Varna Archaeological Museum:: Eneolithic Necropolis – Varna
Началото на Варненския археологически музей
Основата на музейното дело във Варна е поставена през 1887 г. Тогава група учители от варненската Мъжка гимназия под ръководството на К. Шкорпил и Ан. Явашов създават дружинка за събиране на археологически материали от града и неговите околности.
След дълга подготвителна работа на 11 юни 1906 г. е осигурено помещение на тавана на Девическата гимназия и тържествено е открит Окръжен музей. В устава му е формулирано, че целта е населението да се запознае с историята на окръга от най–старо време чак до днешния ден. Намерен при случайни строителни работи в западната индустриална зона на Варна през 1972 г., Варненският некропол скоро се превърна в сензационно научно откритие, чието значение надхвърля значително границите на праисторията на съвременна България. В резултат на проучванията досега (разкопките не са завършили – все още не са разкопани около 30% от предполагаемата територия) са открити 294 гроба. В 57 от тях липсва човешки скелет или кости, само в три от които е съсредоточена по-голямата част от златните предмети, както и най-представителните от другите видове находки.
Отличителен белег за тези гробове са жезлите или скиптрите – символ на висша светска или духовна власт. Други три гроба са съдържали триизмерно изображение на човешко лице от глина, като на особено характерните места от лицето – челото, очите, устата, ушите – са апликирани златни предмети.
Varna Archaeological Museum - Gold Artefacts
Varna Museum in Bulgaria houses the world's oldest worked golden artefacts. This place makes Tutankhamen's tomb look like last week. Gold artefacts dating back to just after Noah's Flood when the Mediterraen Sea poured through the Bosphorus and filled up the Black Sea. Plus other fabulous gold treasures.
Varna Archaeological Museum
Varna and it is region in the Midle Ages
As result of the numerous intrusions of tribes and hordes southward of the Danube river during the long period between 4th and 7th c. the ethnic background of the population in lands west of the Black sea became more heterogeneous. Most important role in the process play the Slavs, who settle in the old Thracian lands permanently after 6th c. According the Byzantine historians Theophanes and Nicephorus, by the end of 7th c., after a victory over the Byzantine army in the Danube delta, proto-Bulgarians under the leadership of khan Asparuh reached to Varna, near Odessos, and the lands there.... This is the first mention of the new name -- Varna, which shall later be transferr4ed to the city, which rose on the place of ancient Odessos.
Varna Prehistoric Cemetery (Bulgaria 6,500 years ago)
Some 4,600 years before the Common Era, a mysterious civilization emerged on the shores of lakes near the Black Sea—not far from the modern-day city of Varna. For its time, this Varna culture was amazingly advanced, both culturally and technologically. The first evidence of its existence was found in lovely ceramics, bone and stone idols and copper tools. Then an astounding chance discovery came to light, making headlines around the world. Just a few kilometres from Varna was a Copper Age necropolis (cemetery) containing the oldest gold objects ever discovered. Between 4600 and 4200 BCE, long before Mesopotamia or the Egypt of the pyramids, goldsmithing first began on the shores of the Black Sea, in the land that is today Bulgaria. Study of the 300 or so graves in the Varna I necropolis showed that there was a highly structured society here in the Copper Age. The richest graves contained gold diadems and sceptres, heavy copper axes and spear points, elegant finery and richly decorated ceramics. A large amount of shell jewellery was evidence of trade with the South, for the molluscs in question were from the Mediterranean.
Varna civilization and the oldest gold jewelry in the world.
In the 1970s, archaeologists in Bulgaria stumbled upon a vast Copper Age necropolis from the 5th millennium BC containing the oldest golden artifacts ever discovered near the modern-day city of Varna. But it was not until they reached grave 43 that they realized the real significance of the finding. Inside burial 43 were the remains of a high status male and unfathomable riches – more gold was found within this burial than in the entire rest of the world in that period.
Most people have heard of the great civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt and the Indus Valley, which are all noted for being the earliest known civilizations to feature urbanization, organized administration, and cultural innovation. But few have heard of the mysterious civilization that emerged on the shores of lakes of the Black Sea some 7,000 years ago in Bulgaria.
