НАҚБИ ХАТЛОН | Тунел Хатлон | Tunnel Khatlon (TAJIKISTAN)
НАҚБИ ХАТЛОН | Тунел Хатлон | Tunnel Khatlon (TAJIKISTAN)
Дарозии ин нақб 4450 метр мебошад.
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#ТунелХатлон #хатлон #таджикистан #тунелподшипка #Khatlon #вилоят #накб #Тунел #tunnel #tajikistan #lkbyfneyfkf #длинатунела #точикистон #Тоҷикистон #путешествие #travel #TunnelKhatlon #НАҚБИХАТЛОН #ВилоятиХатлон #centralasia #Азия #تاجیکستان #туризмвтаджикистане #traveltajikistan #таджикистанчтопосмотреть #howtotraveltajikistan #кулоб #РохиКулоб
Тунел Хатлон:
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Ansob-Tunnel - Tunnel in Tadschikistan -
Dieser gefährliche Tunnel in Asien hat es in sich. Ab der Hälfte kein Licht. Für uns war es eine der gefährlichsten 5 Kilometer, welche wir jemals gefahren sind. Der Ansob-Tunnel verbindet den nördlichen Teil Tadschikistan mit der Hauptstadt. Es ist 5 Kilometer lang und hat keine Lüftung, keine Fahrbahnmarkierung und sonstige Sicherheitseinrichtungen. Manchmal sieht man max 20 Meter, es gibt einen starken Dunst von Abgasen. Später im Tunnel fehlt auch das Licht.
Jetzt Kanal abonnieren
Es gibt auch faktisch keine Alternative um von dem Norden Tadschikistans in die Hauptstadt zu fahren.
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This dangerous tunnel in Asia has it all. For us it was one of the most dangerous 5 kilometres we ever drove. The Ansob tunnel connects the northern part of Tajikistan with the capital. It is 5 kilometers long and has no ventilation, no road markings and other safety equipment. Sometimes one sees max 20 meters, there is a strong haze of exhaust fumes.
There is no alternative to drive from the north of Tajikistan to the capital.
From Dushanbe to Hulbuk - Tajikistan 4K Travel Channel
Early in the morning, the convoy with three drivers arrived at our hotel in Dushanbe. They will take us from Dushanbe through the Pamir to Osh in Kyrgyzstan. Shane Dallas, also known as the Travel Camel, has brought together the participants of this tour. He is waiting for the drivers and the guide in the lobby of the Hotel Lotus.
The executing organization is Pamir Guides, based in Murghab. In fact, most of the drivers and guides of the company live in Osh but originate from Murgab or the surrounding area.
After a first get-together, we stow our luggage and set off. Destination of the first day is Kalaikhum, about 370 km away.
Shortly after Dushanbe, we are stopped on the first long straight road section. A policeman waved with a radar gun around in the air. It did not look like he could carry out a sensible measurement this way. Even so, the drivers had to pay for the supposedly too fast driving.
The Pamir Highway usually leads directly from Dushanbe to Kalaikhum. This route is also known as the northern route. The southern route leads via Hulbuk and Kulob to the valley of the Panj River. Many members of the Tajik government of Duschanbe originate from this region. This route is longer than the northern one, but the road surface is much better. At that time we do not yet appreciate this.
From Dushanbe, we drive eastwards but turn to the south after approx. 20 km. Then the road climbs continuously. After a short time, we pass the 4.5-kilometer-long Khatlon Tunnel (formerly called Chormaghzak Tunnel) before the road descends again into the Vakhsh Valley. A bridge crosses the river west of Nurek City.
Immediately afterward, the road climbs again and leads through the approximately 2.2 km long Shar-Shar Tunnel, renamed Ozodi (Freedom) Tunnel. Leaving the tunnel, the view opens towards the Nurek Dam, currently the highest dam in the world. A 300 m high dam holds back the lake to more than 70 km in length. It was built with Soviet help in 1961. An even higher dam with a height of 335 m is upstream under construction. It is to generate electricity for two further aluminum plants and for the export.
The making of the two tunnels started with Chinese help in 2007. China invested a total of $ 720 million in Tajikistan.
......
please read more:
Früh am Morgen erreicht der Konvoi mit drei Fahrern unser Hotel in Duschnabe. Sie sollen uns von Duschanbe durch das Pamir nach Osh in Kirgistan bringen. Shane Dallas, alias das Travel Camel, hat die Teilnehmer dieser Tour zusammengebracht. Sprungbereit erwartet er die Fahrer und den Guide in der Lobby des Hotel Lotus.
