07:12 5.1 Tourism
01:08:54 5.2 Transport
01:11:30 6 Science and technology
01:13:38 7 Society
01:13:47 7.1 Demographics
01:14:40 7.2 Ethnic groups
01:16:06 7.3 Family groups
01:16:52 7.4 Demonym
01:19:42 7.5 Languages
01:20:40 7.6 Religion
01:24:19 7.7 Education
01:24:50 8 Culture
01:25:57 8.1 Holidays and festivals
01:26:29 8.2 Sport
01:26:46 8.2.1 Rugby union
01:29:43 8.2.2 Rugby league
01:30:52 8.2.3 Rugby war dance (Cibi and Bole) and Fijian hymn
01:31:48 8.2.4 Association football
01:32:51 8.2.5 Basketball
01:33:29 8.2.6 Netball
01:33:57 8.2.7 Cricket
01:34:31 9 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
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- improves your listening skills
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Fiji ( (listen) FEE-jee; Fijian: Viti [ˈβitʃi]; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी), officially the Republic of Fiji (Fijian: Matanitu Tugalala o Viti; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी गणराज्य), is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean about 1,100 nautical miles (2,000 km; 1,300 mi) northeast of New Zealand's North Island. Its closest neighbours are Vanuatu to the west, New Caledonia to the southwest, New Zealand's Kermadec Islands to the southeast, Tonga to the east, the Samoas and France's Wallis and Futuna to the northeast, and Tuvalu to the north. It has an archipelago of more than 330 islands—of which 110 are permanently inhabited—and more than 500 islets, amounting to a total land area of about 18,300 square kilometres (7,100 sq mi). The farthest island is Ono-i-Lau. The two major islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, account for 87% of the total population of 898,760. The capital, Suva on Viti Levu, serves as Fiji's principal cruise port. About three-quarters of Fijians live on Viti Levu's coasts, either in Suva or in smaller urban centres like Nadi (with tourism being the major industry) or Lautoka (sugar cane industry). Viti Levu's interior is sparsely inhabited due to its terrain.The majority of Fiji's islands were formed through volcanic activity starting around 150 million years ago. Today, some geothermal activity still occurs on the islands of Vanua Levu and Taveuni. The geothermal systems on Viti Levu are of non-volcanic origin with low temperature (35-60 degrees Celsius) surface discharges, Sabeto Hot Springs near Nadi being a good example. Fiji has been inhabited since the second millennium BC, and was settled first by Austronesians and later by Melanesians, with some Polynesian influences. Europeans visited Fiji from the 17th century, and, after a brief period as an independent kingdom, the British established the Colony of Fiji in 1874. Fiji was a Crown colony until 1970, when it gained independence as the Dominion of Fiji. A republic was declared in 1987, following a series of coups d'état. In a coup in 2006, Commodore Frank Bainimarama seized power. When the High Court ruled in 2009 that the military leadership was unlawful, President Ratu Josefa Iloilo, whom the military had retained as the nominal Head of State, formally abrogated the Constitution and reappointed Bainimarama. Later in 2009, Iloilo was replaced as President ...
Ulysses S. Grant | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:11 1 Early life and education
00:06:51 2 Early military career and personal life
00:07:02 2.1 West Point and first assignment
00:10:21 2.2 Marriage and family
00:11:26 2.3 Mexican–American War
00:14:41 2.4 Post-war assignments
00:17:49 3 Civilian struggles and politics
00:21:32 4 Civil War
00:22:34 4.1 Early commands
00:24:26 4.2 Belmont, Forts Henry and Donelson
00:29:01 4.3 Shiloh and aftermath
00:34:26 4.4 Vicksburg campaign
00:38:36 4.5 Chattanooga and promotion
00:41:55 4.6 Overland Campaign and Petersburg Siege
00:47:16 4.7 Appomattox campaign, and victory
00:49:25 4.8 Lincoln's assassination
00:50:44 5 Commanding General
00:51:45 5.1 Reconstruction
00:53:22 5.2 Break from Johnson
00:56:27 5.3 Election of 1868
00:58:57 6 Presidency (1869–1877)
01:01:49 6.1 Later Reconstruction and civil rights
01:08:38 6.2 Native American iPeace/i policy
01:12:10 6.3 Foreign affairs
01:16:49 6.4 Gold standard and gold conspiracy
01:20:32 6.5 Election of 1872 and second term
01:24:05 6.6 Panic of 1873 and loss of Congress
01:27:15 6.7 Scandals and reform
01:34:34 6.8 Election of 1876
01:36:14 7 Post-presidency
01:36:24 7.1 World tour and diplomacy
01:38:08 7.2 Third term attempt
01:40:26 7.3 Business reversals, speculation and confidence men
01:43:33 7.4 Memoirs, pension, and death
01:49:48 8 Historical reputation
01:53:12 9 Memorials and presidential library
01:55:44 10 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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- improves your listening skills
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- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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Speaking Rate: 0.9501520319374683
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was an American soldier, politician, and international statesman who served as the 18th president of the United States from 1869 to 1877. During the American Civil War, General Grant, with President Abraham Lincoln, led the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy. During the Reconstruction Era, President Grant led the Republicans in their efforts to remove the vestiges of Confederate nationalism, racism, and slavery.
