Bentonville Battlefield in Four Oaks, NC
For more information about Bentonville Battlefield, visit Bentonville Battlefield was the site of the largest Civil War battle fought in North Carolina, as General Joseph Johnston tried to stop General Sherman's troops as they marched through the Carolinas. Video footage is from the Bentonville Battlefield Historic Site which has a museum, the Harper House, a Confederate cemetery and Union Earthworks. Bentonville is located near Four Oaks, NC, I-95, Exit 90.
Bentonville Battlefield BattleField North Carolina Civil War
Bentonville Battleground, also known as Bentonville Battleground State Historic Site, was the location in North Carolina of the Battle of Bentonville in the waning days of the American Civil War.
The battleground area may include the Harper House, itself listed on the National Register.
It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1996.
Visitors to the Bentonville Battlefield may also tour the restored Harper House, which has been furnished as a Civil War field hospital, and includes a reconstructed kitchen and slave quarters. Exhibits at the park's visitor center focus on the battle, and include interactive maps, artifacts and displays about soldiers and commanders from both armies. There is also a 10-minute audiovisual program about the battle. Outdoor exhibits in the park include the Federal XX Corps reserve trenches, the Harper family cemetery, a Confederate mass grave, several monuments and a field fortification exhibit
The Battle of Bentonville was fought March 19--21, 1865, in Bentonville, North Carolina, near the current town of Four Oaks, as part of the Carolinas Campaign of the American Civil War. It was the last major battle to occur between the armies of Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston.
On the first day of the battle, the Confederate army attacked one Union wing and was able to rout two divisions, but was unable to drive the rest of the wing off the field. The next day, the other Federal wing arrived and for the next two days, the armies skirmished with each other before Johnston retreated. In light of overwhelming enemy strength and the relatively heavy casualties his army suffered in the battle, Johnston surrendered to Sherman little more than a month later at Bennett Place, near Durham Station. Coupled with Gen. Robert E. Lee's surrender earlier in April, Johnston's surrender represented the effective end of the war
Following his March to the Sea, Major General William T. Sherman, commanding the Military Division of the Mississippi, turned his army northward through the Carolinas. The Union general in chief, Lieutenant General U. S. Grant, had planned to bring Sherman's troops north to Virginia in order to help with the defeat of the Army of Northern Virginia but Sherman successfully argued that it would take too long to transport his troops and that he could cut Confederate supply lines to Petersburg and damage Confederate morale by marching through North and South Carolina. During the late winter and early spring of 1865, Sherman's Union army cut a swath of destruction through South Carolina. On March 8, Union soldiers crossed into North Carolina as a collection of Confederate units attempted to concentrate and block their path. Sherman divided his command into two parts, a Left Wing (the Army of Georgia) commanded by Maj. Gen. Henry W. Slocum and a Right Wing (the Army of the Tennessee) commanded by Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard. The two wings marched separately toward Goldsboro beginning on March 13, with no one in the Union command expecting major resistance from Johnston.
On February 23, Confederate general-in-chief Robert E. Lee ordered Johnston to take command of the Army of Tennessee and other Confederate units in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida, and to concentrate all available forces and drive back Sherman. Johnston managed to concentrate in North Carolina the Army of Tennessee commanded by Lt. Gen. Alexander P. Stewart, Maj. Gen. Robert Hoke's division from the Army of Northern Virginia, troops from the Department of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida commanded by Lt. Gen. William J. Hardee, and cavalry under the command of Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton, calling the united force the Army of the South. Confederate maps erroneously showed that the two Union wings were twelve miles (19 km) apart, which meant each would take a day to reach the other. Johnston planned to concentrate his entire army on Slocum's wing to defeat it and to destroy its trains before it reunited with the rest of the Union column. The Confederate attack commenced on March 19, as Slocum's men marched on the Goldsboro Road, one mile (1.6 km) south of Bentonville.
Slocum was convinced he faced only enemy cavalry and artillery, not an entire army. In addition, Sherman did not believe that Johnston would fight with the Neuse River to his rear. Therefore, Slocum initially notified Sherman that he was facing only cursory resistance near Bentonville and did not require aid. Believing he faced only .... It looked like a picture and at our distance was truly beautiful ... But it was a painful sight to see how close their battle flags were together, regiments being scarcely larger than companies and a division not much larger than a regiment should be.