Durchführende Organisation ist Pamir Guides mit Sitz in Murgab (Murghob). Tatsächlich leben die meisten Fahrer und Guides der Firma in Osh, stammen aber gebürtig aus Murgab oder der Umgebung.
Nach dem ersten Kennenlernen wird das Gepäck verstaut und wir machen uns auf den Weg. Erstes Tagesziel ist Kalaikhum, ca. 370 km entfernt.
Schon kurz nach Duschanbe werden wir auf dem ersten langen geraden Straßenabschnitt unfreiwillig gestoppt. Ein Polizist fuchtelte mit einer Radarpistole in der Luft herum. Es sah nicht danach aus, dass er auf diese Art und Weise eine vernünftige Messung durchführen konnte. Nichtsdestotrotz wurden die Fahrer wegen angeblichem zu schnell Fahren zur Kasse gebeten.
Der Pamir Highway führt normalerweise direkt von Duschanbe nach Kalaikhum. Dieser Weg wird auch als die nördliche Strecke bezeichnet. Die südliche Strecke führt über Hulbuk und Kulob in das Tal des Pandsch. Aus dieser Gegend stammen viele Mitglieder der tadschikischen Regierung in Duschanbe. Diese Strecke ist länger als die nördliche, aber der Straßenbelag ist viel besser. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt wissen wir dies aber noch nicht zu schätzen.
Von Duschanbe aus fahren wir nach Osten, biegen aber nach ca. 20 km nach Süden ab. Danach beginnt die Straße stetig anzusteigen. Schon nach kurzer Zeit passieren wir zuerst den knapp 4,5 km langen Chormaghzak (Khatlon) Tunnel bevor die Straße wieder abwärts, in das Tal des Vakhsh (Wachsch) führt. Westlich der Stadt Nurek (Norak) überquert eine Brücke den Fluss.
Sofort danach steigt die Straße wieder an und wird durch den ca. 2,2 km langen Shar-Shar (Ozadi) Tunnel geleitet. Nach dem Verlassen des Tunnels wird der Blick freigegeben auf den Nurek Staudamm, den zurzeit höchsten Staudamm der Welt. Eine 300 m hohe Staumauer staut den See auf über 70 km Länge auf. Sie wurde 1961 mit sowjetischer Hilfe gebaut. Ein noch höherer Damm mit 335 m Höhe ist flussaufwärts in Bau. Er soll Strom für zwei weitere Aluminiumwerke und den Export liefern.
Der Bau der beiden Tunnel wurde 2007 mit chinesischer Hilfe gestartet. China investierte insgesamt $720 Millionen in Tadschikistan.
....
weitere Infos im Reisevideoblog:
г.Нурек РТ.-едим через перевал+тоннель август 2017
г.Нурек РТ.-едим через перевал+тоннель август 2017
[Tajikistan] Kulob Taxi Stand | Куляб стоянка такси | 쿨롭 택시 승하차장
[Tajikistan] Kulob Sakhovat Bazaar | Бозори Саховат, Куляб | 쿨롭 사호밧 시장
2013.02.18.
Kulob Sakhovat Bazaar (Sakhovat Public Market)
Трасса Вахдат - Себистон (Дангаринский район)
ДАНҒАРА - Роҳ суи ДУШАНБЕ | ДАНГАРА - Дорога в ДУШАНБЕ
ДАНҒАРА - Роҳ суи ДУШАНБЕ
ДАНГАРА - Дорога в ДУШАНБЕ
ноҳияи Данғара:
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#ДАНҒАРА #нохияиДангара #Dushanbe
#РоҳсуиДУШАНБЕ #душанбе #рох #гул #roadtodushanbe #road #flowers #шахриДангара #шохрох #данғара #шаҳриДанғара #ноҳияиДанғара #шоҳроҳ
#гулҳо #роҳ #дорогавДушанбе #тоҷикистон #таджикистан #tajikistan
#ВилоятиХатлон #Хатлонскийобласть #Khatlon #dushanbe #ДорогавДУШАНБЕ #danghara
Tajikistan
Tajikistan (/tɑːˈdʒiːkɨstɑːn/, /təˈdʒiːkɨstæn/, or /tæˈdʒiːkiːstæn/; Тоҷикистон [tɔd͡ʒikɪsˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Çumhuriyi Toçikiston/Jumhuriyi Tojikiston; Russian: Респу́блика Таджикистан, Respublika Tadzhikistan), is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. Mountains cover more than 90% of the country.