From early childhood in Ohio, Grant was a skilled equestrian who had a talent for taming horses. He graduated from West Point in 1843 and served with distinction in the Mexican–American War. Upon his return, Grant married Julia Dent, and together they had four children. In 1854, Grant abruptly resigned from the army. He and his family struggled financially in civilian life for seven years. When the Civil War broke out in 1861, Grant joined the Union Army and rapidly rose in rank to general. Grant was persistent in his pursuit of the Confederate enemy, winning major battles and gaining Union control of the Mississippi River. In March 1864, President Lincoln promoted Grant to Lieutenant General, a rank previously reserved for George Washington. For over a year Grant's Army of the Potomac fought the Army of Northern Virginia led by Robert E. Lee in the Overland Campaign and at Petersburg. On April 9, 1865, Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox, and the war ended.
On April 14, 1865, Lincoln was assassinated. Grant continued his service under Lincoln's successor President Andrew Johnson and was promoted General of the Army in 1866. Disillusioned by Johnson's conservative approach to Reconstruction, Grant drifted toward the Radical Republicans. Elected the youngest 19th Century president in 1868, Grant stabilized the post-war national economy, created the Department of Justice, and prosecuted the Ku Klux Klan. He appointed African-Americans and Jewish-Americans to prominent federal offices. In 1871, Grant created the first Civil Service Commission. The Democrats and Liberal Republicans united behind Grant's opponent in the presidential election of 1872, but Grant was handily re-elected. Grant's new Peace Policy for Native Americans had both successes and failures. Grant's administration successfully resolv ...
Chester A. Arthur | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Chester A. Arthur
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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- improves your listening skills
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- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 21st President of the United States from 1881 to 1885; he was the 20th Vice President of the United States and became president upon the death of President James Garfield in September 1881.
Arthur was born in Fairfield, Vermont, grew up in upstate New York, and practiced law in New York City. He served as quartermaster general of the New York Militia during the American Civil War. Following the war, he devoted more time to Republican politics and quickly rose in New York Senator Roscoe Conkling's political machine. Appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant to the lucrative and politically powerful post of Collector of the Port of New York in 1871, Arthur was an important supporter of Conkling and the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party. In 1878, the new president, Rutherford B. Hayes, fired Arthur as part of a plan to reform the federal patronage system in New York. When Garfield won the Republican nomination for president in 1880, Arthur, an eastern Stalwart, was nominated for vice president to balance the ticket. Six months into his term Arthur assumed the presidency upon the assassination of his predecessor by a mentally ill Stalwart.
At the outset, Arthur struggled to overcome a negative reputation as a Stalwart and product of Conkling's machine. To the surprise of reformers, he took up the cause of civil service reform. Arthur advocated for and enforced the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act. He presided over the rebirth of the United States Navy, but was criticized for failing to alleviate the federal budget surplus, which had been accumulating since the end of the Civil War. Arthur signed the Chinese Exclusion Act, which resulted in denying citizenship to Chinese Americans until 1898 and barring Chinese immigration until 1943. Building on the 1875 Page Act, which barred Chinese women from entering the country, it was the first total ban on an ethnic or national group from immigrating to the country.