Bentonville Battlefield Civil War Tour Part 2
Bentonville Battleground, also known as Bentonville Battleground State Historic Site, was the location in North Carolina of the Battle of Bentonville in the waning days of the American Civil War.
The battleground area may include the Harper House, itself listed on the National Register.
It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1996.
Visitors to the Bentonville Battlefield may also tour the restored Harper House, which has been furnished as a Civil War field hospital, and includes a reconstructed kitchen and slave quarters. Exhibits at the park's visitor center focus on the battle, and include interactive maps, artifacts and displays about soldiers and commanders from both armies. There is also a 10-minute audiovisual program about the battle. Outdoor exhibits in the park include the Federal XX Corps reserve trenches, the Harper family cemetery, a Confederate mass grave, several monuments and a field fortification exhibit
The Battle of Bentonville was fought March 19--21, 1865, in Bentonville, North Carolina, near the current town of Four Oaks, as part of the Carolinas Campaign of the American Civil War. It was the last major battle to occur between the armies of Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston.
On the first day of the battle, the Confederate army attacked one Union wing and was able to rout two divisions, but was unable to drive the rest of the wing off the field. The next day, the other Federal wing arrived and for the next two days, the armies skirmished with each other before Johnston retreated. In light of overwhelming enemy strength and the relatively heavy casualties his army suffered in the battle, Johnston surrendered to Sherman little more than a month later at Bennett Place, near Durham Station. Coupled with Gen. Robert E. Lee's surrender earlier in April, Johnston's surrender represented the effective end of the war
Following his March to the Sea, Major General William T. Sherman, commanding the Military Division of the Mississippi, turned his army northward through the Carolinas. The Union general in chief, Lieutenant General U. S. Grant, had planned to bring Sherman's troops north to Virginia in order to help with the defeat of the Army of Northern Virginia but Sherman successfully argued that it would take too long to transport his troops and that he could cut Confederate supply lines to Petersburg and damage Confederate morale by marching through North and South Carolina. During the late winter and early spring of 1865, Sherman's Union army cut a swath of destruction through South Carolina. On March 8, Union soldiers crossed into North Carolina as a collection of Confederate units attempted to concentrate and block their path. Sherman divided his command into two parts, a Left Wing (the Army of Georgia) commanded by Maj. Gen. Henry W. Slocum and a Right Wing (the Army of the Tennessee) commanded by Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard. The two wings marched separately toward Goldsboro beginning on March 13, with no one in the Union command expecting major resistance from Johnston.
On February 23, Confederate general-in-chief Robert E. Lee ordered Johnston to take command of the Army of Tennessee and other Confederate units in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida, and to concentrate all available forces and drive back Sherman. Johnston managed to concentrate in North Carolina the Army of Tennessee commanded by Lt. Gen. Alexander P. Stewart, Maj. Gen. Robert Hoke's division from the Army of Northern Virginia, troops from the Department of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida commanded by Lt. Gen. William J. Hardee, and cavalry under the command of Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton, calling the united force the Army of the South. Confederate maps erroneously showed that the two Union wings were twelve miles (19 km) apart, which meant each would take a day to reach the other. Johnston planned to concentrate his entire army on Slocum's wing to defeat it and to destroy its trains before it reunited with the rest of the Union column. The Confederate attack commenced on March 19, as Slocum's men marched on the Goldsboro Road, one mile (1.6 km) south of Bentonville.
Slocum was convinced he faced only enemy cavalry and artillery, not an entire army. In addition, Sherman did not believe that Johnston would fight with the Neuse River to his rear. Therefore, Slocum initially notified Sherman that he was facing only cursory resistance near Bentonville and did not require aid. Believing he faced only .... It looked like a picture and at our distance was truly beautiful ... But it was a painful sight to see how close their battle flags were together, regiments being scarcely larger than companies and a division not much larger than a regiment should be.
Bentonville Battlefield Civil War Tour Part 3
Bentonville Battleground, also known as Bentonville Battleground State Historic Site, was the location in North Carolina of the Battle of Bentonville in the waning days of the American Civil War.
The battleground area may include the Harper House, itself listed on the National Register.
It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1996.
