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Cleveland Museum of Natural History

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Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Phone:
+1 216-231-4600

Hours:
Sunday12pm - 5pm
Monday10am - 5pm
Tuesday10am - 5pm
Wednesday10am - 10pm
Thursday10am - 5pm
Friday10am - 5pm
Saturday10am - 5pm


The presidencies of Grover Cleveland lasted from March 4, 1885 to March 4, 1889, and from March 4, 1893 to March 4, 1897. The first Democrat elected after the Civil War, Grover Cleveland is the only President of the United States to leave office after one term and later return for a second term. His presidencies were the nation's 22nd and 24th. Cleveland defeated James G. Blaine of Maine in 1884, lost to Benjamin Harrison of Indiana in 1888, and then defeated President Harrison in 1892. Cleveland won the 1884 election with the support of a reform-minded group of Republicans known as Mugwumps, and he expanded the number of government positions that were protected by the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act. He also vetoed several bills designed to provide pensions and other benefits to various regions and individuals. In response to anti-competitive practices by railroads, Cleveland signed the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887, which established the first independent federal agency. During his first term, he unsuccessfully sought the repeal of the Bland–Allison Act and a lowering of the tariff. The Samoan crisis was the major foreign policy event of Cleveland's first term, and that crisis ended with a tripartite protectorate in the Samoan Islands. As his second presidency began, disaster hit the nation when the Panic of 1893 produced a severe national depression. Cleveland presided over the repeal of portions of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, striking a blow against the Free Silver movement, and also lowered tariff rates by allowing the Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act to become law . He also ordered federal soldiers to crush the Pullman Strike and promoted efforts to roll back federal civil rights protections for African-Americans. In foreign policy, Cleveland resisted the annexation of Hawaii and an American intervention in Cuba. He also sought to uphold the Monroe Doctrine and forced the British to agree to arbitrate a border dispute with Venezuela. In the midterm elections of 1894, Cleveland's Democratic Party suffered a massive defeat that opened the way for the agrarian and silverite seizure of the Democratic Party. The 1896 Democratic National Convention repudiated Cleveland and nominated silverite William Jennings Bryan, but Bryan was defeated by Republican William McKinley in the 1896 presidential election. Cleveland left office extremely unpopular, but his reputation was quickly rehabilitated by scholars like Allan Nevins. More recent historians and biographers have taken a more ambivalent view of Cleveland, but many note Cleveland's role in re-asserting the power of the presidency. In rankings of American presidents by historians and political scientists, Cleveland is generally ranked as an average president.
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