Suffering from poor health, Arthur made only a limited effort to secure the Republican Party's nomination in 1884; he retired at the close of his term. Journalist Alexander McClure later wrote, No man ever entered the Presidency so profoundly and widely distrusted as Chester Alan Arthur, and no one ever retired ... more generally respected, alike by political friend and foe. Although his failing health and political temperament combined to make his administration less active than a modern presidency, he earned praise among contemporaries for his solid performance in office. The New York World summed up Arthur's presidency at his death in 1886: No duty was neglected in his administration, and no adventurous project alarmed the nation. Mark Twain wrote of him, [I]t would be hard indeed to better President Arthur's administration. Over the 20th and 21st centuries, however, Arthur's reputation mostly faded among the public. He is generally ranked as an average president by historians and scholars. Arthur's obscurity has caused some historians and journalists to describe him as the Most Forgotten U.S. President.
Canada | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Canada
00:03:10 1 Etymology
00:04:49 2 History
00:04:58 2.1 Indigenous peoples
00:07:46 2.2 European colonization
00:13:36 2.3 Confederation and expansion
00:14:52 2.4 Early 20th century
00:17:36 2.5 Contemporary era
00:21:05 3 Geography and climate
00:24:54 4 Government and politics
00:29:13 4.1 Law
00:32:04 4.2 Foreign relations and military
00:36:55 4.3 Provinces and territories
00:38:37 5 Economy
00:42:48 5.1 Science and technology
00:44:48 6 Demographics
00:47:47 6.1 Education
00:49:25 6.2 Ethnicity
00:51:05 6.3 Religion
00:52:51 6.4 Languages
00:56:08 7 Culture
00:58:45 7.1 Symbols
01:00:05 7.2 Literature
01:01:19 7.3 Visual arts
01:02:30 7.4 Music
01:03:51 7.5 Sport
01:05:18 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Canada (Canadian French: [kanadɑ]) is a country located in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. As a whole, Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land area being dominated by forest and tundra. Consequently, its population is highly urbanized, with over 80 percent of its inhabitants concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border. Canada's climate varies widely across its vast area, ranging from arctic weather in the north, to hot summers in the southern regions, with four distinct seasons.
Various indigenous peoples have inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored, and later settled, along the Atlantic coast. As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom. This widening autonomy was highlighted by the Statute of Westminster of 1931 and culminated in the Canada Act of 1982, which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the British parliament, except for the power to amend its constitution.
Canada is a federal parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state. The country is a realm within the Commonwealth of Nations, a member of the Francophonie and officially bilingual at the federal level. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, and education. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries. Canada's long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture.
Canada is a developed country and has the fifteenth-highest nominal per capita income globally as well as the tenth-highest ranking in the Human Development Index. Its advanced economy is the tenth-largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks. Canada is part of several major international and intergovernmental institutions or groupings including the United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the G7 (formerly G8), the Group of Ten, the G20, the North American Free Trade Agreement and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum.
History of the United States Merchant Marine | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
History of the United States Merchant Marine
00:00:43 1 History
00:00:51 1.1 Early history
00:02:04 1.1.1 The 18th century
00:02:44 1.1.2 Revolutionary War
00:03:42 1.1.3 1783–1790
00:10:02 1.1.4 The 1790s
00:11:25 1.2 The 19th century
00:14:49 1.2.1 The War of 1812
00:15:40 1.2.2 Clipper ships
00:17:27 1.2.3 1815–1830
00:19:37 1.2.4 The 1830s
00:21:20 1.2.5 The 1840s
00:25:11 1.2.6 The 1850s
00:30:09 1.2.7 The 1860s
00:30:30 1.2.7.1 Civil War era
00:33:11 1.2.7.2 1866–1870
00:34:45 1.2.8 The 1870s
00:36:11 1.2.9 The 1880s
00:37:24 1.2.10 The 1890s
00:39:23 1.3 The early 20th century
00:39:58 1.3.1 The 1910s
00:42:10 1.3.2 World War I
00:45:29 1.3.3 1919–1930
00:46:27 1.3.4 1930–1941
00:49:51 1.3.4.1 NMU formation
00:51:30 1.3.4.2 SIU formation
00:52:11 1.3.5 The 1940s
00:52:19 1.3.5.1 World War II
00:59:08 1.3.5.2 Wartime issues
01:06:32 1.3.6 The 1950s
01:07:22 1.3.6.1 Korean War
01:12:51 1.3.6.2 1953–1960
01:15:48 1.4 The late 20th century
01:15:57 1.4.1 1960s
01:16:42 1.4.2 Vietnam War
01:17:57 1.4.3 The 1970s
01:18:52 1.4.4 The 1980s
01:19:15 1.4.5 The 1990s
01:20:44 1.5 The 2000s
01:22:52 2 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The maritime history of the United States is a broad theme within the history of the United States. As an academic subject, it crosses the boundaries of standard disciplines, focusing on understanding the United States' relationship with the oceans, seas, and major waterways of the globe. The focus is on merchant shipping, and the financing and manning of the ships. A merchant marine owned at home is not essential to an extensive foreign commerce. In fact, it may be cheaper to hire other nations to handle the carrying trade than to participate in it directly. On the other hand, there are certain advantages, particularly during time of war, which may warrant an aggressive government encouragement to the maintenance of a merchant marine.