Visitors to the Bentonville Battlefield may also tour the restored Harper House, which has been furnished as a Civil War field hospital, and includes a reconstructed kitchen and slave quarters. Exhibits at the park's visitor center focus on the battle, and include interactive maps, artifacts and displays about soldiers and commanders from both armies. There is also a 10-minute audiovisual program about the battle. Outdoor exhibits in the park include the Federal XX Corps reserve trenches, the Harper family cemetery, a Confederate mass grave, several monuments and a field fortification exhibit
The Battle of Bentonville was fought March 19--21, 1865, in Bentonville, North Carolina, near the current town of Four Oaks, as part of the Carolinas Campaign of the American Civil War. It was the last major battle to occur between the armies of Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston.
On the first day of the battle, the Confederate army attacked one Union wing and was able to rout two divisions, but was unable to drive the rest of the wing off the field. The next day, the other Federal wing arrived and for the next two days, the armies skirmished with each other before Johnston retreated. In light of overwhelming enemy strength and the relatively heavy casualties his army suffered in the battle, Johnston surrendered to Sherman little more than a month later at Bennett Place, near Durham Station. Coupled with Gen. Robert E. Lee's surrender earlier in April, Johnston's surrender represented the effective end of the war
Following his March to the Sea, Major General William T. Sherman, commanding the Military Division of the Mississippi, turned his army northward through the Carolinas. The Union general in chief, Lieutenant General U. S. Grant, had planned to bring Sherman's troops north to Virginia in order to help with the defeat of the Army of Northern Virginia but Sherman successfully argued that it would take too long to transport his troops and that he could cut Confederate supply lines to Petersburg and damage Confederate morale by marching through North and South Carolina. During the late winter and early spring of 1865, Sherman's Union army cut a swath of destruction through South Carolina. On March 8, Union soldiers crossed into North Carolina as a collection of Confederate units attempted to concentrate and block their path. Sherman divided his command into two parts, a Left Wing (the Army of Georgia) commanded by Maj. Gen. Henry W. Slocum and a Right Wing (the Army of the Tennessee) commanded by Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard. The two wings marched separately toward Goldsboro beginning on March 13, with no one in the Union command expecting major resistance from Johnston.
On February 23, Confederate general-in-chief Robert E. Lee ordered Johnston to take command of the Army of Tennessee and other Confederate units in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida, and to concentrate all available forces and drive back Sherman. Johnston managed to concentrate in North Carolina the Army of Tennessee commanded by Lt. Gen. Alexander P. Stewart, Maj. Gen. Robert Hoke's division from the Army of Northern Virginia, troops from the Department of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida commanded by Lt. Gen. William J. Hardee, and cavalry under the command of Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton, calling the united force the Army of the South. Confederate maps erroneously showed that the two Union wings were twelve miles (19 km) apart, which meant each would take a day to reach the other. Johnston planned to concentrate his entire army on Slocum's wing to defeat it and to destroy its trains before it reunited with the rest of the Union column. The Confederate attack commenced on March 19, as Slocum's men marched on the Goldsboro Road, one mile (1.6 km) south of Bentonville.
Slocum was convinced he faced only enemy cavalry and artillery, not an entire army. In addition, Sherman did not believe that Johnston would fight with the Neuse River to his rear. Therefore, Slocum initially notified Sherman that he was facing only cursory resistance near Bentonville and did not require aid. Believing he faced only .... It looked like a picture and at our distance was truly beautiful ... But it was a painful sight to see how close their battle flags were together, regiments being scarcely larger than companies and a division not much larger than a regiment should be.
Bentonville Battlefield - Cool Jobs
Donny Taylor and Andrew Duppstadt brings history to life for visitors and re-enactors at the Bentonville Battlefield. Donny manages the operation of the site while Andrew develops new programs and educational materials. They get to relate the history of the Civil War to the public and show them what the war meant to North Carolina and the United States.
The North Carolina Historical Commission Confederate Monuments Study Committee
The North Carolina Historical Commission Confederate Monuments Study Committee will hold a public meeting from 1:30 – 3:30 p.m., Wednesday, March 21, to accept public comment on a petition to relocate three Confederate monuments from the State Capitol grounds in Raleigh to the Bentonville Battlefield State Historic Site in Four Oaks, N.C.
Civil War Averasboro Battle Field Trip
Ms. Thomas' American History Civil War Road Trip
Visiting North vs South Civil War Battlefield of Chancellorsville, VA
Visiting Civil War Battlefield of Chancellorsville , Virginia
Father-Son Trip Virginia Trip 2016 - Day #2
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Matt and I are on another father-son trip. This time we are visiting Virginia to explore Civil War battlefields, do some antiquing, and just have fun. Matt is an awesome travel partner. He always has an interesting and historic point of view. The north vs south Civil War is a particular area of interest for Matt. He has spent a considerable amount of time reading about the CSA and the Union activities. Virginia is steeped in history and particularly rich in places to visit and explore.
