Great Wall of China | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:24 1 Names
00:05:34 2 History
00:05:43 2.1 Early walls
00:08:11 2.2 Ming era
00:11:17 2.3 Foreign accounts
00:13:50 3 Course
00:14:16 3.1 Han Great Wall
00:14:39 3.2 Ming Great Wall
00:18:35 4 Characteristics
00:19:58 5 Condition
00:21:26 6 Visibility from space
00:21:35 6.1 From the Moon
00:22:52 6.2 From low Earth orbit
00:24:27 7 Gallery
00:24:35 8 See also
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Speaking Rate: 0.8996927106682632
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
The Great Wall of China (Chinese: 萬里長城; pinyin: Wànlǐ Chángchéng) is the collective name of a series of fortification systems generally built across the historical northern borders of China to protect and consolidate territories of Chinese states and empires against various nomadic groups of the steppe and their polities. Several walls were being built from as early as the 7th century BC by ancient Chinese states; selective stretches were later joined together by Qin Shi Huang (220–206 BC), the first Emperor of China. Little of the Qin wall remains. Later on, many successive dynasties have built and maintained multiple stretches of border walls. The most well-known sections of the wall were built by the Ming dynasty (1368–1644).
Apart from defense, other purposes of the Great Wall have included border controls, allowing the imposition of duties on goods transported along the Silk Road, regulation or encouragement of trade and the control of immigration and emigration. Furthermore, the defensive characteristics of the Great Wall were enhanced by the construction of watch towers, troop barracks, garrison stations, signaling capabilities through the means of smoke or fire, and the fact that the path of the Great Wall also served as a transportation corridor.
The frontier walls built by different dynasties have multiple courses. Collectively, they stretch from Liaodong in the east to Lop Lake in the west, from the present-day Sino–Russian border in the north to Taohe River in the south; along an arc that roughly delineates the edge of Mongolian steppe. A comprehensive archaeological survey, using advanced technologies, has concluded that the walls built by the Ming dynasty measure 8,850 km (5,500 mi). This is made up of 6,259 km (3,889 mi) sections of actual wall, 359 km (223 mi) of trenches and 2,232 km (1,387 mi) of natural defensive barriers such as hills and rivers. Another archaeological survey found that the entire wall with all of its branches measures out to be 21,196 km (13,171 mi). Today, the defensive system of Great Wall is generally recognized as one of the most impressive architectural feats in history.
Beijing | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
00:04:44 1 Etymology
00:06:46 2 History
00:06:55 2.1 Early history
00:08:21 2.2 Early Imperial China
00:12:06 2.3 Ming dynasty
00:15:46 2.4 Qing dynasty
00:17:49 2.5 Republic of China
00:20:10 2.6 People's Republic of China
00:24:34 3 Geography
00:27:50 3.1 Cityscape
00:27:59 3.2 Architecture
00:32:13 3.3 Climate
00:34:43 3.4 Environmental issues
00:36:48 3.4.1 Air quality
00:44:14 3.4.1.1 Readings
00:45:52 3.4.2 Dust storms
00:46:44 4 Politics and government
00:47:57 4.1 Administrative divisions
00:48:40 4.1.1 Towns
00:49:46 4.2 Judiciary and procuracy
00:51:26 4.3 Diplomatic missions
00:52:04 5 Economy
00:53:14 5.1 Sector composition
00:55:41 5.2 Economic zones
00:59:39 6 Demographics
01:04:42 7 Culture
01:08:09 7.1 Places of interest
01:15:07 8 Religion
01:16:36 8.1 Chinese folk religion and Taoism
01:19:16 8.2 Buddhism
01:22:59 8.3 Islam
01:24:32 8.4 Christianity
01:27:52 9 Media
01:28:02 9.1 Television and radio
01:28:58 9.2 Press
01:30:14 10 Sports
01:30:23 10.1 Events
01:33:29 10.2 Venues
01:34:25 10.3 Clubs
01:35:12 11 Transportation
01:35:41 11.1 Rail and high-speed rail
01:38:49 11.2 Roads and expressways
01:42:31 11.3 Air
01:45:42 11.4 Public transit
01:48:41 11.5 Taxi
01:50:57 11.6 Bicycles
01:52:38 12 Defence and aerospace
01:54:57 13 Nature and wildlife
01:58:25 14 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
Speaking Rate: 0.7022696887090343
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B
I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Beijing (, nonstandard ;
Mandarin pronunciation: [pèi.tɕíŋ] (listen)), formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's third most populous city proper, and most populous capital city. The city, located in northern China, is governed as a municipality under the direct administration of central government with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China.Beijing is an important world capital and global power city, and one of the world's leading centers for politics, economy and business, finance, education, culture, innovation and technology, architecture, language, and diplomacy. A megacity, Beijing is the second largest Chinese city by urban population after Shanghai and is the nation's political, cultural, and educational center. It is home to the headquarters of most of China's largest state-owned companies and houses the largest number of Fortune Global 500 companies in the world, as well as the world's four biggest financial institutions. It is also a major hub for the national highway, expressway, railway, and high-speed rail networks. The Beijing Capital International Airport has been the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic since 2010, and, as of 2016, the city's subway network is the busiest and second longest in the world.
Combining both modern and traditional architecture, Beijing is one of the oldest cities in the world, with a rich history dating back three millennia. As the last of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Beijing has been the political center of the country for most of the past eight centuries, and was the largest city in the world by population for much of the second millennium A.D. Encyclopædia Britannica notes that few cities in the world have served for so long as the political headquarters and cultural center of an area as immense as China. With mountains surrounding the inland city on three sides, in addition to the old inner and outer city walls, Beijing was strategically poised and developed to be the residence of the emperor and thus was the perfect location for the imperial capital. The city is renowned for its opulent palaces, temples, parks, gardens, tombs, walls ...
