Sør-Varanger in Norway
Here are some pictures from Jarfjord Mountain and Grense-Jakobselv in Sør-Varanger in northern Norway in the summer of 2011.
Grense Jakobselv (nordsamisk: Vuorjánjohka) is a hamlet in South-Varanger municipality in Finnmark. The hamlet is located in a small valley where the Jakobselven flows north into the Varangerfjorden. The river marks the border with Russia. Previously, it was a permanent settlement in the valley, but this was abandoned in the late 1970's and early 1980's. Armed Forces has its northernmost border station in Grense, staffed by personnel from the border company in Garrison in South Varanger.
To mark Norway's suvernitet over areas east of James River, King Oscar II built a chapel in Grense. The chapel was consecrated in 1869.
Kong Oscar IIs kapell Located in Grense in Sør-Varanger municipality in Finnmark. The chapel was erected as a border protection against Russia, after the Russians had not respected the Norwegian border after border recovery in 1826. There is a church of stone with 72 seats. It was consecrated on 26 September 1869 by Bishop Frederick Waldemar Hvoslef, and restored in 1992. The architect for the chapel was Jacob Wilhelm Nordan.
It had since the first Norwegian settlement in Grense in 1851 was a desire among the Norwegian population to have its own chapel. Furthermore, it was the boundary expansion in 1826 is still disagreement between Norwegian authorities and Russian fishermen on the border. After reporting more severe confrontations between Norwegian and Russian fishermen magistrates, suggested the governor of Finnmark to allow a navy Navy conduct fisheries surveillance during the months when the fishery was going on. Interior Department wanted an independent investigation of the circumstances, and sent Lieutenant Commander Heyerdahl north to familiarize themselves with the case. Heyerdahl shared, however, not the Governor's views on the solution would be the most appropriate, and he proposed instead to erect a chapel at Grense.
The parallel to the Russian Orthodox chapel in Boris Gleb is striking, as recently it had been of crucial importance at the boundary expansion in 1826. An Evangelical Lutheran chapel would be a udiskuterbar boundary marking the border between Sweden-Norway and Russia. Thus fell the national security and Grense-population interests. In 1865 it was decided that it would build a chapel in the boundary and also a parsonage. Summer of 1869 was the new chapel built of granite finishes, and in September the same year was consecrated by Bishop Frederick Waldemar Hvoslef.
The name of the chapel was only when King Oscar II visited the 4th July 1873. In memory of the visit gave him the chapel is a marble plate with the inscription: King Oscar II heard the word of God here July 4, 1873 and the Sami, Gonagas Oscar II Gulai Ibmel sane dobe pond 4 ad in July 1873. At the same time he expressed a desire to get the church named after him. It was, of course, and they made a name plate that still hangs over the door. Because the chapel because of its location right from the start was an important landmark for mariners, and that it would be even more visible from the sea, the whitewashed chapel in 1883 and again in 1884. This white lime was removed in 1969 in connection with the chapel's 100 year anniversary. All church silver was stolen during the liberation of Finnmark in 1944.