Today we are exploring the area around Chancellorsville, Virginia. This is a historic community in Spotsylvania County, Virginia, approximately ten miles west of Fredericksburg. The name of the locale comes from the mid-19th century roadside inn operated by the family of George Chancellor located at the intersection of the Orange Turnpike and Orange Plank Road.
Civil War Battle of Chancellorsville occurred in the area during May 1863, and the Battle of the Wilderness was fought nearby in May 1864. During the 1863 battle, Lt. Gen. Stonewall Jackson was mortally wounded by friendly fire while reconnoitering the area. He died eight days later on May 10, 1863, from pneumonia.
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The 4th North Carolina Cavalry in the Civil War A History and Roster
The Civil War: Confederate Deserter John Futch
Gettysburg College professor Peter Carmichael spoke at the Virginia Museum of History & Culture about Confederate soldier John Futch and why he chose to desert after the battle of Gettysburg. Mr. Carmichael is the author of The War for the Common Soldier: How Men Thought, Fought, and Survived in Civil War Armies.
Full program here:
The Carolina Legion
North Carolina Civil War Reenactors
Flags of the Confederate States of America
There were only three flag designs adopted, with later, minor variants made to those designs, that served as the official national flags of the Confederate States of America and used during its existence from 1861 to 1865. Since the end of the American Civil War, personal and official use of Confederate flags, and of flags derived from these, has continued under some controversy.
The state flags of Mississippi and Georgia are based on Confederate flags. The flag of North Carolina is based on the state's 1861 flag, which dates back to the Confederacy and appears to be based on the first Confederate flag. The flags of Alabama and Florida appear to be of Confederate inspiration, but are actually derived from the Cross of Burgundy flag, which flew over the territory of Spanish Florida.
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
The Best Civil War Story - Chapter 11 - by Jim Surkamp
Chapter 11: March, 1862 – Freedom Comes Hard To Rezin Davis Shepherd and Almost Too Late; But Freedom Offered by Hugh Pendleton at Westwood to His Many Enslaved Brings The Best Day Ever.
The harsh winter of 1861-1862 slowly yielded to spring and new growth, new signs of life re-awakening – and a barely recognizable man coming across the yard to Fountain Rock:
One chilly day in March the family at Fountain Rock saw a strange man slowly making his way through the grove from the Ridge road. He appeared old and ill and no one knew that it was Davis until he reached the porch.
Made possible with the generous, community-minded support from American Public University System (apus.edu). (The sentiments in this production do not in any way reflect modern-day policies of APUS). Nore at:
Actor:
Jim Surkamp
Musicians:
Cam Millar - “Waterdogs 4, Waterdogs 5”
(cammillar.com)
Shana Aisenberg - banjo; guitar “Summer Nights”
(shanasongs.com)
Major References:
Magazine of the Jefferson County Historical Society. Volume LXXV December 2011. “Jefferson County to Liberia: Emigrants, Emancipators, and Facilitators.” by Jane Ailes and Marie Tyler-McGraw p. 52.
In Jefferson County Museum - Charles Town, WV:
Aglionby, Charles. “The Day Book Kept By Charles Aglionby at Mount Pleasant, Charles Town, Jefferson County, Virginia.” 6 March, 1861 to 1 January, 1866.” - Transcribed by Francis John Aglionby (1932-2002). With permission from Julia Aglionby.
Also in the Jefferson County Museum:
The Farm Diary of John and Anne Hooff
Dandridge Account Books
Serena K. Dandridge undated letter, Dandridge Collection, Duke University.
The Letter of Frank Donaldson. A Young Northern Soldier’s Journey thru Jeff. in March 1862 - The Boteler Collection - Courtesy Ms. Leslie Keller.
James, Anne Hooff Farm Journals, Wednesday, March 12, 1862. Perry Collection, Charles Town Library.
Eby, Cecil D., Jr. (Ed. and Intro.). (1961). “A Virginia Yankee in the Civil War. The Diaries of David Hunter Strother.” Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. Print. p. 10.
Frye, Dennis E. (1984). “2nd Virginia Infantry.” Lynchburg, Va.: H. E. Howard, Inc. Print.