The Varna culture, as it has come to be known, was not a small and inconsequential society that emerged in a little corner of Bulgaria and disappeared quickly into the pages of history. Rather, it was an amazingly advanced civilization, more ancient than the empires of Mesopotamia and Egypt, and the first known culture to craft golden artifacts. Varna is also now home to the largest known prehistoric necropolis in south-eastern Europe, which reflects a richness in cultural practices, complex funerary rites, an ancient belief system, and the capacity to produce exquisite and expertly-crafted goods. It has come to be known as the cradle of civilization in Europe.nThe Rise of the Varna Culture.
Evidence suggests that it was between 4600 and 4200 BC, when gold smithing first started in Varna. As advances were made, and craftsmen mastered metallurgy of copper and gold, the inhabitants now had something extremely valuable to trade. Increased contacts with neighbours both north and south eventually opened up trade relations within the Black Sea and Mediterranean region, which was of great importance for the development of the society. The deep bay, along which the settlements of Varna, provided a comfortable harbor for ships sailing across the Black Sea and Varna became a prosperous trading center.
Increased trading activity allowed the metallurgists to accumulate wealth and very quickly, a societal gap developed with metallurgists at the top, followed by merchants in the middle, and farmers making up the lower class. Incredible discoveries made at a nearby cemetery also suggest that Varna had powerful rulers or kings – but we will come back to that. And so, the foundations had been laid for the emergence of a powerful and flourishing culture, whose influence permeated the whole of Europe for thousands of years to come.
Discovering ancient Varna
The first evidence of Varna’s ancient civilization came in the form of tools, vessels, utensils, and figurines made from stone, flint, bone, and clay. Then an incredible chance discovery came to light, that made headlines around the world. In October, 1972, excavator operator Raycho Marinov stumbled upon a vast Copper Age necropolis containing the oldest gold artifacts ever discovered. It was to become one of the most important archaeological discoveries ever made in Bulgaria. Extensive excavations were launched under the direction of Mihail Lazarov (1972–1976) and Ivan Ivanov (1972–1991), revealing for the first time the magnificent civilization of Varna. More than 300 graves were uncovered in the necropolis, and between them over 22,000 exquisite artifacts were recovered, including 3,000+ items made from gold with a total weight of 6 kilograms. Other precious relics found within the graves included copper, high-quality flint, stone tools, jewellery, shells of Mediterranean mollusks, pottery, obsidian blades, and beads.
The History of Varna Museum
The Guide for The History of Varna Museum is very good. An enjoyable informative tour, next to the Small Roman Baths, then on to the much Larger Roman Baths (Rimski Termi) just up the road.
In Focus: Varna
Welcome to In Focus. In this series we take a closer look at particular sites, finds and objects from the world of Archaeology.
Varna Archaeological Museum - Ancient Artefacts
Some of Europe's oldest antiquities on display in a very interesting museum. Well worth a whole day's visit.
Archaeological museum in Varna
In the museum you can find really nice and good shop of souveneir too.
Ged Dodd's Golden Treasures of Varna Archaeological Musem (2)
The second part of a visit to see the treasures in Varna Archaeological Museum .. Europe's oldest worked Gold, marvellous Pottery, Religious Icons, Silver, wonderful things and more ..
Varna Naval Museum Bulgaria
A tour of the Outdoor Naval Museum in the Sea Gardens of Varna, Bulgaria. Ships, guns, helicopters, missiles warfare military and many historical items. Not to be missed.
Arhaeological Museum - Varna
The movie Arhaeological Museum - Varna is produced by Travel TV at the request of Municipality of Varna.
Bulgarian archaeologists unearth what they believe is the oldest gold ornament in Europe
- Bulgarian archaeologists unearth what they believe is the oldest gold ornament in Europe. PAZARDZHIK, BULGARIA (AUGUST 8, 2016) (REUTERS - ACCESS ALL)
1. EXTERIOR OF HISTORICAL MUSEUM IN PAZARDZHIK
2. SIGN READING (Bulgarian): MUSEUM OF HISTORY
3. VARIOUS OF HISTORICAL ARTEFACTS IN MUSEUM
4. MUSEUM WORKER SHOWING EXCAVATED GOLD BEAD TO REPORTER
5. CLOSE OF GOLDEN BEAD ON HAND
6. PHOTOGRAPHER TAKING PICTURES OF GOLD PIECE
7. MORE OF GOLDEN BEAD
YUNATSITE, BULGARIA (AUGUST 8, 2016) (REUTERS - ACCESS ALL)
8. ARCHAEOLOGISTS WORKING AT EXCAVATION SITE
9. VARIOUS OF ARCHAEOLOGISTS AT WORK
10. ASSOCIATED PROFESSOR AT THE BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, YAVOR BOYADZHIEV, TALKING TO REPORTER
11. (SOUNDBITE) (Bulgarian) ASSOCIATED PROFESSOR AT AT THE BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, YAVOR BOYADZHIEV, SAYING:
I have no doubt that it is older than the gold found in Varna's necropolis. I can guarantee that as I worked at Varna's necropolis site.