History of the United States Navy | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:06:21 1 Foundations of the Old Navy
00:06:33 1.1 Continental Navy (1775–1785)
00:13:13 1.2 Disarmament (1785–1794)
00:17:04 1.3 Establishment (1794–1812)
00:23:33 1.4 War of 1812 (1812–1815)
00:27:52 1.5 Continental Expansion (1815–1861)
00:37:15 1.6 American Civil War (1861–1865)
00:42:50 1.7 Decline of the Navy (1865–1882)
00:46:54 2 New Navy
00:47:05 2.1 Rebuilding (1882–1898)
00:50:11 2.2 Spanish–American War (1898)
00:52:41 2.3 Rise of the Modern Navy (1898–1914)
00:56:59 2.4 World War I (1914–1918)
00:57:13 2.4.1 Mexico
00:57:57 2.4.2 Preparing for war 1914-1917
01:02:34 2.4.3 Fighting a world war, 1917–18
01:05:57 2.5 Inter-war entrenchment and expansion (1918–1941)
01:12:35 2.5.1 Submarines
01:18:25 3 Worldwide expansion
01:18:36 3.1 World War II (1941–1945)
01:18:49 3.1.1 Command structure
01:21:52 3.1.2 Carrier warfare
01:31:17 3.2 Cold War (1945–1991)
01:31:55 3.2.1 Revolt of the Admirals
01:35:33 3.2.2 Korean War and naval expansion
01:37:24 3.2.3 Vietnam War
01:38:15 3.2.4 Soviet challenge
01:39:30 3.3 Post–Cold War (1991–present)
01:45:32 4 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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Speaking Rate: 0.7591204529944208
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-C
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The history of the United States Navy divides into two major periods: the Old Navy, but a small respected force of sailing ships that was also notable for George A Mcnurlen ll innovation in the use of ironclads during the American Civil War, and the New Navy, the result of a modernization effort that began in the 1880s and made it the largest in the world by the 1920s.
The United States Navy claims 13 October 1775 as the date of its official establishment, when the Second Continental Congress passed a resolution creating the Continental Navy. With the end of the American Revolutionary War, the Continental Navy was disbanded. Under first President George Washington threats to American merchant shipping by Barbary pirates from four North African Muslim States, in the Mediterranean, led to the Naval Act of 1794, which created a permanent standing U.S. Navy. The original six frigates were authorized as part of the Act. Over the next 20 years, the Navy fought the French Republic Navy in the Quasi-War (1798–99), Barbary states in the First and Second Barbary Wars, and the British in the War of 1812. After the War of 1812, the U.S. Navy was at peace until the Mexican–American War in 1846, and served to combat piracy in the Mediterranean and Caribbean seas, as well as fighting the slave trade off the coast of West Africa. In 1845, the Naval Academy was founded at old Fort Severn at Annapolis, Maryland by the Chesapeake Bay. In 1861, the American Civil War began and the U.S. Navy fought the small Confederate States Navy with both sailing ships and new revolutionary ironclad ships while forming a blockade that shut down the Confederacy's civilian coastal shipping. After the Civil War, most of its ships were laid up in reserve, and by 1878, the Navy was just 6,000 men.
In 1882, the U.S. Navy consisted of many outdated ship designs. Over the next decade, Congress approved building multiple modern steel-hulled armored cruisers and battleships, and by around the start of the 20th century had moved from twelfth place in 1870 to fifth place in terms of numbers of ships. After winning two major battles during the 1898 Spanish–American War, the American Navy continued to build more ships, and by the end of World War I had more men and women in uniform than the British Royal Navy. The Washington Naval Conference of 1921 recognized the Navy as equal in capital ship size to the Royal Navy, and during the 1920s and 1930s, the Navy built several aircraft carriers and battleships. The Navy was drawn into World War II after the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 De ...