Elizabeth Stockton Pendleton. “A Wartime Tragedy,” Shepherdstown Register, March 8, 1934.
and “A Wartime Tragedy,” The Shepherdstown Register, September 25, 1924.
Survivors' Association, 118th (Corn Exchange) Reg't. P. V. (1888). “History of the Corn Exchange Regiment, 118th Pennsylvania Volunteers, from their first engagement at Antietam to Appomattox. To which is added a record of its organization and a complete roster. Fully illustrated with maps, portraits, and over one hundred illustrations.” J. L. Smith in Philadelphia, PA: J. L. Smith Publishers. Print. p. 642.
The Richmond Enquirer correspondent in Winchester reporting the number of enslaved driven from Harper’s Ferry after its capture by Confederates. - September 23, 1862.
1860 Slave Schedules, Jefferson County, Virginia, United States Census.
Jefferson County Death Records show the death December 6, 1858 of enslaved person, Mary Frances Thornton and reported by her owner, Hugh N. Pendleton.
Confederate Service Records - National Archives and Records Administration (NARA).
Image Credits:
A sutler's store, Harper's Ferry, Virginia [soldiers of Gen. Geary's Div. making purchases] - Frank Leslie’s November 29, 1862, p. 1
Title: Harper's Ferry, photographed immediately after its evacuation by the rebels. 1861
Other Title: Harper's Ferry, W. Va., view of town; railroad bridge in ruins. Creator(s): Bostwick, C. O., photographer
By Thomas Waterman Wood
A Bit of History: The Contraband; The Recruit; The Veteran
Market Woman
A Southern cornfield
By Eastman Johnson
A Ride for Liberty c. 1862;
Union Soldiers Accepting a Drink c. 1865
Winnowing Grain
Mathew B. Brady - Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Yale University [1]
Text from below the photo: Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1862, by Barnard & Gibson, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Columbia. Contrabands at Headquarters of General Lafayette, black-and-white photograph on carte de visite mount, by the American photographer Mathew Brady.
West Virginia University -
Online Photographs from the
West Virginia Regional History Collection
- by Biscoe, Thomas and Walter;
Harper's Ferry from Bolivar Heights
Bolivar Heights and Gap of Harper's Ferry, W. Va
Picturesque Group of Houses
Charles Town, Near View Looking Northeast
View from Fairview House
View of Road Back to Middletown
Charles Town, Old Virginia,
From Pike 3/4 of a Mile South of Town
Maryland Heights by Alfred Waud, Harpers Weekly Novemeber 22, 1862
Mural of John Brown in Kansas Statehouse
Daguerrotype of John Brown 1846 by Augustus Washington
North Carolina | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
North Carolina
00:01:15 1 History
00:10:56 1.1 Native Americans, lost colonies, and permanent settlement
00:15:04 1.2 Colonial period and Revolutionary War
00:21:04 1.3 Antebellum period
00:24:39 1.4 American Civil War
00:28:14 2 Geography
00:31:02 2.1 Flora and fauna
00:31:10 2.2 Climate
00:33:14 3 Demographics
00:33:57 3.1 Ethnicity
00:34:48 3.2 Languages
00:35:52 3.3 Religion
00:38:29 3.4 Most populous counties
00:38:54 3.5 Major cities
00:39:21 3.6 Largest combined statistical areas
00:40:10 4 Economy
00:43:15 5 Transportation
00:44:09 6 Government and politics
00:46:53 7 Education
00:47:02 7.1 Primary and secondary education
00:48:16 7.2 Colleges and universities
00:50:09 8 Media
00:50:17 9 Sports
00:53:27 10 Tourism
00:56:11 11 Recreation
00:57:51 12 Arts and culture
00:59:04 12.1 Music
01:02:48 12.2 Shopping
01:03:48 12.3 Cuisine and agriculture
01:08:05 12.4 Ships named for the state
01:08:43 12.5 State parks
01:09:02 12.6 State symbols
01:11:23 12.7 Armed forces installations
01:12:34 13 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
North Carolina ( (listen)) is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. It borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west, Virginia to the north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. North Carolina is the 28th most extensive and the 9th most populous of the U.S. states. The state is divided into 100 counties. The capital is Raleigh, which along with Durham and Chapel Hill is home to the largest research park in the United States (Research Triangle Park). The most populous municipality is Charlotte, which is the second largest banking center in the United States after New York City.The state has a wide range of elevations, from sea level on the coast to 6,684 feet (2,037 m) at Mount Mitchell, the highest point in North America east of the Mississippi River. The climate of the coastal plains is strongly influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. Most of the state falls in the humid subtropical climate zone. More than 300 miles (500 km) from the coast, the western, mountainous part of the state has a subtropical highland climate.