Most of Tajikistan's 8 million people belong to the Tajik ethnic group, who speak Tajik, a dialect of Modern Persian, although many people also speak Russian. 70% of Tajikistan's population are under the age of 30.
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
Tajikistan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:59 1 Etymology
00:04:19 2 History
00:04:27 2.1 Early history
00:07:59 2.2 Russian Tajikistan
00:09:29 2.3 Soviet Tajikistan
00:13:20 2.4 Independence
00:17:11 3 Politics
00:20:08 4 Geography
00:21:08 4.1 Administrative divisions
00:22:01 4.2 Lakes
00:22:38 5 Economy
00:29:09 6 Transportation
00:30:15 6.1 Rail
00:30:58 6.2 Air
00:31:59 6.3 Roads
00:32:59 7 Gender Equality
00:40:27 8 Demographics
00:41:39 8.1 Languages
00:42:22 8.2 Education
00:42:44 8.3 Employment
00:43:03 8.4 Culture
00:44:35 8.5 Religion
00:47:57 9 Health
00:49:15 10 Education
00:51:03 11 Sport
00:53:12 12 Notable individuals
00:54:01 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Tajikistan ( (listen), ; Tajik: Тоҷикистон [tɔdʒikisˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhuriyi Tojikiston), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi) and an estimated population of 8.7 million people as of 2016. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. The traditional homelands of the Tajik people include present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.
The territory that now constitutes Tajikistan was previously home to several ancient cultures, including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures, including the Oxus civilisation, Andronovo culture, Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Islam. The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Achaemenid Empire, Sasanian Empire, Hephthalite Empire, Samanid Empire, Mongol Empire, Timurid dynasty, the Russian Empire, and subsequently the Soviet Union. Within the Soviet Union, the country's modern borders were drawn when it was part of Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic before becoming a full-fledged Soviet republic in 1929.On 9 September 1991, Tajikistan became an independent sovereign nation when the Soviet Union disintegrated. A civil war was fought almost immediately after independence, lasting from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, newly established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country's economy to grow. Like all other Central Asian neighbouring states, the country, led by President Emomali Rahmon since 1994, has been criticised by a number of non-governmental organizations for authoritarian leadership, lack of religious freedom, corruption and widespread violations of human rights.
Tajikistan is a presidential republic consisting of four provinces. Most of Tajikistan's 8.7 million people belong to the Tajik ethnic group, who speak Tajik (a dialect of Persian). Many Tajiks also speak Russian as their second language. While the state is constitutionally secular, Islam is practiced by 98% of the population. In the Gorno-Badakhshan Oblast of Tajikistan, despite its sparse population, there is large linguistic diversity where Rushani, Shughni, Ishkashimi, Wakhi and Tajik are some of the languages spoken. Mountains cover more than 90% of the country. It has a transition economy that is highly dependent on remittances, aluminium and cotton production. Tajikistan is a member of the United Nations, CIS, OSCE, OIC, ECO, SCO and CSTO as well as an NATO PfP partner.
Tajikistan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tajikistan
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Tajikistan ( (listen), ; Tajik: Тоҷикистон [tɔdʒikisˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhuriyi Tojikiston), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi) and an estimated population of 8.7 million people as of 2016. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. The traditional homelands of the Tajik people include present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.
The territory that now constitutes Tajikistan was previously home to several ancient cultures, including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures, including the Oxus civilisation, Andronovo culture, Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Islam. The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Achaemenid Empire, Sasanian Empire, Hephthalite Empire, Samanid Empire, Mongol Empire, Timurid dynasty, the Russian Empire, and subsequently the Soviet Union. Within the Soviet Union, the country's modern borders were drawn when it was part of Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic before becoming a full-fledged Soviet republic in 1929.On 9 September 1991, Tajikistan became an independent sovereign nation when the Soviet Union disintegrated. A civil war was fought almost immediately after independence, lasting from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, newly established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country's economy to grow. Like all other Central Asian neighbouring states, the country, led by President Emomali Rahmon since 1994, has been criticised by a number of non-governmental organizations for authoritarian leadership, lack of religious freedom, corruption and widespread violations of human rights.
Tajikistan is a presidential republic consisting of four provinces. Most of Tajikistan's 8.7 million people belong to the Tajik ethnic group, who speak Tajik (a dialect of Persian). Many Tajiks also speak Russian as their second language. While the state is constitutionally secular, Islam is practiced by 98% of the population. In the Gorno-Badakhshan Oblast of Tajikistan, despite its sparse population, there is large linguistic diversity where Rushani, Shughni, Ishkashimi, Wakhi and Tajik are some of the languages spoken. Mountains cover more than 90% of the country. It has a transition economy that is highly dependent on remittances, aluminium and cotton production. Tajikistan is a member of the United Nations, CIS, OSCE, OIC, ECO, SCO and CSTO as well as an NATO PfP partner.
