Springfield, Massachusetts | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Springfield, Massachusetts
00:01:57 1 History
00:05:10 2 Geography
00:08:05 2.1 Climate
00:10:35 2.2 Neighborhoods
00:15:11 3 Demographics
00:18:10 3.1 Income
00:18:25 4 Economy
00:21:00 4.1 Business headquarters
00:22:17 4.2 Companies headquartered in Springfield
00:23:48 4.3 Companies formerly in Springfield
00:25:33 5 Arts and culture
00:25:42 5.1 Amusement parks and fairs
00:27:06 5.2 Festivals
00:33:05 5.3 Museums
00:34:35 5.4 Music
00:37:02 5.5 Nightlife
00:38:12 5.6 Points of interest
00:47:41 6 Sports
00:51:43 7 Architecture
00:55:57 8 Parks
01:02:42 9 Government
01:02:50 9.1 City of Springfield
01:03:56 9.1.1 Finances
01:05:35 9.2 Judicial system
01:06:10 9.3 Politics
01:08:08 9.4 Switch to ward representation
01:09:25 9.5 Crime
01:11:15 10 Education
01:11:24 10.1 Grade schools
01:11:33 10.1.1 Public schools (K–12)
01:13:03 10.1.2 Private schools
01:14:35 10.2 Higher education
01:14:44 10.2.1 Universities and colleges
01:17:19 10.2.2 Community colleges
01:18:01 10.3 Library
01:18:53 11 Media
01:19:02 11.1 Newspapers
01:19:34 11.2 Television
01:23:46 11.2.1 Cable operators
01:24:10 11.3 Radio
01:24:39 12 Transportation
01:25:36 12.1 Rail
01:27:24 12.2 Bus
01:28:19 12.3 Air
01:29:15 13 Water and sewer system
01:30:40 14 Sister cities
01:30:52 15 Notable people
01:31:04 16 See also
01:31:25 17 Notes and references
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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Springfield is a city in the state of Massachusetts, United States, and the seat of Hampden County. Springfield sits on the eastern bank of the Connecticut River near its confluence with three rivers: the western Westfield River, the eastern Chicopee River, and the eastern Mill River. As of the 2010 Census, the city's population was 153,060. Metropolitan Springfield, as one of two metropolitan areas in Massachusetts (the other being Greater Boston), had a population of 692,942 as of 2010.The first Springfield in the New World, it is the largest city in western New England, and the urban, economic, and cultural capital of Massachusetts' Connecticut River Valley (colloquially known as the Pioneer Valley). It is the third-largest city in Massachusetts and fourth-largest in New England after Boston, Worcester, and Providence. Springfield has several nicknames – The City of Firsts, due to the many innovations developed there, such as the first American dictionary, the first American gas-powered automobile, and the first machining lathe for interchangeable parts; The City of Homes, due to its Victorian residential architecture; and Hoop City, as basketball – one of the world's most popular sports – was invented in Springfield in 1891 by James Naismith.
Hartford, the capital of Connecticut, lies 24 miles (39 km) south of Springfield, on the western bank of the Connecticut River. The Hartford-Springfield region is known as the Knowledge Corridor because it hosts over 160,000 university students and over 32 universities and liberal arts colleges – the second-highest concentration of higher-learning institutions in the United States. The city of Springfield itself is home to Springfield College, Western New England University, American International College, and Springfield Technical Community College, among other higher educational institutions.
HE'S GOT THE WHOLE WORLD IN HIS HANDS, HE'S GOT THE WIND AND THE RAIN, TINY LITTLE BABY IN HIS HANDS
Conspiracy theorists are insane in the spam! We were spammed this video, so we sped it up for your enjoyment and laughter at the conspiracy theorist crazies falsely accusing whole industries of somehow being a part of some hand-sign-symbolism agenda to influence and subvert all people. What a joke! They're just not that organized and why would they do such a thing? Conspiracy Theorists are INSANE. Such BS. It's all fake and a joke. POSTING THIS VIDEO TO SHOW HOW RIDICULOUS THEY ARE! THE HAND SIGN MEANS PEACE. GET OVER YOURSELF FOOLS. THEY LIKE MAKEUP. THEY LIKE TATTOOS WHAT'S WRONG WITH THAT. IT'S JUST ART, STOP SAYING IT'S THE DEVIL OR SATAN. PAUL ELAM IS SATAN Are you Satan? You need The Rational Male by Rollo Tomassi
Link to his book:
Paul Elam, SATAN, comes clean with the truth, and this sends Elizabeth Vargas to rehab.