In 2018, North Carolina was ranked number one on Forbes' Best States for Business ranking for a second year in a row.
Sherman's March 1985 (Full Documentary)
Movie loosely based on the actual Sherman's March. It's mostly about Ross McElwee(the director) and his adventures with hot southern women. He recalls seeing a atmosphere nuke test as a child, which affected his life forever. Oh, and Burt Reynolds makes an appearance! A die-hard fan got a kiss on the cheek from Burt, and her life was also greatly affected forever! Mish-mash movie, but very entertaining!
Shermans March 1986
Joseph E. Johnston | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Joseph E. Johnston
00:02:51 1 Early years
00:04:40 2 U.S. Army service
00:10:35 3 Civil War
00:10:44 3.1 Manassas and first friction with President Davis
00:16:15 3.2 Peninsula Campaign
00:18:14 3.3 Appointment to the Western Theater and Vicksburg
00:24:09 3.4 Atlanta Campaign
00:27:25 3.5 North Carolina and surrender at Bennett Place
00:31:57 4 Postwar years
00:35:44 5 Legacy
00:35:53 6 Legacy and honors
00:36:24 7 Representation in other media
00:37:28 8 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Joseph Eggleston Johnston (February 3, 1807 – March 21, 1891) was a career United States Army officer, serving with distinction in the Mexican–American War (1846–1848), and Seminole Wars. After Virginia seceded, he entered the Confederate States Army as one of the most senior general officers. (He was unrelated to Confederate general Albert Sidney Johnston, who was killed in early 1862.)
Johnston was trained as a civil engineer at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, graduating in the same class as Robert E. Lee. He served in Florida, Texas, and Kansas. By 1860 he achieved the rank of brigadier general as Quartermaster General of the U.S. Army.
Johnston's effectiveness in the American Civil War was undercut by tensions with Confederate president Jefferson Davis. Victory eluded him in most campaigns he personally commanded. He was the senior Confederate commander at the First Battle of Bull Run in July 1861, but the victory is usually credited to his subordinate, P.G.T. Beauregard. Johnston defended the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, during the 1862 Peninsula Campaign, withdrawing under the pressure of Union Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's superior force. He suffered a severe wound at the Battle of Seven Pines, and was replaced by Robert E. Lee.
In 1863, in command of the Department of the West, Johnston was criticized for his inaction and failure in the Vicksburg Campaign. In 1864, he fought against Union Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman in the Atlanta Campaign. Facing an enemy with a massive numerical advantage, Johnston maneuvered to avoid having his forces surrounded or cut off from Atlanta, while looking for a chance to make a decisive stand that would turn back the tide. Although he successfully repulsed Sherman's attempt to defeat him through direct assault at the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain, he was ultimately outflanked again forced to withdraw from northwest Georgia to the outskirts of Atlanta. Fed up with Johnston's constant withdrawal from Confederate territory, Davis relieved him of command and replaced him with John Bell Hood. In the final days of the war, Johnston was returned to command of the few remaining forces in the Carolinas Campaign. He surrendered his armies to Sherman at Bennett Place near Durham Station, North Carolina on April 26, 1865. Union generals Ulysses S. Grant and Sherman both praised his actions in the war, and became friends with Johnston afterward.
After the war, Johnston served as an executive in the railroad and insurance businesses. He was elected as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives, serving a single term. He was appointed as commissioner of railroads under Grover Cleveland. He died of pneumonia.
Suspense: 100 in the Dark / Lord of the Witch Doctors / Devil in the Summer House
The program's heyday was in the early 1950s, when radio actor, producer and director Elliott Lewis took over (still during the Wilcox/Autolite run). Here the material reached new levels of sophistication. The writing was taut, and the casting, which had always been a strong point of the series (featuring such film stars as Orson Welles, Joseph Cotten, Henry Fonda, Humphrey Bogart, Judy Garland, Ronald Colman, Marlene Dietrich, Eve McVeagh, Lena Horne, and Cary Grant), took an unexpected turn when Lewis expanded the repertory to include many of radio's famous drama and comedy stars — often playing against type — such as Jack Benny. Jim and Marian Jordan of Fibber McGee and Molly were heard in the episode, Backseat Driver, which originally aired February 3, 1949.