Tajikistan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tajikistan
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Tajikistan ( ( listen), ; Tajik: Тоҷикистон [tɔdʒikisˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhuriyi Tojikiston، جمهوری تاجیکستان ), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi) and an estimated population of 8.7 million people as of 2016. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. The traditional homelands of the Tajik people include present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.
The territory that now constitutes Tajikistan was previously home to several ancient cultures, including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures, including the Oxus civilisation, Andronovo culture, Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Islam. The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Achaemenid Empire, Sasanian Empire, Hephthalite Empire, Samanid Empire, Mongol Empire, Timurid dynasty, the Russian Empire, and subsequently the Soviet Union. Within the Soviet Union, the country's modern borders were drawn when it was part of Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic before becoming a full-fledged Soviet republic in 1929.On 9 September 1991, Tajikistan became an independent sovereign nation when the Soviet Union disintegrated. A civil war was fought almost immediately after independence, lasting from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, newly established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country's economy to grow. Like all other Central Asian neighbouring states, the country, led by President Emomali Rahmon since 1994, has been criticised by a number of non-governmental organizations for authoritarian leadership, lack of religious freedom, corruption and widespread violations of human rights.
Tajikistan is a presidential republic consisting of four provinces. Most of Tajikistan's 8.7 million people belong to the Tajik ethnic group, who speak Tajik (a dialect of Persian). Many Tajiks also speak Russian as their second language. While the state is constitutionally secular, Islam is practiced by 98% of the population. In the Gorno-Badakhshan Oblast of Tajikistan, despite its sparse population, there is large linguistic diversity where Rushani, Shughni, Ishkashimi, Wakhi and Tajik are some of the languages spoken. Mountains cover more than 90% of the country. It has a transition economy that is highly dependent on remittances, aluminium and cotton production. Tajikistan is a member of the United Nations, CIS, OSCE, OIC, ECO, SCO and CSTO as well as an NATO PfP partner.
Tajikistan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:03:18 1 Etymology
00:04:46 2 History
00:04:55 2.1 Early history
00:08:51 2.2 Russian Tajikistan
00:10:30 2.3 Soviet Tajikistan
00:14:47 2.4 Independence
00:19:04 3 Politics
00:22:21 4 Geography
00:23:26 4.1 Administrative divisions
00:24:24 4.2 Lakes
00:25:04 5 Economy
00:32:19 6 Transportation
00:33:32 6.1 Rail
00:34:18 6.2 Air
00:35:25 6.3 Roads
00:36:30 7 Demographics
00:37:49 7.1 Languages
00:38:36 7.2 Education
00:38:59 7.3 Employment
00:39:20 7.4 Culture
00:41:01 7.5 Religion
00:44:46 8 Health
00:46:11 9 Education
00:48:11 10 Sport
00:50:34 11 Notable individuals
00:51:30 12 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9127939947952406
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-A
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Tajikistan ( (listen), ; Tajik: Тоҷикистон [tɔdʒikisˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhuriyi Tojikiston), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi) and an estimated population of 8.7 million people as of 2016. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. The traditional homelands of the Tajik people include present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.
The territory that now constitutes Tajikistan was previously home to several ancient cultures, including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures, including the Oxus civilisation, Andronovo culture, Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Islam. The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Achaemenid Empire, Sasanian Empire, Hephthalite Empire, Samanid Empire, Mongol Empire, Timurid dynasty, the Russian Empire, and subsequently the Soviet Union. Within the Soviet Union, the country's modern borders were drawn when it was part of Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic before becoming a full-fledged Soviet republic in 1929.On 9 September 1991, Tajikistan became an independent sovereign nation when the Soviet Union disintegrated. A civil war was fought almost immediately after independence, lasting from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, newly established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country's economy to grow. Like all other Central Asian neighbouring states, the country, led by President Emomali Rahmon since 1994, has been criticised by a number of non-governmental organizations for authoritarian leadership, lack of religious freedom, corruption and widespread violations of human rights.