A Mayor In Norway's Arctic Looks To China To Reinvent His Frontier Town
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Enlarge this image Rune Rafaelsen walks toward the harbor of Kirkenes, Norway. Rafaelsen is the mayor of a municipality including this town of about 3,500 people in the far northeastern corner of Norway, close to the Russian border. Claire Harbage/NPR Looking out across a foggy harbor toward a peninsula jutting off the Norwegian coast, Rune Rafaelsen has a bold plan that could raise the profile of his remote Arctic town — with a little help, he hopes, from China. He is the mayor of Sor-Varanger, a municipality in the far northeast corner of Norway, close to the Russian border. His office is in the small town Kirkenes — population a little over 3,500 — which overlooks the icy gray Barents Sea. Rafaelsen loves the view: It's a very nice view, especially in the summer when you have the midnight sun is not going down in the horizon. You can see the sun all 24 hours. Enlarge this image Kirkenes is known for its views of the Northern Lights. Claire Harbage/NPR But he thinks there's more than that on the horizon. The Arctic is warming faster than anywhere on the planet. While the melting sea ice has alarmed scientists and residents, newly accessible waterways mean commercial ships are increasingly plowing along polar lanes. Enlarge this image The Northern Sea Route is approximate. Daniel Wood/NPR Now you can go from Asia to Europe through the Northern Sea Route. And the ice is decreasing. And so Kirkenes is the first western harbor you meet when you start from Shanghai and go along the Russian sub-Siberian coast, says Rafaelsen. To leverage this, Rafaelsen wants to turn his tiny town into a major logistical hub, including a massive port and train line to Finland. He is courting Chinese investors to help carry out the projects. That could place NATO ally Norway on the map of China's Polar Silk Road plan for ships voyaging across the Arctic — if Rafaelsen's port and rail dream ever comes true. Residents and officials have questioned the commercial and environmental viability of the mayor's big idea, as well as raising concerns about his overtures to China. Yet some Norwegian businesses say they're on board. 10 trains each day Enlarge this image Kirkenes Harbor is currently quiet, but the mayor hopes to build it into a logistical hub 250 miles north of the Arctic Circle. Claire Harbage/NPR Kirkenes' economy has traditionally relied on fishing and iron-ore mining, and it has become a tourist destination. Travelers can jump on the Hurtigruten, a popular coastal cruiser that meanders through fjords down to Norway's southern city of Bergen. Rafaelsen says a logistical hub would provide a huge boost for Kirkenes' economy. He envisions building a massive new container terminal and a 300-mile railway to the city of Rovaniemi in neighboring Finland, which would key to moving cargo int
Pasvik Nature Reserve | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:24 1 Geography
00:05:49 2 Hydrology
00:07:22 3 Climate
00:09:15 4 Flora
00:11:05 5 Fauna
00:14:12 6 History
00:17:25 7 Management
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
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Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
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Speaking Rate: 0.7383038386207232
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Pasvik Nature Reserve (Norwegian: Pasvik naturreservat; Russian: Пасвик, Pasvik zapovednik) is a bilateral nature reserve located in the valley of Pasvikdalen in Norway and Russia. The nature reserve was established in 1992 (Russia) and 1993 (Norway), and covers an area of 166.4 square kilometers (64.2 sq mi). The Norwegian part, in the municipality of Sør-Varanger, covers 19.1 square kilometers (7.4 sq mi), while the Russian part, in Pechengsky District, Murmansk Oblast, covers 147.3 square kilometers (56.9 sq mi). The nature reserve includes unexploited parts of Pasvikelva and has a rich birdlife.Along with Øvre Pasvik National Park and Øvre Pasvik Landscape Protection Area in Norway and Vätsäri Wilderness Area in Finland, Pasvik Nature Reserve constitutes part of Pasvik–Inari Trilateral Park.
Northern Norway
Northern Norway is the geographical region of Norway, consisting of the three northernmost counties Nordland, Troms and Finnmark, in total about 35% of the Norwegian mainland. Some of the largest towns in Northern Norway are Mo i Rana, Bodø, Narvik, Harstad, Tromsø and Alta. Northern Norway is often described as the land of the midnight sun and the land of the northern lights. Further north, halfway to the North Pole, is the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard, traditionally not regarded as part of Northern Norway.
The region is multi-cultural, housing not just Norwegians but also the indigenous Sami people, Norwegian Finns and Russian populations. The Norwegian language dominates in most of the area; Sami speakers are mainly found inland and in some of the fjord areas of Nordland, Troms and particularly Finnmark – though ethnic Sámi who do not speak the language are found more or less everywhere in the region. Finnish is spoken in only a few communities in the east of Finnmark.
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Tromsø
Tromsø (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈtrʊmsø] ( listen); Northern Sami: Romsa; Kven: Tromssa) is a city and municipality in Troms county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Tromsø.
Tromsø is the largest urban area in Northern Norway, and the second largest north of the Arctic Circle in Sápmi (following Murmansk). Most of Tromsø, including the city centre, is located on the island of Tromsøya in the county of Troms, 350 kilometres (217 mi) north of the Arctic Circle. Substantial parts of the urban area are also situated on the mainland to the east, and on parts of Kvaløya—a large island to the west. Tromsøya is connected to the mainland by the Tromsø Bridge and the Tromsøysund Tunnel, and to the island of Kvaløya by the Sandnessund Bridge. The city is warmer than most other places located on the same latitude, due to the warming effect of the Gulf Stream.