The highest production values enhanced Suspense, and many of the shows retain their power to grip and entertain. At the time he took over Suspense, Lewis was familiar to radio fans for playing Frankie Remley, the wastrel guitar-playing sidekick to Phil Harris in The Phil Harris-Alice Faye Show. On the May 10, 1951 Suspense, Lewis reversed the roles with Death on My Hands: A bandleader (Harris) is horrified when an autograph-seeking fan accidentally shoots herself and dies in his hotel room, and a vocalist (Faye) tries to help him as the townfolk call for vigilante justice against him.
With the rise of television and the departures of Lewis and Autolite, subsequent producers (Antony Ellis, William N. Robson and others) struggled to maintain the series despite shrinking budgets, the availability of fewer name actors, and listenership decline. To save money, the program frequently used scripts first broadcast by another noteworthy CBS anthology, Escape. In addition to these tales of exotic adventure, Suspense expanded its repertoire to include more science fiction and supernatural content. By the end of its run, the series was remaking scripts from the long-canceled program The Mysterious Traveler. A time travel tale like Robert Arthur's The Man Who Went Back to Save Lincoln or a thriller about a death ray-wielding mad scientist would alternate with more run-of-the-mill crime dramas.
William Tecumseh Sherman | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
William Tecumseh Sherman
00:02:06 1 Early life
00:03:26 1.1 Sherman's given names
00:04:52 1.2 Military training and service
00:07:57 1.3 Marriage and business career
00:10:24 1.4 Military college superintendent
00:13:01 1.5 St. Louis interlude
00:14:39 2 Civil War service
00:14:48 2.1 First commissions and Bull Run
00:16:02 2.2 Breakdown
00:18:27 2.3 Shiloh
00:21:19 2.4 Vicksburg
00:23:21 2.5 Chattanooga
00:25:21 2.6 Atlanta
00:27:54 2.7 March to the Sea
00:30:16 2.8 Final campaigns in the Carolinas
00:32:38 2.9 Confederate surrender
00:34:14 3 Slavery and emancipation
00:37:45 4 Strategies
00:39:29 4.1 Total warfare
00:43:20 4.2 Modern assessment
00:46:25 5 Departmental commander and Reconstruction
00:49:14 6 General of the Army
00:53:38 7 Later years
00:54:39 7.1 Death
00:55:20 8 Religious views
00:57:03 9 Monuments
00:58:04 10 Historiography
00:59:20 10.1 Autobiography and memoirs
01:03:28 10.2 Published correspondence
01:05:19 10.3 In popular culture
01:05:55 10.4 Sherman on U.S. postage
01:06:57 10.5 Sherman name in the military
01:07:57 11 Dates of rank
01:08:50 12 Writings
01:10:47 13 See also
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The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
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William Tecumseh Sherman (February 8, 1820 – February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, educator, and author. He served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–65), for which he received recognition for his outstanding command of military strategy as well as criticism for the harshness of the scorched earth policies he implemented in conducting total war against the Confederate States.Sherman began his Civil War career serving in the First Battle of Bull Run and Kentucky in 1861. He served under General Ulysses S. Grant in 1862 and 1863 during the battles of forts Henry and Donelson, the Battle of Shiloh, the campaigns that led to the fall of the Confederate stronghold of Vicksburg on the Mississippi River, and the Chattanooga Campaign, which culminated with the routing of the Confederate armies in the state of Tennessee. In 1864, Sherman succeeded Grant as the Union commander in the western theater of the war. He proceeded to lead his troops to the capture of the city of Atlanta, a military success that contributed to the re-election of Abraham Lincoln. Sherman's subsequent march through Georgia and the Carolinas further undermined the Confederacy's ability to continue fighting. He accepted the surrender of all the Confederate armies in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida in April 1865, after having been present at most major military engagements in the western theater.
When Grant assumed the U.S. presidency in 1869, Sherman succeeded him as Commanding General of the Army, in which capacity he served from 1869 until 1883. As such, he was responsible for the U.S. Army's engagement in the Indian Wars over the next 15 years. Sherman advocated total war against hostile Indians to force them back onto their reservations. He steadfastly refused to be drawn into politics and in 1875 published his Memoirs, one of the best-known first-hand accounts of the Civil War. British military historian B. H. Liddell Hart declared that Sherman was the first modern general.
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