Tajikistan is a presidential republic consisting of four provinces. Most of Tajikistan's 8.7 million people belong to the Tajik ethnic group, who speak Tajik (a dialect of Persian). Many Tajiks also speak Russian as their second language. While the state is constitutionally secular, Islam is practiced by 98% of the population. In the Gorno-Badakhshan Oblast of Tajikistan, despite its sparse population, there is large linguistic diversity where Rushani, Shughni, Ishkashimi, Wakhi and Tajik are some of the languages spoken. Mountains cover more than 90% of the country. It has a transition economy that is highly dependent on remittances, aluminium and cotton production. Tajikistan is a member of the United Nations, CIS, OSCE, OIC, ECO, SCO and CSTO as well as an NATO PfP partner.
Tajikistan
Tajikistan , officially the Republic of Tajikistan , is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. It borders Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. Chitral and Gilgit-Baltistan are separated from Tajikistan by the narrow Wakhan Corridor in the south.
This video targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Public domain image source in video
Tajikistan | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Tajikistan
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written
language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through
audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio
while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using
a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment.
This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice.
SUMMARY
=======
Tajikistan ( ( listen), ; Tajik: Тоҷикистон [tɔdʒikisˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhuriyi Tojikiston، جمهوری تاجیکستان ), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi) and an estimated population of 8.7 million people as of 2016. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. The traditional homelands of the Tajik people include present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.
The territory that now constitutes Tajikistan was previously home to several ancient cultures, including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures, including the Oxus civilisation, Andronovo culture, Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Islam. The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Achaemenid Empire, Sasanian Empire, Hephthalite Empire, Samanid Empire, Mongol Empire, Timurid dynasty, the Russian Empire, and subsequently the Soviet Union. Within the Soviet Union, the country's modern borders were drawn when it was part of Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic before becoming a full-fledged Soviet republic in 1929.On 9 September 1991, Tajikistan became an independent sovereign nation when the Soviet Union disintegrated. A civil war was fought almost immediately after independence, lasting from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, newly established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country's economy to grow. Like all other Central Asian neighbouring states, the country, led by President Emomali Rahmon since 1994, has been criticised by a number of non-governmental organizations for authoritarian leadership, lack of religious freedom, corruption and widespread violations of human rights.
Tajikistan is a presidential republic consisting of four provinces. Most of Tajikistan's 8.7 million people belong to the Tajik ethnic group, who speak Tajik (a dialect of Persian). Many Tajiks also speak Russian as their second language. While the state is constitutionally secular, Islam is practiced by 98% of the population. In the Gorno-Badakhshan Oblast of Tajikistan, despite its sparse population, there is large linguistic diversity where Rushani, Shughni, Ishkashimi, Wakhi and Tajik are some of the languages spoken. Mountains cover more than 90% of the country. It has a transition economy that is highly dependent on remittances, aluminium and cotton production. Tajikistan is a member of the United Nations, CIS, OSCE, OIC, ECO, SCO and CSTO as well as an NATO PfP partner.
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SUMMARY
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Tajikistan ( ( listen), ; Tajik: Тоҷикистон [tɔdʒikisˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhuriyi Tojikiston، جمهوری تاجیکستان ), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi) and an estimated population of 8.7 million people as of 2016. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. The traditional homelands of the Tajik people include present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.
The territory that now constitutes Tajikistan was previously home to several ancient cultures, including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures, including the Oxus civilisation, Andronovo culture, Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Islam. The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Achaemenid Empire, Sasanian Empire, Hephthalite Empire, Samanid Empire, Mongol Empire, Timurid dynasty, the Russian Empire, and subsequently the Soviet Union. Within the Soviet Union, the country's modern borders were drawn when it was part of Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic before becoming a full-fledged Soviet republic in 1929.On 9 September 1991, Tajikistan became an independent sovereign nation when the Soviet Union disintegrated. A civil war was fought almost immediately after independence, lasting from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, newly established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country's economy to grow. Like all other Central Asian neighbouring states, the country, led by President Emomali Rahmon since 1994, has been criticised by a number of non-governmental organizations for authoritarian leadership, lack of religious freedom, corruption and widespread violations of human rights.
Tajikistan is a presidential republic consisting of four provinces. Most of Tajikistan's 8.7 million people belong to the Tajik ethnic group, who speak Tajik (a dialect of Persian). Many Tajiks also speak Russian as their second language. While the state is constitutionally secular, Islam is practiced by 98% of the population. In the Gorno-Badakhshan Oblast of Tajikistan, despite its sparse population, there is large linguistic diversity where Rushani, Shughni, Ishkashimi, Wakhi and Tajik are some of the languages spoken. Mountains cover more than 90% of the country. It has a transition economy that is highly dependent on remittances, aluminium and cotton production. Tajikistan is a member of the United Nations, CIS, OSCE, OIC, ECO, SCO and CSTO as well as an NATO PfP partner.