12. HOLES IN GROUND FROM WOODEN POLES OF ANCIENT HOUSE, WHERE GOLDEN BEAD WAS FOUND.
13. (SOUNDBITE) (Bulgarian) ASSOCIATED PROFESSOR AT THE BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, YAVOR BOYADZHIEV, SAYING:
What is unique about this bead is its age. Otherwise, it is not different from similar findings in its shape and structure.
14. WIDE OF EXCAVATION SITE, WHERE GOLD HAS BEEN FOUND
15. (SOUNDBITE) (Bulgarian) ASSOCIATED PROFESSOR AT AT THE BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, YAVOR BOYADZHIEV, SAYING:
We are talking about the year 5700 BC, or 5800 BC, which is about 1,500 years before the first urban civilization in southern Mesopotamia, Sumer and associated cultures.
16. PHOTOGRAPHER LOOKING AT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
17. (SOUNDBITE) (Bulgarian) ASSOCIATED PROFESSOR AT AT THE BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, YAVOR BOYADZHIEV, SAYING:
We are 90 percent sure that this gold is produced locally. These people belonged to a highly cultured society and they had sophisticated workshops for all kinds of goods and things.
18. DEEP EXCAVATION HOLE AT SITE
19. WIDE OF EXCAVATION SITE
STORY: It is a tiny, 15-centigramme gold bead that can easily be lost between one's fingers. But to Bulgarian archaeologists it is larger than life - they believe it is Europe's oldest processed gold ornament.
A team of archaeologists found it during excavation works at a pre-historic settlement near the village of Yunatsite in southern Bulgaria and dated it back to 4,500-4,600 years BC.
That makes the finding some 200 years older than the gold jewellery that were found at the Chalcolithic (Copper Age) Necropolis in the Bulgarian Black Sea city of Varna in 1972, the oldest golden artefacts ever discovered so far according to Bulgarian archaeologists.
I have no doubt that it is older than the gold found in Varna's necropolis, says Yavor Boyadzhiev, Associated Professor at at the Bulgarian Academy of Science, adding that a laboratory analysis is now pending to determine the purity of the precious artefact.
Even though it's a tiny piece, Boyadzhiev calls the gold ornament a very important discovery for history as it is supposed to have been processed at the very first urban settlement in Europe.
The bead, Boyadzhiev believes, belonged to an ancient society, which moved to the settlement, some 8 km from the modern town of Pazardzhik, from Anatolia in today's Turkey around 6,000 BC.
We are talking about the year 5700 BC, or 5800 BC, which is about 1,500 years before the first urban civilization in southern Mesopotamia, Sumer and associated cultures, Boyadzhiev said about the age of the settlement.
We are 90 percent sure that this gold is produced locally. These people belonged to a highly cultured society and they had sophisticated workshops for all kinds of goods and things, he added.
The team has so far unearthed remains of a prehistoric town with a total area between 100,000 and 120,000 square metres, which had a 2.8-metre high fortress wall. People, who had lived there worshipped birds, the archaeologists believe as they have found more than 150 ceramic figures depicting birds over the years.
Boyadzhiev said that, according to researchers who have worked in Mesopotamia, settlements whose area totals over 0.7-0.8 hectares are regarded as towns.
He said the bead - 4 mm in diameter, which was dug up in a small residential house two weeks ago, dates back from the period, in which metals like copper and gold started to be used for a first time.
These lands were invaded by hostile tribes, coming from the north-east, who destroyed the settlement around 4,100 years BC and caused its extinction.
Bulgaria, a Balkan state of 7.2 million, hosts numerous Neolithic, Chalcolithic and Bronze Age settlement mounds as well as significant remains of Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine urban centres.