Suriname | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Suriname
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
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- learn while on the move
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Suriname (, US also , also spelled Surinam), officially known as the Republic of Suriname (Dutch: Republiek Suriname [reːpyˌblik syːriˈnaːmə]), is a country on the northeastern Atlantic coast of South America. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, French Guiana to the east, Guyana to the west and Brazil to the south. At just under 165,000 square kilometers (64,000 square miles), it is the smallest sovereign state in South America. Suriname has a population of approximately 558,368, most of whom live on the country's north coast, in and around the capital and largest city, Paramaribo.
Suriname was long inhabited by various indigenous people before being invaded and contested by European powers from the 16th century, eventually coming under Dutch rule in the late 17th century. During the Dutch colonial period, it was primarily a plantation economy dependent on African slaves and, following the abolition of slavery, indentured servants from Asia. In 1954, Suriname became one of the constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. On 25 November 1975, the country of Suriname left the Kingdom of the Netherlands to become an independent state, nonetheless maintaining close economic, diplomatic, and cultural ties to its former colonizer.
Suriname is considered to be a culturally Caribbean country, and is a member of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM). While Dutch is the official language of government, business, media, and education, Sranan, an English-based creole language, is a widely used lingua franca. Suriname is the only sovereign nation outside Europe where Dutch is spoken by a majority of the population. As a legacy of colonization, the people of Suriname are among the most diverse in the world, spanning a multitude of ethnic, religious, and linguistic groups.
A los ciudadanos de México y al Congreso de la Unión. #ReformaPolíticaYA
Lee el TEXTO COMPLETO:
México, Septiembre 2013
A los ciudadanos de México y al Congreso de la Unión:
En los últimos dos años, hemos exigido constantemente el contar con nuevas vías en la Ley para que los ciudadanos seamos partícipes en la toma de decisiones. Durante ese tiempo, los legisladores, el gobierno y los partidos políticos han sido conscientes de la urgencia de ampliar y mejorar el diseño democrático del país.
Con las Candidaturas Independientes, Consultas Populares y la Iniciativa de Ley Ciudadana, abriremos caminos para que los ciudadanos resolvamos lo que ellos no han podido, ni podrán resolver; porque su representación y autoridad no basta ni alcanza, tenemos muchas decisiones que tomar y muchas acciones que ejercer.
Legisladores, recuerden que la razón de su encargo empieza en la ciudadanía, por lo tanto, somos los primeros impulsores de la autocrítica y el reconocimiento de los errores y, también, somos los principales promotores del cambio y la renovación. Sin embargo, algunos han querido mitigar una y otra vez la soberanía que ejercemos sobre ustedes, estamos cansados de vivir dentro de un sistema político diseñado y operado sólo por y para la clase política. Las consecuencias de una frustración que aumenta y una paciencia que se agota están a la vista: el abstencionismo electoral por falta de credibilidad en la oferta de partidos que se volvieron auto complacientes; ciudadanos que se plantan y toman calles o el Congreso y que se hacen justicia por cuenta propia. Y todo desgraciadamente ante la falta de herramientas efectivas para incidir en la toma decisiones y solución de problemas.
El simple voto en las elecciones ya no basta, el insuficiente y anómalo modelo democrático mexicano actual está agotado; necesitamos dejar de ser únicamente una democracia representativa y convertirnos en una democracia representativa y participativa. Para avanzar, falta reglamentar las tres figuras aprobadas y en esa urgente necesidad estamos.
En los últimos días, en los pasillos del Senado ha circulado una propuesta del Ejecutivo Federal que plantea reglamentar la democracia participativa, de tal modo que las Candidaturas Independientes sean cooptables por intereses particulares, burocratiza las Iniciativas Ciudadanas y se atreve a minimizar las peticiones de Consultas Populares desvirtuando su finalidad. Rechazamos esa propuesta.
Legisladores, les conminamos una vez más a reglamentar las tres figuras de participación ciudadana de manera correcta, en función y beneficio de sus representados y no del Ejecutivo. Ustedes tienen desde hace meses, varias iniciativas diseñadas entre ciudadanos y legisladores que contribuyen efectivamente al modelo democrático que sí queremos y merecemos. Destraben YA el proceso legislativo, dictaminen las iniciativas presentadas e inauguren la democracia participativa efectiva en México.
Ciudadanos, ya está hecha buena parte del trabajo, queda en los legisladores la voluntad para terminarlo. Exijamos se haga lo correcto, por dignidad y con autoridad.
#ReformaPolíticaYA
México, Septiembre 2013