You're a Rational Male, therefore, you are Satan, not Santa. ... THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS YOUR NONSENSE. 1. He´s got the whole world in His hands, |: He´s got the whole world in His hands, :| He´s got the whole world in His hands. 2. He´s got the wind and the rain in His hands, |: He´s got the wind and the rain in His hands, :| He´s got the whole world in His hands. 3. He´s got the the tiny little baby in His hands, |: He´s got the the tiny little baby in His hands, :| He´s got the whole world in His hands. 4. He´s got you and me, brother, in His hands, |: He´s got you and me, brother, in His hands, :| He´s got the whole world in His hands. 5. He's got ev'rybody here in His hands. |: He's got ev'rybody here in His hands. :| He's got the whole world in His hands. 1. He´s got the whole world in His hands, |: He´s got the whole world in His hands, :| He´s got the whole world in His hands. He's got the earth and sky in his hands; He's got the night and day in his hands; He's got the sun and moon in his hands; He´s got the whole world in His hands. 2. He´s got the whole world in His hands, |: He´s got the whole world in His hands, :| He´s got the whole world in His hands. He's got the land and sea in his hands; He's got the wind and rain in his hands; He's got the spring and fall in his hands; He´s got the whole world in His hands. 3. He´s got the whole world in His hands, |: He´s got the whole world in His hands, :| He´s got the whole world in His hands. He's got the young and old in his hands; He's got the rich and poor in his hands; Yes, he's got ev'ry one in his hands; He´s got the whole world in His hands. He´s got the whole world in His hands, |: He´s got the whole world in His hands, :| He´s got the whole world in His hands. Does this mean peace? Hand signs are just innocent get over it. These people don't worship satan. C'mon it's not like that don't be a fool. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - -just will there juniorsmomma we so hey am woman man his an lol how out up would one when by has more them marriage get time hagmann hi itsme know good h sex think than o had don robomom here even then should turtlesays Sleepingsome daughters any down being muffin these old into well us really rickynlucy botta having traditional such actually far ve christian roseybud female money own getting reply ll college it's withdrawing point needs society keep free ever red dr wrong makes told both anonymous probably end push expect twenties different kids career means nice school few When you're young, you look at television and think, there's a conspiracy. The networks have conspired to dumb us down. But when you get a little older, you realize that's not true. The networks are in business to give people exactly what they want. Steve Jobs Where justice is denied, where poverty is enforced, where ignorance prevails, and where any one class is made to feel that society is an organized conspiracy to oppress, rob and degrade them, neither persons nor property will be safe. Frederick Douglass Society, Ignorance, Justice When you're young, you look at television and think, there's a conspiracy. The networks have conspired to dumb us down. But when you get a little older, you realize that's not true. The networks are in business to give people exactly what they want. Steve Jobs Business, True, Give People love conspiracy theories. Neil Armstrong Love, Theories The only time I commit to conspiracy theories is when something way retarded happens. Like Lee Harvey Oswald acting alone. Joe Rogan Time, Alone, Acting Secrecy, being an instrument of conspiracy, ought never to be the system of a regular government. Jeremy Bentham Government, System, Instrument Money doesn't mind if we say it's evil, it goes from strength to strength. It's a fiction, an addiction, and a tacit conspiracy. Martin Amis Money, Strength, Mind
Auburn Coach Wife Kristi Malzahn Agrees with Match & eHarmony: Men are Jerks
My advice is this: Settle! That's right. Don't worry about passion or intense connection. Don't nix a guy based on his annoying habit of yelling Bravo! in movie theaters. Overlook his halitosis or abysmal sense of aesthetics. Because if you want to have the infrastructure in place to have a family, settling is the way to go. Based on my observations, in fact, settling will probably make you happier in the long run, since many of those who marry with great expectations become more disillusioned with each passing year. (It's hard to maintain that level of zing when the conversation morphs into discussions about who's changing the diapers or balancing the checkbook.)
Obviously, I wasn't always an advocate of settling. In fact, it took not settling to make me realize that settling is the better option, and even though settling is a rampant phenomenon, talking about it in a positive light makes people profoundly uncomfortable. Whenever I make the case for settling, people look at me with creased brows of disapproval or frowns of disappointment, the way a child might look at an older sibling who just informed her that Jerry's Kids aren't going to walk, even if you send them money. It's not only politically incorrect to get behind settling, it's downright un-American. Our culture tells us to keep our eyes on the prize (while our mothers, who know better, tell us not to be so picky), and the theme of holding out for true love (whatever that is—look at the divorce rate) permeates our collective mentality.
Even situation comedies, starting in the 1970s with The Mary Tyler Moore Show and going all the way to Friends, feature endearing single women in the dating trenches, and there's supposed to be something romantic and even heroic about their search for true love. Of course, the crucial difference is that, whereas the earlier series begins after Mary has been jilted by her fiancé, the more modern-day Friends opens as Rachel Green leaves her nice-guy orthodontist fiancé at the altar simply because she isn't feeling it. But either way, in episode after episode, as both women continue to be unlucky in love, settling starts to look pretty darn appealing. Mary is supposed to be contentedly independent and fulfilled by her newsroom family, but in fact her life seems lonely. Are we to assume that at the end of the series, Mary, by then in her late 30s, found her soul mate after the lights in the newsroom went out and her work family was disbanded? If her experience was anything like mine or that of my single friends, it's unlikely.
And while Rachel and her supposed soul mate, Ross, finally get together (for the umpteenth time) in the finale of Friends, do we feel confident that she'll be happier with Ross than she would have been had she settled down with Barry, the orthodontist, 10 years earlier? She and Ross have passion but have never had long-term stability, and the fireworks she experiences with him but not with Barry might actually turn out to be a liability, given how many times their relationship has already gone up in flames. It's equally questionable whether Sex and the City's Carrie Bradshaw, who cheated on her kindhearted and generous boyfriend, Aidan, only to end up with the more exciting but self-absorbed Mr. Big, will be better off in the framework of marriage and family. (Some time after the breakup, when Carrie ran into Aidan on the street, he was carrying his infant in a Baby Björn. Can anyone imagine Mr. Big walking around with a Björn?)