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Finnmark | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:01:18 1 Name
00:01:50 2 Coat of arms
00:02:17 3 Geography
00:06:25 4 Climate
00:10:14 4.1 Midnight sun
00:10:57 4.2 Northern lights
00:11:26 5 Economy
00:13:45 6 Administration
00:15:02 6.1 Municipalities
00:15:16 7 History
00:16:29 7.1 Sami
00:18:11 7.2 Norwegian
00:20:00 7.3 Kven
00:20:25 7.4 Brief summary
00:21:47 7.5 World War II
00:23:24 7.6 Cold War
00:24:27 8 Demographics
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.9053620811522574
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-F
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Finnmark (Norwegian: [ˈfɪnnmɑrk] (listen), Northern Sami: Finnmárku, Finnish (at Kven dialects): Ruija) is a county in the eastern part of Norway. By land, it borders Troms county to the west, Finland (Lapland region) to the south, and Russia (Murmansk Oblast) to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean) to the north and northeast.
The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, it has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) and Finnmárku (Northern Sami). It is part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region, and is the largest and least populated county of Norway.
Situated at the northernmost part of continental Europe, where the Norwegian coastline swings eastward, Finnmark is an area where East meets West, in culture as well as in nature and geography. Vardø, the easternmost municipality in Norway, is located farther east than the cities of St. Petersburg and Istanbul.
Finnmark | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Finnmark
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Finnmark [ˈfɪnmɑrk] (listen) or Finnmárkucode: sme promoted to code: se (Northern Sami) (Finnish: Finnmarkin lääni, Russian: Фи́ннмарк, Fínnmark) is a county (fylke) in the extreme northeastern part of Norway. By land, it borders Troms county to the west, Finland (Lapland region) to the south, and Russia (Murmansk Oblast) to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean) to the north and northeast.
The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, it has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) and Finnmárku (Northern Sami). It is part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region, and is the largest and least populated county of Norway.
Situated at the northernmost part of continental Europe, where the Norwegian coastline swings eastward, Finnmark is an area where East meets West, in culture as well as in nature and geography. Vardø, the easternmost municipality in Norway, is located farther east than the cities of St. Petersburg and Istanbul.
Finnmark | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Finnmark
00:01:08 1 Name
00:01:36 2 Coat of arms
00:02:01 3 Geography
00:05:38 4 Climate
00:08:59 4.1 Midnight sun
00:09:37 4.2 Northern lights
00:10:03 5 Economy
00:12:06 6 Administration
00:13:13 6.1 Municipalities
00:13:27 7 History
00:14:29 7.1 Sami
00:15:58 7.2 Norwegian
00:17:34 7.3 Kven
00:17:57 7.4 Brief summary
00:19:09 7.5 World War II
00:20:35 7.6 Cold War
00:21:31 8 Demographics
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Finnmark [ˈfɪnmɑrk] (listen) or Finnmárku (Northern Sami) (Finnish: Finnmarkin lääni, Russian: Фи́ннмарк, Fínnmark) is a county (fylke) in the extreme northeastern part of Norway. By land, it borders Troms county to the west, Finland (Lapland region) to the south, and Russia (Murmansk Oblast) to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean) to the north and northeast.
The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, it has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) and Finnmárku (Northern Sami). It is part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region, and is the largest and least populated county of Norway.
Situated at the northernmost part of continental Europe, where the Norwegian coastline swings eastward, Finnmark is an area where East meets West, in culture as well as in nature and geography. Vardø, the easternmost municipality in Norway, is located farther east than the cities of St. Petersburg and Istanbul.
Finnmark | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Finnmark
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Finnmark [ˈfɪnmɑrk] (listen) or Finnmárku (Northern Sami) (Finnish: Finnmarkin lääni, Russian: Фи́ннмарк, Fínnmark) is a county (fylke) in the extreme northeastern part of Norway. By land, it borders Troms county to the west, Finland (Lapland region) to the south, and Russia (Murmansk Oblast) to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean) to the north and northeast.
The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, it has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) and Finnmárku (Northern Sami). It is part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region, and is the largest and least populated county of Norway.
Situated at the northernmost part of continental Europe, where the Norwegian coastline swings eastward, Finnmark is an area where East meets West, in culture as well as in nature and geography. Vardø, the easternmost municipality in Norway, is located farther east than the cities of St. Petersburg and Istanbul.