MARY'S HILL/MARIAN HILL (pilgrimage site)
Mariánska hora (Marian Hill) is one of the oldest and best known pilgrimage sites in Central Europe. The pilgrimage that takes place annually on the first Sunday in July may be traced back to the times when the Friars Minor, spreading Marian veneration, consecrated the chapel built on the hill to the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary at the end of the 14th century. THE HISTORY OF MARY’S HILL IN LEVOČA
The oldest pilgrimage place in eastern Slovakia is Levoča, where the roots of the Mary’s cult date back to the 13th century. The first mentions about this pilgrimage place and the gathering of Mary’s worshippers appear at those times. In 1247, the first chapel was built on Olivet hill. Probably it was built as manifestation of thankfulness to the Mother of God for rescuing numerous lives during the invasion of the Mongols, who attacked our territory and the town of Levoča as well. In 1311, the Franciscans came to Levoča and they established the feast of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary. In 1322, the Levoča parish priest Henrich renovated the first church on Mary’s Hill. In the second half of the 15th century, the size of the church on Mary’s Hill was already insufficient. Besides this fact, the state of the church was such that it was close to its collapse. In 1470, the parish priest Servác enlarged and partially rebuilt the church and shortly after that the church got the gracious Gothic statue of the Virgin Mary which has been preserved to the present.
Pilgrimages to the Mary’s Hill continued even during the Reformation. In addition, the local Evangelicals kept up the feast of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary.
However, the revival of pilgrimages came into being only after the Counter Reformation, the first deed of which was a big procession and pilgrimage to the Hill on July 2, 1671. In 1673, the indulgence privilege was granted to Mary’s Hill by the Holy Father. The church was more-times rebuilt and extended. In 1698, the parish priest Štefan Györffy built the second church on Mary’s Hill. In 1819, Ján Ehrnspenger, the Levoča parish priest, built the third church on Mary’s Hill, which was consecrated by the Spiš bishop Michal Brigido, a former Levoča pa-rish priest, in 1820. In 1847, Roman Catholic parish priest Jozef Dulovič built a wooden chapel for the Eastern Byzantine worshippers. In 1906, Celestín Kompanyik began to build the present shrine from the thank-offerings of worshippers, which, after his death, was completed and furnished by the new parish priest Jozef Krššák. On July 2, 1922, the new and spacious church was solemnly consecrated by the new Spiš bishop Ján Vojtaššák, nowadays - a candidate for beatification.
In 1947, the Levoča parish priest Jozef Vojtas, who worked in Levoča after the Second World War, made ready imposing plans for Mary’s Hill (to build a pilgrim, religious and spiritual retreat house). However, the political situation in the 50´s prevented their realization. His plans were realized only after the fall of communism, after the year of 1989, by the present parish priest Msgr. Prof. František Dlugoš, Ph.D.
Initially, Mary’s Hill gathered the pilgrims from eastern and central Slovakia. The pilgrims of the Latin and Eastern Byzantine rite used to come together here. Especially the pilgrims from Košice, from beyond Magura, from Halíč and Pohronie, but also the Poles from the other side of the High Tatras journeyed to this place. Simple Slovakian people have come to Mary with their joys and pains, as to their mother, as they have often sung about in their pilgrimage religious songs.
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