Beijing | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Beijing
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Beijing (;Mandarin pronunciation: [pèi.tɕíŋ] (listen)), formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's third most populous city proper, and most populous capital city. The city, located in northern China, is governed as a municipality under the direct administration of central government with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China.Beijing is an important world capital and global power city, and one of the world's leading centers for politics, economy and business, finance, education, culture, innovation and technology, architecture, language, and diplomacy. A megacity, Beijing is the second largest Chinese city by urban population after Shanghai and is the nation's political, cultural, and educational center. It is home to the headquarters of most of China's largest state-owned companies and houses the largest number of Fortune Global 500 companies in the world, as well as the world's four biggest financial institutions. It is also a major hub for the national highway, expressway, railway, and high-speed rail networks. The Beijing Capital International Airport has been the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic since 2010, and, as of 2016, the city's subway network is the busiest and second longest in the world.
Combining both modern and traditional architecture, Beijing is one of the oldest cities in the world, with a rich history dating back three millennia. As the last of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Beijing has been the political center of the country for most of the past eight centuries, and was the largest city in the world by population for much of the second millennium A.D. Encyclopædia Britannica notes that few cities in the world have served for so long as the political headquarters and cultural center of an area as immense as China. With mountains surrounding the inland city on three sides, in addition to the old inner and outer city walls, Beijing was strategically poised and developed to be the residence of the emperor and thus was the perfect location for the imperial capital. The city is renowned for its opulent palaces, temples, parks, gardens, tombs, walls and gates. It has seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites – the Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs, Zhoukoudian, and parts of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal – all popular locations for tourism. Siheyuans, the city's traditional housing style, and hutongs, the narrow alleys between siheyuans, are major tourist attractions and are common in urban Beijing.
Many of Beijing's 91 universities consistently rank among the best in China, among which Peking University and Tsinghua University are ranked in the top 60 universities of the world. Beijing CBD is a center for Beijing's economic expansion, with the ongoing or recently completed construction of multiple skyscrapers. Beijing's Zhongguancun area is known as China's Silicon Valley and a center of innovation and technology entrepreneurship.
Beijing | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Beijing
00:03:13 1 Etymology
00:04:36 2 History
00:04:44 2.1 Early history
00:05:44 2.2 Early Imperial China
00:08:15 2.3 Ming dynasty
00:10:42 2.4 Qing dynasty
00:12:06 2.5 Republic of China
00:13:41 2.6 People's Republic of China
00:16:38 3 Geography
00:18:49 3.1 Cityscape
00:18:57 3.2 Architecture
00:21:47 3.3 Climate
00:23:29 3.4 Environmental issues
00:24:56 3.4.1 Air quality
00:29:41 3.4.1.1 Readings
00:30:48 3.4.2 Dust storms
00:31:25 4 Politics and government
00:32:17 4.1 Administrative divisions
00:32:48 4.1.1 Towns
00:33:35 4.2 Judiciary and procuracy
00:34:45 4.3 Diplomatic missions
00:35:13 5 Economy
00:36:05 5.1 Sector composition
00:37:46 5.2 Economic zones
00:40:25 6 Demographics
00:43:53 7 Culture
00:46:13 7.1 Places of interest
00:50:55 8 Religion
00:51:57 8.1 Chinese folk religion and Taoism
00:53:46 8.2 Buddhism
00:56:16 8.3 Islam
00:57:11 8.4 Christianity
00:59:27 9 Media
00:59:36 9.1 Television and radio
01:00:16 9.2 Press
01:01:10 10 Sports
01:01:18 10.1 Events
01:03:26 10.2 Venues
01:04:05 10.3 Clubs
01:04:39 11 Transportation
01:05:02 11.1 Rail and high-speed rail
01:07:06 11.2 Roads and expressways
01:09:35 11.3 Air
01:11:43 11.4 Public transit
01:13:44 11.5 Taxi
01:15:18 11.6 Bicycles
01:16:26 12 Defense and aerospace
01:17:59 13 Nature and wildlife
01:20:23 14 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Beijing (;Mandarin pronunciation: [pèi.tɕíŋ] (listen)), formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's third most populous city proper, and most populous capital city. The city, located in northern China, is governed as a municipality under the direct administration of central government with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China.Beijing is an important world capital and global power city, and one of the world's leading centers for politics, economy and business, finance, education, culture, innovation and technology, architecture, language, and diplomacy. A megacity, Beijing is the second largest Chinese city by urban population after Shanghai and is the nation's political, cultural, and educational center. It is home to the headquarters of most of China's largest state-owned companies and houses the largest number of Fortune Global 500 companies in the world, as well as the world's four biggest financial institutions. It is also a major hub for the national highway, expressway, railway, and high-speed rail networks. The Beijing Capital International Airport has been the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic since 2010, and, as of 2016, the city's subway network is the busiest and second longest in the world.
Combining both modern and traditional architecture, Beijing is one of the oldest cities in the world, with a rich history dating back three millennia. As the last of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Beijing has been the political center of the country for most of the past eight centuries, and was the largest city in the world by population for much of the second millennium A.D. Encyclopædia Britannica notes that few cities in the world have served for so long as the political headquarters and cultural center of an area as immense as China. With mountains surrounding the inland city on three sides, in addition to the old inner and outer city walls, Beijing was strategically poised and developed to be the residence of the emperor and thus was the perfect location for the imperial capital. The city is renowned for its opulent palaces, temples, parks, gardens, tombs, walls and gates. It has seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites – the Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs, Zhoukoudian, and parts of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal – all popular locatio ...