The bead will be exposed in the historical museum in Pazardzhik, a museum worker said after showing Reuters the ornament before it was sent for analysis.
Ged Dodd's Golden Treasures in Varna Archaeological Musem (1)
The first part of a visit to see the treasures in Varna Archaeological Museum .. Europe's oldest worked Gold, Gigantitic Flints, marvellous Pottery, wonderful things and more .. part two will follow next
Varna Archaeological Museum
What to See & Do in Varna, Bulgaria
What to See & Do in Varna, Bulgaria
►Read the blog:
In this episode, David’s Been Here explores what to see and do in Varna, one of the most beautiful towns along Bulgaria’s Black Sea coast.
David begins at the Archaeological Museum of Varna, which holds an exquisite collection of artifacts spanning thousands of years. Among all the priceless objects held here is the oldest uncovered golden treasure in the world. David shows us the skeleton of the Thracian man that was found alongside his golden treasure, dating back to 5,000 B.C. The man and gold were found in an ancient necropolis in the western industrial zone of Varna. Archaeologists believe the man was around 45-50 years old when he died.
Continuing with the history tour of the city, David makes a stop to see Varna’s Roman Bath complex. These are the fourth largest Roman Baths in Europe! The bath complex still has remnants of the different rooms where cold, warm, and hot water pools were situated. Another part of the complex that is visible are the shops, which are located just outside the bath complex.
Next stop is the Varna Cathedral, the oldest cathedral in Bulgaria, dating back to 1886 (pre-dates the Sofia Cathedral). It is the biggest Cathedral on the Black Sea coast. Inside, David shows us some of the hand painted icons and scenes from Jesus’ life. Inside, the priest of the church gives us some more information about the history of the Cathedral.
After sightseeing, David works up an appetite. He heads to the pedestrian zone in the city center to get a snack of roasted corn sprinkled with cheese. For just 3 leva you can also enjoy this delicious snack.
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Production by Carlos de Varona from Chromahouse.
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My name is David Hoffmann and for the last decade I have been traveling around the world in search of unique culture, food and history! Since starting Davidsbeenhere in 2008, I have traveled to 71 countries and over 1,000 destinations, which I welcome you to check out on my YouTube Channel, blog and social medias.
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What to See & Do in Varna, Bulgaria
Davidsbeenhere
Varna Necropolis The oldest golden treasure in the world location on Google Earth Map
info from:
The Varna Necropolis (Bulgarian: Варненски некропол) (also Varna Cemetery) is a burial site in the western industrial zone of Varna (approximately half a kilometre from Lake Varna and 4 km from the city centre), Bulgaria, internationally considered one of the key archaeological sites in world prehistory. The oldest golden treasure in the world, dating from 4,600 BC to 4,200 BC, was discovered at the site
Top 15 Things To Do In Varna, Bulgaria
Cheapest Hotels To Stay In Varna-
Best Tours To Enjoy Varna -
Cheap Airline Tickets -
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Here are top 15 things to do in Varna, Bulgaria
All photos belong to their rightful owners. Credit next to name.
1. Stone Forest -
2. University Botanical Garden -
3. Battle of Varna Park Museum -
4. Retro Museum -
5. The Sea Garden -
6. Varna Roman Baths -
7. Varna Cathedral -
8. Barite Complex -
9. The Wonderful Rocks -
10. Archaeological Museum -
11. Amusement Park Varna -
12. Aladzha Monastery -
13. Golden Sands -
14. Museum of the History of Medicine -
15. Euxinograd -
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The First Civilization in Europe and the Oldest Gold in the World - Varna, Bulgaria
Varna civilization and the oldest gold jewelry in the world (Bulgaria 5th millennium BC)
In the 1970s, archaeologists in Bulgaria stumbled upon a vast Copper Age necropolis from the 5th millennium BC containing the oldest golden artifacts ever discovered near the modern-day city of Varna. But it was not until they reached grave 43 that they realized the real significance of the finding. Inside burial 43 were the remains of a high status male and unfathomable riches – more gold was found within this burial than in the entire rest of the world in that period.nMost people have heard of the great civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt and the Indus Valley, which are all noted for being the earliest known civilizations to feature urbanization, organized administration, and cultural innovation. But few have heard of the mysterious civilization that emerged on the shores of lakes of the Black Sea some 7,000 years ago in Bulgaria. The Varna culture, as it has come to be known, was not a small and inconsequential society that emerged in a little corner of Bulgaria and disappeared quickly into the pages of history. Rather, it was an amazingly advanced civilization, more ancient than the empires of Mesopotamia and Egypt, and the first known culture to craft golden artifacts. Varna is also now home to the largest known prehistoric necropolis in south-eastern Europe, which reflects a richness in cultural practices, complex funerary rites, an ancient belief system, and the capacity to produce exquisite and expertly-crafted goods. It has come to be known as the cradle of civilization in Europe. The Rise of the Varna Culture. Evidence suggests that it was between 4600 and 4200 BC, when gold smithing first started in Varna. As advances were made, and craftsmen mastered metallurgy of copper and gold, the inhabitants now had something extremely valuable to trade. Increased contacts with neighbours both north and south eventually opened up trade relations within the Black Sea and Mediterranean region, which was of great importance for the development of the society. The deep bay, along which the settlements of Varna, provided a comfortable harbor for ships sailing across the Black Sea and Varna became a prosperous trading center. Increased trading activity allowed the metallurgists to accumulate wealth and very quickly, a societal gap developed with metallurgists at the top, followed by merchants in the middle, and farmers making up the lower class. Incredible discoveries made at a nearby cemetery also suggest that Varna had powerful rulers or kings – but we will come back to that.nAnd so, the foundations had been laid for the emergence of a powerful and flourishing culture, whose influence permeated the whole of Europe for thousands of years to come.
Discovering ancient Varna
The first evidence of Varna’s ancient civilization came in the form of tools, vessels, utensils, and figurines made from stone, flint, bone, and clay. Then an incredible chance discovery came to light, that made headlines around the world. In October, 1972, excavator operator Raycho Marinov stumbled upon a vast Copper Age necropolis containing the oldest gold artifacts ever discovered. It was to become one of the most important archaeological discoveries ever made in Bulgaria. Extensive excavations were launched under the direction of Mihail Lazarov (1972–1976) and Ivan Ivanov (1972–1991), revealing for the first time the magnificent civilization of Varna. More than 300 graves were uncovered in the necropolis, and between them over 22,000 exquisite artifacts were recovered, including 3,000+ items made from gold with a total weight of 6 kilograms. Other precious relics found within the graves included copper, high-quality flint, stone tools, jewellery, shells of Mediterranean mollusks, pottery, obsidian blades, and beads.
Revival History Museum - Varna
The first Bulgarian Municipality in Varna was created on 11 May 1860 by the brothers Nicola and Sava Georgievich, Stamat Siderov, Christo Popovich and others. The text on its seal - Seal of the Bulgarian School Administration- Audacity-Agreement-Success-1860 clearly reveals the aims and tasks of the Municipality. The first school was opened on 25 July 1862 and given the name Bulgarian Central School. The eminent Bulgarian national revivalist and pedagogue Sava Dobroplodny was appointed a headmaster. His successors were Petko Slaveykov, Georgy Jivkov and many others.
On 14 May 1865 on the ground floor of the school the priest Konstantin Dunovsky inaugurated the first Bulgarian church in the town. The next year, 1866, a new independent school for girls was opened in Varna, and a bit later it was moved into one of the halls of the Central School building.
The opening of the school and the church clearly show the consolidated national consciousness. The aspiration for higher cultural achievements gave life to the first Bulgarian community library centre in Varna as well. In 1870 the Community Library Centre Vuzrozhdenie(Revival) was founded thanks to the initiative of Yanko Slavchev, Konstantin Tyulev and Dimitur Stanchev. It was housed on the upper floor of the building, together with the pupils' society Prosveshtenie(Education). The Russian Liberating Army entered the town on 27 July 1878 and was met with bread and salt in front of the Bulgarian school. The memories of the past are now being retold by the old school building. So are the bright and noble impulses and deeds from the Bulgarian National Revival period.
© Archaeological Museum in Varna / Археологический музей в Варне 1
КАНАЛ ПОСВЯЩЕН ПРИРОДЕ ЧЁРНОГО МОРЯ, АКВАСФЕРЕ ЗЕМЛИ И ПУТЕШЕСТВИЯМ.